CN112969529A - 制备超吸收剂的方法 - Google Patents
制备超吸收剂的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112969529A CN112969529A CN201980072210.2A CN201980072210A CN112969529A CN 112969529 A CN112969529 A CN 112969529A CN 201980072210 A CN201980072210 A CN 201980072210A CN 112969529 A CN112969529 A CN 112969529A
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- tank
- superabsorbent polymer
- acrylic acid
- polymer particles
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Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229920000247 superabsorbent polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 17
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 alkali metal hydrogencarbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012966 redox initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- PQUXFUBNSYCQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,3-difluorophenyl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC(F)=C1F PQUXFUBNSYCQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LEJBBGNFPAFPKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethoxy)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)C=C LEJBBGNFPAFPKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004386 diacrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- KLSBASGQHCAVHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-hydroxy-2-sulfinatoacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)S([O-])=O KLSBASGQHCAVHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- PUGOMSLRUSTQGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-di(prop-2-enoyloxy)propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical class C=CC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C PUGOMSLRUSTQGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXAAQNFGSQKPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[1,2,2-tris(prop-2-enoxy)ethoxy]prop-1-ene Chemical compound C=CCOC(OCC=C)C(OCC=C)OCC=C BXAAQNFGSQKPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorobutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCCBr DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lactate Chemical compound CC(O)C([O-])=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)[O-] NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M dihydrogenphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMLUMMDFXRZWGY-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium 2-hydroxy-2-sulfoacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)S(O)(=O)=O.[O-]C(=O)C(O)S(O)(=O)=O IMLUMMDFXRZWGY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC=C FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004583 superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VPYJNCGUESNPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triallylamine Chemical compound C=CCN(CC=C)CC=C VPYJNCGUESNPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940048102 triphosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VXYADVIJALMOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K tris(lactato)aluminium Chemical compound CC(O)C(=O)O[Al](OC(=O)C(C)O)OC(=O)C(C)O VXYADVIJALMOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/02—Polymerisation in bulk
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/265—Synthetic macromolecular compounds modified or post-treated polymers
- B01J20/267—Cross-linked polymers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L15/60—Liquid-swellable gel-forming materials, e.g. super-absorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/245—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside placed in series
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种制备超吸收性聚合物颗粒的方法,其包含将丙烯酸存储在丙烯酸生产现场的至少一个罐(B1)中和超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的至少一个罐(B2)中,其中在丙烯酸生产现场的至少一个罐(B1)和在超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的至少一个罐(B2)通过一个单一管线(3)相互连接且在管线(3)内的流动在超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产中断期间暂时地反向。
Description
本发明涉及一种制备超吸收性聚合物颗粒的方法,其包含将丙烯酸存储在丙烯酸生产现场的至少一个罐(B1)中和超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的至少一个罐(B2)中,其中在丙烯酸生产现场的至少一个罐(B1)和在超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的至少一个罐(B2)通过一个单一管线(3)相互连接且在管线(3)内的流动在超吸收性聚合物颗粒的生产中断期间暂时地反向。
超吸收性聚合物颗粒用于生产尿布、卫生棉条、卫生巾和其他卫生制品,还用作市场园艺中的保水剂。超吸收性聚合物颗粒往往也称为“吸收性树脂”、“超吸收剂”、“超吸收性聚合物”、“吸收性聚合物”、“吸收性凝胶材料”、“亲水性聚合物”或“水凝胶”。
市售超吸收性聚合物颗粒为部分中和的丙烯酸的聚合物,如记载于专著“ModernSuperabsorbent Polymer Technology”,F.L.Buchholz和A.T.Graham,Wiley-VCH,1998,第69-103页。
手册《丙烯酸的安全处理和储存(Safe Handling and Storage of AcrylicAcid)》(EBAM–欧洲基础丙烯酸单体制造商协会)公开了安全处理丙烯酸的指南。为了避免物料停滞,建议在长时间中断丙烯酸再循环或转移的情况下排干管线。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种改进的制备超吸收性聚合物颗粒的方法,尤其是改进丙烯酸在不同生产现场之间通过管线输送的方法。
该目的通过一种制备超吸收性聚合物颗粒的方法而实现,所述方法包括使单体溶液聚合,所述单体溶液包含:
a)部分中和的丙烯酸,
b)至少一种交联剂,和
c)至少一种引发剂,
使所得聚合物凝胶干燥,任选地将所得干燥的聚合物凝胶进行研磨和分级,以及任选地将所得聚合物颗粒进行热后交联并冷却,其中所述部分中和的丙烯酸通过将丙烯酸、碱的水溶液以及任选地水进行混合而形成,将待使用的丙烯酸存储在丙烯酸生产现场的至少一个罐(B1)中和超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的至少一个罐(B2)中,并从超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的至少一个罐(B2)供应至中和,在丙烯酸生产现场的至少一个罐(B1)和在超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的至少一个罐(B2)通过一个单一管线(3)相互连接且在管线(3)内的流动在超吸收性聚合物颗粒的生产中断期间暂时地反向。
图1是本发明的优选实施方案的示意图。
B1 丙烯酸生产现场的罐
B2 超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的罐
P1 泵
P2 泵
1 至罐B1的丙烯酸输送线
2 至中和的丙烯酸输送线
3 丙烯酸生产现场和超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场之间的管线
管线(3)内的流动暂时地反向,以使在超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产中断期间,在超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的至少一个罐(B2)的填充水平在特定的范围内,优选4至20%,更优选5至15%,最优选6至10%。
本发明是基于以下发现:通过使流动反向直至超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的罐(B2)的填充水平达到预定水平,并再次使流动反向直至在超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的罐(B2)的填充水平达到预定水平等,可以避免在超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产的长时间中断期间管线中丙烯酸的停滞。在每次循环中泵入的丙烯酸量应高于管线中的保持量。这可以避免使用环形管线,环形管线意味着在丙烯酸的生产现场和超吸收性聚合物颗粒的生产现场之间有两条管线。也不需要在超吸收性聚合物颗粒的生产中断期间排干管线。
用于中和的优选碱为氢氧化钠、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸氢钾和/或碳酸钾。
超吸收性聚合物颗粒的生产中断优选至少持续1小时,更优选至少10小时,最优选至少100小时。
重要的是,管线(3)中的流速应高于最小值,并且管线(3)中的流动中断应尽可能短。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,管线(3)中的流速优选为至少0.1m/s,更优选至少0.3m/s,最优选至少0.5m/s,各自除了改变流向所需的时间外。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,管线(3)内的流速优选为至少0.1m/s,更优选至少0.3m/s,最优选至少0.5m/s,各自对于超吸收性聚合物颗粒的生产中断时间的至少90%而言。
管线(3)的长度优选为100至20,000m,更优选为500至10,000m,最优选为1,000至5,000m。长度超过5,000m的管线(3)可能需要额外的泵。管线(3)的内径优选为0.002至0.4m,更优选为0.004至0.3m,最优选为0.006至0.2m。
丙烯酸包含优选0.001至0.015重量%,更优选0.003至0.010重量%,最优选0.005至0.007重量%的阻聚剂。优选的阻聚剂为氢醌单醚,例如氢醌单甲醚。
丙烯酸的温度优选为15至35℃,更优选16至30℃,最优选17至25℃。
丙烯酸生产现场的至少一个罐(B1)和/或超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的至少一个罐(B2)的内部体积优选为100至2,000m3,更优选250至1,000m3,最优选500至750m3。
丙烯酸生产现场的至少一个罐(B1)和/或超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的至少一个罐(B2)的填充水平优选为10至80%,更优选15至55%,最优选20至30%,其中填充水平为罐中丙烯酸的体积与罐的内部体积的商。
在超吸收性聚合物颗粒的生产中断期间,超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的至少一个罐(B2)的填充水平优选为4%至20%,更优选为5%至15%,最优选为6至10%,其中填充水平为罐中丙烯酸的体积与罐的内部体积的商。
下文详细描述了超吸收剂的制备:
超吸收剂通过使单体溶液聚合来制备,并且所述超吸收剂通常为水不溶性的。
丙烯酸通常包含阻聚剂(优选氢醌单醚)作为储存稳定剂。
合适的交联剂b)为具有至少两个适用于交联的基团的化合物。这种基团为例如可自由基聚合至聚合物链中的烯键式不饱和基团,以及可与丙烯酸的酸基团形成共价键的官能团。此外,可与丙烯酸的至少两个酸基团形成配位键的多价金属盐也适合用作交联剂b)。
交联剂b)优选为具有至少两个可自由基聚合至聚合物网络中的可聚合基团的化合物。合适的交联剂b)为例如在EP 0 530 438 A1中记载的二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、二丙烯酸二乙二醇酯、聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、三烯丙基胺、四烯丙基氯化铵、四烯丙氧基乙烷;在EP 0 547 847 A1、EP 0 559 476 A1、EP 0632 068 A1、WO 93/21237 A1、WO 2003/104299 A1、WO 2003/104300 A1、WO 2003/104301A1和DE 103 31 450 A1中记载的二丙烯酸酯和三丙烯酸酯;在DE 103 31 456 A1和DE 10355 401 A1中记载的混合丙烯酸酯,其除了丙烯酸酯基团外还包含其他烯键式不饱和基团;或例如在DE 195 43 368 A1、DE 196 46 484 A1、WO 90/15830 A1和WO 2002/032962 A2中记载的交联剂混合物。
交联剂b)的量优选为0.05至1.5重量%,更优选0.1%至1重量%且最优选0.3%至0.6重量%,在每种情况下基于中和前的丙烯酸计。随着交联剂的含量增加,离心保留容量(CRC)下降,并且在21.0g/cm2的压力下的吸收经过最大值。
所用的引发剂c)可为在聚合条件下产生自由基的所有化合物,例如热引发剂、氧化还原引发剂、光引发剂。合适的氧化还原引发剂为过二硫酸钠/抗坏血酸、过氧化氢/抗坏血酸、过二硫酸钠/亚硫酸氢钠和过氧化氢/亚硫酸氢钠。优选使用热引发剂和氧化还原引发剂的混合物,如过二硫酸钠/过氧化氢/抗坏血酸。然而,所用的还原组分优选为2-羟基-2-磺酸基乙酸二钠;或2-羟基-2-亚磺酸基乙酸二钠、2-羟基-2-磺酸基乙酸二钠和亚硫酸氢钠的混合物。这些混合物可以FF6和FF7(BrüggemannChemicals;Heilbronn;Germany)获得。
通常,使用单体水溶液。单体溶液的含水量优选为40重量%至75重量%,更优选45重量%至70重量%且最优选50重量%至65重量%。还可以使用单体悬浮液,即具有过量丙烯酸钠的单体溶液。随着含水量增加,随后干燥中的能量需求增加,而随着含水量降低,聚合热只能被不充分地移除。
为了最佳作用,优选的阻聚剂需要溶解氧。因此,在聚合之前,单体溶液可以通过惰性化除去溶解氧,即,使惰性气体、优选氮气或二氧化碳流过。在聚合之前,单体溶液的氧含量优选降低至小于1重量ppm,更优选小于0.5重量ppm,最优选小于0.1重量ppm。
为了更好地控制聚合反应,可以任选地向单体溶液或悬浮液或其原料中添加所有已知的螯合剂。合适的螯合剂为例如磷酸、二磷酸、三磷酸、多磷酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸或其盐。
使单体溶液聚合。合适的反应器例如为捏合反应器或带式反应器。在捏合机中,通过例如反向旋转搅拌器轴连续粉碎单体水溶液或悬浮液聚合中形成的聚合物凝胶,如WO2001/038402 A1中的记载。在带上的聚合记载于例如DE 38 25 366A1和US 6,241,928中。在带式反应器中的聚合形成了聚合物凝胶,其必须在进一步的处理步骤中例如在挤出机或捏合机中粉碎。
为了改善干燥特性,还可将借助捏合机获得的粉碎的聚合物凝胶进行挤出。
所得聚合物凝胶的酸基通常已被部分中和。中和在单体阶段进行。这通常通过与在水溶液形式或优选固体形式的中和剂混合来完成。中和度优选为40至85摩尔%,更优选50至80摩尔%且最优选60至75摩尔%,为此可使用常规的中和剂,优选碱金属氢氧化物、碱金属氧化物、碱金属碳酸盐或碱金属碳酸氢盐及其混合物。也可以使用铵盐来代替碱金属盐。特别优选的碱金属为钠和钾,但非常特别优选氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾及其混合物。
将所得的聚合物凝胶干燥。干燥器不受任何限制。然而,优选使用带式干燥器实施聚合物凝胶的干燥,直至残余水分含量优选为0.5至10重量%,更优选1至7重量%且最优选2至5重量%,残余水分含量通过EDANA推荐的测试方法No.WSP 230.2(05)“Mass Loss UponHeating”来测定。在残余水分含量过高的情况下,干燥的聚合物凝胶具有过低的玻璃化转变温度Tg,可能使进一步处理很困难。在残余水分含量过低的情况下,干燥的聚合物凝胶太脆,而在后续的研磨步骤中,获得不期望地大量的粒度过小的聚合物颗粒(“细粉”)。干燥前凝胶的固含量优选为25至90重量%,更优选35至70重量%且最优选40至60重量%。然而,流化床干燥器或桨式干燥器也可任选地用于干燥目的。
随后,将干燥的聚合物凝胶进行研磨并分级。用于研磨的装置通常可为单级辊式研磨机或多级辊式研磨机(优选二级或三级辊式研磨机)、销棒式研磨机、锤式研磨机或振动式研磨机。
作为产物级分移出的聚合物颗粒的平均粒度优选为至少200μm,更优选250至600μm且非常特别地为300至500μm。产物级分的平均粒度可以通过EDANA推荐的测试方法No.WSP220.2(05)“Particle Size Distribution”来测定,其中筛分级分的质量比例以累积的形式作图,并且平均粒度以图解的方式来确定。本文中的平均粒度为产生累积50重量%的筛孔尺寸的值。
为了改善特性,聚合物颗粒可随后进行热表面后交联。合适的表面后交联剂为包含可与聚合物颗粒的至少两个酸基形成共价键的基团的化合物。合适的化合物为例如多官能胺、多官能酰胺基胺、多官能环氧化物,如EP 0 083 022 A2、EP 0 543 303 A1和EP 0937 736 A2中所记载的;二官能醇或多官能醇,如DE 33 14 019 A1、DE 35 23 617 A1和EP0 450 922 A2中所记载的,或β-羟烷基酰胺,如DE 102 04 938 A1和US 6,239,230中所记载的。
表面后交联剂的量优选为0.001至2重量%,更优选0.02至1重量%且最优选0.05至0.2重量%,在每种情况下基于聚合物颗粒计。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,在表面后交联之前、期间或之后,除表面后交联剂外,还将多价阳离子施用至颗粒表面。
可用于本发明方法中的多价阳离子为例如二价阳离子,如锌、镁、钙、铁和锶的阳离子;三价阳离子,如铝、铁、铬、稀土和锰的阳离子;四价阳离子,例如钛和锆的阳离子。可能的抗衡离子是氯离子、溴离子、氢氧根、硫酸根、硫酸氢根、碳酸根、碳酸氢根、硝酸根、磷酸根、磷酸氢根、磷酸二氢根和羧酸根,例如乙酸根和乳酸根。优选氢氧化铝、硫酸铝和乳酸铝。除了金属盐以外,还可以使用多胺作为多价阳离子。
所用多价阳离子的量为例如0.001至1.5重量%,优选0.005至1重量%且更优选0.02至0.8重量%,在每种情况下基于聚合物颗粒计。
通常以使得表面后交联剂的溶液喷涂于干燥的聚合物颗粒上的方式进行表面后交联。在喷涂施用后,将经表面后交联剂涂覆的聚合物颗粒进行热干燥,表面后交联反应可在干燥前或干燥期间进行。
表面后交联剂溶液的喷涂施用优选在具有移动的混合工具的混合器(例如螺杆混合器、盘式混合器和桨式混合器)中进行。特别优选卧式混合器,例如桨式混合器,非常特别优选立式混合器。卧式混合器和立式混合器之间的区别在于混合轴的位置,即卧式混合器具有水平安装的混合轴,而立式混合器具有垂直安装的混合轴。合适的混合器为例如卧式犁铧式混合器(Gebr.Maschinenbau GmbH;Paderborn;Germany)、Vrieco-Nauta连续混合器(Hosokawa Micron BV;Doetinchem;the Netherlands)、Processall Mixmill混合器(Processall Incorporated;Cincinnati;USA)和Schugi(Hosokawa Micron BV;Doetinchem;the Netherlands)。然而,还可以在流化床中喷涂表面后交联剂溶液。
表面后交联剂通常以水溶液的形式使用。表面后交联剂向聚合物颗粒中的渗透深度可以通过非水性溶剂的含量和溶剂的总量来调节。
热表面后交联优选在接触式干燥器,更优选桨式干燥器,最优选盘式干燥器中进行。合适的干燥器为例如Hosokawa卧式桨式干燥器(Hosokawa Micron GmbH;Leingarten;Germany)、Hosokawa盘式干燥器(Hosokawa Micron GmbH;Leingarten;Germany)和Nara桨式干燥器(NARA Machinery Europe;Frechen;Germany)。此外,还可使用流化床干燥器。
热表面后交联可以在混合器本身中通过加热夹套或吹入暖空气来进行。同样合适的是下游干燥器,例如架式干燥器、旋转管式炉或可加热螺杆。特别有利的是在流化床干燥器中进行混合和干燥。
优选的表面后交联的温度为100至250℃,优选110至220℃,更优选120至210℃且最优选130至200℃。在该温度下在反应混合器或干燥器中优选的停留时间为优选至少10分钟,更优选至少20分钟,最优选至少30分钟,且通常至多60分钟。
随后,可将表面后交联的聚合物颗粒再次分级,将过小和/或过大的聚合物颗粒移出并再循环至该方法中。
为了进一步改善特性,可将经表面后交联的聚合物颗粒进行涂覆或再润湿。
再润湿优选在30至80℃、更优选35至70℃、最优选40至60℃下进行。在过低的温度下,超吸收剂倾向于形成团块,而在较高温度下,水已蒸发至显著的程度。用于再润湿的水的量优选为1至10重量%,更优选2至8重量%且最优选3至5重量%。再润湿提高了聚合物颗粒的机械稳定性并降低其带静电的倾向。
适于改善自由溶胀率和盐水导流率(SFC)的涂料为例如无机惰性物质,例如水不溶性金属盐、有机聚合物、阳离子聚合物和二价或多价金属阳离子。适用于粘结粉尘的涂料为例如多元醇。适用于抵消聚合物颗粒的不期望的结块倾向的涂料为例如气相二氧化硅(例如200)或沉淀二氧化硅(例如D17)和表面活性剂(例如20)。
本发明还提供卫生制品,其包含根据本发明的方法制备的超吸收性聚合物颗粒。
实施例
丙烯酸生产现场和超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场通过长度为3,200m且内径为0.0762m的管线(3)相互连接。
丙烯酸生产现场的罐B1的内部体积为534m3且超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的罐B2的内部体积为534m3。
丙烯酸包含0.005重量%的氢醌单甲醚且温度为18至24℃。
超吸收性聚合物颗粒的生产中断持续70小时。通过减少从罐B1到罐B2的进料,在停止生产超吸收性聚合物颗粒之前,将超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的罐B2中的填充水平降低到15%。管线(3)中的最小流速为0.6m/s。然后,使管线(3)中的流动反向。管线(3)中的流速为0.6m/s。当超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的罐B2中的填充水平降低至5%,将管线(3)内的流动再次反向。重复这些步骤,以使超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产中断时的填充水平保持在约5至约15%的范围内。通过增加从罐B1到罐B2的进料,在再次开始生产超吸收性聚合物颗粒之前,将超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产中断的填充水平增加到25%。
超吸收性聚合物颗粒的制备
通过将去离子水、48重量%的氢氧化钠溶液和丙烯酸连续混合,制备丙烯酸/丙烯酸钠溶液,以使得中和度对应于72.4mol%。单体溶液的固体含量为40.0重量%。
将单体溶液进一步冷却。接下来,将3重乙氧基化甘油三丙烯酸酯作为交联剂添加到单体溶液中。交联剂的量为每吨单体溶液1.43kg。
自由基聚合反应通过加入1.31kg 0.25重量%的过氧化氢水溶液、3.00kg 30重量%的过二硫酸钠水溶液和0.98kg 1重量%的抗坏血酸水溶液来引发,各自基于每吨单体溶液计。将过氧化物加入到单体溶液中。
单体溶液的生产量为21t/h。进料时单体溶液的温度为26℃。
将组分(单体溶液和抗坏血酸水溶液)连续计量加入到容量为6.3m3的连续捏合反应器(LIST AG,Arisdorf,瑞士)中。
在交联剂的添加点和过氧化物的添加点之间,单体溶液用氮气惰性化。
在聚合反应器中达到约50%的停留时间之后,另外向反应器中计量添加细粉(1270kg/h),这些细粉是从生产过程中通过研磨和筛分获得的。反应混合物在反应器中的停留时间为15分钟。
将所得的聚合物凝胶置于带式干燥机上。在带式干燥机上,空气/气体混合物在聚合物凝胶周围连续流动并干燥聚合物凝胶。
将干燥的聚合物凝胶研磨并筛分至150至850μm的粒度级分。
Claims (15)
1.一种制备超吸收性聚合物颗粒的方法,所述方法包括使单体溶液聚合,所述单体溶液包含:
a)部分中和的丙烯酸,
b)至少一种交联剂,和
c)至少一种引发剂,
使所得聚合物凝胶干燥,任选地将所得干燥的聚合物凝胶进行研磨和分级,以及任选地将所得聚合物颗粒进行热后交联并冷却,其中所述部分中和的丙烯酸通过将丙烯酸、碱的水溶液以及任选地水进行混合而形成,将待使用的丙烯酸存储在丙烯酸生产现场的至少一个罐(B1)中和超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的至少一个罐(B2)中并从超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的至少一个罐(B2)供应至中和,在丙烯酸生产现场的至少一个罐(B1)和在超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产现场的至少一个罐(B2)通过一个单一管线(3)相互连接且管线(3)内的流动在超吸收性聚合物颗粒的生产中断期间暂时地反向。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中用于中和的碱为氢氧化钠、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸氢钾和/或碳酸钾。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中超吸收性聚合物颗粒的生产中断至少持续1小时。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其中对于超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产中断的至少90%的时间,管线(3)内的流速为至少0.1m/s。
5.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其中对于超吸收性聚合物颗粒生产中断的至少90%的时间,管线(3)内的流速为至少0.5m/s。
6.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其中除了改变流向所需的时间外,管线(3)内的流速为至少0.1m/s。
7.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其中除了改变流向所需的时间外,管线(3)内的流速为至少0.5m/s。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法,其中管线(3)的长度为100至20,000m。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法,其中管线(3)的长度为1000至5,000m。
10.根据权利要求1或9中任一项所述的方法,其中管线(3)的内径为0.002至0.4m。
11.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法,其中丙烯酸包含0.001至0.015重量%的阻聚剂。
12.根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的方法,其中丙烯酸的温度为15至25℃。
13.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的方法,其中至少一个罐的内部体积为100至2000m3。
14.根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的方法,其中至少一个罐的填充水平为10至80%,其中填充水平为罐中丙烯酸的体积与罐的内部体积的商。
15.卫生制品,其包含根据权利要求1至14所述的方法制备的超吸收性聚合物颗粒。
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