CN112963291B - Power generation device for recycling mechanical energy of liquid cargo in liquid cargo ship - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a power generation device for recovering mechanical energy of liquid cargos in a liquid cargo ship, which comprises: the device comprises a track, a horizontal pulley, a vertical pulley, a left guide rod, a right guide rod, a left floating plate, a right floating plate, a rope belt, a power generation device and a water sealing cover. The floating plate type ship liquid cargo tank is ingeniously combined with the ship liquid cargo tank, when the ship is acted by waves in the sailing process, the floating plate is used for recycling mechanical energy contained in the liquid cargo when the ship body swings, and then the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through the generator, the wave energy is indirectly utilized, the problem that the sailing ship is difficult to utilize the wave energy is solved, and the oil consumption in the sailing process of the ship is reduced. In addition, the number of the liquid cargo tanks on the liquid cargo ship is large, and the size of each liquid cargo tank is large, so that a large number of the device can be installed on the whole liquid cargo ship.

Description

A power generation device for recovering the mechanical energy of liquid cargo in a tanker

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ships, and in particular relates to a power generation device for recovering the mechanical energy of liquid cargo in a tanker.

Background technique

Tankers refer to ships dedicated to carrying liquid cargoes (referred to as liquid cargoes), including oil tankers, liquefied gas tankers and liquid chemical tankers. The above ships are equipped with cargo tanks - closed tanks used to carry liquid cargoes. When the cargo tank is loaded with liquid cargo, based on the amount of cargo and the safety of the liquid cargo, the liquid cargo tank cannot be completely filled, so there is often a part of space above the liquid level of the liquid cargo in the liquid cargo tank.

It is precisely for this reason that there is a free liquid surface in the cargo tank, that is, when the ship sways during the voyage, the liquid cargo in the cargo tank will flow with the sway of the ship, and then the liquid in the cargo tank will flow. The center of gravity of the cargo as a whole will shift, thus generating an additional tilting moment, increasing the swaying amplitude of the ship, and thus affecting the stability of the ship.

During the rocking motion of the ship, the rolling motion of the ship is relatively violent. In order to reduce the influence of the above-mentioned free liquid surface, a longitudinal bulkhead is usually added to the cargo tank, and one or two longitudinal bulkheads are used to separate the cargo tank. It is divided into 2 or 3 longitudinal cargo tanks in the transverse direction. In this way, the offset distance in the process of liquid cargo offset is reduced, thereby reducing the influence of free liquid on the stability of the ship, but even if the longitudinal bulkhead is added , Due to the large size of the cargo tank, if the tanker is tilted by wind and waves during the navigation of the tanker, there will still be a large tilting moment (within the allowable range of the tanker), which is unavoidable.

When the ship is rolling, the liquid cargo in the cargo tank will move with the rolling of the ship, so that the liquid cargo has a certain mechanical energy. The mechanical energy contained in the tank is particularly rich. Based on this, if a device can be designed in the cargo tank to recover the mechanical energy contained in the liquid cargo in the tank when the tanker sways due to the action of wind and waves during sailing, it can be directly applied For sailing ships, this design will have very great practical application value and great significance.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems mentioned above, and propose a power generation device for recovering the mechanical energy of the liquid cargo in the tanker. The device is installed in the cargo tank. The mechanical energy contained in the liquid cargo in the cargo tank is recovered and converted into electrical energy to supply power to the ship's power facilities, thus realizing the indirect and effective use of wave energy.

The device includes: rails, horizontal pulleys, vertical pulleys, left guide rod, right guide rod, left floating plate, right floating plate, rope and power generation device. The exposed part of the deck is sealed. The power generating device includes a pulley, a generator, a base-fixed valve and a base.

The rails are arranged along the length of the ship and are fixed on the deck of the ship.

The horizontal pulley is fixed on the deck of the ship, and the center line of the wheel body is parallel to the deck. In the present invention, four horizontal pulleys are required, and the four horizontal pulleys can be connected in sequence to form a plane rectangle, and the above-mentioned track just bisects the horizontal pulley. Plane rectangle, the distance between the two horizontal pulleys along the length of the ship is equal to the track length.

The vertical pulley is fixed on the deck of the ship, and the center line of the wheel body is perpendicular to the deck. In the present invention, a total of four vertical pulleys are required, and the four vertical pulleys are connected in sequence to form a plane rectangle. The plane rectangle is exactly bisected, the distance between the two vertical pulleys along the ship's length direction is equal to the track length, and the distance between the two vertical pulleys along the ship's width direction is slightly larger than the track width.

The left guide rod is cylindrical, one end of which is fixed on the top of the cargo tank.

The right guide rod is the same as the left guide rod, one end of which is fixed on the top of the cargo tank, and the left guide rod and the right guide rod are symmetrically arranged with respect to the track.

The left floating plate is a rectangular plate, which is made of non-metal light-weight materials, with elastic material attached to the upper surface. The average density of the left floating plate is between 1 and 1.2 times the density of the liquid cargo carried. The ratio of the mass to the volume of the block is provided with a circular through hole at the centroid of the rectangular surface of the left floating plate, and the circular through hole on the left floating plate can just pass through the left guide rod.

The right floating plate is the same as the left floating plate, and a circular through hole is provided at the centroid of the rectangular surface of the right floating plate, and the circular through hole on the right floating plate can just pass the right guide rod.

The moving direction of the left floating plate along the guide rod is defined as the thickness direction, and the thickness is set as t. In practical engineering applications, the value of t should not be greater than 10cm, and the side of the left floating plate parallel to the longitudinal section of the ship is defined as the long side a, The length of the side parallel to the mid-section of the ship is the short side b.

There are two power generation devices in total, and these two power generation devices are evenly arranged on the track. The so-called uniform arrangement refers to: assuming a line parallel to the mid-cross section of the ship and bisects the track of the present invention, then the two used in the present invention. A generator is symmetrical about this line.

The base is matched with the track and can move along the track.

The generator is fixed on the base and can move with the base.

The pulley is connected with the rotating shaft of the generator through a key.

The base fixed valve is arranged on both sides of the base, and the start and stop of the base can be controlled during the movement of the base along the track by rotating the valve.

There are four holes between the cargo tank and the deck, and the four holes correspond to the above-mentioned four horizontal pulleys.

A total of two rope belts are required, one end of one rope belt is connected to one side of the left floating board, and the other end of the rope belt can pass through the hole, pass through the horizontal pulley and vertical pulley on one side of the track, and wrap it on the side. On the pulley, then through the vertical pulley and horizontal pulley on the other side of the track, it is connected to one side of the right floating plate through the hole; one end of the other rope of the present invention is connected to the other side of the left floating plate. The other end of the belt can pass through the hole, pass through the horizontal pulley and vertical pulley on one side of the track, cover the pulley, and then pass through the vertical pulley and horizontal pulley on the other side of the track, pass through the hole and the other side of the right floating plate. side connection.

The water sealing cover is fixed on the deck of the ship, and can seal the exposed part of the present invention on the deck, that is, cover the holes on the deck for passing ropes, and re-form a sealed space to prevent the liquid cargo from evaporating. The gas communicates with the atmosphere and affects the safety of the ship.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1. The present invention is skillfully combined with the ship's cargo tank, and when the ship is swayed by waves during the sailing process, it realizes the conversion of wave energy to the mechanical energy of the hull, to the mechanical energy of the liquid cargo, and finally to the electrical energy of the device. The purpose of utilizing wave energy effectively, solves the problem that it is difficult for sailing ships to utilize wave energy, and reduces the fuel consumption during the sailing process of the ship.

2. Generally, the deadweight tonnage of tankers is generally large, the number of cargo tanks on the ship is large, and the size of each tank is large. One to two sets of the devices of the present invention can be installed in each tank, so that the whole ship can install a large number of them. Therefore, when the tanker is swayed by wind and waves during sailing, the recoverable energy of the present invention is very huge, and the power generation effect is good.

3. The device of the present invention can realize the recovery and conversion of liquid cargo mechanical energy only through a few components such as floating plates, rope belts, pulleys and generators. The device is simple and easy to operate, and the generated electricity can be directly used for sailing ships. It can reduce the exhaust emission of ships and promote the "green" development of ships.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the water seal cover on the deck in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the installation position of the present invention in the cargo tank;

Fig. 4 is the installation position schematic diagram of the guide rod in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the left floating plate and the right floating plate in the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram of the thickness direction of the left floating plate and the right floating plate in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the power generation device in the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the position schematic diagram of horizontal pulley and vertical pulley in the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the present invention's rope belt and each pulley;

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the moving direction of the power generation device when the liquid level in the cargo tank is higher than the floating plate;

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the moving direction of the power generation device when the liquid level in the cargo tank is lower than the floating plate;

Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of adjusting the floating plate to a proper position after the ship is loaded;

13 is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention after the base is moved a certain distance;

Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the position of the floating plate of the present invention when the ship is in a positive floating state;

Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the position of the floating plate of the present invention when the ship is in a right roll state;

Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the position of the floating plate of the present invention when the ship is in a left roll state;

In the drawings: 1. Track; 2. Horizontal pulley; 3. Vertical pulley; 4. Left guide rod; 5. Right guide rod; 6. Left floating plate; 7. Right floating plate; 8. Rope; 9. Power generation device; 901. Pulley; 902. Generator; 903. Base fixed valve, 904. Base; 10. Water sealing cover.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

A power generation device for recovering the mechanical energy of liquid cargo in a tanker, as shown in Figure 1, the device includes: a track 1, a horizontal pulley 2, a vertical pulley 3, a left guide rod 4, a right guide rod 5, a left floating plate 6, The right floating plate 7, the rope belt 8 and the power generating device 9, in addition, a water sealing cover 10 as shown in FIG. 2 is arranged on the deck, the water sealing cover 10 is fixed on the deck of the ship, and the present invention can be exposed on the deck The upper part is sealed, that is, the hole on the deck used for passing the rope 8 is covered, and a sealed space is formed again to prevent the gas evaporated from the liquid cargo from communicating with the atmosphere, which affects the safety of the ship.

In the present invention, except for the water-tight cover 10, the schematic diagram of the rest on the ship is shown in FIG. 3 .

The rail 1 is arranged along the length of the ship and is fixed on the deck of the ship.

The horizontal pulley 2 is fixed on the deck of the ship, and the center line of the wheel body is parallel to the deck. In the present invention, a total of four horizontal pulleys 2 are required, and the four horizontal pulleys 2 are connected in turn to form a plane rectangle. 1 exactly bisects the plane rectangle, and the distance between the two horizontal pulleys 2 along the length of the ship is equal to the length of the track 1.

The vertical pulley 3 is fixed on the deck of the ship, and the center line of the wheel body is perpendicular to the deck. In the present invention, a total of four vertical pulleys 3 are required, and the four vertical pulleys 3 can be connected in sequence to form a plane rectangle. , the above-mentioned track 1 just bisects the plane rectangle, the distance between the two vertical pulleys 3 along the ship's length direction is equal to the length of the track 1, and the distance between the two vertical pulleys 3 along the ship's width direction is slightly greater than the width of the track 1.

As shown in Figure 4, the left guide rod 4 is cylindrical, and one end of the left guide rod is fixed on the top of the cargo tank; the right guide rod 5 is the same as the left guide rod 4, one end of which is fixed on the top of the cargo tank, and the left guide rod 4 and the right guide rod 5 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the track 1 .

The left floating plate 6 is a rectangular plate as shown in Fig. 5, which is made of non-metal light-weight materials, and an elastic material is attached to the upper surface. The average density of the left floating plate 6 is between 1 and 1.2 times the density of the liquid cargo carried The so-called average density refers to the ratio of the mass to the volume of the floating block. A circular through hole is provided at the centroid of the rectangular surface of the left floating plate 6, and the circular through hole on the left floating plate 6 can just pass through the left guide rod 4. .

The right floating plate 7 is the same as the left floating plate 6. A circular through hole is provided at the centroid of the rectangular surface of the right floating plate 7. The circular through hole on the right floating plate 7 can just pass the right guide rod 5. , the distance between the right floating plate 7 and the left floating plate 6 should be as large as possible.

Since the left floating plate 6 is the same as the right floating plate 7, taking the left floating plate 6 as an example, as shown in FIG. 6 , the direction of the left floating plate 6 along the left guide rod 4 is defined as the thickness direction, and the thickness is set as t. In application, the thickness of the left floating plate 6 should be as thin as possible, so the value of t should not be greater than 10cm, so as to ensure that the left floating plate 6 has sufficient space for movement; the left floating plate 6 is defined to be parallel to the side of the longitudinal section of the ship. is the long side a, and the side parallel to the mid-section of the ship is the short side b. In particular, regarding the selected size of the left floating plate 6 and the right floating plate 7, the values of a and b in the left floating plate 6 and the right floating plate 7 can be appropriately adjusted according to the size of the cargo tank during the actual transportation process, so that It can guarantee the best power generation effect.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the power generating device 9 includes a pulley 901 , a generator 902 , a base fixing valve 903 and a base 904 .

There are two power generation devices 9 in total, and these two power generation devices 9 are evenly arranged on the track 1. The so-called uniform arrangement refers to: assuming a line parallel to the mid-section of the ship and bisects the track 1 of the present invention, then this The two power generating devices 9 used in the invention are symmetrical about this line.

The base 904 is matched with the track 1 and can move along the track 1 .

The generator 902 is fixed on the base 904 and can move together with the base 904 .

The pulley 901 is connected with the rotating shaft of the generator 902 through a key.

The base-fixing valves 903 are arranged on both sides of the base 904 , and the starting and stopping of the base 904 during the movement of the base 904 along the track 1 can be controlled by rotating the valves.

As shown in FIG. 8 , four holes are provided between the cargo tank and the deck, and the four holes correspond to the above-mentioned four horizontal pulleys 2 .

As shown in FIG. 9 , a total of two ropes 8 are required, and one end of one rope 8 is connected to one side of the left floating plate 6 , and the other end of the rope 8 can pass through the hole and pass through the side of the track 1 The horizontal pulley 2 and the vertical pulley 3 are covered on the pulley 901, and then pass through the vertical pulley 3 and the horizontal pulley 2 on the other side of the track 1, and are connected with one side of the right floating plate 7 through the hole; One end of a rope 8 is connected to the other side of the left floating plate 6, and the other end of the rope 8 can pass through the hole, pass through the horizontal pulley 2 and the vertical pulley 3 on one side of the track 1, and cover the pulley 901. Then, it passes through the vertical pulley 3 and the horizontal pulley 2 on the other side of the track 1, and is connected to the other side of the right floating plate 7 through the hole.

The device of the present invention is mainly used when the tanker sails with full load (not in a full state of the cargo tank), that is, when the liquid cargo tank is loaded with liquid cargo, since the type and quantity of the loaded liquid cargo will change, it will lead to The medium liquid level is different, so in order to ensure that the liquid cargo is at different liquid levels, the device of the present invention can recover the mechanical energy contained in the liquid cargo. Therefore, the device of the present invention needs to be adjusted before sailing. As shown in Figures 10 and 11, the base 904 in the power generation device 9 can be adjusted to move along the track 1, and then pull the rope 8 to move, so that the left floating plate 6 and the right floating plate 7 are just immersed in the liquid cargo, The upper surfaces of the left floating plate 6 and the right floating plate 7 are flush with the liquid level of the liquid cargo, and the rope 8 is just tensioned, as shown in Figure 12, at this time, the base 904 is placed on the track 1 by rotating the base to fix the valve 903 Stop moving.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention after the base 904 moves along the track 1 for a certain distance.

If the ship is in a positive floating state, the schematic diagram of the left floating plate 6 and the right floating plate 7 in the cargo tank is shown in Figure 14. At this time, the volumes of the left floating plate 6 and the right floating plate 7 immersed in the liquid surface of the liquid cargo are the same , that is, the buoyancy of the liquid cargo on the left floating plate 6 and the right floating plate 7 is equal, so the pulling force of the rope 8 on the left floating plate 6 and the right floating plate 7 is equal, the rope 8 is just in the tension state, and the left floating plate The plate 6 and the right floating plate 7 are in a relatively static state, and the generator 902 does not generate electricity.

As shown in Figure 15, if the ship is inclined to the right during the voyage, the liquid level of the cargo in the cargo tank will flow in the direction of the right bulkhead (the bulkhead near the starboard side in the cargo tank), resulting in the inside of the cargo tank. The liquid level of the left-hand cargo tank is lowered relative to the left-hand bulkhead (the bulkhead in the cargo tank near the port side), and the liquid level of the right-hand cargo in the cargo tank is raised relative to the right-hand bulkhead (the bulkhead in the cargo tank near the starboard side) is high, the volume of the left floating plate 6 immersed in the liquid cargo level decreases, the buoyancy of the left floating plate 6 in the liquid cargo decreases, and the buoyancy of the right floating plate 7 in the liquid cargo remains unchanged, so the left floating plate 6 will be under its own gravity. Under the action of the left guide rod 4, it moves to the direction of the cargo hold bilge, thereby pulling the rope 8 to move. The rope 8 will give a certain pulling force to the right floating plate 7, and the right floating plate 7 will move along the right The guide rod 5 moves toward the top of the cabin. During the movement of the left floating plate 6 and the right floating plate 7, the rope belt 8 will drive the pulley 901 to rotate, so that the generator 902 can generate electricity.

As shown in Figure 16, if the ship is inclined to the left during the voyage, the liquid level of the cargo in the cargo tank will flow in the direction of the left bulkhead (the bulkhead in the cargo tank close to the port side), causing the inside of the cargo tank to flow. The liquid level of the right-hand cargo is lowered relative to the right-hand bulkhead (the bulkhead in the cargo tank close to the starboard side), and the liquid level of the left-hand cargo in the cargo tank is raised relative to the left-hand bulkhead (the bulkhead in the cargo tank close to the port side) is high, the volume of the right floating plate 7 immersed in the liquid surface of the liquid cargo decreases, the buoyancy of the right floating plate 7 in the liquid cargo decreases, and the buoyancy of the left floating plate 6 in the liquid cargo remains unchanged, so the right floating plate 7 will be under its own gravity. Under the action of the right guide rod 5, it moves to the direction of the cargo hold bilge, thereby pulling the rope 8 to move. The rope 8 will give a certain pulling force to the left floating plate 6, and the left floating plate 6 will move along the left The guide rod 4 moves toward the top of the cabin. During the movement of the left floating plate 6 and the right floating plate 7, the rope belt 8 will drive the pulley 901 to rotate, so that the generator 902 can generate electricity. In fact, the left and right inclinations of the ship are often continuously alternated, so the device of the present invention can continuously generate electricity when the ship rolls.

Further, the present invention is preferentially used for tankers (oil tankers, liquefied gas tankers, liquid chemical tankers, etc.), usually tankers are generally larger in deadweight tonnage, have a large number of tankers on board, and the size of each tank is large, and each tank is large. One or two sets of the device of the present invention can be installed in each cargo tank, so that a large number of the devices of the present invention can be installed on the whole ship. When the tanker is swayed by wind and waves during the sailing process, the energy that can be recovered by the present invention is very huge. Yes, the power generation effect is good.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the implementation is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment. Several improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A power generation device for recovering the mechanical energy of liquid cargo in a tanker, characterized in that: the device comprises a track (1), a horizontal pulley (2), a vertical pulley (3), a left guide rod (4), a right guide rod (5), the left floating plate (6), the right floating plate (7), the rope (8) and the power generating device (9), in addition, a water sealing cover (10) is provided on the deck, the power generating device (9) ) including: pulley (901), generator (902), base fixed valve (903) and base (904), The left guide rod (4) is cylindrical, one end of which is fixed on the top of the cargo tank; the right guide rod (5) is the same as the left guide rod (4), one end of which is fixed on the top of the cargo tank, and the left guide rod is (4) and the right guide rod (5) are arranged symmetrically about the track (1), The left floating plate (6) is a rectangular plate, and a circular through hole is provided at the centroid of the rectangular surface of the left floating plate (6), and the circular through hole on the left floating plate (6) can pass through the left guide rod ( 4), the right floating plate (7) is the same as the left floating plate (6), and a circular through hole is provided at the centroid of the rectangular surface of the right floating plate (7). The through hole can pass the right guide rod (5), The base (904) is matched with the track (1) and can move along the track (1). The generator (902) is fixed on the base (904) and can move together with the base (904). (901) is connected with the rotating shaft of the generator (902) through a key, and the base fixing valve (903) is arranged on both sides of the base (904), By adjusting the base (904) in the power generating device (9), it moves along the track (1), and then pulls the rope (8) to move, so that the left floating plate (6) and the right floating plate (7) are just immersed in the liquid In the cargo, the upper surfaces of the left floating plate (6) and the right floating plate (7) are flush with the liquid level of the liquid cargo. A total of two ropes (8) are required, and one end of one rope (8) is connected to one side of the left floating plate (6), and the other end of the rope (8) can pass through the hole and pass through the track ( 1) The horizontal pulley (2) and the vertical pulley (3) on one side are wrapped on the pulley (901), and then pass through the vertical pulley (3) and the horizontal pulley (2) on the other side of the track (1). , connected to one side of the right floating plate (7) through the hole; one end of another rope (8) is connected to the other side of the left floating plate (6), and the other end of the rope (8) can pass through the hole , pass through the horizontal pulley (2) and vertical pulley (3) on one side of the track (1), wrap it on the pulley (901), and then pass through the vertical pulley (3) on the other side of the track (1), horizontal The pulley (2) is connected to the other side of the right floating plate (7) through the hole. 2. A power generation device for recovering the mechanical energy of liquid cargo in a tanker according to claim 1, characterized in that: the left floating plate (6) and the right floating plate (7) are made of non-metal light-weight materials. An elastic material is attached to the upper surface, and the average density of the left floating plate (6) and the right floating plate (7) is between 1 and 1.2 times the density of the liquid cargo carried. 3 . The power generation device for recovering the mechanical energy of liquid cargo in a tanker according to claim 1 , wherein the track ( 1 ) is arranged along the length of the ship and is fixed on the deck of the ship. 4 . 4. A power generation device for recovering the mechanical energy of liquid cargo in a tanker according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the left floating plate (6) and the right floating plate (7) is set to be t. In practical engineering applications, The value of t should not be greater than 10cm. 5. A power generation device for recovering the mechanical energy of liquid cargo in a tanker according to claim 1, characterized in that: the horizontal pulley (2) is fixed on the deck of the ship, the center line of the wheel body is parallel to the deck, and a total of Four said horizontal pulleys (2) are required, and the four horizontal pulleys (2) are connected in sequence to form a plane rectangle. The above-mentioned track (1) just bisects the plane rectangle, and the two horizontal pulleys (2) along the length of the ship The distance between them is equal to the length of the track (1). 6. A power generation device for recovering the mechanical energy of liquid cargo in a tanker according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vertical pulley (3) is fixed on the deck of the ship, and the center line of the wheel body is perpendicular to the deck, A total of four said vertical pulleys (3) are required, and the four vertical pulleys (3) are connected in sequence to form a plane rectangle, and the above-mentioned track (1) just bisects the plane rectangle, and the two vertical pulleys along the ship's length direction The distance between (3) is equal to the length of the track (1), and the distance between the two vertical pulleys (3) along the width of the ship is greater than the width of the track (1). 7 . The power generation device for recovering the mechanical energy of liquid cargo in a tanker according to claim 1 , wherein the water sealing cover ( 10 ) is fixed on the deck of the ship. 8 .

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