CN112946800A - Anti-counterfeiting structure and anti-counterfeiting method - Google Patents
Anti-counterfeiting structure and anti-counterfeiting method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 2
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- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
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- G02B5/1861—Reflection gratings characterised by their structure, e.g. step profile, contours of substrate or grooves, pitch variations, materials
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
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Abstract
一种防伪结构，包括基底、光栅层和保护层，光栅层设置在基底上，保护层设置在光栅层上，光栅层上设有用于产生非对称性衍射的光栅结构。本发明的防伪结构能实现在对称入射角度的情况下，衍射光的出射位置相同、亮度不同，具备明暗差别对比效果，起到防伪功效，并且结构简单、易于批量制造，成本较低。本发明还涉及一种防伪方法。
An anti-counterfeiting structure includes a substrate, a grating layer and a protective layer. The grating layer is arranged on the substrate, the protective layer is arranged on the grating layer, and the grating layer is provided with a grating structure for generating asymmetric diffraction. The anti-counterfeiting structure of the present invention can realize that under the condition of symmetrical incident angles, the diffracted light has the same exit position and different brightness, has the contrast effect of light and dark difference, and has the anti-counterfeiting effect. The invention also relates to an anti-counterfeiting method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of anti-counterfeiting, in particular to an anti-counterfeiting structure and an anti-counterfeiting method.
Background
The light interacts with the periodic nanometer structure on the surface of an object, the generated color is called as structural color, and the micro-nanometer structure forming the structural color causes optical phenomena of absorption, reflection or transmission and the like of partial wave bands in a visible light range through structural design and optimization, thereby forming the colorful color characteristic. The micro-nano structure forming the structural color has the advantages of good display degree, bright color, easiness in observation, difficulty in imitation and the like, and has important application value in display, imaging and anti-counterfeiting technologies.
The current structural color anti-counterfeiting technology mainly performs identification by researching the angular characteristics and spectral characteristics of the micro-nano structure, for example, different colors are watched at different watching angles or the same color is watched at different watching angles, namely, angle sensitivity and angle insensitivity. However, these structures usually use optical resonance principles to realize energy localization by means of covering a multilayer film system structure with a conventional rectangular grating. With the development of scientific technology, these anti-counterfeiting technologies gradually have unsafe characteristics and are easy to imitate. The anti-counterfeiting technology needs requirements of difficult copying and imitation, reasonable cost, easy inspection, high safety level and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anti-counterfeiting structure and an anti-counterfeiting method, which can realize the same emergent position and different brightness of diffracted light under the condition of symmetrical incident angles, have the contrast effect of light and shade difference, have the anti-counterfeiting effect, have simple structure, are easy to manufacture in batches and have lower cost.
The anti-counterfeiting structure comprises a substrate, a grating layer and a protective layer, wherein the grating layer is arranged on the substrate, the protective layer is arranged on the grating layer, and the grating layer is provided with a grating structure for generating asymmetric diffraction.
Furthermore, the refractive index of the grating layer is 1.3-1.8, the period of the grating structure is 350nm-1000nm, the depth is 100nm-800nm, and the duty ratio is 0.2-0.8.
Further, the grating structure includes a tilted grating, a blazed grating, a bulk grating, and a sinusoidal grating.
Further, the inclination angle of the inclined grating is 10-40 degrees.
Furthermore, the blazed angle of the blazed grating is 5-15 degrees.
Furthermore, one side of the protective layer adjacent to the grating structures comprises filling bulges, the filling bulges are positioned between the adjacent grating structures, and the height of the filling bulges is greater than the depth of the grating structures.
Furthermore, the refractive index of the protective layer is 1.3-1.7, and the visible light band transmittance of the protective layer is more than 80%.
Further, the material of the protective layer comprises one or more of titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide or silicon nitride.
Further, a dielectric layer is arranged between the grating layer and the protective layer.
Further, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 0-100nm, and the visible light band transmittance of the dielectric layer is greater than 80%.
Further, the dielectric layer is titanium dioxide.
The invention also provides an anti-counterfeiting method, which comprises the anti-counterfeiting structure, and the anti-counterfeiting method comprises the following steps:
providing a first substrate, forming a grating layer on the first substrate, and manufacturing a grating structure on the grating layer;
performing a film coating process on the surface of the grating structure to obtain a protective layer;
the same light source is emitted to one position of the grating structure from two different directions at the same incident angle, and after being diffracted by the grating structure, the diffracted light in one direction is brighter, and the diffracted light in the other direction is darker.
Further, after the grating structure is manufactured, a first film coating process is performed on the surface of the grating structure to obtain a dielectric layer, and then a second film coating process is performed to obtain a protective layer.
Further, the step of fabricating a grating structure on the grating layer includes:
providing a second substrate, spin-coating a photoresist on the second substrate, and performing interference exposure on the photoresist to obtain a grating structure;
and transferring the grating structure onto the grating layer.
The anti-counterfeiting structure comprises the grating layer, the grating layer is provided with the grating structure for generating asymmetric diffraction, when the same light source irradiates the grating structure from two different directions and with the same incident angle, the emergent positions of the diffracted light are the same and the brightness is different under the condition of symmetrical incident angles, the anti-counterfeiting structure has a contrast effect of light and shade difference, has an anti-counterfeiting effect, has the advantages of high safety level, high master plate imitation threshold, short-time prevention, simple structure, mass production, low cost and the like, and is beneficial to large-scale popularization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-counterfeiting structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diffraction diagram of the security structure of fig. 1 at symmetric incidence.
Fig. 3 is a diffraction efficiency plot for the symmetric incidence of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a security structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diffraction diagram of the security structure of fig. 4 at symmetric incidence.
Fig. 6 is a diffraction efficiency plot for the symmetric incidence of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a security structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a diffraction efficiency plot for the symmetric incidence of fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 10 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 11 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 12 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 13 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 14 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 15 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 16 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 17 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 18 is a diffraction efficiency plot for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 19 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 20 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 21 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 22 is a diffraction efficiency plot for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 4.
Fig. 23 is a diffraction efficiency plot for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 4.
Fig. 24 is a schematic view of a security device of the present invention applied to an identification card with light incident from the left side.
FIG. 25 is a schematic view of a security device of the present invention applied to an identification card with light incident from the right.
Fig. 26 is a schematic flow chart of the anti-counterfeiting method of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
First embodiment
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-counterfeiting structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the anti-counterfeit structure 10a includes a substrate 11, a grating layer 12, a medium layer 13, and a protective layer 14, where the grating layer 12 is disposed on the substrate 11, the grating layer 12 is provided with a grating structure 121a for generating asymmetric diffraction, the medium layer 13 is disposed on the grating structure 121a, the protective layer 14 is disposed on the medium layer 13, specifically, the medium layer 13 covers the grating structure 121a, and the protective layer 14 covers the medium layer 13. The material of the substrate 11 may be the same as that of the grating layer 12, or may be a material with a similar refractive index, for example, a material with a refractive index difference of ± 0.2. In the present embodiment, the grating structure 121a is an inclined grating, but the invention is not limited thereto, and for example, the grating structure 121a may also be a bulk grating and a sinusoidal grating, and more specifically, the inclined angle of the inclined grating is 10 ° to 40 °.
Specifically, an included angle is formed between the grating structure 121a and the horizontal plane of the grating layer 12, the period of the grating structure 121a is 350nm-1000nm, the depth is 100nm-800nm, the duty ratio is 0.2-0.8, and a gap exists between two adjacent grating structure ridges in the grating structure 121 a; the refractive index of the medium layer 13 is 1.4-2.5, the thickness is 0-100nm, the visible light band transmittance of the medium layer 13 is greater than 80%, the material of the medium layer 13 is a transparent material, preferably, the material is titanium dioxide, but not limited thereto; the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.3-1.7, the visible light band transmittance of the protective layer 14 is greater than 80%, the protective layer 14 includes a filling protrusion 141, that is, the entire thickness of the protective layer 14 is not uniform, the filling protrusion 141 is located between the grating ridges of two adjacent grating structures 121a, that is, the filling protrusion 141 eliminates a gap between the grating ridges of two adjacent grating structures 121a, specifically, the cross-section of the filling protrusion 141 is square, but not limited thereto. In this embodiment, the side of the protection layer 14 away from the dielectric layer 13 is a plane, which facilitates the subsequent continuous fabrication of the grating layer 12 and the dielectric layer 13 thereon, thereby forming a dual structure; the dielectric layer 13 can not only improve the light intensity and diffraction efficiency of the anti-counterfeiting structure 10a, but also improve the light-dark contrast of the anti-counterfeiting structure 10a, so that the display effect of the anti-counterfeiting structure 10a is more obvious.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diffraction diagram of the security structure of fig. 1 at symmetric incidence. As shown in fig. 2, in the case of the same light source, when the light source is symmetrically incident, i.e., the left and right incident angles are the same, the emission positions of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light and the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light are the same. The diffraction conditions of fig. 2 include: the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.5, the dielectric layer 13 is titanium dioxide, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 50nm, the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.5, the period of the grating structure 121a is 735nm, the duty ratio is 0.45, the depth is 500nm, and the inclination angle is 30 °. In this embodiment, by optimizing the specific parameters of the period, duty ratio, depth and inclination angle of the grating structure 121a, differentiation of diffraction efficiency can be achieved, that is, when human eyes are at the emergent position of the diffracted light, the diffracted light with different intensities can be observed through alternate symmetrical incidence, so as to form a light and shade alternate display effect and play a role in anti-counterfeiting. The period of the grating structure 121a can control the emitting angle of the diffracted light.
Fig. 3 is a diffraction efficiency plot for the symmetric incidence of fig. 2. As shown in fig. 3, the abscissa is the wavelength of the light source, the ordinate is the diffraction efficiency, the wavelengths of the left incident light and the right incident light are the same, and in the case of bilateral symmetry, the diffraction efficiency of the-1 st order diffracted light formed by coupling the left incident light is 9.4%, the diffraction efficiency of the 1 st order diffracted light formed by coupling the right incident light is 1.17%, and the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is about 8 times the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light. Because the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is higher than the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light, the brightness of the left diffraction light is higher than that of the right diffraction light, when human eyes are positioned at the emergent position of the diffraction light, the diffraction light with different intensities can be observed, the light and shade alternating display effect is formed, and the anti-counterfeiting function is achieved.
Second embodiment
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a security structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the structure of the forgery-preventing structure 10b of the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the forgery-preventing structure 10a of the first embodiment, and the grating structure 121b of the present embodiment is a blazed grating.
Specifically, the blazed grating has a triangular cross section, the filling protrusions 141 have a triangular cross section, and the blazed grating includes a blazed angle, preferably, the blazed angle is 5 to 15 degrees, the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.5, and the period is 735 nm; the thickness of the medium layer 13 is 58nm, the refractive index is 1.5, and preferably, the material of the medium layer 13 is titanium dioxide.
Fig. 5 is a diffraction diagram of the security structure of fig. 4 at symmetric incidence. As shown in fig. 5, in the case of the same light source, when the light source is symmetrically incident, i.e., the left and right incident angles are the same, the emission positions of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light and the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light are the same. In the implementation, by optimizing the specific parameters of the period and the blaze angle of the grating structure 121b, differentiation of diffraction efficiency can be realized, and in addition, the structure of the grating structure 121b is designed to be asymmetric, i.e., blazed grating, so that boundary conditions of left-side incidence and right-side incidence for exciting diffraction are different, which causes that-1-order diffraction efficiency of left-side incident light is different from 1-order diffraction efficiency of right-side incident light, when human eyes are located at the emergent position of diffracted light, diffracted light with different intensities can be observed, a light and shade alternative display effect is formed, and an anti-counterfeiting function is achieved.
Fig. 6 is a diffraction efficiency plot for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 5. In this implementation, the diffraction conditions of fig. 6 include: the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.5, the dielectric layer 13 is titanium dioxide, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 58nm, the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.5, the period of the grating structure 121b is 735nm, and the blaze angle is 10 °. As shown in fig. 6, in the case of bilateral symmetric incidence, the diffraction efficiency of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light is 18.5%, the diffraction efficiency of the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light is 3.0%, and the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is about 6 times of the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light, that is, when human eyes are at the diffraction exit position, the light is incident symmetrically and alternately, and the diffraction lights with different intensities can be observed, thereby forming the alternating light and dark display effect.
Third embodiment
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a security structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, the structure of the security structure 10c of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the security structure 10a of the first embodiment, except that the security structure 10c of this embodiment is not provided with the dielectric layer 13.
Specifically, the anti-counterfeiting structure 10c includes a substrate 11, a grating layer 12 and a protective layer 14, the grating layer 12 is disposed on the substrate 11, the protective layer 14 is disposed on the grating layer 12, and a grating structure 121a for generating asymmetric diffraction is disposed on the grating layer 12.
Fig. 8 is a diffraction efficiency plot for the symmetric incidence of fig. 7. In this implementation, the diffraction conditions of fig. 8 include: the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.5, the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.5, the period of the grating structure 121a is 735nm, the duty ratio is 0.45, the depth is 500nm, and the tilt angle is 30 °. As shown in fig. 8, in the case of bilateral symmetric incidence, the diffraction efficiency of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light is 1.93%, the diffraction efficiency of the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light is 0.39%, and the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is about 4.9 times of the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light, that is, when human eyes are at the diffraction exit position, the human eyes are incident alternately and symmetrically, and the diffraction lights with different intensities can be observed, thereby forming the alternating light and dark display effect.
Fourth embodiment
Fig. 9 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1. In this implementation, the diffraction conditions of fig. 9 include: the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.3, the dielectric layer 13 is titanium dioxide, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 50nm, the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.5, the period of the grating structure 121a is 735nm, the duty ratio is 0.45, the depth is 520nm, and the inclination angle is 22 °. As shown in fig. 9, in the case of bilateral symmetric incidence, the diffraction efficiency of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light is 26.8%, the diffraction efficiency of the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light is 0.77%, and the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is about 34 times of the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light, that is, when human eyes are at the diffraction exit position, the light is incident symmetrically and alternately, and the diffraction lights with different intensities can be observed, thereby forming the alternating light and dark display effect.
Fifth embodiment
Fig. 10 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1. In this implementation, the diffraction conditions of fig. 10 include: the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.8, the dielectric layer 13 is titanium dioxide, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 50nm, the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.5, the period of the grating structure 121a is 735nm, the duty ratio is 0.45, the depth is 520nm, and the inclination angle is 22 °. As shown in fig. 10, in the case of bilateral symmetric incidence, the diffraction efficiency of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light is 4.3%, the diffraction efficiency of the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light is 2.3%, and the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is about 1.8 times of the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light, that is, when human eyes are at the diffraction exit position, the human eyes are incident alternately and symmetrically, and the diffraction lights with different intensities can be observed, thereby forming the alternating light and dark display effect.
Sixth embodiment
Fig. 11 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1. In this implementation, the diffraction conditions of fig. 11 include: the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.5, the dielectric layer 13 is titanium dioxide, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 50nm, the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.5, the period of the grating structure 121a is 350nm, the duty ratio is 0.45, the depth is 520nm, and the inclination angle is 22 °. As shown in fig. 11, in the case of bilateral symmetric incidence, the diffraction efficiency of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light is 16.6%, the diffraction efficiency of the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light is 8.23%, and the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is about 2 times of the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light, that is, when human eyes are at the diffraction exit position, the light is incident symmetrically and alternately, and the diffraction lights with different intensities can be observed, thereby forming the alternating light and dark display effect.
Seventh embodiment
Fig. 12 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1. In this implementation, the diffraction conditions of fig. 12 include: the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.5, the dielectric layer 13 is titanium dioxide, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 50nm, the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.5, the period of the grating structure 121a is 1000nm, the duty ratio is 0.45, the depth is 520nm, and the inclination angle is 22 °. As shown in fig. 12, in the case of bilateral symmetric incidence, the diffraction efficiency of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light is 0.48%, the diffraction efficiency of the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light is 0.315%, and the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is about 1.5 times of the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light, that is, when human eyes are at the diffraction exit position, the human eyes are incident alternately and symmetrically, and the diffraction lights with different intensities can be observed, thereby forming the alternating light and dark display effect.
Eighth embodiment
Fig. 13 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1. In this implementation, the diffraction conditions of fig. 13 include: the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.5, the dielectric layer 13 is titanium dioxide, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 50nm, the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.5, the period of the grating structure 121a is 735nm, the duty ratio is 0.45, the depth is 100nm, and the inclination angle is 22 °. As shown in fig. 13, in the case of bilateral symmetric incidence, the diffraction efficiency of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light is 13.6%, the diffraction efficiency of the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light is 11.6%, and the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is about 1.17 times of the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light, that is, when human eyes are at the diffraction exit position, the human eyes are incident alternately and symmetrically, and the diffraction lights with different intensities can be observed, thereby forming the alternating light and dark display effect.
Ninth embodiment
Fig. 14 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1. In this implementation, the diffraction conditions of fig. 14 include: the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.5, the dielectric layer 13 is titanium dioxide, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 50nm, the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.5, the period of the grating structure 121a is 735nm, the duty ratio is 0.45, the depth is 800nm, and the inclination angle is 22 °. As shown in fig. 14, in the case of bilateral symmetric incidence, the diffraction efficiency of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light is 10.8%, the diffraction efficiency of the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light is 1.12%, and the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is about 9 times of the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light, that is, when human eyes are at the diffraction exit position, the light is incident symmetrically and alternately, and the diffraction lights with different intensities can be observed, thereby forming the alternating light and dark display effect.
Tenth embodiment
Fig. 15 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1. In this implementation, the diffraction conditions of fig. 15 include: the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.5, the dielectric layer 13 is titanium dioxide, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 50nm, the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.5, the period of the grating structure 121a is 735nm, the duty ratio is 0.2, the depth is 520nm, and the inclination angle is 22 °. As shown in fig. 15, in the case of bilateral symmetric incidence, the diffraction efficiency of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light is 15.9%, the diffraction efficiency of the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light is 7.32%, and the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is about 2 times of the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light, that is, when human eyes are at the diffraction exit position, the light is incident symmetrically and alternately, and the diffraction lights with different intensities can be observed, thereby forming the alternating light and dark display effect.
Eleventh embodiment
Fig. 16 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1. In this implementation, the diffraction conditions of fig. 16 include: the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.5, the dielectric layer 13 is titanium dioxide, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 50nm, the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.5, the period of the grating structure 121a is 735nm, the duty ratio is 0.8, the depth is 520nm, and the inclination angle is 22 °. As shown in fig. 16, in the case of bilateral symmetric incidence, the diffraction efficiency of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light is 6.79%, the diffraction efficiency of the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light is 4.99%, and the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is about 1.36 times of the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light, that is, when human eyes are at the diffraction exit position, the human eyes alternately and symmetrically enter, and the diffraction lights with different intensities can be observed, thereby forming the alternating light and dark display effect.
Twelfth embodiment
Fig. 17 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1. In this implementation, the diffraction conditions of fig. 17 include: the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.5, the dielectric layer 13 is titanium dioxide, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 50nm, the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.5, the period of the grating structure 121a is 735nm, the duty ratio is 0.45, the depth is 520nm, and the inclination angle is 10 °. As shown in fig. 17, in the case of bilateral symmetric incidence, the diffraction efficiency of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light is 27.16%, the diffraction efficiency of the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light is 12.59%, and the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is about 2 times of the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light, that is, when human eyes are at the diffraction exit position, the light is incident in an alternating symmetric manner, and the diffraction lights with different intensities can be observed, thereby forming the alternating light and dark display effect.
Thirteenth embodiment
Fig. 18 is a diffraction efficiency plot for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1. In this implementation, the diffraction conditions of fig. 18 include: the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.5, the dielectric layer 13 is titanium dioxide, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 50nm, the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.5, the period of the grating structure 121a is 735nm, the duty ratio is 0.45, the depth is 520nm, and the inclination angle is 40 °. As shown in fig. 18, in the case of bilateral symmetric incidence, the diffraction efficiency of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light is 16.01%, the diffraction efficiency of the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light is 9.17%, and the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is about 1.74 times of the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light, that is, when human eyes are at the diffraction exit position, the human eyes alternately and symmetrically enter, and the diffraction lights with different intensities can be observed, thereby forming the alternating light and dark display effect.
Fourteenth embodiment
Fig. 19 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1. In this implementation, the diffraction conditions of fig. 19 include: the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.5, the dielectric layer 13 is titanium dioxide, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 100nm, the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.5, the period of the grating structure 121a is 735nm, the duty ratio is 0.45, the depth is 520nm, and the inclination angle is 22 °. As shown in fig. 19, in the case of bilateral symmetric incidence, the diffraction efficiency of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light is 2.44%, the diffraction efficiency of the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light is 0.86%, and the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is about 2.83 times of the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light, that is, when human eyes are at the diffraction exit position, the human eyes alternately and symmetrically enter, and the diffraction lights with different intensities can be observed, thereby forming the alternating light and dark display effect.
Fifteenth embodiment
Fig. 20 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1. In this implementation, the diffraction conditions of fig. 20 include: the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.5, the dielectric layer 13 is titanium dioxide, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 50nm, the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.3, the period of the grating structure 121a is 735nm, the duty ratio is 0.45, the depth is 520nm, and the inclination angle is 22 °. As shown in fig. 20, in the case of bilateral symmetric incidence, the diffraction efficiency of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light is 11.7%, the diffraction efficiency of the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light is 3.86%, and the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is about 3 times of the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light, that is, when human eyes are at the diffraction exit position, the light is incident symmetrically and alternately, and the diffraction lights with different intensities can be observed, thereby forming the alternating light and dark display effect.
Sixteenth embodiment
Fig. 21 is a graph of diffraction efficiency for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 1. In this implementation, the diffraction conditions of fig. 21 include: the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.5, the dielectric layer 13 is titanium dioxide, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 50nm, the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.8, the period of the grating structure 121a is 735nm, the duty ratio is 0.45, the depth is 520nm, and the inclination angle is 22 °. As shown in fig. 21, in the case of bilateral symmetric incidence, the diffraction efficiency of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light is 2.53%, the diffraction efficiency of the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light is 0.81%, and the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is about 3 times of the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light, that is, when human eyes are at the diffraction exit position, the light is incident symmetrically and alternately, and the diffraction lights with different intensities can be observed, thereby forming the alternating light and dark display effect.
Seventeenth embodiment
Fig. 22 is a diffraction efficiency plot for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 4. In this implementation, the diffraction conditions of fig. 22 include: the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.5, the dielectric layer 13 is titanium dioxide, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 58nm, the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.5, the period of the grating structure 121b is 735nm, and the blaze angle is 7 °. As shown in fig. 22, in the case of bilateral symmetric incidence, the diffraction efficiency of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light is 12.5%, the diffraction efficiency of the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light is 0.29%, and the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is about 43 times of the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light, that is, when the human eye is at the diffraction exit position, the light is incident in an alternating symmetric manner, and the diffraction lights with different intensities can be observed, thereby forming the alternating light and dark display effect.
Eighteenth embodiment
Fig. 23 is a diffraction efficiency plot for symmetric incidence for the security structure of fig. 4. In this implementation, the diffraction conditions of fig. 23 include: the refractive index of the grating layer 12 is 1.5, the dielectric layer 13 is titanium dioxide, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 58nm, the refractive index of the protective layer 14 is 1.5, the period of the grating structure 121b is 735nm, and the blaze angle is 5 °. As shown in fig. 23, in the case of bilateral symmetric incidence, the diffraction efficiency of the-1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the left incident light is 5.55%, the diffraction efficiency of the 1 st order diffraction light formed by coupling the right incident light is 0.18%, and the-1 st order diffraction efficiency of the left incident light is about 30 times of the 1 st order diffraction efficiency of the right incident light, that is, when human eyes are at the diffraction exit position, the light is incident symmetrically and alternately, and the diffraction lights with different intensities can be observed, thereby forming the alternating light and dark display effect.
Fig. 24 is a schematic view of a security device of the present invention applied to an identification card with light incident from the left side. FIG. 25 is a schematic view of a security device of the present invention applied to an identification card with light incident from the right. As shown in fig. 24 and 25, the anti-counterfeiting structures 10a, 10b, 10c are attached to the surface of the identification card 20, when a light source is incident from the left side, the human eye 30 is positioned right above the identification card 20, and brighter pattern information can be observed; when a light source is incident from the right side, human eyes 30 are positioned right above the identification card 20, darker pattern information can be observed, and because the image color on the right side is darker than that on the left side, an obvious bright-dark alternative image can be observed, so that the anti-counterfeiting effect is achieved.
The invention also provides an anti-counterfeiting method, which applies the anti-counterfeiting structures 10a, 10b and 10c, and fig. 26 is a flow schematic diagram of the anti-counterfeiting method. As shown in fig. 26, the anti-counterfeiting method of the present invention comprises the steps of:
step S1, providing a first substrate, forming a grating layer 12 on the first substrate, and fabricating a grating structure on the grating layer 12; specifically, the step of fabricating the grating structure on the grating layer 12 includes: providing a second substrate, spin-coating a photoresist on the second substrate, and performing interference exposure on the photoresist to obtain a grating structure; the grating structure is transferred onto the grating layer 12.
Step S2, performing a coating process on the surface of the grating structure to obtain a protective layer 14; specifically, after the grating structure is manufactured, a first coating process is performed on the surface of the grating structure to obtain the dielectric layer 13, and then a second coating process is performed to obtain the protective layer 14.
Step S3, the same light source is emitted to one position of the grating structure from two different directions and with the same incident angle, and after being diffracted by the grating structure, the diffracted light in one direction is brighter and the diffracted light in the other direction is darker.
The anti-counterfeiting structures 10a, 10b and 10c comprise the grating layer 12, the grating layer 12 is provided with the grating structures 121a and 121b for generating asymmetric diffraction, when the same light source irradiates the grating structures 121a and 121b from two different directions and at the same incident angle, the emergent positions of the diffracted light are the same and the brightness is different under the condition of the symmetric incident angle, the anti-counterfeiting structures have the contrast effect of light and shade difference, have the anti-counterfeiting effect, have the advantages of high safety level, high master plate imitation threshold, short-time prevention incapability, simple structure, mass production, low cost and the like, and are beneficial to large-scale popularization.
In this document, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected to each other, indirectly connected to each other through an intermediate member, or connected to each other through the inside of two members. The specific meaning of the above terms can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
As used herein, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, including not only those elements listed, but also other elements not expressly listed.
As used herein, the ordinal adjectives "first", "second", etc., used to describe an element are merely to distinguish between similar elements and do not imply that the elements so described must be in a given sequence, either temporally, spatially, in ranking, or in any other manner.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (14)
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| CN201911261583.2A CN112946800A (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Anti-counterfeiting structure and anti-counterfeiting method |
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| CN113763801A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-07 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Anti-counterfeiting structure, preparation method and chip of anti-counterfeiting structure |
| CN115685553A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2023-02-03 | 舜宇奥来半导体光电(上海)有限公司 | diffractive optical waveguide structure |
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