CN112937366A - Battery charging method and device and vehicle - Google Patents
Battery charging method and device and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112937366A CN112937366A CN201911261718.5A CN201911261718A CN112937366A CN 112937366 A CN112937366 A CN 112937366A CN 201911261718 A CN201911261718 A CN 201911261718A CN 112937366 A CN112937366 A CN 112937366A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The disclosure relates to a battery charging method and device and a vehicle. The method comprises the following steps: when the power battery is charged, if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, the charging current is adjusted to the ith current value, the charging is carried out for the preset ith time length in a constant voltage charging mode, and until the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the Nth voltage interval, the charging current is adjusted to the Nth current value and the charging is carried out in a constant voltage charging mode, so that the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the cut-off voltage. The Nth voltage interval comprises the cut-off voltage of the power battery, the voltage of the next voltage interval is larger than the voltage of the previous voltage interval, the charging current of the next voltage interval is smaller than the charging current of the previous voltage interval, and i is an integer from 1 to N-1. By ensuring the charging time, the charging electric quantity of the battery is increased, and the more sufficient time is provided for the updating of the SOC, so that the SOC is more matched with the actual electric quantity of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of battery charging control, in particular to a battery charging method and device and a vehicle.
Background
With the increasing demand of people for energy conservation and environmental protection, pure electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles are gradually favored by users. In the pure electric vehicle and the hybrid vehicle, the power battery can provide driving force for the vehicle. The charging mode of the power battery comprises a quick charging mode and a slow charging mode.
Existing fast charge charging strategies may include a variety of. In one case, the battery is charged to the cut-off voltage by directly using a fixed current value, in this case, the amount of electricity charged to the terminal is small, the polarization of the battery is severe, and if the SOC value is low at this time, there is not enough time for correction, so that a jump is likely to occur or the SOC cannot be charged to 100%; another case is constant voltage charging at the end, which is usually done by constant voltage dropping when the cut-off voltage is reached, where the constant voltage time is usually longer, resulting in a longer charging time.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a reliable, practical battery charging method and device, vehicle.
In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a battery charging method, the method including:
when the power battery is charged, if the voltage of a single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value, and charging the power battery for a preset ith time length at a constant voltage;
if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the (i + 1) th voltage interval, the charging current is adjusted to be the (i + 1) th current value, and the (i + 1) th time length preset by constant voltage charging is kept until the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the (N) th voltage interval, the charging current is adjusted to be the (N) th current value and is charged at constant voltage, so that the voltage of the single battery of the power battery reaches the cut-off voltage, wherein the (N) th voltage interval comprises the cut-off voltage of the power battery, the voltage of the next voltage interval is greater than that of the previous voltage interval, the charging current of the next voltage interval is smaller than that of the previous voltage interval, and i is an integer from 1 to N-1.
Optionally, if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value, and charging for a predetermined ith time period with a constant voltage includes:
if the voltage of a single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value;
and if the pressure difference of the power battery is reduced to a preset ratio when charging is carried out for a preset detection time period at the ith current value, continuing charging at the ith current value for the ith time period.
Optionally, if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value, and charging for a predetermined ith time period with a constant voltage, further includes:
and if the power battery is charged for a preset detection time length by the ith current value and the reduction of the differential pressure of the power battery does not reach a preset ratio, reducing the charging current value so as to enable the reduced differential pressure of the power battery to reach the preset ratio when the detection time length is charged by the reduced charging current value.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
updating the ith current value by using the reduced charging current value in the ith voltage interval;
and storing the updated ith current value.
Optionally, if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value, and charging for a predetermined ith time period with a constant voltage includes:
and if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval and the voltage difference of the single battery in the power battery is greater than the preset voltage difference threshold value, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value and charging at constant voltage for the preset ith time.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
when a power battery is charged, if the voltage of a single battery in the power battery reaches an ith voltage interval, acquiring the temperature of the power battery;
and determining the ith current value according to the temperature of the power battery.
Optionally, if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value, and charging for a predetermined ith time period with a constant voltage includes:
if the voltage of a single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value to perform constant voltage charging;
and if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery exceeds the ith voltage interval and the charging does not reach the ith time length by the ith current value, adjusting the charging current value to maintain the voltage of the single battery in the power battery within the ith voltage interval until the charging time length within the ith voltage interval reaches the ith time length.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
determining a target SOC of the power battery according to the current voltage of a single battery in the power battery;
if the current SOC of the power battery is smaller than the target SOC, correcting the current SOC of the power battery to be the target SOC;
and if the current SOC of the power battery is larger than the target SOC, maintaining the current SOC of the power battery.
The present disclosure also provides a battery charging apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the first adjusting module is used for adjusting the charging current to the ith current value and charging the power battery for the preset ith time length in a constant voltage manner when the power battery is charged and if the voltage of a single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval;
and the second adjusting module is used for adjusting the charging current to be an i +1 current value if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches an i +1 voltage interval, and charging the single battery at constant voltage for a preset i +1 time period until the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches an Nth voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to be an Nth current value and charging the single battery at constant voltage so as to enable the voltage of the single battery of the power battery to reach a cut-off voltage, wherein the Nth voltage interval comprises the cut-off voltage of the power battery, the voltage of a later voltage interval is greater than the voltage of a former voltage interval, the charging current of the later voltage interval is less than the charging current of the former voltage interval, and i is an integer from 1 to N-1.
The present disclosure also provides a vehicle comprising a power cell and a controller for performing the steps of the above method provided by the present disclosure.
Through the technical scheme, the voltage at the charging tail end is divided into N intervals, the current reduction charging is carried out in the N intervals according to the charging current corresponding to each interval, and the charging is carried out for a corresponding time length in each interval. Therefore, on one hand, the electric quantity charged by the battery is increased by ensuring the charging time, the condition that the charging electric quantity of the battery is less due to the fact that the charging is too fast is avoided, on the other hand, the charging time is controlled integrally, sufficient time is provided for updating of the SOC of the battery, and the SOC of the battery is matched with the actual electric quantity of the battery.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a battery charging method provided by an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a battery charging method provided by another exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a battery charging apparatus provided in an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an electronic device shown in an exemplary embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
Some fast charge charging strategies are to trickle down at a terminal gradient, such as at a rate of 20A/s, which does not determine justification, e.g., what may not be done at low temperature charging. The inventor thinks that the terminal voltage can be divided into a plurality of intervals according to the voltage, corresponding current (reduced current) and constant voltage charging are adopted in each interval, the charging current of each interval can be determined in advance through experiments, so that the voltage difference of the battery during charging is reduced to be small enough, and the charging time is controlled integrally, so that enough correction time is provided for the low SOC, and the SOC is matched with the actual electric quantity.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a battery charging method according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the method may include the steps of:
step S11, when the power battery is charged, if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, the charging current is adjusted to the ith current value, and the power battery is charged at constant voltage for the predetermined ith time.
Step S12, if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the (i + 1) th voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the (i + 1) th current value, and charging at constant voltage for a preset (i + 1) th time period, until the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the Nth voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the Nth current value and charging at constant voltage, so that the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the cut-off voltage, wherein the Nth voltage interval comprises the cut-off voltage of the power battery, the voltage of the next voltage interval is greater than the voltage of the previous voltage interval, and the charging current of the next voltage interval is less than the charging current of the previous voltage interval, i is an integer from 1 to N-1, and N is at least greater than or equal to 2.
The method of the present disclosure is applied to a charging terminal, and the voltage of a unit cell at the charging terminal can be divided into a 1 st voltage interval to an Nth voltage interval. The voltage gradually increases from the 1 st voltage interval to the Nth voltage interval. For example, the voltage in the 1 st voltage interval may be a voltage greater than 90% SOC, for example, 4.1V to 4.12V. The voltages of two adjacent voltage intervals may be continuous. When N is 3, the 1 st to 3 rd voltage ranges may be 4.1V to 4.12V, 4.12V to 4.14V, 4.14V to 4.15V, and 4.15V is the cut-off voltage, respectively.
When the charging reaches the 1 st voltage interval, the charging voltage can be maintained and the charging current can be reduced, namely, the constant voltage current drop. The charging current in the latter voltage interval is smaller than the charging current in the previous voltage interval, that is, as the voltage increases, the charging current can be further reduced after each voltage interval is reached.
The voltage and the charging current corresponding to each voltage interval can be stored in advance, and when the voltage of the single battery is detected to reach a certain voltage interval, the corresponding charging current can be found in a table look-up mode. To prevent overcharge, the voltage of the unit cell may be the voltage of the highest voltage unit cell among the plurality of detected unit cells.
When the duration for which the voltage of a unit cell reaches a voltage interval reaches a predetermined duration (for example, 10s), it can be considered that the unit cell has reached the voltage interval.
At the end of charging, it is usually quick to charge, leads to the less condition of electric quantity of charging easily, guarantees the abundant of electric quantity of charging through guaranteeing sufficient charge time for every interval. The ith current value and the ith time period may be empirically or experimentally obtained and stored in advance. The ith time period refers to a time period required for charging in the ith voltage interval. If the voltage of the single battery reaches the upper limit of the ith voltage interval when the ith time period is less than, the voltage of the single battery can be maintained within the ith voltage interval while the single battery is charged by means of current reduction regulation.
Through the technical scheme, the voltage at the charging tail end is divided into N intervals, the current reduction charging is carried out in the N intervals according to the charging current corresponding to each interval, and the charging is carried out for a corresponding time length in each interval. Therefore, on one hand, the electric quantity charged by the battery is increased by ensuring the charging time, the condition that the charging electric quantity of the battery is less due to the fact that the charging is too fast is avoided, on the other hand, the charging time is controlled integrally, the charging time is provided for updating the SOC of the battery, the polarization of the battery is reduced, and the SOC of the battery is matched with the actual electric quantity of the battery better.
In order to make the magnitude of the ith current value determined to be appropriate, the magnitude can be measured by the voltage difference of the power battery. In another embodiment, on the basis of fig. 1, if the voltage of the battery cell in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, the step of adjusting the charging current to the ith current value and charging the battery cell for the predetermined ith time period at a constant voltage (step S11) may include:
if the voltage of a single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value; and if the pressure difference of the power battery is reduced to a preset ratio when charging is carried out for a preset detection time period at the ith current value, continuing charging at the ith current value for the ith time period.
The reduction of the power battery differential pressure reaching a predetermined ratio means that the ratio of the reduction of the power battery differential pressure to the original differential pressure (the differential pressure of the battery at the time of just starting charging at the ith current value) reaches a predetermined threshold value. The predetermined ratio may be, for example, 50%. The predetermined ratio, the predetermined detection period may be experimentally or empirically derived.
If the differential pressure of the power battery decreases at a predetermined rate when charging is performed at the ith current value for a predetermined detection time period (for example, 10ms), it is considered that a good differential pressure reduction effect can be achieved by decreasing the current to the ith current value, and the magnitude of the ith current value is appropriate, and at this time, charging at the ith current value can be continued.
In the embodiment, whether the magnitude of the ith current value is proper or not is measured according to the fact that the reduction of the differential pressure of the power battery reaches a preset ratio, and the ith current value is continuously applied to charging under the condition that the magnitude of the ith current value is determined to be proper, so that the differential pressure can be reduced to a certain degree while charging is carried out, the charging and the battery protection are facilitated, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
On the basis of the above embodiment, if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, the step of adjusting the charging current to the ith current value and charging the battery at a constant voltage for the predetermined ith time period may further include:
and if the reduction of the power battery differential pressure does not reach the preset ratio when charging is carried out for the preset detection time period at the ith current value, reducing the charging current value, so that the reduction of the power battery differential pressure reaches the preset ratio when the reduced charging current value is used for charging for the detection time period.
That is, according to the above-mentioned determination condition, when the charging is performed at the i-th current value for the predetermined detection time period, and the decrease of the power battery differential pressure does not reach the predetermined rate, it can be considered that the charging at the i-th current value cannot effectively decrease the battery differential pressure, and at this time, some adjustment may be made to further decrease the charging current, so as to achieve the aforementioned effect of effectively decreasing the battery differential pressure.
Specifically, the charging current may be decreased stepwise in predetermined steps, and when the decrease in the power battery differential pressure cannot be made to reach a predetermined ratio after a predetermined detection period after one decrease, the charging current may be decreased again until the decrease in the power battery differential pressure reaches the predetermined ratio.
When the charging current is decreased, the decrease in the voltage difference may be a decrease in the voltage difference with respect to the battery when charging at the i-th current value is just started. For example, the differential pressure of the battery when charging at the i-th current value is started is Δ V, and if the differential pressure reaches Δ V/2, it can be considered that the decrease in the differential pressure reaches a predetermined rate.
In the embodiment, the charging current can be further reduced, so that the voltage difference is reduced to a certain extent, the charging and the battery protection are facilitated, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
As mentioned above, the ith current value may be stored in advance, determined by table lookup, or updated continuously. In yet another embodiment, the method may further comprise: updating the ith current value by using the reduced charging current value in the ith voltage interval; and storing the updated ith current value.
In the above embodiment, if the ith current value cannot satisfy the condition that the decrease in the power battery voltage difference reaches the predetermined ratio when the charging reaches the detection time, the charging current is decreased, and if the decreased charging current is satisfied, it is considered that the decreased charging current is more suitable as the charging current value corresponding to the voltage interval, so that the stored ith current value corresponding to the ith voltage interval can be replaced with the decreased charging current value, and when the charging reaches the ith voltage interval next time, the replaced charging current is directly used as the ith current value for charging. Therefore, the pre-stored charging current can be adjusted in real time, so that the charging current can meet the preset requirement and the application is more flexible.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the down-flow of the charging terminal may be for reducing the pressure difference, and if the pressure difference is not too large, the charging may not be performed by the method of the present embodiment. In another embodiment, if the voltage of the unit battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, the step of adjusting the charging current to the ith current value and charging the battery for the predetermined ith time period at a constant voltage (step S11) may include: and if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval and the voltage difference of the single battery in the power battery is greater than the preset voltage difference threshold value, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value and charging at constant voltage for the preset ith time.
When the differential pressure is greater than a predetermined differential pressure threshold, it may be deemed desirable to reduce the differential pressure by down-flow charging, and when the differential pressure is less than the predetermined differential pressure threshold, it may be deemed undesirable to reduce the differential pressure by down-flow charging. The predetermined pressure differential threshold may be obtained experimentally or empirically, and may be 20mV, for example.
In the embodiment, the condition that the differential pressure is greater than the preset differential pressure threshold value is added, so that the current reduction at the charging tail end is carried out when the differential pressure needs to be reduced, and the beneficial effect of charging control is enhanced.
The previously stored ith current value may further include a plurality of current values corresponding to a plurality of battery temperatures. In a further embodiment, on the basis of fig. 1, the method may further comprise:
when the power battery is charged, if the voltage of a single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, acquiring the temperature of the power battery; and determining the ith current value according to the temperature of the power battery.
In the memory, different i-th current values corresponding to respective different temperatures may be stored. As shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
In the example of table 1, N is 3, and the 1 st to 3 rd voltage ranges are 4.1V to 4.12V, 4.12V to 4.14V, 4.14V to 4.15V, and 4.15V is the off-voltage, respectively. The 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd current values are I1, I2 and I3, respectively, at a battery temperature of T1, I1 ', I2 ' and I3 ', respectively, at a battery temperature of T2, and I1 ", I2", and I3 ", respectively, at a battery temperature of T3.
When the battery is charged, the temperature gradually rises, and the ith current value corresponding to different temperatures may be applied to different voltage intervals throughout the entire end of the battery charge. The data in table 1 can be obtained in advance according to experiments or experiences, so that the charging requirements are better met when charging is performed according to the data in the table, the charging current is related to the battery temperature, and the beneficial effect of charging control is further enhanced.
In another embodiment, on the basis of fig. 1, if the voltage of the battery cells in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, the step of adjusting the charging current to the ith current value and charging the battery cells for the predetermined ith time period at a constant voltage (step S11) may include:
if the voltage of a single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value to perform constant voltage charging; if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery exceeds the ith voltage interval and the charging with the ith current value does not reach the ith time length, adjusting the charging current value to maintain the voltage of the single battery in the power battery within the ith voltage interval until the charging time length within the ith voltage interval reaches the ith time length.
The charging current value can be adjusted according to the real-time feedback of the voltage of the single battery, so that the voltage of the single battery is maintained in the ith voltage interval, and the charging time reaches the ith duration. For example, when the voltage of the ith voltage interval is 4.1V to 4.12V, the ith time period is 5 minutes. If 4.12V has been reached when charging to 3 minutes at the i-th current value from 4.1V, the control decreases the charging current so that the voltage of the unit cell decreases or no longer increases while charging. When the voltage of the unit cell decreases to 4.11V, the control increases the charging current so that the voltage of the unit cell increases while charging. If the charging time length in the ith voltage interval reaches 5 minutes of the ith time length, the control of the charging current to follow the voltage change is stopped, for example, the charging current value can be returned to the ith current value again, the cell voltage reaches 4.12V quickly, and the charging control of the next voltage interval is continued.
In this embodiment, the voltage of the single battery can be maintained not to exceed the charging interval in a feedback manner, so as to control each charging interval to have sufficient charging time. By ensuring the charging time, the charging capacity of the battery is increased, and the situation that the charging capacity of the battery is less due to too fast charging is avoided.
Since the charging time is guaranteed, the time for updating the SOC of the battery is guaranteed. In yet another embodiment, the method further comprises:
determining a target SOC of the power battery according to the current voltage of a single battery in the power battery; if the current SOC of the power battery is smaller than the target SOC, correcting the current SOC of the power battery to be the target SOC; and if the current SOC of the power battery is larger than the target SOC, maintaining the current SOC of the power battery.
During charging, the current SOC of the battery can be corrected, if the current SOC is lower, a target SOC can be determined according to a certain speed ratio and corrected to be the target SOC; the current SOC is higher, the current SOC can be kept unchanged, the actual SOC can be waited for, and the higher SOC does not need to be pulled down again. Therefore, the number of times of controlling the jump of the SOC is reduced, the complexity is reduced, the program is simplified, and the general cognition of people is also met, because the charging is impossible to be more and less.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a battery charging method according to another exemplary embodiment. In the embodiment of fig. 2, the technical features of the above embodiments are combined. Where N is 3, the voltage intervals 1 to 3 are 4.1V to 4.12V, 4.12V to 4.14V, 4.14V to 4.15V, and 4.15V are cut-off voltages, respectively, and the current values 1 and 2 are both 5 min.
The present disclosure also provides a battery charging apparatus. Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a battery charging apparatus provided in an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 3, the battery charging apparatus 10 may include a first regulation module 11 and a second regulation module 12.
The first adjusting module 11 is configured to adjust the charging current to an ith current value and charge the charging current for a predetermined ith time period at a constant voltage when the power battery is charged and if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches an ith voltage interval.
The second adjusting module 12 is configured to adjust the charging current to an i +1 th current value if the voltage of the battery cell in the power battery reaches an i +1 th voltage interval, and charge the battery cell at a constant voltage for a predetermined i +1 th time period until the voltage of the battery cell in the power battery reaches an nth voltage interval, adjust the charging current to an nth current value and charge the battery cell at a constant voltage, so that the voltage of the battery cell in the power battery reaches a cut-off voltage, where the nth voltage interval includes the cut-off voltage of the power battery, the voltage of a subsequent voltage interval is greater than the voltage of a previous voltage interval, and the charging current of the subsequent voltage interval is smaller than the charging current of the previous voltage interval. Wherein i is an integer from 1 to N-1.
Optionally, the first adjusting module 11 may include a first adjusting submodule and a second adjusting submodule.
The first adjusting submodule is used for adjusting the charging current to an ith current value if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches an ith voltage interval.
The second adjusting submodule is used for continuing to charge at the ith current value for the ith time length if the reduction of the differential pressure of the power battery reaches the preset ratio when the charging is carried out at the ith current value for the preset detection time length.
Optionally, the first adjusting module 11 may further include a third adjusting submodule.
And the third adjusting submodule is used for reducing the charging current value if the reduction of the power battery differential pressure does not reach the preset ratio when charging is carried out for the preset detection time length by the ith current value, so that the reduction of the power battery differential pressure reaches the preset ratio when the reduced charging current value is used for charging for the detection time length.
Optionally, the apparatus 10 may further include an update module and a storage module.
The updating module is used for updating the ith current value by using the reduced charging current value in the ith voltage interval;
the storage module is used for storing the updated ith current value.
Optionally, the first adjusting module 11 may include a fourth adjusting submodule.
And the fourth adjusting submodule is used for adjusting the charging current to the ith current value and charging the charging current for the preset ith time length in a constant voltage mode if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval and the voltage difference of the single battery in the power battery is greater than the preset voltage difference threshold value.
Optionally, the apparatus 10 may further include an obtaining module and a first determining module.
The acquisition module is used for acquiring the temperature of the power battery if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval when the power battery is charged.
The first determining module is used for determining the ith current value according to the temperature of the power battery.
Optionally, the first adjusting module 11 may include a fifth adjusting sub-module and a sixth adjusting sub-module.
And the fifth adjusting submodule is used for adjusting the charging current to the ith current value to perform constant voltage charging if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval.
And the sixth adjusting submodule is used for adjusting the charging current value if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery exceeds the ith voltage interval and the charging time with the ith current value does not reach the ith time length so as to maintain the voltage of the single battery in the power battery within the ith voltage interval until the charging time length within the ith voltage interval reaches the ith time length.
Optionally, the apparatus 10 may further include a second determining module, a first correcting module, and a second correcting module.
The second determination module is used for determining the target SOC of the power battery according to the current voltage of the single battery in the power battery.
The first correction module is used for correcting the current SOC of the power battery to be the target SOC if the current SOC of the power battery is smaller than the target SOC.
The second correction module is used for maintaining the current SOC of the power battery if the current SOC of the power battery is larger than the target SOC.
With regard to the apparatus in the above-described embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs the operation has been described in detail in the embodiment related to the method, and will not be elaborated here.
Through the technical scheme, the voltage at the charging tail end is divided into N intervals, the current reduction charging is carried out in the N intervals according to the charging current corresponding to each interval, and the charging is carried out for a corresponding time length in each interval. Therefore, on one hand, the electric quantity charged by the battery is increased by ensuring the charging time, the condition that the charging electric quantity of the battery is less due to the fact that the charging is too fast is avoided, on the other hand, the charging time is controlled integrally, sufficient time is provided for updating of the SOC of the battery, and the SOC of the battery is matched with the actual electric quantity of the battery.
The present disclosure also provides an electronic device. The electronic device may include a memory and a processor. The memory has stored thereon a computer program. The processor is used to execute the computer program in the memory to implement the steps of the above-described method provided in the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device 400 according to an example embodiment. As shown in fig. 4, the electronic device 400 may include: a processor 401 and a memory 402. The electronic device 400 may also include one or more of a multimedia component 403, an input/output (I/O) interface 404, and a communications component 405.
The processor 401 is configured to control the overall operation of the electronic device 400, so as to complete all or part of the steps in the above-mentioned battery charging method. The memory 402 is used to store various types of data to support operation at the electronic device 400, such as instructions for any application or method operating on the electronic device 400 and application-related data, such as contact data, transmitted and received messages, pictures, audio, video, and so forth. The Memory 402 may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile Memory device or combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic Memory, flash Memory, magnetic disk or optical disk. The multimedia components 403 may include a screen and an audio component. Wherein the screen may be, for example, a touch screen and the audio component is used for outputting and/or inputting audio signals. For example, the audio component may include a microphone for receiving external audio signals. The received audio signal may further be stored in the memory 402 or transmitted through the communication component 405. The audio assembly also includes at least one speaker for outputting audio signals. The I/O interface 404 provides an interface between the processor 401 and other interface modules, such as a keyboard, mouse, buttons, etc. These buttons may be virtual buttons or physical buttons. The communication component 405 is used for wired or wireless communication between the electronic device 400 and other devices. Wireless Communication, such as Wi-Fi, bluetooth, Near Field Communication (NFC), 2G, 3G, 4G, NB-IOT, eMTC, or other 5G, etc., or a combination of one or more of them, which is not limited herein. The corresponding communication component 405 may therefore include: Wi-Fi module, Bluetooth module, NFC module, etc.
In an exemplary embodiment, the electronic Device 400 may be implemented by one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components for performing the above-described battery charging method.
In another exemplary embodiment, a computer readable storage medium comprising program instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the battery charging method described above is also provided. For example, the computer readable storage medium may be the memory 402 described above including program instructions that are executable by the processor 401 of the electronic device 400 to perform the battery charging method described above.
The present disclosure also provides a vehicle comprising a power cell and a controller for performing the steps of the above method provided by the present disclosure.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations will not be separately described in this disclosure.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A method of charging a battery, the method comprising:
when the power battery is charged, if the voltage of a single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value, and charging the power battery for a preset ith time length at a constant voltage;
if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the (i + 1) th voltage interval, the charging current is adjusted to be the (i + 1) th current value, and the (i + 1) th time length preset by constant voltage charging is kept until the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the (N) th voltage interval, the charging current is adjusted to be the (N) th current value and is charged at constant voltage, so that the voltage of the single battery of the power battery reaches the cut-off voltage, wherein the (N) th voltage interval comprises the cut-off voltage of the power battery, the voltage of the next voltage interval is greater than that of the previous voltage interval, the charging current of the next voltage interval is smaller than that of the previous voltage interval, and i is an integer from 1 to N-1.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value, and charging the battery for the predetermined ith time period at a constant voltage comprises:
if the voltage of a single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value;
and if the pressure difference of the power battery is reduced to a preset ratio when charging is carried out for a preset detection time period at the ith current value, continuing charging at the ith current value for the ith time period.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value, and charging the battery for the predetermined ith time period at a constant voltage, further comprising:
and if the power battery is charged for a preset detection time length by the ith current value and the reduction of the differential pressure of the power battery does not reach a preset ratio, reducing the charging current value so as to enable the reduced differential pressure of the power battery to reach the preset ratio when the detection time length is charged by the reduced charging current value.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
updating the ith current value by using the reduced charging current value in the ith voltage interval;
and storing the updated ith current value.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value, and charging the battery for the predetermined ith time period at a constant voltage comprises:
and if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval and the voltage difference of the single battery in the power battery is greater than the preset voltage difference threshold value, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value and charging at constant voltage for the preset ith time.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
when a power battery is charged, if the voltage of a single battery in the power battery reaches an ith voltage interval, acquiring the temperature of the power battery;
and determining the ith current value according to the temperature of the power battery.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value, and charging the battery for the predetermined ith time period at a constant voltage comprises:
if the voltage of a single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value to perform constant voltage charging;
and if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery exceeds the ith voltage interval and the charging does not reach the ith time length by the ith current value, adjusting the charging current value to maintain the voltage of the single battery in the power battery within the ith voltage interval until the charging time length within the ith voltage interval reaches the ith time length.
8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a target SOC of the power battery according to the current voltage of a single battery in the power battery;
if the current SOC of the power battery is smaller than the target SOC, correcting the current SOC of the power battery to be the target SOC;
and if the current SOC of the power battery is larger than the target SOC, maintaining the current SOC of the power battery.
9. A battery charging apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the first adjusting module is used for adjusting the charging current to the ith current value and charging the power battery for the preset ith time length in a constant voltage manner when the power battery is charged and if the voltage of a single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval;
and the second adjusting module is used for adjusting the charging current to be an i +1 current value if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches an i +1 voltage interval, and charging the single battery at constant voltage for a preset i +1 time period until the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches an Nth voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to be an Nth current value and charging the single battery at constant voltage so as to enable the voltage of the single battery of the power battery to reach a cut-off voltage, wherein the Nth voltage interval comprises the cut-off voltage of the power battery, the voltage of a later voltage interval is greater than the voltage of a former voltage interval, the charging current of the later voltage interval is less than the charging current of the former voltage interval, and i is an integer from 1 to N-1.
10. A vehicle comprising a power cell and a controller configured to perform the steps of the method of any of claims 1-8.
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| CN113553534A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-10-26 | 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 | Method and device for calculating quick charging remaining time, vehicle and storage medium |
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