CN112896306A - Steering hydraulic system and loader - Google Patents
Steering hydraulic system and loader Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112896306A CN112896306A CN202110324734.5A CN202110324734A CN112896306A CN 112896306 A CN112896306 A CN 112896306A CN 202110324734 A CN202110324734 A CN 202110324734A CN 112896306 A CN112896306 A CN 112896306A
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- steering
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- control valve
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 109
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
- B62D5/30—Safety devices, e.g. alternate emergency power supply or transmission means to ensure steering upon failure of the primary steering means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T11/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant
- B60T11/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
- B60T11/103—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic in combination with other control devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
- B62D5/062—Details, component parts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a steering system, aiming at solving the problems that the utilization rate of a steering emergency pump on the existing loader is low and the brake generates heat greatly; the steering hydraulic system comprises a steering control device, a steering pump, an emergency pump, a PTO assembly for driving the emergency pump and a control valve, wherein a pump port of the emergency pump is connected with a P oil port of the control valve; and when the brake and/or steering pump can not normally supply oil, the P oil port of the control valve is communicated with the O oil port, and when the brake does not act and the steering pump is normal, the P oil port of the control valve is communicated with the T oil port. When the emergency braking device is used for braking, the emergency pump and the steering system are used for performing auxiliary braking.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a steering hydraulic system, and more particularly, to a steering hydraulic system and a loader.
Background
The braking of a construction machine such as a loader is usually performed by a wheel-side brake, and during the braking, a brake disc and a friction plate rub to convert the traveling energy of the machine into heat energy. The brake generates a large amount of heat due to frequent braking operations during the operation of the construction machine.
On the other hand, in order to secure the steering oil of the loader, the steering system is provided with an emergency pump in addition to the steering pump, and when the steering pump fails to supply the steering oil due to a failure, the steering system is supplied with the oil by the emergency pump. When the steering pump works normally to provide steering oil, the pressure oil pumped by the emergency pump is unloaded through the oil way oil return tank. Because the probability of the steering pump failing is very low, the utilization rate of the steering oil provided by the emergency pump is also very low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the utilization rate of a steering emergency pump on the existing loader is low and the brake heating is large, and provides a steering hydraulic system and a loader.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: the steering hydraulic system is characterized by further comprising a PTO assembly and a control valve, wherein the PTO assembly is used for driving the emergency pump and is in rigid transmission connection with the transmission rear end of a gearbox in a walking transmission system; the control end of the valve core of the control valve is in associated connection with whether the steering pump supplies oil normally or not and whether the braking system brakes or not; and when the braking system does not brake and/or the steering pump can not normally supply oil to the steering control device, the P oil port of the control valve is communicated with the O oil port, and when the steering pump normally supplies oil to the steering control device, the P oil port of the control valve is communicated with the T oil port. In the invention, when a corresponding machine walks, the walking transmission system drives the emergency pump through the PTO component, and when the machine stops walking, the PTO component correspondingly stops driving the emergency pump. In the invention, when the machine normally walks, no braking action is performed, the steering pump normally works, and the steering pump can output required steering oil to the steering control device, the P oil port of the control valve is communicated with the T oil port, and oil output by the emergency pump flows to the hydraulic oil tank through the control valve. When the steering pump fails and cannot output required steering oil to the steering control device or the steering control device brakes mechanically, the P oil port and the O oil port of the control valve are communicated, and pressure oil output by the emergency pump flows to the steering control device through the control valve and is supplied to the steering control device for steering or high-pressure unloading from the steering control device. The pressure oil is used for steering or high-pressure unloading through the steering control device, so that more energy can be consumed, and the power absorbed by the emergency pump from the transmission system is increased, so that the aim of auxiliary braking is fulfilled, the braking strength of a brake in a braking system is reduced, and the heating value of the brake is reduced.
In the steering hydraulic system, one end of the control valve core is provided with a spring, and the PP oil port of the control valve core is communicated with the O oil port only under the action of the spring. One end of the valve core is provided with a spring, so that the P oil port and the O oil port of the control valve are communicated under a normal state, the control valve is automatically in a normal state when the machine is out of control, and pressure oil output by the emergency pump is used for steering.
In the above-mentioned hydraulic system that turns to, the O hydraulic port of control valve is connected with the oil feed end of first check valve, be provided with the second check valve on the pump port output oil way of steering pump, the end of producing oil of first check valve and the oil outlet end interconnect back of second check valve with turn to controlling means and be connected. The first check valve prevents pressure oil normally output by the steering pump from entering the control valve, and the second check valve prevents pressure oil output by the emergency pump from flowing to the steering pump.
In the steering hydraulic system, the control valve is an electromagnetic valve with a control end connected with the controller, the pump port of the steering pump is provided with a pressure sensor connected with the controller and used for detecting the pressure of the pump port of the steering pump, and the braking system is provided with a braking action detection device connected with the controller and used for detecting the braking action. The control valve can be an electromagnetic valve, the controller detects the state of the steering pump and whether the braking system has braking action or not through the pressure sensor and the braking action detection device, and the controller controls the control valve according to the detection result, so that the pressure oil output by the emergency pump directly flows back to the hydraulic oil tank or flows to the steering control device through the control valve.
In the above steering hydraulic system, the braking operation detecting device includes a pressure sensor connected to the controller for detecting a braking pressure of the service brake or an angle sensor for detecting a rotation angle of the brake pedal. When the brake system performs service braking, the brake valve outputs pressure oil or compressed air, and the pressure sensor detects the pressure at the output end of the brake valve, so that whether the brake system has braking action can be determined. Detecting whether the brake system has a braking action may also determine whether the brake system has a braking action by detecting whether the brake pedal is turned by an angle sensor.
In the steering hydraulic system, the braking operation detection device further includes an emergency stop brake switch connected to the controller for triggering emergency braking. The controller also directs the pressure oil output from the emergency pump to the steering control device during emergency braking.
In the steering hydraulic system, a radiator is connected between the T oil port of the control valve and the hydraulic oil tank.
In the steering hydraulic system, the steering control device may be a flow rate increasing valve or a steering gear. For most steering systems, the steering system comprises a flow amplifying valve, and a steering device controls the flow amplifying valve to realize the control of a steering oil cylinder. For a part of steering systems, a flow amplifying valve is not contained, a steering control device is a large-displacement steering gear, and the steering gear directly outputs steering pressure oil to a steering oil cylinder.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a loader is provided, which is characterized by comprising the steering hydraulic system. Further, the PTO assembly is arranged on a gearbox of the loader and is connected with an output shaft of the gearbox or is connected with a transmission shaft between the output end of the gearbox and a drive axle in the loader. The transmission rear end of the gearbox refers to an output shaft of the gearbox or a transmission shaft between the gearbox and the drive axle. PTO (power take-off), which is a power take-off.
Compared with the prior art, the emergency braking system has the advantages that the emergency pump and the steering system are utilized to perform auxiliary braking during braking.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the oil supply control of the loader steering system of the present invention.
Part names and serial numbers in the figure:
the device comprises a control valve 1, a first one-way valve 2, a flow amplifying valve 3, a PTO component 4, a radiator 5, a return oil filter 6, a hydraulic oil tank 7, an emergency pump 8, a controller 9, an electronic service brake pedal 10, an emergency brake switch 11, a steering pump 12, a pressure sensor 13 and a second one-way valve 14.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment.
The oil supply control schematic diagram of the steering system of the loader in the present embodiment is shown in fig. 1. The steering system comprises a control valve 1, a first one-way valve 2, a flow amplifying valve 3, a PTO assembly 4, a radiator 5, an oil return filter 6, a hydraulic oil tank 7, an emergency pump 8, a controller 9, an electronic service brake pedal 10, an emergency brake switch 11, a steering pump 12, a pressure sensor 13 and a second one-way valve 14.
The oil suction ports of the steering pump 12 and the emergency pump 8 are connected to the hydraulic oil tank 7, and draw oil from the hydraulic oil tank 7. The pump outlet oil path of the steering pump 12 is provided with a second one-way valve 14, and the oil outlet end of the second one-way valve 14 is connected with the pressure oil inlet end of the flow amplifying valve 3. Under normal conditions, the pressure oil output by the steering pump 12 is supplied to the flow amplifying valve 3 through the second one-way valve 14, and the flow amplifying valve 3 supplies oil to the steering oil cylinder under the control of the steering gear, so that the steering action is realized.
The control valve 1 is a two-position three-way valve, a P oil port of the control valve is connected with a pump port of the emergency pump 8, an O oil port of the control valve 1 is connected with an oil inlet end of the flow amplifying valve 3 through the first one-way valve 2, a T oil port is connected with the hydraulic oil tank 1 through the radiator 5, and return oil from the T oil port enters the hydraulic oil tank 7 after being filtered by the radiator 5 and the return oil filter 6. When the oil port P is communicated with the oil port O, hydraulic oil output by the emergency pump 8 flows to the flow amplifying valve 3 through the control valve 1 and the first one-way valve 2 for steering action, or overflows through the flow amplifying valve 3 and flows back to the hydraulic oil tank. When the oil port P of the control valve 1 is communicated with the oil port T, pressure oil output by the emergency pump 8 flows back to the hydraulic oil tank through the radiator 5 and the return oil filter 6.
The emergency pump 8 is driven by a PTO (power take-off) assembly 4, the PTO assembly 4 being mounted on the gearbox of the loader, connected to the output shaft of the gearbox. The PTO assembly 4 may also be in rigid drive connection with a drive component behind the drive path of the gearbox output shaft, for example a drive connection with a drive shaft between the drive axle and the gearbox output shaft. The PTO assembly 4 is in rigid transmission connection with the transmission rear end of a gearbox in the walking transmission system, the loader slides down a slope or walks under the inertia effect under the condition that an engine is flamed out or a clutch of the gearbox is disconnected to cut off power input, and the drive axle reversely drags through the transmission shaft to drive the PTO assembly 4 to rotate so as to drive the emergency pump to rotate.
The first control end S1 and the second control end S2 of the control valve 1 are electromagnetic control ends respectively connected with a controller, namely, electromagnetic acting force generated by the first control end S1 and the second control end S2 directly acts on the end part of the valve core of the control valve 1. The controller 9 outputs a control current to the first control end S1 or the second control end S2 to control the operating state of the control valve 1, so that the P port is connected to the O port or the P port is connected to the T port. The pump port of the steering pump 12 is provided with a pressure sensor 13 for detecting the pressure of the pump port, which is greater than a predetermined value when the steering pump 12 is operating normally. When the steering pump 12 fails, or the engine or the motor that drives the steering pump fails to drive the steering pump, the steering pump 12 cannot output the steering pressure oil, and the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 13 is lower than a predetermined value. The controller 8 determines whether the steering pump is operating normally based on the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 13.
When the loader is walking, the existing brake of the loader is usually a service brake, and emergency brake can be performed in an emergency situation. Service braking is performed by the driver stepping on the brake pedal, and emergency braking is performed by the driver touching the emergency brake switch 11. The emergency brake switch 11 is connected to the controller 9. The pedal of the service brake can be an electronic service brake pedal 10, the electronic service brake pedal 10 is connected with the controller 9, an angle sensor connected with the controller can be mounted on the brake pedal, and when the angle sensor detects that the brake pedal rotates, service braking can be considered to be carried out. Whether service braking action is available or not can also be detected by arranging a pressure sensor connected with the controller to detect the braking pressure of the braking system, and the service braking action can be determined when the braking pressure in a pipeline behind a brake valve is larger than a preset value.
In this embodiment, when the loader is walking, its walking transmission drives the emergency pump 8 through the PTO assembly 4, and when the loader stops walking, the PTO assembly 4 correspondingly stops driving the emergency pump. When the loader normally walks, no braking action is performed, the steering pump normally works, and the steering pump can output required steering oil to the flow amplifying valve, namely when the pressure detected by a pressure sensor arranged at a pump port of the steering pump is greater than a preset value and no braking action is detected, the controller 9 controls the control valve 1 through the first control end S1 of the control valve 1 to enable a P oil port and a T oil port of the control valve 1 to be communicated, oil output by the emergency pump 8 flows to the hydraulic oil tank 7 through the control valve 1, and due to the fact that the oil tank is low-pressure communicated, pressure oil output by the emergency pump 8 is unloaded at low pressure, energy consumed by the oil tank is less, and influence on a transmission system is less. When the steering pump 12 fails (including the failure of the engine or the motor for driving the steering pump) or the loader brakes (service braking is performed by stepping on the brake pedal or emergency braking is performed by engaging the emergency brake switch), the controller 9 controls the control valve 1 through the second control end S2 to enable the P port and the O port to be communicated, the pressure oil output by the emergency pump 8 flows to the flow amplifying valve through the control valve 1, and the flow amplifying valve is used for steering. The pressure oil is used for steering or high-pressure unloading through the flow amplifying valve, so that more energy can be consumed, and the power absorbed by the emergency pump 8 from the transmission system is increased, so that the purpose of auxiliary braking is achieved, the braking strength of a brake in the braking system is reduced, and the heating value of the brake is reduced.
Example two.
In the first embodiment, the control valve has two electromagnetic control ends. In the steering hydraulic system of the embodiment, the control valve is simplified on the basis of the steering hydraulic system of the first embodiment, that is, the control valve is simplified to have only one control end, for example, the first control end S1 or the second control end S2 is omitted. The following description will be given by taking only the first control end as an example: when the braking action is not available and the steering pump works normally, the controller enables the first control end of the control valve to be electrified to be positioned at the left position, the P oil port of the control valve is communicated with the T oil port, and the emergency pump oil directly returns to the oil tank. When the emergency brake valve has braking actions (including service braking and emergency braking), the controller enables the first control end of the control valve to be powered off, the control valve is located at the right position under the action of the spring, the P oil port is communicated with the T oil port, and pressure oil output by the emergency pump enters the flow amplifying valve to achieve the auxiliary braking function. When the steering pump fails (including the shutdown failure of an engine or a motor for driving the steering pump or the power failure of the whole machine), the control valve is positioned at the right position under the action of the spring, so that the emergency pump supplies oil to the flow amplifying valve in an emergency mode, and meanwhile, the auxiliary braking function is realized.
Example three.
The present embodiment is different from the first and second embodiments in that the control valve is a pilot operated valve. One end or two ends of the control valve are connected with a pressure oil source through a pipeline, an electromagnetic valve connected with a controller is arranged on the pipeline, the controller controls the on-off of the electromagnetic valve to control the pressure of the end part of the control valve, the control of the left position or the right position of the control valve is realized, and the functions of emergency oil supply steering and auxiliary braking of the emergency pump are realized.
Example four.
Compared with the first embodiment, the control valve in this embodiment is a pilot-controlled valve, and the first control end of the pilot-controlled valve is directly introduced into the pump port pressure of the steering pump for control, that is, on the basis of fig. 1, the first control end S1 is connected with the pump port of the steering pump through a pipeline, and a pressure reducing valve may be provided on the connecting pipeline if necessary. The second control end of the control valve is provided with a spring, and is also connected with a pressure oil source through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with an electromagnetic valve connected with the controller.
When the steering pump works normally, the electromagnetic valve of the second control end S2 is closed, the pressure of the pump port of the steering pump directly acts on the first control end of the control valve, or acts on the first control end of the control valve through the pressure reducing valve, so that the control valve works in the left position, and the pressure oil of the emergency pump directly returns to the oil tank. When the steering pump has oil supply failure, the control valve is in the right position under the action of the spring at the second control end, and the emergency pump supplies oil to the flow amplifying valve through the control valve. When the emergency pump has braking action, the controller enables the electromagnetic valve at the second control end to be opened, the hydraulic pressure at the second control end and the acting force of the spring are greater than the hydraulic pressure at the first control end, the control valve works at the right position, oil output by the emergency pump enters the flow amplifying valve, the steering system achieves an auxiliary braking function, and the heating value of a brake of the braking system is reduced.
Claims (10)
1. A steering hydraulic system comprises a steering control device, a hydraulic oil tank, a steering pump and an emergency pump, wherein an oil suction port of the steering pump and the emergency pump are connected with the hydraulic oil tank; the control end of the valve core of the control valve is connected with whether the steering pump normally supplies oil or not and whether the braking system brakes in a related manner or not, when the braking system brakes and/or the steering pump cannot normally supply oil to the steering control device, the oil port P and the oil port O of the control valve are communicated, and when the braking system does not brake and the steering pump normally supplies oil to the steering control device, the oil port P and the oil port T of the control valve are communicated.
2. The steering hydraulic system according to claim 1, characterized in that a spring is arranged at one end of the control valve spool, and the PP oil port of the control valve spool is communicated with the O oil port only under the action of the spring.
3. The steering hydraulic system according to claim 1, wherein the O oil port of the control valve is connected to the oil inlet end of a first check valve, a second check valve is disposed on the pump outlet oil path of the steering pump, and the oil outlet end of the first check valve and the oil outlet end of the second check valve are connected to each other and then connected to the steering control device.
4. The steering hydraulic system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the control valve is a solenoid valve having a control end connected to a controller, the pump port of the steering pump is provided with a pressure sensor connected to the controller for detecting the pump port pressure of the steering pump, and the brake system is provided with a brake actuation detection device connected to the controller for detecting a brake actuation.
5. Steering hydraulic system according to claim 4, characterized in that the braking action detection means comprise a pressure sensor connected to the controller for detecting the service brake pressure or an angle sensor for detecting the brake pedal turning angle.
6. The steering hydraulic system of claim 5, wherein the brake actuation detection means further comprises an emergency stop brake switch connected to the controller for triggering emergency braking.
7. The steering hydraulic system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a radiator is connected between the T oil port of the control valve and the hydraulic oil tank.
8. Steering hydraulic system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the steering control is a flow amplification valve.
9. A loader characterized by having a steering hydraulic system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The loader of claim 9 wherein the PTO assembly is disposed on the gearbox of the loader and coupled to the output shaft of the gearbox or the PTO assembly is coupled to a drive shaft of the loader between the output of the gearbox and the drive axle.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN202110324734.5A CN112896306A (en) | 2021-03-26 | 2021-03-26 | Steering hydraulic system and loader |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN202110324734.5A CN112896306A (en) | 2021-03-26 | 2021-03-26 | Steering hydraulic system and loader |
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CN112896306A true CN112896306A (en) | 2021-06-04 |
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CN202110324734.5A Pending CN112896306A (en) | 2021-03-26 | 2021-03-26 | Steering hydraulic system and loader |
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Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20010020557A1 (en) * | 2000-03-07 | 2001-09-13 | Svend Giversen | Method and hydraulic steering arrangement for emergency steering with a steering handwheel |
CN102050143A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-05-11 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | Truck crane and steering control device thereof |
CN102094855A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-06-15 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | Wheel type engineering machinery hydraulic control system and wheeled crane applying same |
CN102358182A (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2012-02-22 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | Emergency steering pump drive device and hoister applied by same |
CN102815335A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-12 | 三一矿机有限公司 | Steering and braking integrated control system and mineral dumper |
CN103264725A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-08-28 | 安徽合力股份有限公司 | Safe steering system of heavy forklift |
CN104742964A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2015-07-01 | 湖北万山宏业汽车零部件有限公司 | Emergent steering system for engineering machinery |
CN109334759A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-02-15 | 山东蓬翔汽车有限公司 | A kind of hydraulic system of wide dumper |
-
2021
- 2021-03-26 CN CN202110324734.5A patent/CN112896306A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20010020557A1 (en) * | 2000-03-07 | 2001-09-13 | Svend Giversen | Method and hydraulic steering arrangement for emergency steering with a steering handwheel |
CN102050143A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-05-11 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | Truck crane and steering control device thereof |
CN102094855A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-06-15 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | Wheel type engineering machinery hydraulic control system and wheeled crane applying same |
CN102358182A (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2012-02-22 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | Emergency steering pump drive device and hoister applied by same |
CN102815335A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-12 | 三一矿机有限公司 | Steering and braking integrated control system and mineral dumper |
CN103264725A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-08-28 | 安徽合力股份有限公司 | Safe steering system of heavy forklift |
CN104742964A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2015-07-01 | 湖北万山宏业汽车零部件有限公司 | Emergent steering system for engineering machinery |
CN109334759A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-02-15 | 山东蓬翔汽车有限公司 | A kind of hydraulic system of wide dumper |
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