CN112886195A - Antenna structure and thing networking device suitable for 5G thing networking device - Google Patents
Antenna structure and thing networking device suitable for 5G thing networking device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112886195A CN112886195A CN202110035042.9A CN202110035042A CN112886195A CN 112886195 A CN112886195 A CN 112886195A CN 202110035042 A CN202110035042 A CN 202110035042A CN 112886195 A CN112886195 A CN 112886195A
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- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 title claims description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- PEZNEXFPRSOYPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)OI(OC(=O)C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=CC=C1 PEZNEXFPRSOYPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010267 cellular communication Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses an antenna structure suitable for 5G Internet of things equipment and the Internet of things equipment, wherein the antenna structure comprises a PCB (printed Circuit Board), an antenna radiating body, a grounding connecting piece and a feed connecting piece, wherein the antenna radiating body is provided with a grounding point and a feed point; the antenna radiator is arranged above the PCB, the grounding point is connected with the PCB through the grounding connecting piece, and the feeding point is electrically connected with the PCB through the feeding connecting piece; the antenna radiator comprises a first radiation branch and a second radiation branch which are connected, the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are respectively positioned on two sides of the grounding point and the feeding point, and the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are arranged asymmetrically; the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch are different in length and width. The invention can obtain better bandwidth coverage and good antenna performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to an antenna structure suitable for 5G Internet of things equipment and the Internet of things equipment.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of the internet of things, the communication technology of the internet of things is also greatly improved. NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things) is one of the latest Internet of Things technologies, which is a new Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) technology proposed in 3GPP standards organization by 2015 and 9 months. Compared with the traditional 2G, 3G and 4G cellular communication technologies such as GSM, CDMA, WCDMA and LTE, the NB-IoT can realize massive access and ultralow power consumption and cost, and meanwhile, the NB-IoT system can carry out deep coverage and realize very strong penetrability, can be co-sited with the existing mobile communication system, reduces the load on the tower top, has obvious advantages in the fifth-generation mobile communication and can meet the communication requirement of the wide-area Internet of things. Nowadays, NB-IoT has wide applications in intelligent meter reading, animal husbandry management, well lid monitoring, smart home and intelligent tracking and positioning, and relevant research on NB-IoT inevitably becomes a research hotspot in the communication field.
In the application of 5G communication, a new and important application scenario is large-scale internet of things device interconnection, so that the actual application scenario of NB-IoT is becoming more and more extensive. Meanwhile, the requirements of energy conservation, environmental protection and sustainable development are provided in the 5G communication system. The antenna is an important part of the internet of things equipment transceiving system, the performance of the antenna has very important influence on the communication performance of the whole system, so that the design of a proper ultra-wideband antenna is also a requirement of the internet of things system, and the antenna is greatly helpful for improving the spectrum utilization rate of the internet of things system. In addition, for small-sized internet of things devices, the difficulty of antenna design is fundamentally greatly increased by the structural size of the small-sized internet of things devices from the aspects of frequency band, bandwidth and antenna radiation performance. Therefore, the ultra-wideband antenna suitable for the terminal of the Internet of things is designed, and the method has important practical significance for improving the stability and the communication quality of the Internet of things system.
Generally, in a conventional antenna design, in order to increase the bandwidth coverage of the antenna, some rf devices (such as an adjustable capacitor chip or an rf switch chip) and their corresponding peripheral matching circuits are applied in an antenna system. The introduction of components and parts can increase the cost of an antenna system, the cost of raw materials for production and the cost of process procedures, and a corresponding space needs to be reserved in a PCB for placing an additional radio frequency chip and a peripheral circuit, so that the difficulty of circuit design of the whole product is increased, and the original PCB design with a compact structure becomes more troublesome.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the antenna structure suitable for the 5G Internet of things equipment and the Internet of things equipment are provided, and a wide bandwidth coverage range can be realized.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an antenna structure suitable for 5G Internet of things equipment comprises a PCB (printed Circuit Board), an antenna radiating body, a grounding connecting piece and a feed connecting piece, wherein the antenna radiating body is provided with a grounding point and a feed point; the antenna radiator is arranged above the PCB, the grounding point is connected with the PCB through the grounding connecting piece, and the feeding point is electrically connected with the PCB through the feeding connecting piece; the antenna radiator comprises a first radiation branch and a second radiation branch which are connected, the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are respectively positioned on two sides of the grounding point and the feeding point, and the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are arranged asymmetrically; the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch are different in length and width.
The invention also provides the Internet of things equipment, which comprises the antenna structure suitable for the 5G Internet of things equipment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the antenna radiator comprises two radiation branches with asymmetric structures which are connected, and each radiation branch can directly generate a resonance, so that two resonances with different central frequencies can be generated when feed excitation is carried out, double-frequency coverage is realized, and the aim of widening the working frequency bandwidth is fulfilled; the radiation branches can be randomly changed along with the actual utilization space, so that the space utilization maximization is realized; meanwhile, the device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and the like. The invention only takes the antenna as the only radiation device, and can obtain better bandwidth coverage and good antenna performance without the assistance of an additional radio frequency chip.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure suitable for a 5G internet of things device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of an antenna radiator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a simulation result of return loss of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a current distribution diagram of an antenna operating at 820MHz when fed with power according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a current distribution diagram of the antenna operating at 930MHz when feeding excitation is performed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating the total radiation efficiency of the antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
100. a housing; 1. a PCB board; 2. an antenna radiator; 3. a ground connection; 4. a feed connection; 5. a ground point; 6. a feed point; 7. a metal component;
21. a first radiating branch; 22. a second radiating branch;
201. a first branch; 202. a second branch; 203. a first slit; 204. a second slit; 205. and a third slit.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, an antenna structure suitable for a 5G internet of things device is characterized by comprising a PCB, an antenna radiator, a ground connector and a feed connector, wherein the antenna radiator is provided with a ground point and a feed point; the antenna radiator is arranged above the PCB, the grounding point is connected with the PCB through the grounding connecting piece, and the feeding point is electrically connected with the PCB through the feeding connecting piece; the antenna radiator comprises a first radiation branch and a second radiation branch which are connected, the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are respectively positioned on two sides of the grounding point and the feeding point, and the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are arranged asymmetrically; the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch are different in length and width.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: better bandwidth coverage and good antenna performance can be obtained without the assistance of an additional radio frequency chip.
Further, the antenna radiator is parallel to the PCB.
Further, the power supply device also comprises a matching circuit, and the matching circuit is connected with the feeding point.
Furthermore, a grounding layer is arranged on the PCB, and the grounding point is connected with the grounding layer on the PCB through the grounding connecting piece.
Furthermore, a metal component is arranged on the PCB, and the projection of the antenna radiator on the PCB is not overlapped with the metal component.
As can be seen from the above description, since the electromagnetic wave cannot penetrate through the metal, the performance of the antenna can be prevented from being interfered by some larger metal parts.
Furthermore, the grounding connecting piece is a metal elastic piece.
Further, the height of the antenna radiator from the PCB board is 4.5 mm.
The invention also provides the Internet of things equipment, which comprises the antenna structure suitable for the 5G Internet of things equipment.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a first embodiment of the present invention is: the utility model provides an antenna structure, is applicable to the small-size thing networking device of 5G, as shown in fig. 1, antenna structure sets up in equipment shell 100, antenna structure includes PCB board 1, antenna radiator 2, ground connection connecting piece 3 and feed connecting piece 4, antenna radiator 2 set up in the top of PCB board 1, and with PCB board 1 is parallel. The antenna radiator 2 is provided with a grounding point 5 and a feeding point 6; the grounding point 5 is connected with the PCB board 1 through the grounding connector 3, and further connected with a grounding layer (not shown in the figure) on the PCB board 1; the feeding point 6 is electrically connected with the PCB board 1 through the feeding connection member 4.
Preferably, the grounding connector is a metal elastic sheet. The feed connector may be an antenna thimble or a feed line. Further, a matching circuit (not shown) is included, and the matching circuit is connected to the feeding point.
The antenna radiator 2 includes a first radiation branch 21 and a second radiation branch 22 connected to each other, the first radiation branch 21 and the second radiation branch 22 are respectively located at two sides of the grounding point 5 and the feeding point 6, and the first radiation branch 21 and the second radiation branch 22 are asymmetrically arranged. The first and second radiating branches 21 and 22 are different in length and width.
That is, in order to realize a good antenna communication function in a limited space range, the present embodiment adopts an asymmetric PIFA antenna design. Two sides with the feed point and the grounding point as central axes are two radiation branches with different lengths and widths, and each radiation branch directly generates a resonance, so that two resonances with different central frequencies can be generated during feed excitation, and double-frequency coverage is realized. The asymmetrical form has the advantages that the short circuit branch (grounding connecting piece) and the feed branch (feed connecting piece) can be randomly placed at any position of the PCB, and the radiation branch can be randomly changed along with the actual utilization space, so that the space utilization maximization is realized. Because the two radiation branches are far away from each other, the two radiation branches have good isolation, and cannot directly influence and interfere with each other in the debugging process. By adjusting the length, width and form of each radiation branch, the performance requirements for covering different frequency bands can be met quickly.
In addition, in the design of the PCB, a large component, such as a shielding case, may greatly affect the performance of the antenna, and this embodiment may more flexibly satisfy the performance index by independently debugging the radiation branch, and may also maximally utilize the space to cover different frequency bands. The length, width and shape of the radiator of the antenna are all related to the operating frequency and impedance of the antenna, and when the length or width changes, the resonance generated by the antenna will shift accordingly. And varies with the position of components in the PCB, such as large metal parts like the shield can, to obtain good antenna performance.
In this embodiment, the projection of the antenna radiator 2 on the PCB board 1 is not overlapped with the metal component 7 on the PCB board 1. Since electromagnetic waves cannot penetrate metal, the performance of the antenna can be prevented from being interfered by the electromagnetic waves by avoiding some larger metal parts.
As can be seen from the above description, the antenna structure of this embodiment can achieve a wide bandwidth coverage by generating dual resonance in a certain frequency band. The present embodiment is not only suitable for low frequencies, but since low frequencies are more difficult to reach a wider frequency band in the case of a small body, the following description will take simulation 790 and 960MHz as an example.
As shown in fig. 2, the first radiation branch 21 includes a first branch 201 and a second branch 202, the first branch 201 is in a long bar shape, and the second branch 202 is in an inverted U shape; one end of the first branch 201 is connected to a feeding point 6 and a grounding point 5, and the other end of the first branch 201 is connected to one end of the second branch 202.
A first slit 203 and a second slit 204 are arranged on the second radiation branch 22, the first slit 203 is eta-shaped, and the second slit 204 is inverted-L-shaped; one end of the second slit 204 is connected to one end of the first slit 203, and the other end of the second slit 204 extends to the edge of the second radiation branch 22.
The antenna radiator 2 further includes a third slot 205, and the third slot 205 is in a step shape; the third slot 205 is located between the ground point 5 and the feeding point 6, and one end of the third slot 205 is connected to the second slot 204.
The main dimensions of the simulated Internet of things equipment are as follows, the length of an equipment shell is 72mm, the width is 37mm, and the thickness is 21 mm; the size of the PCB plate is about 64mm multiplied by 30 mm; the height of the antenna radiator from the PCB board is 4.5 mm.
Fig. 3 is a simulation result of return loss, and it can be seen from the diagram that the antenna generates a resonance in the frequency ranges of 800MHz and 900MHz, respectively, that is, the working frequency range that the antenna can cover is 791-960MHz, which meets the coverage range of the antenna frequency range of the internet of things device. Compared with the traditional antenna design scheme, the antenna design scheme adopts the design in an asymmetric form, realizes double resonance at the working frequency band, and increases the bandwidth coverage of the antenna.
Fig. 4 and 5 are current distribution diagrams of 820MHz and 930MHz, respectively, of the antenna when performing feed excitation, and it can be seen from the diagrams that the current loop formed on the first radiating branch is mainly used for covering 800MHz frequency band, and the current loop formed on the second radiating branch is mainly used for covering 900MHz frequency band.
Fig. 6 shows the total radiation efficiency of the antenna, and it can be seen that the antenna structure exhibits good radiation efficiency.
As can be seen from the simulation results, the present embodiment can meet the antenna design requirements of small-sized internet of things devices, and can achieve the ultra-wideband coverage of the antenna and exhibit good radiation performance.
In conventional antennas, the low frequency band is generally free of dual resonance. In general, in a poor environment of the device, a single resonance is not sufficient to cover a bandwidth of a low frequency. In order to make the bandwidth of the antenna cover multiple frequency bands as much as possible, a common usage means is to use a radio frequency switch chip or an adjustable capacitor chip and cooperate with a corresponding matching circuit to move a single resonance to realize the bandwidth coverage of the low frequency band. In the embodiment, by arranging the two radiation branches in an asymmetric form, double resonance can be realized at a low frequency band, an effect similar to that of a radio frequency switch chip or an adjustable capacitor chip is achieved, and the purpose of widening the working frequency bandwidth is achieved.
In summary, the antenna structure and the internet of things device provided by the invention are suitable for a 5G internet of things device, wherein an antenna radiator comprises two radiation branches with asymmetric structures, and each radiation branch can directly generate a resonance, so that two resonances with different center frequencies can be generated during feed excitation, dual-frequency coverage is realized, and the purpose of widening the working frequency bandwidth is achieved; the radiation branches can be randomly changed along with the actual utilization space, so that the space utilization maximization is realized; meanwhile, the device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost (including material cost, production process cost and the like) and the like. The invention only takes the antenna as the only radiation device, and can obtain better bandwidth coverage and good antenna performance without the assistance of an additional radio frequency chip.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An antenna structure suitable for 5G Internet of things equipment is characterized by comprising a PCB (printed Circuit Board), an antenna radiator, a grounding connecting piece and a feed connecting piece, wherein the antenna radiator is provided with a grounding point and a feed point; the antenna radiator is arranged above the PCB, the grounding point is connected with the PCB through the grounding connecting piece, and the feeding point is electrically connected with the PCB through the feeding connecting piece; the antenna radiator comprises a first radiation branch and a second radiation branch which are connected, the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are respectively positioned on two sides of the grounding point and the feeding point, and the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are arranged asymmetrically; the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch are different in length and width.
2. The antenna structure suitable for 5G Internet of things (IoT) equipment according to claim 1, wherein the antenna radiator is parallel to the PCB board.
3. The antenna structure suitable for 5G IOT equipment according to claim 1, further comprising a matching circuit connected with the feeding point.
4. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the PCB board has a ground layer thereon, and the ground point is connected to the ground layer on the PCB board through the ground connector.
5. The antenna structure suitable for 5G thing networking device of claim 1, characterized in that, be equipped with metal components and parts on the PCB board, the antenna radiator projection is on the PCB board and does not overlap with metal components and parts.
6. The antenna structure suitable for 5G Internet of things equipment according to claim 1, wherein the grounding connecting piece is a metal elastic piece.
7. The antenna structure suitable for 5G thing networking device of claim 1, characterized in that, the antenna radiator is 4.5mm apart from the height of PCB board.
8. An internet of things device, comprising the antenna structure suitable for the 5G internet of things device as claimed in any one of claims 1-7.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110035042.9A CN112886195B (en) | 2021-01-12 | 2021-01-12 | Antenna structure suitable for 5G internet of things equipment and internet of things equipment |
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| CN202110035042.9A CN112886195B (en) | 2021-01-12 | 2021-01-12 | Antenna structure suitable for 5G internet of things equipment and internet of things equipment |
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| CN112886195A true CN112886195A (en) | 2021-06-01 |
| CN112886195B CN112886195B (en) | 2023-12-19 |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113871866A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-31 | 许昌许继软件技术有限公司 | A PCB board antenna |
| CN118569197A (en) * | 2024-05-16 | 2024-08-30 | 深圳凯鸿欣电子科技有限公司 | 5G energy storage type circuit board and preparation process thereof |
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| CN118569197A (en) * | 2024-05-16 | 2024-08-30 | 深圳凯鸿欣电子科技有限公司 | 5G energy storage type circuit board and preparation process thereof |
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| CN112886195B (en) | 2023-12-19 |
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