CN112876311B - Crop foliar fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Crop foliar fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112876311B CN112876311B CN202110168948.8A CN202110168948A CN112876311B CN 112876311 B CN112876311 B CN 112876311B CN 202110168948 A CN202110168948 A CN 202110168948A CN 112876311 B CN112876311 B CN 112876311B
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- NWBJYWHLCVSVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-benzyladenine Chemical compound N=1C=NC=2NC=NC=2C=1NCC1=CC=CC=C1 NWBJYWHLCVSVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 235000005340 Asparagus officinalis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229940094952 green tea extract Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 235000020688 green tea extract Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000234427 Asparagus Species 0.000 claims description 45
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
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- RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Chemical compound CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N=CN2C RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N (+)-catechin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000003934 Abelmoschus esculentus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocaffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N(C)C=N2 LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
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- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
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- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010692 aromatic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002363 auxin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001948 caffeine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1C=CN2C VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000152 carbamate pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechin Natural products OC1Cc2cc(O)cc(O)c2OC1c3ccc(O)c(O)c3 ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005487 catechin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical group C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229950001002 cianidanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003630 growth substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000002728 pyrethroid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a crop foliar fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the crop foliar fertilizer comprises the following components, by weight, 300-1000 parts of bamboo vinegar; 5-50 parts of 6-benzylaminopurine; 20-100 parts of asparagus extract; 20-100 parts of green tea extract; 5-50 parts of organic silicon. According to the invention, through the mutual synergistic effect of the components, the content of functional components such as total flavonoids or polysaccharides is remarkably improved, and meanwhile, the pesticide residue on crops is remarkably reduced in a short time, so that the effect is very remarkable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizers, and in particular relates to a foliar fertilizer.
Background
In order to promote the high-quality development of agriculture and meet the urgent needs of urban and rural residents on safe, high-quality, nutritional and healthy agricultural products, the famous, special and new agricultural products are produced at the same time, and the famous, special and new agricultural products with good functional components are deeply welcomed by consumers.
The famous brand new agricultural products have the characteristics of site, yield, quality and famous atmosphere; for the quality, the basis is to ensure the nutrition and safety of the agricultural products, for example, high-quality agricultural products with higher content of functional components such as total flavonoids or polysaccharides are required. At present, the production of high-quality agricultural products mainly depends on the breeding development of good crop varieties, has long period, is limited by related genetic resources, and is difficult to meet the requirements of people.
The improvement of the crop quality is an ideal way through the regulation and control of the field cultivation process, but the field cultivation process relates to soil types, cultivation conditions, pesticide types, pesticide consumption, fertilization measures, fertilizer types and the like. For the fertilizer types, the prior art is mainly used for increasing the yield and saving the production period, but the research on improving the content of the functional components is less, and the inventor researches show that after the conventional organic or/and inorganic foliar fertilizer disclosed in the prior art is sprayed on the leaf surfaces, the content of the functional components can be partially improved, but the improvement degree is limited, and the effect is not obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to overcome the defect that the content of functional components of the foliar fertilizer is improved to a limited extent after the foliar fertilizer in the prior art is sprayed on the leaf surface, thereby providing the crop foliar fertilizer which has the synergistic effect of the components and further obviously improves the content of the functional components such as total flavone or polysaccharide, and discloses the preparation method and the application of the crop foliar fertilizer.
A crop foliar fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
700-900 parts of bamboo vinegar, 15-25 parts of 6-benzylaminopurine, 45-55 parts of asparagus extract, 45-55 parts of green tea extract and 25-35 parts of organic silicon.
800 parts of bamboo vinegar, 20 parts of 6-benzylaminopurine, 50 parts of asparagus extract, 50 parts of green tea extract and 30 parts of organic silicon.
A preparation method of a crop foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps: dissolving 6-benzylaminopurine, adding bamboo vinegar, asparagus extract, green tea extract and organic silicon, mixing uniformly, and metering to constant volume until the concentration of 6-benzylaminopurine is not less than 5 mg/L.
Dissolving the 6-benzylaminopurine by adopting a hydrochloric acid solution;
preferably, 6-benzylaminopurine is dissolved at 40 ℃ using 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution.
The preparation method of the asparagus extract comprises the following steps: selecting fresh tender asparagus and asparagus straws, crushing, squeezing juice, adding water into residues, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, filtering to obtain a water extracting solution, mixing the squeezed juice and the water extracting solution, concentrating, and carrying out spray drying to obtain the asparagus extract;
preferably, the amount of water added is 2 times the weight of the residue.
The preparation method of the green tea extract comprises the following steps: selecting fresh tea tree young leaves, buds and tender stems as raw materials, pulverizing, soaking in water for 3-4 hr, ultrasonic treating, filtering, repeatedly extracting the filter residue for at least 1 time, mixing filtrates, concentrating, and spray drying to obtain the final product;
preferably, the water addition amount is 2 times of the weight of the raw materials; and when the extraction is repeated, performing ultrasonic treatment by adopting water with the weight 2 times that of the filter residue.
The crop foliar fertilizer and the application of the crop foliar fertilizer prepared by the preparation method in reducing pesticide residues in crops are provided.
The pesticide is a systemic pesticide, preferably omethoate and dimehypo.
The crop foliar fertilizer is calculated by 6-benzyl aminopurine, and the use concentration is 5-50 mg/L.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a crop foliar fertilizer, which comprises 6-benzyl aminopurine, bamboo vinegar, asparagus extract, green tea extract and organic silicon; and the composition proportion of the components is limited. Wherein, the 6-benzylaminopurine is a growth regulator, and has multiple functions of inhibiting the decomposition of chlorophyll, nucleic acid and protein of crops, regulating and transporting amino acid, auxin, inorganic salt and the like to a treatment part and the like; the bamboo vinegar liquid contains organic acids, phenols, ketones, alcohols, etc.; the asparagus extract contains brass, polysaccharide, saponin, etc.; the green tea extract mainly comprises tea polyphenol (catechin), caffeine, aromatic oil and the like, and is an active ingredient with good regulation effect on the growth and development of crops; the organic silicon can improve the adsorption capacity of the foliar fertilizer on the surface of crops and promote the absorption of effective components. Therefore, the crop foliar fertilizer contains a large amount of active organic components, and the cell activity of the spraying part of the crop can be obviously improved through the mutual synergistic effect generated between the 6-benzyl aminopurine and other components, so that the growth performance is improved, and the content of functional components such as total flavone or polysaccharide is obviously improved;
moreover, through the mutual synergistic effect generated between the 6-benzyl aminopurine and other components, the cell activity of the spraying part of the crop can be obviously improved, and the content of the functional components can be obviously improved; the pesticide composition can also effectively promote the synthesis of nutrient functional components of crops, accelerate the speed of decomposing residual pesticides by the crops, effectively shorten the residual time of systemic pesticides such as omethoate, dimehypo and the like, reduce the pesticide residue in a shorter time, meet the requirements of effective pest control and safety synchronous improvement of agricultural product quality, and has very remarkable effect;
meanwhile, the crop foliar fertilizer has no toxic or side effect on plants, animals and human bodies, has no adverse effect on the normal growth and development of crops, and has the advantages of low price, mild method and no toxic or side effect.
2. The invention further optimizes the composition and the proportion of a crop foliar fertilizer, and specifically comprises 700-900 parts of bamboo vinegar, 15-25 parts of 6-benzylaminopurine, 45-55 parts of asparagus extract, 45-55 parts of green tea extract and 25-35 parts of organic silicon; preferably, the bamboo vinegar is 800 parts, the 6-benzylaminopurine is 20 parts, the asparagus extract is 50 parts, the green tea extract is 50 parts, and the organic silicon is 30 parts. The crop foliar fertilizer prepared according to the composition ratio is applied to various crops such as okra, chrysanthemum, onion and the like for tests, and the tests prove that: promotes the synthesis of flavonoid, polysaccharide and other functional components at edible parts of crops, and has good effect of promoting the decomposition of systemic pesticide residues such as omethoate, dimehypo and the like.
3. The invention also provides application of the crop foliar fertilizer, and the method limits that when the crop foliar fertilizer is used, the concentration of bamboo vinegar is 300-1000 mg/L, the concentration of 6-benzylaminopurine is 5-50 mg/L, the concentration of asparagus extract is 20-100 mg/L, the concentration of green tea extract is 20-100 mg/L, and the concentration of organosilicon is 5-50 mg/L. The best effect is effectively achieved by limiting the use concentration.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to better understand the present invention, not to limit the best mode, and not to limit the content and protection scope of the present invention, and any product that is the same or similar to the present invention and is obtained by combining the present invention with other features of the prior art and the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
The examples do not show the specific experimental steps or conditions, and can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in the field. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by manufacturers, and are all conventional reagent products which can be obtained commercially.
In this example
Example 1
A leaf fertilizer for crops comprises 6-benzylaminopurine 20mg/L, bamboo vinegar 0.8g/L, Germinatus Phragmitis extract 50mg/L, green tea extract 50mg/L, and organosilicon 30 mg/L.
Wherein 6-benzylaminopurine adopts more than or equal to 98 percent of 6-BA technical raw material. The bamboo vinegar liquid adopts the commercial pure bamboo vinegar liquid which meets the standard requirements of GB/T31734-2015 bamboo vinegar liquid. The asparagus extract is as follows: selecting fresh and tender asparagus and asparagus straws, crushing, squeezing juice, and mixing residues according to the weight ratio of 1: 2 proportion, adding water, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, filtering, mixing the squeezed juice and the water extract, concentrating, and spray drying to obtain the product. The green tea extract is: selecting and crushing young leaves, buds and tender stems of fresh tea trees according to the proportion of 1: adding water at a ratio of 2, soaking for 3-4 hr, ultrasonic treating for 30 min, filtering, extracting the residue for 2 times, mixing the filtrates, concentrating, and spray drying.
The preparation method of the crop foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps: weighing 4g of 6-benzylaminopurine, 160g of bamboo vinegar, 10g of asparagus extract, 10g of green tea extract and 6g of organic silicon; firstly, 4g of 6-benzylaminopurine is placed in 50ml of 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, heated to 40 ℃ for dissolution, then added with 160g of bamboo vinegar liquid, 10g of asparagus extract, 10g of green tea extract and 6g of organic silicon, mixed evenly, and the volume is fixed to 1000ml, thus forming the foliar fertilizer mother liquor. When in use, water is added for dilution by 200 times to obtain a foliar fertilizer application liquid, wherein the content of 6-benzylaminopurine in the foliar fertilizer application liquid is 20mg/L, the content of bamboo vinegar liquid is 0.8g/L, the content of asparagus extract is 50mg/L, the content of green tea extract is 50mg/L, and the content of organic silicon is 30 mg/L.
Example 2
The difference between the leaf fertilizer for the crops and the embodiment 1 lies in that the components and the mixture ratio of the raw materials are different, and the leaf fertilizer specifically comprises 5mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine, 1g/L of bamboo vinegar, 100mg/L of asparagus extract, 20mg/L of green tea extract and 5mg/L of organic silicon.
The preparation method of the crop foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps: 1g of 6-benzylaminopurine, 200g of bamboo vinegar, 20g of asparagus extract, 4g of green tea extract and 1g of organic silicon, and the components are weighed and prepared into 1000ml of leaf fertilizer mother liquor according to the preparation method of the embodiment 1. When in use, water is added for dilution by 200 times to obtain a foliar fertilizer application liquid, wherein the content of 6-benzylaminopurine in the foliar fertilizer application liquid is 5mg/L, the content of bamboo vinegar liquid is 1g/L, the content of asparagus extract is 100mg/L, the content of green tea extract is 20mg/L, and the content of organic silicon is 5 mg/L.
Example 3
A crop foliar fertilizer is different from the crop foliar fertilizer in the embodiment 1 in the composition and the mixture ratio of the raw materials, and specifically comprises 50mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine, 300mg/L of bamboo vinegar, 20mg/L of asparagus extract, 100mg/L of green tea extract and 50mg/L of organic silicon.
The preparation method of the crop foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps: 10g of 6-benzylaminopurine, 60g of bamboo vinegar, 4g of asparagus extract, 20g of green tea extract and 10g of organic silicon, and the components are weighed and prepared into 1000ml of leaf fertilizer mother liquor according to the preparation method of the embodiment 1. When the foliar fertilizer application liquid is used, water is added for dilution by 200 times to obtain the foliar fertilizer application liquid, wherein in the foliar fertilizer application liquid, the content of 6-benzylaminopurine is 50mg/L, the content of bamboo vinegar liquid is 300mg/L, the content of asparagus extract is 20mg/L, the content of green tea extract is 100mg/L, and the content of organic silicon is 50 mg/L.
Example 4
The difference between the leaf fertilizer for the crops and the embodiment 1 lies in that the components and the mixture ratio of the raw materials are different, and the leaf fertilizer specifically comprises 25mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine, 0.7g/L of bamboo vinegar, 55mg/L of asparagus extract, 45mg/L of green tea extract and 25mg/L of organic silicon.
The preparation method of the crop foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps: 5g of 6-benzylaminopurine, 140g of bamboo vinegar, 11g of asparagus extract, 9g of green tea extract and 5g of organic silicon, and the components are weighed and prepared into 1000ml of leaf fertilizer mother liquor according to the preparation method of the embodiment 1. When the foliar fertilizer application liquid is used, water is added for dilution by 200 times to obtain the foliar fertilizer application liquid, wherein the content of 6-benzylaminopurine in the foliar fertilizer application liquid is 25mg/L, the content of bamboo vinegar liquid is 0.7g/L, the content of asparagus extract is 55mg/L, the content of green tea extract is 45mg/L, and the content of organic silicon is 25 mg/L.
Example 5
The difference between the leaf fertilizer for the crops and the embodiment 1 lies in that the components and the mixture ratio of the raw materials are different, and the leaf fertilizer specifically comprises 15mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine, 0.9g/L of bamboo vinegar, 45mg/L of asparagus extract, 55mg/L of green tea extract and 35mg/L of organic silicon.
The preparation method of the crop foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps: 3g of 6-benzylaminopurine, 180g of bamboo vinegar, 9g of asparagus extract, 11g of green tea extract and 7g of organic silicon, and the above components are weighed and prepared into 1000ml of leaf fertilizer mother liquor according to the preparation method of example 1. When the foliar fertilizer application liquid is used, water is added for dilution by 200 times to obtain the foliar fertilizer application liquid, wherein the content of 6-benzyl aminopurine in the foliar fertilizer application liquid is 15mg/L, the content of bamboo vinegar liquid is 0.9g/L, the content of asparagus extract is 45mg/L, the content of green tea extract is 55mg/L, and the content of organic silicon is 35 mg/L.
Comparative example 1
A crop foliar fertilizer is different from the crop foliar fertilizer of example 1 in that the raw materials in the comparative example only comprise 6-benzylaminopurine and organic silicon, wherein the raw materials comprise 20mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine and 30mg/L of organic silicon.
The preparation method of the crop foliar fertilizer in the comparative example comprises the following steps: weighing 4g of 6-benzylaminopurine and 6g of organic silicon, putting 4g of 6-benzylaminopurine in 50ml of 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, heating to 40 ℃ for dissolution, and then adding 6g of organic silicon to prepare 1000ml of foliar fertilizer mother liquor. When the foliar fertilizer is used, water is added for dilution by 200 times to obtain the foliar fertilizer application liquid, wherein the content of the 6-benzylaminopurine in the foliar fertilizer application liquid is 20mg/L, and the content of the organic silicon is 30 mg/L.
Comparative example 2
A leaf fertilizer for crops is different from that of example 1 in that only bamboo vinegar, asparagus extract, green tea extract and organic silicon are used as raw materials in the comparative example, wherein the bamboo vinegar is 0.8g/L, the asparagus extract is 50mg/L, the green tea extract is 50mg/L and the organic silicon is 30 mg/L.
The preparation method of the crop foliar fertilizer in the comparative example comprises the following steps: 160g of bamboo vinegar, 10g of asparagus extract, 10g of green tea extract and 6g of organic silicon are added into 500ml of water in sequence, and after uniform mixing, water is added to the mixture until the volume is 1000ml, so that the leaf fertilizer mother liquor is formed. When the foliar fertilizer application liquid is used, water is added for dilution by 200 times to obtain the foliar fertilizer application liquid, wherein the content of 6-benzyl aminopurine in the foliar fertilizer application liquid is 15mg/L, the content of bamboo vinegar liquid is 0.9g/L, the content of asparagus extract is 45mg/L, the content of green tea extract is 55mg/L, and the content of organic silicon is 35 mg/L.
Test examples
Selecting a certain farmland in the pond town of Nanchang county of Jiangxi province, planting okra, chrysanthemum and onion in the farmland by dividing regions, and carrying out planting and field management according to a local conventional method. Respectively spraying omethoate and dimehypo 10 days before the crops are harvested, wherein the application method of the omethoate comprises the following steps: after being diluted by 1500 times by 40 percent missible oil, the bisultap is sprayed by adopting a spraying mode, and the pesticide application method comprises the following steps: after being diluted by 500 times by 18 percent of water agent, the spraying agent is sprayed in a spraying mode, and the spraying amount is 50L/mu.
After the pesticide is sprayed, the okra, the chrysanthemum and the onion are respectively randomly divided into eight areas, the foliar fertilizers of the examples 1 to 5 and the comparative examples 1 to 2 are respectively sprayed in seven areas divided by each crop after 3 days, clear water is sprayed in the remaining area to serve as a blank control, and the spraying amount is 50L/mu.
Harvesting after crops are mature, wherein the harvesting time is 5 days after the okra blooms, 35 days after the chrysanthemum buds appear, and when the onion bulbs stop expanding the outer leather quality.
Crushing fresh samples of harvested okra fruits, chrysanthemum flowers and onion bulbs, and measuring pesticide residue indexes such as omethoate and bisultap content; respectively slicing the samples, drying in a drying oven at a constant temperature of 40 ℃ to constant weight, crushing, and measuring quality indexes such as the content of total flavonoids and total polysaccharides. Wherein:
omethoate is measured by the method of NY/T761-2008 'determination of organophosphorus, organochlorine, pyrethroid and carbamate pesticide multi-residue in vegetables and fruits';
reference GB/T5009.114-2003 determination of bisultap residue in rice;
the total flavone is determined by referring to a method of SN/T4592-2016 (determination of total flavone in export food);
the polysaccharides are respectively determined by methods of documents (optimization of the conditions for determining the abelmoschus esculentus polysaccharides by an anthrone-sulfuric acid method, Chinese food additives, 2019, 9: 154-158; Liwen super et al, research on a method for determining the chrysanthemum polysaccharides by an anthrone-sulfuric acid method, Chinese wild plant resources, 2013, 31 (1): 45-48; Liyinflam and the like, determination of the onion polysaccharides and the content thereof, China health test journal, 2006, 16 (3): 300-301).
The results of the measurements are shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1
The mutual data of the above tables can effectively prove that: (1) after the foliar fertilizer is sprayed, the contents of the total flavonoids and the polysaccharides of the crops are greatly improved, and the contents of the omethoate and the dimehypo are greatly reduced, which shows that the foliar fertilizer has the functions of improving the contents of the total flavonoids and the polysaccharides of the crops, reducing the pesticide residues of the omethoate, the dimehypo and the like, and promoting the improvement of the nutrition quality and the quality safety level of the crops. (2) The application of the 6-benzyl aminopurine alone or the application of the mixture of the bamboo vinegar, the asparagus extract and the green tea extract has certain effects of improving the content of total flavonoids and polysaccharides of crops, reducing the content of omethoate and killing bisultap, but the effect is obviously less than that of the foliar fertilizer of the embodiment 1-5 containing all the components, so that the components of the foliar fertilizer show a synergistic effect, and the effect is very obvious.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. A crop foliar fertilizer for reducing systemic pesticide residue is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
300-1000 parts of bamboo vinegar;
5-50 parts of 6-benzylaminopurine;
20-100 parts of asparagus extract;
20-100 parts of green tea extract;
5-50 parts of organic silicon.
2. The foliar fertilizer for crops as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bamboo vinegar is 700-900 parts, the 6-benzylaminopurine is 15-25 parts, the asparagus extract is 45-55 parts, the green tea extract is 45-55 parts, and the organic silicon is 25-35 parts.
3. The foliar fertilizer for crops as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bamboo vinegar is 800 parts, the 6-benzylaminopurine is 20 parts, the asparagus extract is 50 parts, the green tea extract is 50 parts, and the organic silicon is 30 parts.
4. A method for preparing a foliar fertilizer for crops as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 which comprises: dissolving 6-benzylaminopurine, adding bamboo vinegar, asparagus extract, green tea extract and organic silicon, mixing uniformly, and metering to constant volume until the concentration of 6-benzylaminopurine is not less than 5 mg/L.
5. The preparation method of the crop foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, wherein the 6-benzylaminopurine is dissolved by hydrochloric acid solution.
6. The preparation method of the crop foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the 6-benzylaminopurine is dissolved at 40 ℃ by adopting 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution.
7. The preparation method of the crop foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the asparagus extract comprises the following steps: selecting fresh tender asparagus and asparagus straws, crushing, squeezing juice, adding water into residues, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, filtering to obtain a water extracting solution, mixing the squeezed juice and the water extracting solution, concentrating, and carrying out spray drying to obtain the asparagus.
8. The preparation method of the crop foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the preparation method of the asparagus extract, the amount of added water is 2 times of the weight of the residue.
9. The preparation method of the crop foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the green tea extract comprises the following steps: selecting fresh tea tree young leaves, buds and tender stems as raw materials, pulverizing, soaking in water for 3-4 hr, ultrasonic treating, filtering, extracting the filter residue for at least 1 time, mixing filtrates, concentrating, and spray drying.
10. The preparation method of the crop foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 9, wherein in the preparation method of the green tea extract, the added water amount is 2 times of the weight of the raw materials; and when the extraction is repeated, performing ultrasonic treatment by adopting water with the weight 2 times that of the filter residue.
11. A crop foliar fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 and a crop foliar fertilizer prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 10 for use in reducing systemic pesticide residues in crops.
12. Use according to claim 11, characterized in that the pesticide is omethoate or dimehypo.
13. The application of the foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 11 or 12, wherein when the foliar fertilizer is applied to crops, the concentration of bamboo vinegar is 300-1000 mg/L, the concentration of 6-benzylaminopurine is 5-50 mg/L, the concentration of asparagus extract is 20-100 mg/L, the concentration of green tea extract is 20-100 mg/L, and the concentration of organosilicon is 5-50 mg/L.
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