CN112871856B - Water scrubber and water scrubbing method for waste incineration fly ash - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a water scrubber and a water scrubbing method for waste incineration fly ash, wherein the water scrubber comprises a stirring container, a stirring device and a filtering device, wherein the inner wall of the stirring container is of a cylindrical structure, and the bottom of the stirring container is provided with an inverted circular truncated cone-shaped groove; the stirring blade of the stirring device is arranged in the stirring container; the filtering device is fixedly arranged in an inverted circular truncated cone-shaped groove at the bottom of the stirring container and comprises a filtering element, a sealing element, a backwashing element and a suction filtration chamber; the filter element comprises a first punching screen plate, an ultrafine glass fiber filter membrane and a second punching screen plate which are sequentially overlapped, the sealing element comprises a cover body and a base, a through hole is formed in the middle of the cover body, and the cover body and the base are matched with each other to form a filter cavity; inside the filtering cavity, the back washing element, the suction filtering cavity and the filtering element are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the filtering element is arranged opposite to the middle through hole of the cover body, and the diameter of the filtering element is larger than that of the middle through hole of the cover body.

Description

A kind of washing device and washing method for waste incineration fly ash

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of waste fly ash treatment, in particular to a water washer and a water washing method for waste incineration fly ash.

Background technique

The information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not necessarily be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

Incineration is a high-temperature heat treatment technology, which has developed rapidly because incineration treatment can achieve the purpose of thermal energy recovery, volume reduction and weight reduction of municipal waste. Under the trend of the promotion of waste incineration technology at home and abroad, not only the number of waste incineration plants is increasing, but also the urban solid waste incineration fly ash (referred to as MSWI-FA, particle size <100μm) produced during the waste incineration process is also increasing. many. The ash produced after incineration is divided into fly ash and bottom slag. The latter has been widely used in road construction, brick making, glass manufacturing and concrete production. However, because MSWI-FA contains a large amount of toxic and harmful substances such as sulfides, chlorine-containing compounds, dioxins and heavy metals, it must be disposed of scientifically and rationally before being discharged into the environment or used for resource utilization. At present, civil engineering and agriculture are the two main fields for MSWI-FA to realize resource utilization, such as soil amendments, adsorbents, concrete, cement, roadbed and embankments.

MSWI-FA contains a large amount of calcium, silicon, aluminum and other metal elements with high utilization value, and the main components are similar to cement raw materials. Some studies have shown that when preparing cement, part of the raw materials can be replaced by MSWI-FA, so that the cost of producing cement will continue to decrease, and the MSWI-FA can also be utilized to the greatest extent.

When using MSWI-FA as raw material to prepare cement products, professional, scientific and safe measures must be taken. Because of the high chloride content of MSWI-FA, the volatilization of chloride during co-processing can lead to corrosion and blockage of cement kilns and auxiliary facilities. Residual chlorides in cementitious materials can corrode reinforced concrete, resulting in more severe metal contamination. Therefore, MSWI-FA must be pretreated and chlorine removed to be an acceptable raw material for the production of cementitious materials. Compared with many MSWI-FA pretreatment technologies, water washing pretreatment technology is currently recognized as the simplest and most effective method for removing chlorine elements.

However, there is currently no small-scale waste fly ash washing machine for laboratories. The fly ash washing process in the laboratory is mainly manual, and the fly ash particle size is too small, which makes manual washing inefficient, complicated to operate, and takes a long time to complete the washing of samples. , filtering, collecting, etc. In addition, artificial water washing may affect the uniformity of the samples, resulting in large errors in sample data; if the water washing efficiency of MSWI-FA is not improved, it will seriously limit the industrial application of MSWI-FA for the preparation of solid waste-based sulfoaluminate cement.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a water washer and a water-washing method for waste incineration fly ash. It is used to solve the problems of small particle size of fly ash, low efficiency of manual water washing, cumbersome operation, long time consuming and low sample uniformity, especially suitable for laboratory use.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the following one or more embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

In the first aspect, the present invention provides a water washer for waste incineration fly ash, comprising a stirring container, a stirring device and a filtering device, wherein the inner wall of the stirring container is a cylindrical structure, and the bottom is provided with an inverted trough-shaped groove;

The stirring blade of the stirring device is arranged inside the stirring vessel;

The filter device is fixedly installed in the inverted circular table-shaped groove at the bottom of the stirring vessel, and includes a filter element, a sealing element, a backwash element and a suction filter chamber; The fiber filter membrane and the second punching screen plate, the sealing element includes a cover body and a base, a through hole is formed in the middle of the cover body, and the cover body and the base cooperate with each other to form a filter chamber;

Inside the filter chamber, the backwash element, the suction filter chamber and the filter element are arranged in sequence from the bottom to the top, the filter element is arranged opposite the through hole in the middle of the cover body, and the diameter of the filter element is larger than the diameter of the through hole in the middle of the cover body .

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a water washing method for waste incineration fly ash, comprising the following steps:

Put the fly ash to be washed into the stirring container, add clean water, and turn on the stirring device to stir and wash the fly ash;

After washing the fly ash, turn on the electromagnetic pump for suction filtration to perform suction filtration on the fly ash washing system;

During suction filtration and water washing, the filter element is continuously backwashed.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the above embodiments of the present invention are:

The equipment in the invention has a high degree of integration and automation, greatly simplifies manual operations, greatly reduces the time required for the washing of laboratory waste fly ash, and is conducive to promoting the use of MSWI-FA for solid waste-based sulfur-aluminum Industrial application of salt cement preparation.

The use of this water washing device to wash the fly ash is more thorough, the removal efficiency of chlorine in the fly ash is high, the removal rate of chlorine salt in the fly ash after treatment is ≥ 80%, and the chlorine salt in the fly ash is evenly removed. higher degree.

The round table design at the bottom of the stirring vessel reduces the dead zone of stirring, which makes the mixing of fly ash and water more complete, and also reduces the residual amount of water after the filtration process, which is more conducive to the subsequent treatment of fly ash;

The selected six-curved blade open turbine agitator has good circulation and shearing capacity, and is especially suitable for the operation of solid-liquid suspension when the solid content is large, so that the mixing of fly ash and water is more complete;

The special sandwich design of the filter element includes the first punching screen, the ultra-fine glass fiber filter membrane and the second punching screen which are stacked in sequence. On the one hand, it can perform primary filtration on the washing system, reduce the filtration pressure of the ultra-fine glass fiber membrane, and reduce the damage to the ultra-fine glass fiber membrane caused by larger solid particles. In the process of suction filtration and water washing, the weight of the water washing system and fly ash is relatively large, which causes pressure loss to the ultra-fine glass fiber filter membrane. The second punched mesh plate is located below the ultra-fine glass fiber filter membrane, which plays a better supporting role for the ultra-fine glass fiber filter membrane. The two punched mesh plates can keep the ultra-fine glass fiber filter membrane in a good filtering shape. , in order to ensure its better filtering effect.

Regular, short-time backwashing and fine through-hole structure ensure the stability and efficiency of the water washing process.

In addition, the reason why the sealing element is provided is because the particle size of the fly ash is small, which not only easily blocks the filter element, but also easily flows down with the washing water through the gap during suction filtration, causing waste. Therefore, the sealing effect of the filter element is strictly required. And the filter element needs to be removable for timely cleaning.

If the filter element is only arranged at the bottom of the stirring vessel, gaps will inevitably appear, resulting in waste of fly ash after washing. If the gap is avoided by welding, it will be difficult to replace and clean the filter element in time.

In the present invention, a sealing element is provided, and the sealing element includes a cover body and a base. Through the cooperation of the cover body and the base, the filter element is pressed and sealed, which can effectively avoid the generation of gaps, and the filter element can be realized only by opening the cover body. It can be replaced in time, which is more suitable for the filtration of fly ash washing system.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings forming a part of the present invention are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the garbage incineration fly ash automatic washing device of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the automatic water washer filter device of waste incineration fly ash according to the present invention;

Among them, 1-stirring device, 2-stirring vessel, 3-filtering device, 301-cover, 302-first punching mesh plate, 303-superfine glass fiber membrane, 304-base, 305-rinsing surface, 306 -The second punching mesh plate, 307-suction filtration channel, 4-lifting device, 5-water pumping pipeline, 6-electromagnetic pump, 7-solenoid valve, 8-sewage bucket, 9-clean water bucket, 10-supercharger electromagnetic pump , 11- solenoid valve, 12- recoil pipeline.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural as well, furthermore, it is to be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates that There are features, steps, operations, devices, components and/or combinations thereof.

In the first aspect, the present invention provides a water washer for waste incineration fly ash, comprising a stirring container, a stirring device and a filtering device, wherein the inner wall of the stirring container is a cylindrical structure, and the bottom is provided with an inverted trough-shaped groove;

The stirring blade of the stirring device is arranged inside the stirring vessel;

The filter device is fixedly installed in the inverted circular table-shaped groove at the bottom of the stirring vessel, and includes a filter element, a sealing element, a backwash element and a suction filter chamber; The fiber filter membrane and the second punching screen plate, the sealing element includes a cover body and a base, a through hole is formed in the middle of the cover body, and the cover body and the base cooperate with each other to form a filter chamber;

Inside the filter chamber, the backwash element, the suction filter chamber and the filter element are arranged in sequence from the bottom to the top, the filter element is arranged opposite the through hole in the middle of the cover body, and the diameter of the filter element is larger than the diameter of the through hole in the middle of the cover body .

In some embodiments, the cover body and the base are screwed together. The strength of the cooperation between the two can be effectively improved, and the degree of the cooperation between the two can be easily adjusted, thereby making it easier to compress the filter element. In addition, when screwed together, the cover body is easier to remove from the base, thereby making it easier to replace the filter element in time.

Further, an annular sealing ring is provided at the position where the cover body is in contact with the filter element. The sealing ring is an elastic element, the cover body compresses the filter element, and the sealing ring and the filter element perform an interference fit, which can effectively avoid the generation of gaps at the fitting, and thus can effectively filter the fly ash.

In some embodiments, the suction filtration chamber is connected to the suction filtration electromagnetic pump through a suction filtration channel.

In some embodiments, fine through holes are provided on the flushing surface of the backflushing element.

Further, the ratio of the flushing surface of the backwashing element to the filtering area of the filtering element is greater than 4:5.

Since the pore size of the ultra-fine glass fiber membrane is extremely small, it is easy to be blocked, and a fine channel is set on the flushing surface to form a fine flushing water column, which makes it easier to wash the ultra-fine glass fiber membrane.

Further, the flushing channel of the backflushing element is arranged through the base of the sealing element.

In some embodiments, the stirring device is a six-blade open turbine agitator.

Further, the base of the sealing element is welded with the bottom of the stirring vessel.

Further, the distance between the edge of the base of the sealing element and the edge of the rounded frustum-shaped groove is greater than 1 cm. When the size is greater than 1 cm, the fly ash deposited there during the water washing of the fly ash is more likely to be back-mixed in the water body under the stirring action of the stirring device, which can reduce the dead angle of fly ash cleaning to a certain extent.

In some embodiments, the position of the stirring device is fixed, and the stirring container is arranged on the lifting device.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a water washing method for waste incineration fly ash, comprising the following steps:

Put the fly ash to be washed into the stirring container, add clean water, and turn on the stirring device to stir and wash the fly ash;

After washing the fly ash, turn on the electromagnetic pump for suction filtration to perform suction filtration on the fly ash washing system;

During suction filtration and water washing, the filter element is continuously backwashed.

Example

An automatic water scrubber for waste incineration fly ash, comprising:

A stirring vessel 2 for receiving fly ash and mixing the fly ash with water, the bottom of the stirring vessel is provided with a rounded truncated groove.

A stirring device 1 for stirring a mixed solution of fly ash and water, the stirring device selects six curved blades to open a turbine agitator.

The lifting device 4 is used to adjust the relative height of the stirring container 2 and the stirring device 1 .

A filter device 3 for receiving the solution discharged from the stirring vessel and performing solid-liquid separation on the solution, the filter device 3 is composed of a sealing element, a filtering element and a recoil element, and the sealing element is sealed with a thread, The core part is composed of "first punched mesh plate 302 + ultra-fine glass fiber filter membrane 303 + second punched mesh plate 306", and the flushing surface 305 of the recoil element is provided with fine through holes.

The suction pipe 5 is used to receive the solution discharged from the filter device 3 and transport the solution to the sewage bucket 8 through the solenoid valve 7 and the solenoid pump 6 .

It is used to receive the solution in the clean water bucket 9 and deliver the solution to the backflushing pipeline 12 of the filter device 3 through the solenoid valve 11 and the booster solenoid pump 10 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the solenoid valve 7 and the solenoid pump 6 on the water pumping pipeline 5 and the solenoid valve 11 and the booster solenoid pump 10 on the recoil pipeline 12 are controlled by a simple PLC controller.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the sealing element of the filter device 3 is composed of a nylon cover 301 and a stainless steel base 304, both of which are sealed with threads, a hole is opened in the middle of the cover, and the base 304 is sealed with the stirring vessel 2 The method adopts welding (argon arc welding), and the distance between the edge of the base of the sealing element and the edge of the rounded truncated groove is 1.5 cm.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the core part of the filter device 3 is fixed between the nylon cover 301 and the stainless steel base 304 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the upper part of the base 304 is stepped so as to better fix the core part of the filter device 3 , and the lower part of the base 304 includes a suction filtration channel 307 and a washing surface 305 . The surface 305 is connected with the lower part of the base 304 by means of threads.

The above-mentioned waste incineration fly ash treatment method of the garbage incineration fly ash automatic water scrubber comprises the following steps:

Step 1. Complete the placement of the ultra-fine glass fiber filter membrane 303, place the booster electromagnetic pump 10 on the recoil pipeline 12 in the clean water bucket 9, and make sure that the liquid level does not exceed the booster electromagnetic pump 10 to ensure that during the washing process. The water volume is sufficient, and the outlet pipe of the pumping pipe 5 is placed in the sewage bucket 8;

Step 2, energize the simple PLC controller and the stirring device 1;

Step 3: Set and confirm the rotating speed and stirring time of the stirring device 1, and set and confirm the filtering time and backflushing time of the filtering link;

Step 4. Lift the stirring container 2 through the lifting device 4 until the knife head of the stirring device 1 and the filter device 3 are as close as possible. At this time, manually rotate the knife head, and there is no obstacle during the rotation process, and align the center of the filter device 3 with the knife head of the stirring device 1. Align the center, record the reading on the steel ruler at this time (set as X cm);

Step 5. The stirring vessel 2 is lowered to a height convenient for adding fly ash by the lifting device 4, and the addition of 250g of fly ash is completed;

Step 6. Lift the stirring container 2 through the lifting device 4 to a certain distance between the cutting head of the stirring device 1 and the filter device 3, and the reading on the steel ruler is X-(2～3) cm at this time;

Step 7. The solenoid valve 11 and the booster solenoid pump 10 on the recoil pipeline 12 start to operate, and water is added to the scale line of 1L;

Step 8. The stirring device 1 starts to run: the rotation speed is 800r/min, and the time is 30min;

Step 9, after stirring, lift the stirring vessel 2 by the lifting device 4 to the stirring device 1 cutter head and the filter device 3 as close as possible, and the reading on the steel ruler is X cm at this moment;

Step 10. Continue to start stirring, the rotating speed is unchanged, and the time is not set. The solenoid valve 7 on the water pumping pipeline 5, the solenoid valve 6 on the solenoid pump 6 and the solenoid valve 11 on the recoil pipeline 12, and the booster solenoid pump 10 are in the simple PLC controller. Alternate operation under control, the filtering process starts;

Step 11. The filtration process is about 10 minutes. In the filtration process, you should always pay attention to the change of the water level in the stirring vessel 2. When the water level is lower than the knife head of the stirring device 1, the stirring and filtration should be stopped immediately;

Step 12, stop energizing the simple PLC controller and the stirring device 1;

Step 13, reduce the height of the lifting device 4 to the minimum, and then take out the fly ash that has been washed with water in the stirring vessel 2;

Step 14, take out the waste ultra-fine glass fiber filter membrane 303, and clean the stirring vessel 2;

The example of the present invention provides a data comparison table of the contents of Cl, SO ₃ , CaO and MgO in 250 g of fly ash before and after washing by the device of the present invention. Filtration link for 10min. Adopt chemical titration and X-ray diffractometer to measure the content of Cl, SO ₃ , CaO and MgO before and after washing the fly ash with water, Table 1 shows the content of each component in the fly ash before washing with the device of the present invention, and Table 2 shows the washing with the device of this embodiment The content of each component in the fly ash.

Table 1

index Cl SO₃ CaO MgO Fly ash before washing 4.42% 5.92% 50.37% 3.78%

Table 2

index Cl SO₃ CaO MgO Washed fly ash 0.83% 6.21% 49.46% 4.10%

Through the comparative analysis of the data in Table 1 and Table 2, it can be clearly seen that the chlorine content in the fly ash after the water washing with the device of the present invention has a significant reduction effect.

Using the automatic water washer for garbage fly ash provided by this embodiment, compared with manual water washing of fly ash, the removal rate of chlorine in fly ash is high, and the removal rate of chlorine in fly ash after treatment is ≥80%; The rounded trough-shaped groove and the six-blade open turbine agitator enhance the mixing effect of fly ash and water; the special interlayer design of the filter device, regular, short-time backwashing and fine through holes ensure the stability and efficiency of the water washing process. Moreover, the garbage fly ash automatic washing device has a high degree of integration and automation, which simplifies the manual operation in the fly ash washing process and greatly reduces the time required for the laboratory fly ash washing process.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. The utility model provides a water scrubber for waste incineration fly ash which characterized in that: the stirring device comprises a stirring container, a stirring device and a filtering device, wherein the inner wall of the stirring container is of a cylindrical structure, and an inverted circular truncated cone-shaped groove is formed in the bottom of the stirring container;

the stirring blades of the stirring device are arranged in the stirring container;

the filtering device is fixedly arranged in an inverted circular truncated cone-shaped groove at the bottom of the stirring container and comprises a filtering element, a sealing element, a backwashing element and a suction filtration chamber; the filter element comprises a first punching screen plate, an ultrafine glass fiber filter membrane and a second punching screen plate which are sequentially overlapped, the sealing element comprises a cover body and a base, a through hole is formed in the middle of the cover body, and the cover body and the base are matched with each other to form a filter cavity;

inside the filtering cavity, the back washing element, the suction filtering cavity and the filtering element are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the filtering element is arranged opposite to the middle through hole of the cover body, and the diameter of the filtering element is larger than that of the middle through hole of the cover body.

2. The water scrubber for fly ash from waste incineration according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cover body is in threaded fit with the base.

3. The scrubber for waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, wherein: and an annular sealing ring is arranged at the contact part of the cover body and the filter element.

4. The water scrubber for fly ash from waste incineration according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the suction filtration cavity is connected with a suction filtration electromagnetic pump through a suction filtration channel.

5. The water scrubber for fly ash from waste incineration according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flushing surface of the back flushing element is provided with fine through holes.

6. The water scrubber for fly ash from waste incineration according to claim 5, characterized in that: the ratio of the flushing surface of the backwashing element to the filtering area of the filtering element is greater than 4: 5.

7. The water scrubber for fly ash from waste incineration according to claim 5, characterized in that: the flushing channel of the back flushing element is arranged through the base of the sealing element.

8. The water scrubber for fly ash from waste incineration according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stirring device is a turbine stirrer opened by six bent blades.

9. The water scrubber for fly ash from waste incineration according to claim 1, characterized in that: the base of the sealing element is welded with the bottom of the stirring container.

10. The water scrubber for fly ash from waste incineration according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spacing between the edge of the base of the sealing element and the edge of the rounded frustum-shaped groove is greater than 1 cm.

11. The scrubber for waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, wherein: the position of the stirring device is fixed, and the stirring container is arranged on the lifting device.

12. A method for washing waste incineration fly ash, characterized by using the washer for waste incineration fly ash according to any one of claims 1 to 11: the method comprises the following steps:

putting the fly ash to be washed into a stirring container, adding clear water, and starting a stirring device to stir and wash the fly ash;

after the fly ash is washed, starting a suction filtration electromagnetic pump to carry out suction filtration on a fly ash washing system;

and in the processes of suction filtration and water washing, the filter element is continuously backwashed.

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