CN112865042A - Controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current breaker and application method thereof - Google Patents
Controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current breaker and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112865042A CN112865042A CN202110237003.7A CN202110237003A CN112865042A CN 112865042 A CN112865042 A CN 112865042A CN 202110237003 A CN202110237003 A CN 202110237003A CN 112865042 A CN112865042 A CN 112865042A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for DC mains or DC distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for DC systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current breaker and an application method thereof, wherein the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current breaker comprises: the circuit comprises a main through-current branch, a current injection branch, a voltage oscillation branch and an energy dissipation branch, wherein the current injection branch comprises a pulse capacitor and a direct-current capacitor, the current injection branch is connected with the main through-current branch in parallel, the voltage oscillation branch is connected at two ends of the pulse capacitor in parallel, and the energy dissipation branch is connected with the main through-current branch in parallel; the main through-current branch is used for conducting direct-current load current, the voltage oscillation branch is used for changing the voltage polarity of the pulse capacitor, the current injection branch is used for realizing pulse capacitor oscillation boosting and injecting reverse current into the main through-current branch, and the energy dissipation branch is used for completing energy dissipation absorption and current clearing. By implementing the invention, the capacitance value of the high-voltage capacitor can be obviously reduced, the number of power electronic devices can be reduced, and the cost and the volume of the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker and an application method thereof.
Background
The high-voltage controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker is one of core devices constructed by a multi-terminal direct current power grid and is also an important device for flexibly converting an operation mode and switching off fault current of a direct current power transmission system. The technical economy of the method directly influences the flexibility and the universality of the application of the direct-current power grid.
At present, there are two main technical routes for a high-voltage controllable voltage source oscillation type dc circuit breaker, one is a hybrid controllable voltage source oscillation type dc circuit breaker, the circuit breaker normally runs and is flowed by a mechanical switch, and when a fault occurs, an auxiliary commutation branch is used to transfer the current to a branch of a power electronic device connected in parallel, and then the power electronic device breaks the current. The circuit breaker of the type has low on-state loss and high breaking speed, but a large number of full-control devices are required to be connected in series, so that the cost is high. The other type is a mechanical controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current breaker, arc extinguishing of a mechanical switch is achieved through reverse injection of current through a pre-charging capacitor, and direct current breaking is finally completed.
Therefore, the existing hybrid controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker or mechanical controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker is difficult to meet the dual requirements of large-scale direct current power grid construction on the technical performance and the economical efficiency of the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker, and the large-scale application of the high-voltage controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker in a multi-terminal direct current power grid is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a controllable voltage source oscillation type dc circuit breaker and an application method thereof, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing hybrid controllable voltage source oscillation type dc circuit breaker or mechanical controllable voltage source oscillation type dc circuit breaker is difficult to satisfy the dual requirements of the controllable voltage source oscillation type dc circuit breaker on the technical performance and the economic performance of large-scale dc power grid construction.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a controllable voltage source oscillation type dc circuit breaker, including: the circuit comprises a main through-current branch, a current injection branch, a voltage oscillation branch and an energy dissipation branch, wherein the current injection branch comprises a pulse capacitor and a direct-current capacitor, the current injection branch is connected with the main through-current branch in parallel, the voltage oscillation branch is connected at two ends of the pulse capacitor in parallel, and the energy dissipation branch is connected with the main through-current branch in parallel; the main through-current branch is used for conducting direct-current load current, the voltage oscillation branch is used for changing the voltage polarity of the pulse capacitor, the current injection branch is used for realizing pulse capacitor oscillation boosting and injecting reverse current into the main through-current branch, and the energy dissipation branch is used for completing energy dissipation absorption and current clearing.
Optionally, the main current branch comprises: at least one mechanical switch.
Optionally, the current injection branch further includes: the inductor, the thyristor valve, the direct current capacitor and the pulse capacitor are connected in series.
Optionally, the current injection branch further includes: inductance and thyristor full-bridge module, thyristor full-bridge module include series connection's first thyristor, second thyristor, third thyristor and fourth thyristor, inductance, direct current electric capacity and pulse capacitance series connection, the positive pole of first thyristor is connected the positive pole of fourth thyristor the direct current electric capacity's one end and the one end of main through-flow branch road, the negative pole of second thyristor is connected the negative pole of third thyristor the direct current electric capacity's the other end and the one end of inductance.
Optionally, the voltage oscillating branch comprises: a ball gap and a third control circuit connected in series.
Optionally, the third control circuit comprises: a first auxiliary thyristor.
Optionally, the third control circuit comprises: a second auxiliary thyristor and a third auxiliary thyristor connected in series.
Optionally, the controllable voltage source oscillating dc circuit breaker further comprises: and the direct current power supply is used for charging the direct current capacitor.
Optionally, the pre-charge voltage of the dc capacitor is smaller than a first preset value, and the capacitance value of the pulse capacitor is smaller than a second preset value.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an application method of a controllable voltage source oscillation type dc circuit breaker, where the method includes:
when the power system where the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker is located has a short-circuit fault, the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker sends a brake opening command to the main through-current branch circuit when receiving an opening and closing command; triggering a current injection branch thyristor valve, wherein a direct current capacitor of the current injection branch injects reverse current into the main through-current branch for the first time, and simultaneously charges a pulse capacitor; after the first charging is finished, controlling the voltage oscillation branch circuit to be conducted, so that the voltage polarity oscillation of the pulse capacitor in the current injection branch circuit is reversed; triggering the thyristor valve of the current injection branch again, injecting reverse current into the main through-current branch for the second time by using the direct-current capacitor of the current injection branch, and repeating the process until the injected reverse current reaches the fault current peak value, so as to realize arc extinction of the main through-current branch; the short-circuit current of the power system continuously charges the pulse capacitor until the voltage of the pulse capacitor reaches the protection threshold value of the energy dissipation branch circuit, and the current is transferred to the energy dissipation branch circuit until energy dissipation absorption and current clearing are completed.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker provided by the embodiment of the invention, the main through-current branch, the current injection branch, the voltage oscillation branch and the energy dissipation branch are designed in the circuit, when a fault occurs, the current injection branch can inject reverse current into the main through-current branch, and meanwhile, the voltage polarity oscillation of the pulse capacitor can be reversed through the arranged voltage oscillation branch, so that the amplitude of the injected current can be continuously improved through repeating the processes of current injection and oscillation reversal until arc extinction is completed, and finally, energy dissipation absorption and current removal can be completed through the energy dissipation process. The direct current on-off process of the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current breaker is realized.
According to the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker provided by the embodiment of the invention, by arranging the current injection branch and the voltage oscillation branch, the amplitude of the reverse current injected into the main through-current branch can be continuously increased through the voltage oscillation branch, so that the direct current capacitor and the pulse capacitor designed in the current injection branch can respectively select a low-voltage high-capacitance value and a high-voltage low-capacitance value. Meanwhile, the capacitance value of the high-voltage capacitor can be obviously reduced, the number of power electronic devices can be reduced, and the cost and the size of the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker can be greatly reduced.
In the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker and the application method thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention, the main through-current branch only comprises the mechanical switch, so that the through-current loss is low, and water cooling is not required. In the process of realizing arc quenching by the injected current, the amplitude of the injected current is improved by multiple high-frequency oscillations of the direct current capacitor and the pulse capacitor, wherein the pre-charging voltage required by the direct current capacitor is lower, so that the voltage required by triggering a thyristor valve or a thyristor full-bridge module in the current injection branch is lower, therefore, the thyristor in the thyristor valve or the thyristor full-bridge module can select the thyristor with low withstand voltage, and the number of required devices is small; in order to realize high-frequency oscillation, the capacitance value of the pulse capacitor can be designed to be in a microfarad level, namely, the pulse capacitor can select a capacitor bank with a high voltage and a low capacitance value, so that the cost and the volume of the capacitor are greatly reduced. In addition, in the voltage oscillation branch, the spherical gap is used for resisting the turn-off transient voltage, and the auxiliary thyristor only resists the voltage of the current injection branch at two ends of the pulse capacitor in the current oscillation process, and the voltage does not exceed tens of kilovolts, so that fewer devices are needed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a controllable voltage source oscillation type dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a controllable voltage source oscillating dc circuit breaker according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3(a) to fig. 3(f) are schematic structural diagrams illustrating the working principle of the controllable voltage source oscillation type dc circuit breaker according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of an application method of the controllable voltage source oscillation type dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two elements may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be communicated with each other inside the two elements, or may be wirelessly connected or wired connected. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a controllable voltage source oscillation type dc circuit breaker, as shown in fig. 1, the controllable voltage source oscillation type dc circuit breaker includes: the circuit comprises a main through-current branch 10, a current injection branch 20, a voltage oscillation branch 30 and an energy dissipation branch 40, wherein the current injection branch 20 comprises a pulse capacitor C1 and a direct-current capacitor C2, the current injection branch 20 is connected with the main through-current branch 10 in parallel, the voltage oscillation branch 30 is connected with two ends of the pulse capacitor C1 in parallel, and the energy dissipation branch 40 is connected with the main through-current branch 10 in parallel; the main through-current branch 10 is used for conducting direct-current load current, the voltage oscillation branch 30 is used for changing the voltage polarity of the pulse capacitor C1, the current injection branch 20 is used for realizing oscillation boosting of the pulse capacitor C1 and injecting reverse current into the main through-current branch 10, and the energy dissipation branch 40 is used for completing energy dissipation absorption and current clearing.
In one embodiment, the pre-charge voltage of the dc capacitor C2 is less than a first predetermined value, and the capacitance of the pulse capacitor C1 is less than a second predetermined value. In one embodiment, the pre-charge voltage of the dc capacitor C2 may be less than several tens of volts, for example, 20V to 60V; the capacitance of the pulse capacitor C1 may be in the microfarad level, for example, 10 microfarads to 100 microfarads, i.e., the pulse capacitor C1 may select a capacitor bank with a high voltage and a low capacitance.
According to the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker provided by the embodiment of the invention, the main through-current branch circuit 10, the current injection branch circuit 20, the voltage oscillation branch circuit 30 and the energy dissipation branch circuit 40 are designed in the circuit, when a fault occurs, the current injection branch circuit 20 can inject reverse current into the main through-current branch circuit 10, meanwhile, the voltage polarity of the pulse capacitor C1 can be oscillated and reversed through the arranged voltage oscillation branch circuit 30, therefore, the amplitude of the injected current can be continuously increased through repeating the processes of current injection and oscillation reversal until arc extinction is completed, and finally, energy dissipation absorption and current elimination can be completed through the energy dissipation process. The direct current on-off process of the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current breaker is realized.
According to the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker provided by the embodiment of the invention, by arranging the current injection branch 20 and the voltage oscillation branch 30, the amplitude of the reverse current injected into the main through-current branch 10 can be continuously increased by increasing the voltage of the pulse capacitor, so that the direct current capacitor C2 and the pulse capacitor C1 designed in the current injection branch 20 can respectively select a low-voltage high-capacitance value and a high-voltage low-capacitance value, compared with the prior art that the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker adopts a capacitor bank with large capacitance and high voltage, the problem that the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker is large in size and high in cost can be caused, and the cost and the size of the capacitor can be greatly reduced by the direct current capacitor C2 with the low voltage high-capacitance value and the pulse capacitor C1 with the high voltage low capacitance.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, main current branch 10 includes: at least one mechanical switch K. When multiple mechanical switches are included, the multiple mechanical switches may be connected in parallel. The controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker is only provided with a mechanical switch in the main through-current branch 10, so that the through-current loss is low, and water cooling is not needed.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the current injection branch 20 further includes: the inductor L is connected in series with the thyristor valve, the inductor L, the thyristor valve, the direct current capacitor C2 and the pulse capacitor C1. The thyristor valve is used to conduct the current injection branch 20. In particular, when the current injection branch 20 comprises a thyristor T, the controlled voltage source oscillating dc circuit breaker can realize unidirectional opening. In an embodiment, when the controlled voltage source oscillating type dc circuit breaker realizes unidirectional opening, the voltage oscillating branch 30 includes: a ball gap G and a third control circuit connected in series. At this time, the third control circuit includes: the first auxiliary thyristor Taux.
In an embodiment, the controlled voltage source oscillation type dc circuit breaker can also realize bidirectional breaking, in this case, as shown in fig. 2, the current injection branch 20 further includes: the thyristor full-bridge module comprises a first thyristor T1, a second thyristor T2, a third thyristor T3 and a fourth thyristor T4 which are connected in series, the inductor L, a direct current capacitor C2 and a pulse capacitor C1 are connected in series, the anode of the first thyristor T1 is connected with the anode of the fourth thyristor T4, one end of the direct current capacitor C2 and one end of the main current-flowing branch circuit 10, and the cathode of the second thyristor T2 is connected with the cathode of the third thyristor T3, the other end of the direct current capacitor C2 and one end of the inductor L. In an embodiment, when the controlled voltage source oscillating dc circuit breaker realizes bidirectional breaking, the voltage oscillating branch 30 includes: a ball gap G and a third control circuit connected in series. At this time, the third control circuit includes: a second auxiliary thyristor Taux1 and a third auxiliary thyristor Taux2 connected in series.
In a specific embodiment, the withstand voltage values of the first auxiliary thyristor Taux, the second auxiliary thyristor Taux1 and the third auxiliary thyristor Taux2 are 5 kv to 10 kv. The withstand voltage values of the thyristor T, the first thyristor T1, the second thyristor T2, the third thyristor T3 and the fourth thyristor T4 are less than 90 kilovolts.
In one embodiment, the energy dissipation branch 40 includes a plurality of Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs) or arresters connected in series. In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2, the controlled voltage source oscillation type DC circuit breaker further includes a DC power source DC for precharging the DC capacitor C2, and a switch S may be disposed between the DC power source DC and the DC capacitor C2 for opening after the DC power source DC fully charges the capacitor.
In an embodiment, when the controlled voltage source oscillating dc circuit breaker adopts a unidirectional cut-off topology, the current injection branch 20 of the controlled voltage source oscillating dc circuit breaker includes a pulse capacitor C1, a dc capacitor C2, an inductor L and a thyristor T connected in series, and the voltage oscillating branch 30 includes a high voltage ball gap and a first auxiliary thyristor Taux connected in series. As shown in fig. 3(a), when the power system in which the controllable voltage source oscillation type dc circuit breaker is located operates normally, the mechanical switch in the main current-through branch 10 is closed, the thyristor T and the first auxiliary thyristor Taux are both in a locked state, and the system load current flows through the mechanical switch. As shown in fig. 3(b), when a short-circuit fault occurs on the right side (port 2) of the circuit breaker, the circuit breaker receives an opening command: first, a switching-off command is sent to the mechanical switch. The mechanical switch is used for arcing and opening until a designed opening distance enough to endure transient switching-on and switching-off voltage is reached; as shown in fig. 3(C), the trigger thyristor is turned on, the dc capacitor C2 injects a reverse oscillation current to the mechanical switch K through the inductor L, and charges the pulse capacitor C1 until the current decays to zero (the thyristor has unidirectional conductivity); as shown in fig. 3(d), the voltage polarity of the trigger ball gap G and the first auxiliary thyristor Taux, and the pulse capacitor C1 are reversed; as shown in fig. 3(e), the above-mentioned processes of the injection current and the oscillation reversal are repeated, the amplitude of the injection current is continuously raised until the mechanical switch current crosses zero, the arc extinction is completed, and the system short-circuit current charges the pulse capacitor C1 until the protection threshold of the energy dissipation branch 40 is reached; as shown in fig. 3(f), current is diverted into energy dissipation branch 40, completing energy dissipation sinking and current scavenging.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, when the controlled voltage source oscillating dc circuit breaker adopts a bidirectional switching topology, the current injection branch 20 of the controlled voltage source oscillating dc circuit breaker includes a pulse capacitor C1, a dc capacitor C2 and an inductor L connected in series, a thyristor full-bridge module formed by connecting a first thyristor T1, a second thyristor T2, a third thyristor T3 and a fourth thyristor T4 in series is designed at the periphery of the dc capacitor C2, and the voltage oscillating branch 30 includes a ball gap G and a third control circuit connected in series. At this time, the third control circuit includes: a second auxiliary thyristor Taux1 and a third auxiliary thyristor Taux2 connected in series. Specifically, when the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker adopts a bidirectional switching topology form, the working principle of the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker is the same as that of a unidirectional switching controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker, but a thyristor which needs to be triggered needs to be selected according to the fault current direction. Similarly, taking the right side (port 2) of the circuit breaker as an example of fault disconnection, when the thyristor is triggered in the unidirectional disconnection process, the first thyristor T1 and the third thyristor T3 need to be triggered in the bidirectional disconnection process; when the unidirectional cut-off triggers the first auxiliary thyristor, the bidirectional cut-off needs to trigger the second auxiliary thyristor Taux 1. When the current direction is the other direction, the second thyristor T2 and the fourth thyristor T4 need to be triggered first, and the third auxiliary thyristor Taux2 needs to be triggered later.
According to the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker provided by the embodiment of the invention, the main through-current branch 10 only comprises a mechanical switch, so that the through-current loss is low, and water cooling is not required. In the process of realizing arc quenching of the injected current, the amplitude of the injected current is improved through multiple high-frequency oscillations of the direct current capacitor C2 and the pulse capacitor C1, wherein the required pre-charging voltage of the direct current capacitor C2 is lower, so that the voltage required by triggering the thyristor valve or the thyristor full-bridge module in the current injection branch 20 is lower, and therefore the thyristors with low withstand voltage can be selected by the thyristors in the thyristor valve or the thyristor full-bridge module, and the required number of devices is small; in order to realize high-frequency oscillation, the capacitance value of the pulse capacitor C1 can be designed to be in a microfarad level, namely, the pulse capacitor C1 can select a capacitor bank with high voltage and low capacitance value, so that the cost and the volume of the capacitor are greatly reduced. In addition, in the voltage oscillation branch 30, the spherical gap is used for resisting the turn-off transient voltage, and the auxiliary thyristor only resists the voltage across the pulse capacitor C1 of the current injection branch 20 during the current oscillation, and does not exceed tens of kV, so that fewer devices are required.
The controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current breaker provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of no loss, strong overcurrent capacity, no need of a water cooling system, and capability of achieving tens of kiloamperes of cut-off current, thereby meeting the application requirements of a direct current system; meanwhile, the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker realizes the arc extinguishing and turn-off of a mechanical switch by utilizing the oscillation boosting principle, a high-voltage power electronic switch and a high-voltage large-capacity capacitor bank are not needed, and the volume and the cost of equipment are greatly reduced.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an application method of a controllable voltage source oscillation type dc circuit breaker, as shown in fig. 4, the method includes the following steps:
step S101: when the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker receives a switching-on/off command after a short-circuit fault occurs in an electric power system where the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker is located, the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker sends a switching-off command to a main through-current branch; specifically, main current branch 10 includes: at least one mechanical switch. When multiple mechanical switches are included, the multiple mechanical switches may be connected in parallel. The controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker is only provided with a mechanical switch in the main through-current branch 10, so that the through-current loss is low, and water cooling is not needed.
Step S102: and triggering a thyristor valve of the current injection branch, injecting reverse current into the main through-current branch by using a direct current capacitor of the current injection branch for the first time, and charging a pulse capacitor at the same time.
In an embodiment, when the controlled voltage source oscillating dc circuit breaker adopts a unidirectional switching topology, the current injection branch 20 of the controlled voltage source oscillating dc circuit breaker includes a pulse capacitor C1, a dc capacitor C2, an inductor L and a thyristor T connected in series, when the current injection branch 20 is controlled to be turned on, the thyristor T may be triggered to be turned on first, and the dc capacitor C2 injects a reverse oscillating current to the mechanical switch K through the inductor L and charges the pulse capacitor C1 until the current decays to zero (the thyristor has unidirectional conductivity).
In an embodiment, when the controllable voltage source oscillation type dc circuit breaker adopts a bidirectional switching topology, the current injection branch 20 of the controllable voltage source oscillation type dc circuit breaker includes a pulse capacitor C1, a dc capacitor C2 and an inductor L connected in series, and a thyristor full-bridge module formed by connecting a first thyristor, a second thyristor, a third thyristor and a fourth thyristor in series is designed at the periphery of the dc capacitor C2, specifically, when the current injection branch 20 is controlled to be turned on, the first thyristor T1 and the third thyristor T3 or the second thyristor T2 and the fourth thyristor T4 may be selectively triggered according to a fault current direction, and the dc capacitor C2 injects a reverse oscillation current to the mechanical switch K through the inductor L and charges the pulse capacitor C1 until the current decays to zero.
Step S103: after the first charging is finished, the voltage oscillation branch is controlled to be conducted, so that the voltage polarity oscillation of the pulse capacitor in the current injection branch is reversed.
Step S104: triggering the thyristor valve of the current injection branch again, injecting reverse current into the main through-current branch for the second time by the direct-current capacitor of the current injection branch, repeating the process, triggering the thyristor valve to inject the current, and charging the pulse voltage; triggering a voltage oscillation branch circuit, and reversing pulse voltage; and then triggering the thyristor valve, oscillating for many times, and improving the voltage of the pulse capacitor, thereby realizing the increase of the amplitude of the injection current. Until the injected reverse current reaches the fault current peak value, arc quenching of the main through-current branch is realized;
in an embodiment, when the controlled voltage source oscillating dc circuit breaker adopts a unidirectional cut-off topology, the voltage oscillating branch 30 comprises a high voltage ball gap and a first auxiliary thyristor Taux connected in series. When the control voltage oscillation branch is conducted, the ball gap G and the first auxiliary thyristor Taux may be triggered first, and the voltage polarity oscillation of the pulse capacitor C1 is reversed; and repeating the process of step S103 of oscillating and reversing and step S104 of injecting the current again, and continuously increasing the amplitude of the injected current until the current of the mechanical switch crosses zero to finish arc quenching.
In one embodiment, when the controlled voltage source oscillating dc circuit breaker adopts a topology of bidirectional breaking, the voltage oscillating branch 30 includes a high voltage ball gap and a third control circuit connected in series. At this time, the third control circuit includes: a second auxiliary thyristor and a third auxiliary thyristor connected in series. Specifically, when the control voltage oscillation branch is turned on, the second auxiliary thyristor Taux1 or the third auxiliary thyristor can be selectively triggered according to the fault current direction, so that the voltage polarity oscillation of the pulse capacitor C1C1 is reversed; and repeating the process of step S103 of oscillating and reversing and step S104 of injecting the current again, and continuously increasing the amplitude of the injected current until the current of the mechanical switch crosses zero to finish arc quenching.
Step S105: the short-circuit current of the power system continuously charges the pulse capacitor until the voltage of the pulse capacitor reaches the protection threshold value of the energy dissipation branch circuit, and the current is transferred to the energy dissipation branch circuit until energy dissipation absorption and current clearing are completed.
In the application method of the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker provided by the embodiment of the invention, the main through-current branch 10 only comprises a mechanical switch, so that the through-current loss is low, and water cooling is not required. In the process of realizing arc quenching of the injected current, the amplitude of the injected current is improved through multiple high-frequency oscillations of the direct current capacitor C2 and the pulse capacitor C1, wherein the required pre-charging voltage of the direct current capacitor C2 is lower, so that the voltage required by triggering the thyristor valve or the thyristor full-bridge module in the current injection branch 20 is lower, and therefore the thyristors with low withstand voltage can be selected by the thyristors in the thyristor valve or the thyristor full-bridge module, and the required number of devices is small; in order to realize high-frequency oscillation, the capacitance value of the pulse capacitor C1 can be designed to be in a microfarad level, namely, the pulse capacitor can select a capacitor bank with high voltage and low capacitance value, so that the cost and the volume of the capacitor are greatly reduced. In addition, in the voltage oscillating branch 30, the spherical gap is used for withstanding the turn-off transient voltage, and the auxiliary thyristor only withstands the voltage across the pulse capacitor of the current injection branch 20 during the current oscillation, not more than tens of kilovolts, so that fewer devices are required.
In the application method of the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current breaker provided by the embodiment of the invention, the cut-off current can reach dozens of kiloamperes, and the application requirement of a direct current system is met; meanwhile, the application method of the controllable voltage source oscillation type direct current circuit breaker realizes the arc extinguishing and turn-off of the mechanical switch by utilizing the oscillation boosting principle, does not need to use a high-voltage power electronic switch and a high-voltage large-capacity capacitor bank, and greatly reduces the volume and the cost of equipment.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with respect to the exemplary embodiments and the advantages thereof, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. For other examples, one of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate that the order of the process steps may be varied while maintaining the scope of the present invention.
Moreover, the scope of the present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments of the process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, means, methods and steps described in the specification. As one of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate from the disclosure of the present invention, processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps, presently existing or later to be developed, that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding embodiments described herein may be utilized according to the present invention. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to include within their scope such processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110237003.7A CN112865042B (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2021-03-03 | A controllable voltage source oscillation type DC circuit breaker and its application method |
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| CN113422359A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-09-21 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Direct current breaker and application method thereof |
| CN113422360A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-09-21 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Direct current breaker and control method |
| CN113422358A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-09-21 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Active oscillation type direct current breaker and application method thereof |
| CN113839370A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-12-24 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | A voltage-regulated oscillating DC circuit breaker and its control method |
| CN113965189A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-01-21 | 南京智开电气有限公司 | Device for circulating and switching on/off line current and control method thereof |
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