CN112864587B - Antenna device and wireless communication device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application relates to an antenna device, comprising a metal floor provided with a clearance area; a feed port connected to the metal floor; a first radiator disposed in the clearance area and connected to the metal floor; a radiation branch connected to the feed port at one end , the other end is connected to the first radiator; and the second radiator is arranged in the clearance area, the second radiator is connected to the metal floor and forms electromagnetic coupling with the first radiator. The above-mentioned antenna device can simultaneously realize resonance of multiple frequency bands on a single antenna, and occupies a small space. The present application also relates to a wireless communication device.

Description

Antenna device and wireless communication equipment

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to an antenna device and a wireless communication device with the antenna device.

Background technique

An antenna on a wireless communication device is a structure installed on the wireless communication device to receive and transmit transceiver signals. Since different wireless communication providers use different signal transmission frequency bands, to ensure that wireless communication equipment can receive wireless signals conveniently and clearly, its antenna device needs to be able to work in multiple frequency bands.

A traditional multi-frequency antenna is usually provided with multiple feeding ports to form multiple antennas, or multiple parasitic resonances are provided to increase the frequency band. However, this method will increase the space size of the antenna device, which is not conducive to use in wireless communication devices that are increasingly miniaturized.

Contents of the invention

Based on this, it is necessary to address the above problems and provide an antenna device that is suitable for metal environments, has a small volume, and can generate multi-frequency resonance.

An antenna device comprising a metal floor provided with a clearance area; a feed port connected to the metal floor; a first radiator disposed in the clearance area and connected to the metal floor; a radiation branch connected to the metal floor at one end The feed port is connected, and the other end is connected to the first radiator; The body forms an electromagnetic coupling.

In the above antenna device, the first radiator and the second radiator are electromagnetically coupled, and realize multi-band resonance by sharing radiation branches. Therefore, the layout of the antenna device is compact and reasonable, and the space size of the antenna device will not be increased while achieving multi-frequency resonance. At the same time, the antenna device has only one feed port, which avoids the mutual influence between the feed ports, and does not need to separate the feed ports through devices such as duplexers, thereby reducing the loss on the transmission path and improving signal transmission. efficiency.

In one of the embodiments, the clear area includes a groove opened on the edge of the metal floor, one end of the first radiator is connected to the groove wall of the groove, and the other end is parallel to the groove. The direction of the groove bottom extends.

In one of the embodiments, the groove bottom of the groove is a plane or a curved surface.

In one embodiment, the radiation branch includes a first radiation branch connected to the feeding port and arranged parallel to the first radiator; and a second radiation branch, one end of which is far away from the first radiation branch One end of the feeding port is connected, and the other end extends in a direction perpendicular to the first radiating branch and is connected to the first radiating body; the second radiating branch divides the first radiating body into a radiation area and a coupling area, the radiation area is connected to the metal floor, and the coupling area is spaced apart from the second radiator for forming electromagnetic coupling with the second radiator.

In one embodiment, one end of the second radiator is connected to the groove wall on the side of the groove away from the first radiator, and the other end extends in a direction parallel to the groove bottom of the groove and is connected to the groove wall. The coupling regions are arranged at intervals.

In one embodiment, it further includes a parasitic radiation branch, one end of which is connected to the metal floor and the other end is a free end, and the parasitic radiation branch is spaced apart from the radiation branch to form an electromagnetic coupling.

In one of the embodiments, a matching unit is further included, the matching unit is connected between the feeding port and the radiation branch, and is used for tuning the resonance frequency and the bandwidth of the antenna device.

In one embodiment, the clearance area is filled with plastic material, and both the first radiator and the second radiator are disposed on the surface of the plastic material.

A wireless communication device, including a communication module, the communication module includes a radio frequency unit, wherein, the communication module further includes the above-mentioned antenna device, the feeding port is connected to the radio frequency unit, and is used to connect with the radio frequency unit The radio frequency unit performs signal transmission.

The wireless communication device mentioned above can meet various signal transmission frequency bands simultaneously by adjusting the position, size and shape of each branch in the antenna device, and the wireless communication device has a metal casing with a stylish appearance, which meets market demand.

In one embodiment, the radiation branch, the first radiator and the second radiator are all formed by conductive structures on the wireless communication device.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the antenna device of the present application;

2 is a schematic diagram of the current path of the antenna device of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the frequency response of an embodiment of the antenna device of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the antenna device of the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the associated drawings. Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. However, the present invention can be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed” to another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can also be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. As used herein, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "circumferential" and similar expressions are based on the The orientation or positional relationship shown in the figure is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a reference to this invention. Invention Limitations.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field of the invention. The terms used herein in the description of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

In the traditional technology, technicians also increase the frequency band and bandwidth supported by the antenna by adding aperture switches. However, since aperture tuning essentially means that the antenna changes different resonances at different times to meet different frequency bands, it can only meet the time-sharing requirements of frequency bands, such as cellular antennas. However, when multiple frequency bands need to be supported at the same time, the aperture switch cannot meet the requirements, and the addition of the aperture switch device will also lead to an increase in the preparation cost of the antenna. For antennas that use a single resonance to cover different frequency bands or generate two resonances to meet different frequency bands, there is usually a problem that the single resonance frequency band is not wide or the distance between the two resonance frequencies is not far away.

In addition, in order to pursue a fashionable appearance, the wireless communication equipment usually uses metal to prepare the frame of the wireless communication equipment. However, the metal environment will cause loss of signal transmission, which also poses a challenge to the design of the antenna device.

The defects in the above solutions are all the results obtained by the inventor after practice and careful research. Therefore, the discovery process of the above problems and the solutions to the above problems proposed by the embodiments of the present application below should all be inventions. Contributions made to this application by individuals during the course of this application.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , the present application provides an antenna device that can be used as a back shell of a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone, and includes a metal floor 100 , an antenna body and a feed port 10 , and the feed port 10 is connected to the metal floor 100 . A clearance area 20 is provided on the metal floor 100 to reserve an open space for the antenna, so as to prevent electromagnetic waves from being shielded or interfered by the metal floor 100 when the antenna transmits and receives electromagnetic waves.

The main body of the antenna is disposed on the metal floor 100 and includes a radiation branch 103 , a first radiator 101 and a second radiator 102 .

Specifically, the first radiator 101 is disposed in the clearance area 20 and connected to the metal floor 100 through the radiation branch 103 . At this time, the radiating branch 103 , the first radiating body 101 and the metal floor 100 form a first radiating structure. By adjusting the size, position, and shape of the first radiator 101 , the first radiation structure can be provided with two current paths, and then the first radiation structure can achieve dual-frequency resonance. As shown in Figure 2, the two current paths are respectively the first current path 1 and the second current path 2, wherein the first current path 1 is shown by a thicker solid line with an arrow, and the corresponding resonant frequency is the first The resonant frequency f1, the second current path 2 is shown by the dotted line with arrows, and the corresponding resonant frequency is the second resonant frequency f2.

The second radiator 102 is disposed in the clearance area 20 , and the second radiator 20 is connected to the metal floor 100 and forms an electromagnetic coupling with the first radiator 101 . Electromagnetic coupling mentioned in this case means indirect electrical connection. At this time, the radiating branch 103 , the second radiating body 102 and the metal floor 100 form a second radiating structure. As shown in FIG. 2 , a third current path 3 is formed in the second radiating structure, indicated by a dotted line with an arrow, and the corresponding resonant frequency is the third resonant frequency f3 .

In the above antenna device, the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102 form an electromagnetic coupling, and achieve resonance in at least three frequency bands by sharing the radiation branch 103 . The antenna device is a single antenna device with a compact and reasonable layout, and does not increase the space size of the antenna device while realizing multi-frequency resonance. At the same time, the antenna device has only one feed port 10, which avoids the mutual influence between different feed ports, and does not need to separate the feed ports through devices such as duplexers, thereby reducing the loss on the transmission path and improving the signal quality. transmission efficiency.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 , the clearance area 20 includes a groove opened on the edge of the metal floor 100, and the first radiator 101 is connected to the groove wall of the groove and runs along the groove parallel to the bottom of the groove. The direction extends, and the groove bottom of the groove can be a plane or a curved surface. By arranging the first radiator 101 along the direction parallel to the groove bottom of the clearance area 20, it is convenient to adjust the length of the first current path 1, and at the same time, it also makes the layout of the first radiation structure more reasonable and orderly, which is beneficial to reduce the The space occupied by the antenna body. In addition, setting the groove bottom of the clearance area 20 as a plane also facilitates the processing of the antenna device, and setting the groove bottom of the clearance area 20 as a curved surface can make full use of the space in the clearance area 20, and facilitate the adjustment of the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 101. The length of the two radiators 102 is further beneficial to adjust the antenna device to achieve resonance in different frequency bands.

Further, please continue to refer to FIG. 1, the radiation branch 103 includes a first radiation branch 1031, the first radiation branch 1031 is connected to the feed port 10 and arranged in parallel with the first radiator 101; and the second radiation branch 1032, the second radiation One end of the branch 1032 is connected to the end of the first radiating branch 1031 away from the feeding port 10, and the other end extends in a direction perpendicular to the first radiating branch 1031 and is connected to the middle of the first radiator 101; the second radiating branch 1032 connects the first radiating branch 1031 A radiator 101 is divided into a radiation area 1011 and a coupling area 1012 . Further, the radiation area 1011 is connected to the metal floor 100, thereby forming a first radiation structure with the radiation branches 103 and the metal floor 100; the coupling area 1012 is spaced from the second radiator, and is used to form electromagnetic coupling with the second radiator 102, Thus, the radiation stub 103 forms a second radiation structure with the second radiator 102 and the metal floor 100 through the coupling region 1012 . Wherein the resonance mode of the first radiating structure and the second radiating structure may be a loop resonance mode.

Furthermore, one end of the second radiator 102 is connected to the groove wall of the clearance area 20 away from the first radiator 101 , and the other end extends parallel to the groove bottom of the clearance area 20 and is spaced apart from the coupling area 1012 . Preferably, the second radiator 102 and the first radiator 101 are located in a plane parallel to the groove bottom of the clearance area 20 . It should be pointed out that the size of the gap between the end of the second radiator 102 close to the coupling region 1012 and the coupling region 1012 can be adjusted according to the actual resonant frequency requirements, so as to realize the multi-band resonance of the antenna device of the present application.

In addition, by setting the radiation branch 103 as the first radiation branch 1031 and the second radiation branch 1032 vertically connected end to end, it is also beneficial to adjust the position, size and shape of the radiation branch 103, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the resonant frequency of the antenna device. and bandwidth adjustments.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the antenna arrangement further includes a parasitic radiation stub 104 . Specifically, one end of the parasitic radiation stub 104 is connected to the metal floor 100 through a connecting piece 105 , and the other end is suspended as a free end. The parasitic radiation stub 104 is spaced adjacent to the radiation stub to form electromagnetic coupling, so that a fourth current path 4 can be formed in the parasitic radiation stub 104, as shown in FIG. 2 , the fourth current path 4 is defined by the thinner solid line with arrow It is shown that the corresponding resonance frequency is the fourth resonance frequency f4. By adding the parasitic radiation branch 104, additional resonant frequencies in different frequency bands can be added, so that the antenna device can realize the resonance effect of multiple frequency bands at the same time. It can be understood that the radiation stub 103 , the first radiator 101 , the second radiator 102 and the parasitic radiation stub are all made of conductive materials.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the frequency response of the antenna device of this embodiment, wherein the horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents return loss in dB. The first resonant frequency f1 , the second resonant frequency f2 , the third resonant frequency f3 and the fourth resonant frequency f4 are respectively shown in FIG. 3 by solid arrows. In this embodiment, the return loss takes -5dB as a reference standard, that is, a return loss lower than -5dB indicates that the communication quality is within an acceptable range. It can be seen from Fig. 3 that the first resonant frequency f1 can cover low-frequency diversity near 1.175 GHz, the fourth resonant frequency f4 can cover the GPS frequency band near 1.5 GHz, and the second resonant frequency f2 can cover the WiFi communication frequency band near 2.4 GHz. The third resonance frequency f3 can cover high frequency diversity around 2.9 GHz.

Corresponding to signals of different frequency bands, the current in the antenna device of this embodiment will respectively pass through corresponding current paths to realize multi-band operation. Specifically, the frequency band and bandwidth of the resonant frequency can be adjusted by adjusting the position, shape and size of each branch. In addition, the size of the antenna device is small, the required space is small, and the practicability is strong.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the antenna device may further include a matching unit. The matching unit is connected between the feeding port 10 and the radiation stub 103 . Specifically, the matching unit is connected between the feeding port 10 and the first radiation branch 1031, and is used for tuning the resonant frequency and bandwidth of the antenna device. The performance of each radiating structure can be improved by the tuning action of the matching elements.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the clearance area 20 is filled with plastic material, and the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102 are both disposed on the surface of the plastic material. By filling the clearance area 20 with non-metallic structures such as plastic, a solid and beautiful effect can be achieved. At the same time, the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102 are arranged on the surface of the plastic, so that the layout of the antenna body can be clearly defined and will not Take up too much space. The depth of the headroom area 20 is on the order of millimeters, so as to ensure that the entire antenna device has a high structural firmness, and can also ensure a beautiful appearance.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the radiating branch 103, the first radiating body 101, and the second radiating body 102 can be adaptively bent according to the internal structure of the wireless communication device. As shown in Figure 4, since the clearance zone 20 is set at the corner, the bottom of the clearance zone 20 is an arc surface at this time, which is conducive to adjusting the length of the first radiator 101, and correspondingly, the second radiator 101 can also be adjusted 102 is bent adaptively to make full use of the space of the clearance area 20, so that the structure of the main body of the antenna is more compact, and this will not affect the multi-frequency resonance effect of the antenna device. It can be understood that FIG. 4 only represents an embodiment, and the radiating branch 103 , the first radiator 101 , and the second radiator 102 in the antenna device can also be bent in other shapes according to actual space requirements.

The present application also provides a wireless communication device, including a communication module, the communication module includes a radio frequency unit, wherein the communication module also includes the antenna device as described above, and the feed port 10 is connected to the radio frequency unit for connecting with the radio frequency unit for signal transmission.

The above wireless communication device can simultaneously satisfy various signal transmission frequency bands by adjusting the position, size and shape of each branch in the antenna device, thereby facilitating the wireless communication process. In addition, the wireless communication device has a metal casing with a stylish appearance, which meets market demand.

In this embodiment, the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102 can be formed by a conductive structure in the wireless communication device, such as a metal shell, thereby further reducing the space size of the antenna device, which is beneficial to realize the miniaturization of the wireless communication device development. The wireless communication device may be a mobile phone, wrist watch device, earphone device or other wearable devices, and the wireless communication device may also be other electronic devices such as a TV set, a set-top box, and a digital camera.

The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, should be considered as within the scope of this specification.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent for the present invention should be based on the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An antenna device, comprising:

a metal floor provided with a clearance area;

a feed port connected with the metal floor;

the first radiator is arranged in the clearance area and is connected with the metal floor; the clearance area comprises a groove formed in the edge of the metal floor, one end of the first radiator is connected with the wall of the groove, and the other end of the first radiator extends along the direction parallel to the bottom of the groove;

one end of the radiation branch is connected with the feed port, and the other end of the radiation branch is connected with the first radiator; the radiation branches, the first radiator and the metal floor form a first radiation structure, and a first current path and a second current path are formed in the first radiation structure; the resonant frequency corresponding to the first current path is a first resonant frequency, and the resonant frequency corresponding to the second current path is a second resonant frequency; the method comprises the steps of,

the second radiator is arranged in the clearance area, is connected with the metal floor and is in electromagnetic coupling with the first radiator;

the radiation branches, the second radiator and the metal floor form a second radiation structure, a third current path is formed in the second radiation structure, and the resonant frequency corresponding to the third current path is a third resonant frequency;

the radiation branch includes:

the first radiation branch is connected with the feed port and is arranged in parallel with the first radiator; the method comprises the steps of,

one end of the second radiation branch is connected with one end of the first radiation branch, which is far away from the feed port, and the other end of the second radiation branch extends along the direction perpendicular to the first radiation branch and is connected with the first radiator;

the second radiation branches divide the first radiator into a radiation area and a coupling area, the radiation area is connected with the metal floor, and the coupling area is arranged at intervals with the second radiator and is used for forming electromagnetic coupling with the second radiator.

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the radiating area is connected to a metal floor so as to form a first radiating structure with the first radiating stub, the second radiating stub, and the metal floor; the first radiation branch knot and the second radiation branch knot form a second radiation structure with the second radiator and the metal floor through the coupling area.

3. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the recess is a plane or a curved surface.

4. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein the resonant modes of the first radiating structure and the second radiating structure comprise loop resonant modes.

5. The antenna device according to claim 4, wherein one end of the second radiator is connected to a groove wall of a side of the groove away from the first radiator, and the other end extends in a direction parallel to a groove bottom of the groove and is spaced apart from the coupling region.

6. The antenna device according to claim 1, further comprising:

and one end of the parasitic radiation branch is connected with the metal floor, the other end of the parasitic radiation branch is a free end, and the parasitic radiation branch and the radiation branch are arranged at intervals to form electromagnetic coupling.

7. The antenna device according to claim 1, further comprising a matching unit, which is interposed between the feed port and the radiating stub, for tuning the resonant frequency and bandwidth of the antenna device.

8. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the clearance area is filled with a plastic material, and the first radiator and the second radiator are both disposed on a surface of the plastic material.

9. A wireless communication device comprising a communication module, the communication module comprising a radio frequency unit, characterized in that the communication module further comprises an antenna arrangement according to any of claims 1-8, wherein the feed port is connected to the radio frequency unit for signal transmission with the radio frequency unit.

10. The wireless communication device of claim 9, wherein the radiating stub, the first radiator, and the second radiator are each formed from conductive structures on the wireless communication device.

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