CN112855871A - Two-gear transfer case with electric control power distribution and mechanical locking - Google Patents
Two-gear transfer case with electric control power distribution and mechanical locking Download PDFInfo
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- CN112855871A CN112855871A CN202110071402.0A CN202110071402A CN112855871A CN 112855871 A CN112855871 A CN 112855871A CN 202110071402 A CN202110071402 A CN 202110071402A CN 112855871 A CN112855871 A CN 112855871A
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010063385 Intellectualisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/20—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially using gears that can be moved out of gear
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
- F16H57/043—Guidance of lubricant within rotary parts, e.g. axial channels or radial openings in shafts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/0434—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control
- F16H57/0436—Pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/32—Gear shift yokes, e.g. shift forks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/34—Locking or disabling mechanisms
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a two-gear transfer case with electric control power distribution and mechanical locking, which can simultaneously realize the functions of switching high and low gear planetary gear, executing mechanical locking and adjusting a clutch pressing mechanism through a motor actuator. The motor actuator can drive the gear shifting cam to enable the mechanical lock between the front output shaft and the rear output shaft to be in a locking state when the transfer case is engaged in a low gear; when the transfer case is connected at a high gear, the mechanical lock between the front output shaft and the rear output shaft is in a separated state, and the clutch pressing mechanism can be adjusted as required according to the adhesion working conditions of the front wheels and the rear wheels on the road surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle transmission, and particularly relates to a two-gear transfer case with electric control power distribution and mechanical locking.
Background
The transfer case is generally used for a four-wheel drive vehicle, and the power of a gearbox is output to a front axle and a rear axle for driving the vehicle. The transfer case on the market at present has a manual transfer case with a chain transmission structure and an active transfer case for distributing the power of a front shaft and a rear shaft based on a clutch. However, a transfer case performing front and rear shaft power distribution based on a clutch is limited by the thermal capacity of the clutch, and thermal protection stop operation may occur in extreme off-road conditions.
In the prior art, some technologies related to transfer case application are disclosed, and CN 102922994B discloses an automobile transmission system, which comprises a front axle, a rear axle, an inter-axle transmission shaft, a controller unit and a torque manager, wherein one front transmission shaft of the front axle is connected with a gearbox, the gearbox is connected with a transfer case, and the output end of the transfer case is respectively connected with the other front transmission shaft and the inter-axle transmission shaft; the speed reducer of the rear axle is respectively connected with two rear driving shafts, a torque manager is assembled between the transmission shaft between the axles and the speed reducer, and the output of the controller unit controls whether the torque manager outputs torque to the rear axle or not and the magnitude of the output torque; the first power output end of the transfer case is connected with the right front driving shaft through a real shaft, the second power output end of the transfer case is connected with the gear set through a hollow shaft, and the controller unit determines whether to output torque to a rear axle or not according to the vehicle speed, the fuel consumption and/or the opening degree of an engine throttle valve so as to realize that the driving mode of the whole vehicle is four-wheel drive at the right time. There is no mention in this document of how to increase the thermal capacity of the clutch in off-road situations.
With the development of the automobile industry technology and the promotion of the intelligent requirement of consumers on a four-wheel drive system, an active transfer case with front and rear shaft power distribution becomes the development key point, how to realize the active power distribution and meet the ultimate off-road performance, and the defect of insufficient heat capacity of a clutch is overcome, so that the active transfer case is the development key point of the transfer case.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a two-gear transfer case with electric control power distribution and mechanical locking, which actively distributes front and rear axle power through a clutch, realizes the intellectualization of a four-wheel drive system, improves the response of the four-wheel drive system, and meets the automatic power distribution of ice, snow and wet and slippery road surfaces; the clutch has the advantages that the mechanical lock is arranged, the mechanical locking of the front axle and the rear axle can be realized, the passing performance under the extreme cross-country working condition is ensured, and the defect of insufficient heat capacity of the clutch is overcome; the traction mechanism has two gears, namely high and low gears, meets different traction force requirements, is driven by high gears under normal highway working conditions, and is driven by low gears under extreme off-road working conditions. The three functions of the invention are completed by only one motor actuator, the structure is reasonable, and the performance of the vehicle is improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a two-gear transfer case with electric control power distribution and mechanical locking, which comprises an input shaft, a rear output shaft, a mechanical lock fork disc, a front output shaft, a clutch pressing mechanism, a guide shaft, a gear shifting cam and a motor actuator, wherein the input shaft is connected with the rear output shaft through the mechanical lock fork disc;
the input shaft is sequentially connected with the sun gear and the first gear sleeve, and the gear ring of the high-low gear planetary row is connected with the shell; the gear shifting fork pulling disc is connected with the rear output shaft through a sliding spline, when the gear shifting fork pulling disc moves towards the direction close to the input shaft, the second gear sleeve is meshed with the first gear sleeve, the high-low gear planetary row is in a high-gear position, and power is directly transmitted to the rear output shaft through the sun gear; when the gear shifting fork disc moves towards the direction far away from the input shaft, the second gear sleeve is meshed with the third gear sleeve, the high-low gear planetary row is in the low gear position, and power is output to a rear output shaft from the planet carrier after being subjected to speed reduction and torque increase of the high-low gear planetary row;
the mechanical lock shifting fork disc is connected with the rear output shaft through a sliding spline, when the mechanical lock shifting fork disc moves towards the direction close to the input shaft, the fourth gear sleeve and the fifth gear sleeve are separated, and the mechanical lock is loosened; when the mechanical lock shifting fork disc moves towards the direction far away from the input shaft, the fourth gear sleeve is meshed with the fifth gear sleeve, and the mechanical lock is locked;
the front output shaft obtains power from the rear output shaft through a driven chain wheel, a transmission chain and a driving chain wheel;
the clutch pressing mechanism comprises a pressure plate, a driven ball cam plate, a driving ball cam plate, a ball, a first driving gear, a second driving gear and a third driving gear; a first driving gear of a clutch pressing mechanism is supported by the rear output shaft to rotate, a motor actuator drives the first driving gear through a gear train formed by the first driving gear, a second driving gear and a third driving gear, a driving ball cam plate rotates for a certain angle through a boss inside a ring groove of the first driving gear, and different depths of balls in the ring groove can cause different displacements of a driven ball cam plate in the axial direction, so that the pressing degree of the clutch is adjusted;
the guide shaft is arranged in parallel with the input shaft, and two ends of the guide shaft are respectively in tight fit and fixation with the inner groove of the shell and are used for supporting the shifting fork, the mechanical lock shifting fork to move along the axial direction and the rotary motion of the second driving gear;
the gear shifting cam is arranged on the gear shifting shaft and is matched with the energy storage spring; when the second gear sleeve or the fourth gear sleeve cannot be meshed in place due to misalignment of meshing teeth, the energy storage spring is compressed, and the generated pressing force acts on the second gear sleeve or the fourth gear sleeve through a shifting fork or a mechanical lock shifting fork arranged on a guide shaft, so that the second gear sleeve or the fourth gear sleeve is meshed in place; meanwhile, a return spring is arranged on the guide shaft and used for returning the mechanical lock shifting fork;
the motor actuator is arranged at one end of the gear shifting shaft and drives the gear shifting shaft, a gear shifting cam and a third driving gear which are arranged on the gear shifting shaft to rotate, and the motor actuator can realize high-low gear switching, mechanical lock locking and clutch pressing actions at the same time.
Preferably, the shift shaft rotates in a first rotational angle range, the high-low range planetary gear set maintains a high range position, the mechanical lock maintains a released state, and the clutch pressing mechanism is activated;
the gear shifting shaft rotates in a second rotation angle range, the high-low gear planetary row is switched from a high gear to a low gear, the mechanical lock is switched from a release state to a locking state, and the clutch pressing mechanism does not work; the high-low gear planetary row is switched from a low gear to a high gear, the mechanical lock is switched from a locking state to a releasing state, and the clutch pressing mechanism does not work;
the gear shift shaft rotates in a third rotation angle range, the high-low gear planetary row keeps a low gear position, the mechanical lock keeps a locking state, and the clutch pressing mechanism does not work.
Preferably, the shift cam is provided with a shift spiral groove and a lock spiral groove; the gear shifting spiral groove can convert the rotary motion of the gear shifting cam into the axial movement of the gear shifting fork; the locking spiral groove can enable the rotary motion of the gear shifting cam to be converted into the axial movement of the mechanical lock shifting fork.
Further, the shift screw groove includes:
the gear shifting cam shaft of the gear shifting cam rotates in a first rotation angle range and cannot drive the gear shifting fork to move, the second gear sleeve is meshed with the first gear sleeve fixedly connected to the sun gear, and the high-gear planetary row and the low-gear planetary row keep high-gear positions; the gear shifting camshaft rotates in a second rotation angle range to drive the gear shifting fork to move, the second gear sleeve idles along with the rear output shaft and is not meshed with any gear sleeve, and the high-low gear planetary row is switched between high-low gear positions; and in a third stroke section, the shifting camshaft rotates in a third rotation angle range and cannot drive the shifting fork to move, the second gear sleeve is meshed with a third gear sleeve fixedly connected to the planet carrier, and the high-low gear planetary row keeps a low-gear position.
Alternatively, the locking spiral groove includes: the fourth gear sleeve idles along with the rear output shaft and is not meshed with any gear sleeve, and the mechanical lock is kept to be released; the gear shifting camshaft rotates in a second rotation angle range to drive the shifting fork of the mechanical lock to move, the fourth gear sleeve moves on the rear output shaft, and the mechanical lock is exchanged between locking and releasing; and in the third stroke section, the shifting camshaft rotates in a third rotation angle range and cannot drive the shifting fork of the mechanical lock to move, the fourth gear sleeve is meshed with a fifth gear sleeve fixedly connected to the driving chain wheel, and the mechanical lock keeps locking.
Furthermore, the ring groove of the first driving gear is provided with two bosses which are in phase fit with the four bosses of the driving ball cam plate, the gear shifting cam shaft rotates in a first rotation angle range, the third driving gear drives the first driving gear to rotate through the second driving gear, the ring groove boss is in contact with the boss of the driving ball cam plate and drives the boss of the driving ball cam plate to rotate, and the clutch pressing mechanism acts; the gear shifting cam shaft rotates in a second rotation angle range, the third driving gear drives the first driving gear to rotate through the second driving gear, the annular groove boss is not in contact with the driving ball cam plate boss and does not drive the driving ball cam plate boss to rotate, and the clutch pressing mechanism does not work; the gear shifting camshaft rotates within a third rotation angle range, the first driving gear drives the third driving gear to rotate through the second driving gear, the annular groove boss is not in contact with the driving ball cam plate boss, and the clutch pressing mechanism does not work.
Furthermore, a driving chain wheel is arranged on the rear output shaft through a thrust bearing, and the driving chain wheel drives a driven chain wheel to rotate through a transmission chain, wherein the driven chain wheel is arranged on the front output shaft; meanwhile, the driving chain wheel is connected with the clutch hub through a spline and can be connected with the fourth gear sleeve through the fifth gear sleeve.
It is preferable that a disc spring is installed in an inner space of the clutch friction plate, and a pressure plate, a thrust bearing, a passive ball cam plate, a ball, a driving ball cam plate, a first driving gear, and a thrust bearing of the clutch are installed in sequence.
Preferably, the interior of the first driving gear is matched with the driving ball cam plate through a ring groove, and the first driving gear drives the driving ball cam plate to rotate through a boss in the ring groove, so that the driven ball cam plate is driven to move axially to press the clutch friction plate.
And furthermore, a lubricating pump is also arranged on the rear output shaft, the lubricating pump absorbs oil from the bottom of the transfer case, and the lubricating oil passes through an oil duct in the center of the rear output shaft to lubricate the existing clutch, the high-low gear planetary gear set, the chain transmission mechanism and the bearing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the transmission has high and low gears, so that the output torque of the transfer case is amplified, and the traction force requirement of the cross-country working condition is met;
(2) the mechanical lock is arranged to realize the mechanical locking of the front axle and the rear axle, so that the passing performance of the cross-country working condition is ensured;
(3) the pressing force of the clutch is controlled by the electric control system, active and automatic distribution of front and rear axle power is realized, and the defect that a manual transfer case needs manual switching is overcome;
(4) high-low gear switching, mechanical lock and clutch compress tightly, and three functions only need a motor executor to accomplish, and structural optimization saves the cost of transfer case and has realized more reliable control.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic transmission diagram of a two-gear transfer case with electric power distribution and mechanical locking according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the transfer case of the present invention;
3A-3B are front and cross-sectional views, respectively, of a first drive gear of the transfer case of the present invention;
4A-4C are left, cross-sectional, and right side views, respectively, of the drive ball cam plate of the transfer case of the present invention;
fig. 5A and 5B are developed views of a shift cam shift screw groove and a lock screw groove of the transfer case of the present invention, respectively.
In the figure:
1-input shaft, 2-housing, 3-ring gear, 4-planet carrier, 5-sun gear, 6-first gear sleeve, 7-second gear sleeve, 8-third gear sleeve, 9-shift fork disc, 10-shift fork, 11-mechanical lock fork disc, 12-fourth gear sleeve, 13-fifth gear sleeve, 14-drive chain, 15-drive sprocket, 16-clutch hub, 17-friction plate, 18-pressure plate, 19-passive ball cam plate, 20-passive ball cam plate baffle, 21-ball, 22-drive ball cam plate, 23-first drive gear, 24-disc spring, 25-thrust bearing, 26-lubrication pump, 27-rear output flange, 28-rear output shaft, 29-second drive gear, 30-a mechanical lock fork, 31-a return spring, 32-an energy storage spring, 33-a shifting cam, 34-a guide shaft, 35-a third driving gear, 36-a motor actuator, 37-a driven sprocket, 38-a front output shaft, 39-a driving sprocket thrust bearing, 40-a front output flange and 41-a shifting shaft.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings for describing the technical content, the achieved purpose and the efficacy of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a transmission schematic diagram of a two-gear transfer case with electric control power distribution and mechanical locking, an input shaft 1 is connected with a sun gear 5 and a first gear sleeve 6 in sequence, and a gear ring 3 of a high-low gear planetary gear row is connected with a shell 2; the gear shifting fork disc 9 is connected with the rear output shaft 28 through a sliding spline, when the gear shifting fork disc 9 moves towards the direction close to the input shaft, namely towards the left side, the second gear sleeve 7 is meshed with the first gear sleeve 6, the high-low gear planetary row is in a high-gear position, and power is directly transmitted to the rear output shaft 28 through the sun gear 5; when the shift fork 9 moves towards the direction far away from the input shaft, namely towards the right side, the second gear sleeve 7 is meshed with the third gear sleeve 8, the high-low gear planetary row is in the low gear position, and power is output to the rear output shaft 28 from the planet carrier 4 after being subjected to speed reduction and torque increase of the high-low gear planetary row.
In the invention, the high-low gear planetary gear comprises a first gear sleeve 6 fixedly connected with the sun gear 5, a third gear sleeve 8 fixedly connected with the planet carrier and a second gear sleeve 7 capable of axially moving along with a shifting fork plate 9. The high-low gear planetary gear set mainly realizes two gears, and meets different traction force requirements. The high-low gear planetary row is composed of a gear ring 3, a planet carrier 4 and a sun gear 5. The high-low gear shifting mechanism is mainly used for switching two gears and comprises a first gear sleeve 6, a second gear sleeve 7, a third gear sleeve 8, a shifting fork plate 9 and a shifting fork 10. When the shifting fork 10 is shifted to the left, the second gear sleeve 7 is meshed with the first gear sleeve 6, and the high-low gear planetary row is in a high-gear position; when the shifting fork 10 is shifted to the right, the second gear sleeve 7 is meshed with the third gear sleeve 8, and the high-low gear planetary row is in the low gear position.
The present invention includes an input shaft 1, a rear output shaft 28, a front output shaft 38, and a guide shaft 34. The input shaft 1 and the rear output shaft 28 are arranged coaxially; the axes of the input shaft 1 and the front output shaft 38 are arranged in parallel; the guide shaft 34 is arranged in parallel with the input shaft 1, and two ends of the guide shaft 34 are respectively and tightly fitted and fixed with the inner groove of the housing 2, and are used for supporting the shifting fork 10, the mechanical lock fork 30 to move along the axial direction and the rotation motion of the second driving gear 29.
The chain transmission mechanism consists of a driving chain wheel 15, a driven chain wheel 37 and a transmission chain 14, and mainly has the function of outputting power to a front axle. The drive sprocket 15 is splined to the clutch hub 16 and also to the fourth gear sleeve 12 via the fifth gear sleeve 13. The drive sprocket 15 is supported on the rear output shaft 28 by a thrust bearing 39. The driving sprocket 15 drives the driven sprocket 37 to rotate through the driving chain 14, wherein the driven sprocket 37 is disposed on the front output shaft 38.
The mechanical lock fork disc 11 is connected with the rear output shaft 28 through a sliding spline, when the mechanical lock fork disc 11 moves towards the direction close to the input shaft, namely towards the left, the fourth gear sleeve 12 and the fifth gear sleeve 13 are not meshed, and the mechanical lock is loosened; when the mechanical lock fork disc 11 moves towards the direction far away from the input shaft, namely towards the right, the fourth gear sleeve 12 and the fifth gear sleeve 13 are meshed, and the mechanical lock is locked. The front output shaft 38 obtains power from the rear output shaft 28 through the driven chain wheel 37, the transmission chain 14 and the driving chain wheel 15, and the function of mechanical locking of the transfer case is achieved.
In the present invention, the mechanical lock mechanism comprises a fifth toothed sleeve 13 fixedly connected with the driving sprocket and a fourth toothed sleeve 12 axially movable with the mechanical lock fork disc 11. The fourth sleeve 12, which is attached to the mechanical lock yoke disc 11, is movable in the axial direction of the rear output shaft 28 to selectively engage the fifth sleeve 13, which is attached to the drive sprocket, to establish a rigid connection between the rear output shaft 28 and the front output shaft 38, if desired.
The clutch compression mechanism includes a pressure plate 18, a passive ball cam plate 19, a passive ball cam plate stop 20, an active ball cam plate 22, a ball 21, a first drive gear 23, a second drive gear 29, and a third drive gear 35, wherein the ball 21 is sandwiched between the passive ball cam plate stop 20 and the active ball cam plate 22. The first driving gear 23 of the clutch pressing mechanism is supported by a rear output shaft 28 to rotate, the motor actuator drives the first driving gear 23 through a gear train formed by the first driving gear 23, the second driving gear 29 and the third driving gear 35, the driving ball cam plate 22 is rotated for a certain angle through a boss 301 inside a ring groove, and different depths of the balls 21 in the groove can cause different displacements of the driven ball cam plate 19 in the axial direction, so that the pressing degree of the clutch is adjusted.
When the third drive gear 35 rotates, the speed is reduced by the second drive gear 29 and the first drive gear 23, and then the driving ball cam plate 22 is acted on; the relative rotation of the passive ball cam plate 19 and the active ball cam plate 22 causes the passive ball cam plate 19 to generate axial movement, thereby driving the clutch pressure plate 18 to press the clutch friction pair to realize the engagement of the clutch, and the power is distributed to the front axle by the clutch hub 16 through the active chain wheel 15. The transfer case controller can apply different pressing forces according to different road conditions, so that the front axle is controlled to obtain different powers, and the active distribution of the front axle power and the rear axle power is realized.
The shift cam 33 is mounted on the shift shaft 41, and the shift cam 33 is mounted in cooperation with the charging spring 32. When the second gear sleeve 7 or the fourth gear sleeve 12 cannot be meshed in place due to misalignment of meshing teeth, the energy storage spring 32 is compressed, and the generated pressing force acts on the second gear sleeve 7 or the fourth gear sleeve 12 through the gear shifting fork 10 or the mechanical lock fork 30 arranged on the guide shaft, so that the second gear sleeve 7 or the fourth gear sleeve 12 is meshed in place; meanwhile, a return spring 31 is arranged on the guide shaft 34 and used for returning the mechanical lock shifting fork 30.
The motor actuator 36 is connected with the shift shaft 41 and arranged at one end of the shift shaft 41, the motor actuator 36 drives the shift shaft 41 and a shift cam and a third driving gear arranged on the shift shaft to rotate, and the motor actuator can simultaneously realize high-low gear switching, mechanical lock locking and clutch pressing actions. When the motor actuator 36 drives the gear shifting shaft 41 to rotate in the first rotating angle range, the transfer case is in a high-gear state, and the clutch pressing mechanism can be adjusted but the mechanical lock is not driven; when the gear shifting shaft 41 is driven to rotate in the second rotation angle range, the transfer case can complete the switching of high and low gears and a mechanical lock state, and the clutch pressing mechanism is not driven; when the shift shaft 41 is in the third rotation angle range, the high-low range planetary row of the transfer is in the low range, the mechanical lock is switched to the locked state, and the clutch pressing mechanism is not driven.
The disc spring 24 is installed in the inner space of the clutch friction plate 17, and the pressure plate 18, the thrust bearing, the passive ball cam plate 19, the ball 21, the driving ball cam plate 22, the first driving gear 23, and the thrust bearing 25 of the clutch are installed in sequence. The first driving gear 23 is internally matched with the driving ball cam plate 22 through a ring groove, and the first driving gear 23 drives the driving ball cam plate 22 to rotate through a boss in the ring groove, so that the driven ball cam plate 19 is driven to axially move, and the clutch friction plate 17 is pressed. The first drive gear 23 meshes with the second drive gear 29, and the second drive gear 29 meshes with the third drive gear 35. The second drive gear 29 is fitted on the guide shaft 34 via a bearing, and the third drive gear 35 is integrated with the shift shaft 41.
The lubricating pump 26 is mounted on the rear output shaft 28, the lubricating pump 26 sucks oil from the bottom of the transfer case, and lubricating oil passes through an oil channel in the center of the rear output shaft 28 to lubricate the clutch, the planetary gear and the bearing.
The invention is also provided with a wet clutch comprising a driving part and a driven part, the driving part is directly connected with the rear output shaft, and the driven part is connected with the front output shaft through a chain transmission mechanism, so that the power of the input shaft is distributed to the rear output shaft and the front output shaft according to requirements.
Fig. 2 is a detailed structural view of the transfer case of the present invention, which adopts a structure of a case body with a left side and a right side being separable, and is connected by bolts. The input shaft 1 is connected with the output end of the gearbox, and the rear output flange 27 is connected with the rear output transmission shaft to transmit power to the rear axle. The front output flange 40 is connected to a front output drive shaft to transmit power to the front axle.
Fig. 3A and 3B are detailed structural views of the first driving gear of the transfer case of the present invention, wherein a circular groove 302 is designed inside the large gear, and two bosses 301 are arranged inside the circular groove. The ring grooves are designed with phases matched with the shift cam 33, including a high-low shift neutral stroke E and a clutch pressing stroke C, P. In the high-low gear shift neutral stroke, even if the first drive gear 23 rotates, the drive ball cam plate 22 does not rotate, and therefore the clutch is not pressed. In the clutch pressure stroke C, P, the shift fork of the high-low gear is still inactive even if the clutch is in pressure, since a corresponding idle stroke is also provided on the shift cam 33. Through such phase coordination, only one motor actuator is needed to complete different actions.
The ring groove 302 of the first driving gear 23 is provided with two bosses 301 which are in phase fit with the four bosses 401 of the driving ball cam plate 22, the gear-shifting cam shaft rotates in a first rotation angle range, the third driving gear 35 drives the first driving gear 23 to rotate through the second driving gear 29, the ring groove boss is in contact with and drives the driving ball cam plate boss to rotate, and the clutch pressing mechanism acts; the gear shifting camshaft rotates in a second rotation angle range, the third driving gear 35 drives the first driving gear 23 to rotate through the second driving gear 29, the circular groove boss is not in contact with the driving ball cam plate boss and does not drive the driving ball cam plate boss to rotate, and the clutch pressing mechanism does not work; the gear shifting camshaft rotates in a third rotation angle range, the third driving gear 35 drives the first driving gear 23 to rotate through the second driving gear 29, the annular groove boss is not in contact with the driving ball cam plate boss, and the clutch pressing mechanism does not work.
Fig. 4A-4C are views showing the structure of the active ball cam plate of the transfer case of the present invention, and the active ball cam plate 22 has 4 bosses 401 installed in the ring groove 302 of the first drive gear 23. The 4 bosses 401 are matched with the two bosses 301 in the ring groove, so that the actions of high-low gear switching idle stroke and clutch compression stroke are realized. 3 arc-shaped grooves 402 with different depths are designed on the driving ball cam plate 22, the arc-shaped grooves 402 are matched with the balls 21 to realize axial compression of the clutch, and the torque of the first driving gear 23 can be amplified to meet the pressing force requirement of the friction plate 17.
Fig. 5A and 5B are developed views of development groove types of shift screw grooves and lock screw grooves of a shift cam of the transfer case of the present invention. The invention is designed with two groove types, namely a gear shifting spiral groove 51 and a locking spiral groove 52. The shift screw groove 51 is used to drive the shift fork 10, and the lock screw groove 52 is used to drive the mechanical lock fork 30. The shift screw groove 51 includes a pressing section 501 for pressing the clutch, and in the stroke section, even if the shift shaft rotates, the shift fork 10 still has no action and only the clutch pressing action acts; a high-low gear switching stroke section 502 is also included, and the high-low gear switching is completed in the stroke; a locking segment 503 is also included, in which the shift fork 10 remains inactive, only the clutch pressing action being active, even if the shift shaft is turned. The locking helical groove 52 is similar to the shift helical groove 51, and three stroke sections, namely a mechanical lock separation region 504, a mechanical lock state switching stroke region 505 and a mechanical lock locking region 506, are also present for clutch compression and locking of the mechanical lock, respectively.
In other words, the shift screw groove includes: in the first stroke section, a gear shifting camshaft of the gear shifting cam rotates in a first rotation angle range and cannot drive a gear shifting fork 10 to move, a second gear sleeve 7 is meshed with a first gear sleeve 6 fixedly connected to a sun gear, and a high-low-gear planetary row keeps a high-gear position; in the second stroke section, the shift camshaft rotates in a second rotation angle range to drive the shift fork 10 to move, the second gear sleeve 7 idles at the output shaft 28, is not meshed with any gear sleeve, and the high-low gear planetary row is switched between high-low gears; in the third stroke section, the shifting camshaft rotates in a third rotation angle range and cannot drive the shifting fork 10 to move, the second gear sleeve 7 is meshed with a third gear sleeve 8 fixedly connected to the planet carrier, and the high-low gear planetary row keeps a low-gear position. The locking spiral groove of the invention is provided with: in the first stroke section, when the gear shifting camshaft rotates in the first rotation angle range, the mechanical lock shifting fork 30 is not driven to move, the fourth gear sleeve 12 then idles at the output shaft 28 and is not meshed with any gear sleeve, and the mechanical lock is kept released; in the second stroke section, the shifting camshaft rotates in the second rotation angle range to drive the shifting fork 30 of the mechanical lock to move, the fourth gear sleeve 12 moves on the rear output shaft 28, and the mechanical lock is exchanged between locking and releasing; in the third stroke section, the shifting camshaft rotates in the third rotation angle range and cannot drive the mechanical lock shifting fork 30 to move, the fourth gear sleeve 12 is meshed with the fifth gear sleeve 13 fixedly connected to the driving chain wheel, and the mechanical lock keeps locking.
The groove shape of the gear shifting cam 33 is matched with the circular groove boss of the first driving gear 23, only one executing motor is needed, and three functions of high-low gear switching, locking of a mechanical lock and pressing of a clutch are met.
In the two-drive working mode, the transfer case can enable the transfer case to be engaged at a high-gear position through the motor actuator but does not drive the mechanical lock and the clutch pressing mechanism; in a four-wheel drive working mode of the transfer case, when the motor actuator ensures that the high gear is connected, the clutch pressing mechanism can be adjusted as required without driving a mechanical lock; when the motor actuator drives the mechanical lock to be locked, the transfer case is switched to a low-speed four-wheel drive mode, and the clutch pressing mechanism is not driven. The gear shifting and mechanical lock actuating mechanism mainly comprises a gear shifting cam 33, an energy storage spring 32, a return spring 31 and a motor actuator 36. The motor actuator 36 drives the gear shifting cam 33 to rotate, and two spiral groove types are designed on the gear shifting cam 33 and are respectively matched with the gear shifting fork 10 and the mechanical lock fork 30, so that high-low gear switching and locking and releasing of a mechanical lock are realized.
Through the description of the above embodiments, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the high-low gear planetary gear set can be switched by only one motor actuator to change the output torque of the transfer case, the mechanical lock state is adjusted to increase the passing performance of the off-road working condition, the pressing force of the clutch is adjusted, and the front axle power and the rear axle power are distributed as required.
The high-low gear switching, the mechanical lock locking and the clutch pressing action are realized by using one motor actuator 36, and the motor actuator 36 drives the gear shifting cam 33, so as to drive the mechanical lock shifting fork 30 and the gear shifting fork 10, thereby completing the locking of the mechanical lock and the high-low gear switching. Meanwhile, the third driving gear 35, the second driving gear 29 and the first driving gear 23 can be driven to drive the driving ball cam plate 22 to rotate relative to the driven ball cam plate 19, and the pressing action of the clutch is completed. To ensure that no kinematic interference occurs between these 3 functional actions, the shift cam 33 and the active ball cam plate 22 have different phase fits.
In the two-wheel drive working mode of the transfer case, an input shaft is connected with a rear output shaft through a sun gear, a mechanical lock is in a loosening state, a clutch pressing mechanism is not driven, and power is directly output to a rear axle through a transmission; under the normal four-wheel drive working mode, the input shaft and the rear output shaft are still connected through the sun gear, the speed ratio of 1:1 is kept, the mechanical lock is still in a release state, at the moment, the controller can drive the pressing mechanism of the clutch according to the output and attachment conditions of the front shaft and the rear shaft, the pressing condition of the clutch is automatically controlled, and the power of the front shaft and the rear shaft can be between 0: 100% and 50%: stepless conversion is carried out between 50 percent; when the vehicle needs to get rid of the trouble, the input shaft of the transfer case is connected with the rear output shaft through the planet carrier, the speed ratio of the input shaft to the rear output shaft is changed to 2.4:1, the torque of the gearbox is amplified through speed reduction, in order to overcome the limitation of the torque capacity and the heat capacity of the clutch, a pressing mechanism of the clutch is not driven, the mechanical lock is switched to a locking state, and the front axle and the rear axle are rigidly connected. The working mode of the transfer case according to the invention is illustrated more clearly in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described above, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110071402.0A CN112855871B (en) | 2021-01-19 | 2021-01-19 | Two-speed transfer case with electronically controlled power distribution and mechanical locking |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110071402.0A CN112855871B (en) | 2021-01-19 | 2021-01-19 | Two-speed transfer case with electronically controlled power distribution and mechanical locking |
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| CN112855871A true CN112855871A (en) | 2021-05-28 |
| CN112855871B CN112855871B (en) | 2022-02-11 |
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| CN113653798A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-16 | 燕山大学 | Two-gear electric control transfer case with locking mechanism |
| CN115027260A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-09-09 | 浙江极氪智能科技有限公司 | Drive release mechanism and car |
| WO2023016115A1 (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2023-02-16 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Vehicle control method, and vehicle |
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| CN112855871B (en) | 2022-02-11 |
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