CN112850405B - An elevator car vibration management system based on MEMS system - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
本发明涉及电梯管理技术领域，具体涉及一种基于MEMS系统的电梯轿厢振动管理系统，包括：MEMS监测模块，用于采集并发送电梯轿厢的加速度数据；路由驱动模块，用于驱动电梯轿厢动作，并能够接收并转发所述MEMS监测模块发送的加速度数据；云服务器，用于接收所述路由驱动模块转发的加速度数据，然后对加速度数据进行频率分离处理以得到对应的高频加速度分量和低频加速度分量，并根据高频加速度分量和低频加速度分量计算判断电梯轿厢是否存在振动异常信息，且当存在振动异常信息时向所述路由驱动模块发送对应的控制信号。本发明中的电梯轿厢振动管理系统基于MEMS系统和加速度振动频率实现振动异常判断，从而能够提升对电梯轿厢振动的管理效果。
The invention relates to the technical field of elevator management, in particular to an elevator car vibration management system based on a MEMS system, comprising: a MEMS monitoring module for collecting and sending acceleration data of the elevator car; a routing driving module for driving the elevator car It can receive and forward the acceleration data sent by the MEMS monitoring module; the cloud server is used to receive the acceleration data forwarded by the routing driving module, and then perform frequency separation processing on the acceleration data to obtain the corresponding high-frequency acceleration components. and low-frequency acceleration components, and calculate and determine whether the elevator car has abnormal vibration information according to the high-frequency acceleration components and the low-frequency acceleration components, and send a corresponding control signal to the routing drive module when there is abnormal vibration information. The elevator car vibration management system in the present invention realizes the abnormal vibration judgment based on the MEMS system and the acceleration vibration frequency, so that the management effect of the elevator car vibration can be improved.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电梯管理技术领域，具体涉及一种基于MEMS系统的电梯轿厢振动管理系统。The invention relates to the technical field of elevator management, in particular to an elevator car vibration management system based on a MEMS system.
背景技术Background technique
电梯是服务于当今高层建筑的重要通行运输设备，因此对于电梯的性能有严格的要求，归纳起来可分为四点：安全性、可靠性、舒适性和平层精度。其中，安全性、可靠性和舒适性均与电梯运行中的振动强度密切相关，振动本质上是加速度的变化。Elevator is an important transportation equipment serving today's high-rise buildings, so there are strict requirements for the performance of elevators, which can be summarized into four points: safety, reliability, comfort and leveling accuracy. Among them, safety, reliability and comfort are closely related to the vibration intensity during elevator operation, and vibration is essentially the change of acceleration.
由于轿厢式电梯在运行中存在频繁的启动加速和制停减速过程，其加减速的均匀性以及在匀速阶段的平稳性可以由纵向振动强度来进行统一描述；而横向振动强度则与轨道间隙相关，能一定程度上反应轨道的变形量。因此，实时检测电梯运行中轿厢的振动信号，有助于分析电梯的性能参数，保障电梯的运行安全以及乘客的乘坐体验。为此，公开号为CN1349927A的中国专利就公开了《一种补偿电梯轿厢振动的方法》，其包括用于对电梯轿厢进行振动检测的传感器，用于驱动电梯轿厢上的补偿块移动的驱动器，用于对检测出的振动进行解释并控制驱动器的控制单元。该现有方案中，通过传感器检测电梯轿厢的振动，并通过控制单元对电梯轿厢的振动进行补偿，能够在一定程度上保障电梯安全、平稳、舒适的运行。Due to the frequent start-up acceleration and braking and deceleration processes of the car elevator in operation, the uniformity of acceleration and deceleration and the stability in the uniform speed stage can be uniformly described by the longitudinal vibration intensity; while the lateral vibration intensity is related to the track clearance. Correlation can reflect the deformation of the orbit to a certain extent. Therefore, real-time detection of the vibration signal of the car during elevator operation is helpful to analyze the performance parameters of the elevator, and to ensure the safety of the elevator operation and the riding experience of passengers. To this end, the Chinese patent publication number CN1349927A discloses "a method for compensating the vibration of an elevator car", which includes a sensor for vibration detection of the elevator car, and is used to drive the compensation block on the elevator car to move. A control unit that interprets the detected vibrations and controls the drive. In the existing solution, the vibration of the elevator car is detected by the sensor, and the vibration of the elevator car is compensated by the control unit, which can ensure the safe, stable and comfortable operation of the elevator to a certain extent.
上述现有方案中的补偿电梯轿厢振动方法也可应用于电梯轿厢的振动管理，其通过压电式振动传感器的振动数据，进而计算电梯轿厢的振动情况，以能够在电梯轿厢出现振动异常时控制电梯完成对应动作。然而，申请人发现以现有的振动传感器为核心元件测量电梯轿厢加速度数据时，还需要设置一些用于传输振动数据的数据线缆，而这些数据线缆很容易在电梯轿厢运行时造成电梯故障，进而导致电梯轿厢的正常运行受到影响。为此，申请人想到将微机电系统(MEMS)系统应用于电梯轿厢的加速度数据测量，其能够通过无线通信的方式传输数据，并且MEMS系统的体积很小，从而能够避免电梯轿厢的正常运行受到影响。The method for compensating the vibration of the elevator car in the above-mentioned existing scheme can also be applied to the vibration management of the elevator car. It calculates the vibration situation of the elevator car through the vibration data of the piezoelectric vibration sensor, so as to be able to appear in the elevator car. When the vibration is abnormal, control the elevator to complete the corresponding action. However, the applicant found that when using the existing vibration sensor as the core component to measure the acceleration data of the elevator car, some data cables for transmitting the vibration data need to be set up, and these data cables are easily caused when the elevator car is running. The elevator fails, which in turn affects the normal operation of the elevator car. For this reason, the applicant thought of applying a micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) system to the acceleration data measurement of the elevator car, which can transmit data through wireless communication, and the MEMS system is small in size, so as to avoid the normal operation of the elevator car. Operation is affected.
然而，申请人在实际研究中发现，电梯轿厢在运行中的加速度实际上可以分为电梯启动与制停所产生的运行加速度和轿厢的振动加速度，而这两种加速度均反映着电梯轿厢的振动情况。并且，这两种加速度的振动频率是不同的(运行加速度为低频信号、振动加速度为高频信号)，其对应的振动异常阈值也是不同的。但是，现有方案中并未考虑两种加速度振动频率不同的问题，使得容易出现振动异常的误判和电梯控制的误操作，进而导致对于电梯轿厢振动的管理效果不好。因此，申请人想到设计一种基于MEMS系统和加速度振动分频实现振动异常判断的电梯轿厢振动管理系统，以提升对电梯轿厢振动的管理效果。However, the applicant found in the actual research that the acceleration of the elevator car in operation can actually be divided into the running acceleration generated by the elevator starting and stopping and the vibration acceleration of the car, and these two accelerations both reflect the elevator car. the vibration of the cabin. Moreover, the vibration frequencies of the two accelerations are different (the running acceleration is a low-frequency signal, and the vibration acceleration is a high-frequency signal), and the corresponding vibration abnormality thresholds are also different. However, the existing solution does not consider the problem that the two acceleration vibration frequencies are different, so that misjudgment of abnormal vibration and misoperation of elevator control are prone to occur, which in turn leads to poor management of elevator car vibration. Therefore, the applicant has thought of designing an elevator car vibration management system based on MEMS system and acceleration vibration frequency division to realize vibration abnormality judgment, so as to improve the management effect of elevator car vibration.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
针对上述现有技术的不足，本发明所要解决的技术问题是：如何提供一种基于MEMS系统和加速度振动分频实现振动异常判断的电梯轿厢振动管理系统，从而能够保证电梯轿厢的正常运行，并提升对电梯轿厢振动的管理效果。In view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a vibration management system for an elevator car that realizes abnormal vibration judgment based on a MEMS system and acceleration vibration frequency division, so as to ensure the normal operation of the elevator car , and improve the management effect of elevator car vibration.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用了如下的技术方案：In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种基于MEMS系统的电梯轿厢振动管理系统，包括：An elevator car vibration management system based on a MEMS system, comprising:
MEMS监测模块，用于采集并发送电梯轿厢的加速度数据；The MEMS monitoring module is used to collect and send the acceleration data of the elevator car;
路由驱动模块，用于驱动电梯轿厢动作，并能够接收并转发所述MEMS监测模块发送的加速度数据；a routing drive module, which is used to drive the elevator car to move, and can receive and forward the acceleration data sent by the MEMS monitoring module;
云服务器，用于接收所述路由驱动模块转发的加速度数据，然后对加速度数据进行频率分离处理以得到对应的高频加速度分量和低频加速度分量，并根据高频加速度分量和低频加速度分量计算判断电梯轿厢是否存在振动异常信息，且当存在振动异常信息时向所述路由驱动模块发送对应的控制信号。The cloud server is used to receive the acceleration data forwarded by the routing drive module, then perform frequency separation processing on the acceleration data to obtain corresponding high-frequency acceleration components and low-frequency acceleration components, and calculate and judge the elevator according to the high-frequency acceleration components and the low-frequency acceleration components. Whether there is abnormal vibration information in the car, and when there is abnormal vibration information, a corresponding control signal is sent to the routing drive module.
优选的，所述云服务器接收加速度数据后，按如下步骤工作：Preferably, after receiving the acceleration data, the cloud server works as follows:
S1：对加速度数据进行频率分离以得到对应的高频加速度分量和低频加速度分量；S1: Perform frequency separation on the acceleration data to obtain corresponding high-frequency acceleration components and low-frequency acceleration components;
S2：根据高频加速度分量和低频加速度分量分别对应计算电梯轿厢的整体振动量和整体运动加速量；S2: Calculate the overall vibration and overall motion acceleration of the elevator car according to the high-frequency acceleration component and the low-frequency acceleration component respectively;
S3：将电梯轿厢的整体振动量和整体运动加速量分别与设置的振动异常阈值作比较，并判断电梯轿厢是否存在振动异常信息；S3: Compare the overall vibration amount and the overall motion acceleration of the elevator car with the set vibration abnormality threshold, and judge whether there is abnormal vibration information in the elevator car;
S4：当存在振动异常信息时生成对应的控制信号，并将控制信号发送至路由驱动模块。S4: When there is abnormal vibration information, a corresponding control signal is generated, and the control signal is sent to the routing driver module.
优选的，加速度数据包括对应于电梯轿厢在X、Y、Z三个方向上的加速度值Xi、Yi和Zi；步骤S1中通过高通/低通数字滤波器对加速度数据进行频率分离处理，以分离得到电梯轿厢在X、Y、Z三个方向上的高频加速度分量
优选的，步骤S2中，通过如下公式计算整体振动量：Preferably, in step S2, the overall vibration amount is calculated by the following formula:
优选的，步骤S3中，当整体振动量Z≥0.308m/s2、
优选的，步骤S2中，通过如下公式计算整体运动加速量：Preferably, in step S2, the overall motion acceleration is calculated by the following formula:
优选的，步骤S3中，当整体运动加速量A≥1.5m/s2时，判定电梯轿厢处于振动异常状态。Preferably, in step S3, when the overall motion acceleration A≥1.5m/s 2 , it is determined that the elevator car is in an abnormal vibration state.
优选的，步骤S4中：电梯轿厢处于振动异常状态时，生成用于发出振动异常报警信号的控制信号；电梯轿厢处于振动危险状态时，生成用于发出振动异常危险信号、且用于控制电梯轿厢停止运行的控制信号。Preferably, in step S4: when the elevator car is in an abnormal vibration state, a control signal for issuing an abnormal vibration alarm signal is generated; when the elevator car is in a dangerous state of vibration, a control signal for issuing an abnormal vibration risk signal is generated and used for controlling The control signal for the elevator car to stop running.
优选的，所述MEMS监测模块包括用于采集电梯轿厢在X、Y、Z三个方向上区域位移量的MEMS传感器，用于将所述MEMS传感器采集的区域位移量转换成对应加速度数据的微处理器单元，以及用于供所述微处理器单元将加速度数据传输给所述路由驱动模块的前端通信单元。Preferably, the MEMS monitoring module includes a MEMS sensor for collecting the regional displacement of the elevator car in the three directions of X, Y, and Z, for converting the regional displacement collected by the MEMS sensor into a corresponding acceleration data. a microprocessor unit, and a front-end communication unit for the microprocessor unit to transmit acceleration data to the routing driving module.
优选的，所述路由驱动模块包括用于驱动电梯轿厢动作的电梯控制器单元，用于供所述电梯控制器单元接收所述MEMS监测模块发送的加速度数据的路由通信单元，以及用于供所述电梯控制器单元将加速度数据转发给所述云服务器的网络通信单元；Preferably, the routing driving module includes an elevator controller unit for driving the elevator car to move, a routing communication unit for the elevator controller unit to receive acceleration data sent by the MEMS monitoring module, and a routing communication unit for providing the elevator controller unit with acceleration data sent by the MEMS monitoring module. The elevator controller unit forwards the acceleration data to the network communication unit of the cloud server;
所述前端通信单元和路由通信单元均为LoRa射频单元，使得所述MEMS监测模块和所述路由驱动模块之间建立LoRa无线传感通信网络；所述网络通信单元为以太网络模块或GPRS网络通信模块。The front-end communication unit and the routing communication unit are both LoRa radio frequency units, so that a LoRa wireless sensor communication network is established between the MEMS monitoring module and the routing driving module; the network communication unit is an Ethernet network module or a GPRS network communication module.
本发明中的电梯轿厢振动管理系统与现有技术相比，具有如下优点：Compared with the prior art, the elevator car vibration management system in the present invention has the following advantages:
本发明中，通过MEMS监测模块采集加速度数据(MEMS监测模块是基于MEMS系统完成测量的)，其能够通过无线路由通信的方式与路由驱动模块通信，并且MEMS系统的体积很小，从而能够保证电梯轿厢的正常运行。其次，云服务器对加速度数据进行频率分离处理，并根据高频加速度分量和低频加速度分量计算判断电梯轿厢是否存在振动异常信息，也就是，本发明考虑了振动加速度和运行加速度对于电梯轿厢振动的影响，能够避免振动异常误判或电梯运行误操作的问题，从而能够提升对电梯轿厢振动的管理效果。In the present invention, the acceleration data is collected by the MEMS monitoring module (the MEMS monitoring module completes the measurement based on the MEMS system), which can communicate with the routing driving module through wireless routing communication, and the MEMS system is small in size, thus ensuring the elevator normal operation of the car. Secondly, the cloud server performs frequency separation processing on the acceleration data, and calculates and judges whether the elevator car has abnormal vibration information according to the high-frequency acceleration component and the low-frequency acceleration component. That is, the present invention considers the vibration acceleration and running acceleration for the elevator car vibration It can avoid the misjudgment of abnormal vibration or the misoperation of elevator operation, so as to improve the management effect of elevator car vibration.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了使发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细描述，其中：In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
图1为实施例中电梯轿厢振动管理系统的逻辑框图；1 is a logical block diagram of an elevator car vibration management system in an embodiment;
图2为实施例中云服务器的逻辑框图。FIG. 2 is a logical block diagram of a cloud server in an embodiment.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面通过具体实施方式进一步详细的说明：The following is a further detailed description through specific embodiments:
实施例：Example:
本实施例中公开了一种基于MEMS系统的电梯轿厢振动管理系统。This embodiment discloses an elevator car vibration management system based on a MEMS system.
如图1所示，一种基于MEMS系统的电梯轿厢振动管理系统，包括：As shown in Figure 1, a MEMS-based elevator car vibration management system includes:
MEMS监测模块，用于采集并发送电梯轿厢的加速度数据；The MEMS monitoring module is used to collect and send the acceleration data of the elevator car;
路由驱动模块，用于驱动电梯轿厢动作，并能够接收并转发所述MEMS监测模块发送的加速度数据；a routing drive module, which is used to drive the elevator car to move, and can receive and forward the acceleration data sent by the MEMS monitoring module;
云服务器，用于接收所述路由驱动模块转发的加速度数据，然后对加速度数据进行频率分离处理以得到对应的高频加速度分量和低频加速度分量，并根据高频加速度分量和低频加速度分量计算判断电梯轿厢是否存在振动异常信息，且当存在振动异常信息时向所述路由驱动模块发送对应的控制信号。The cloud server is used to receive the acceleration data forwarded by the routing drive module, then perform frequency separation processing on the acceleration data to obtain corresponding high-frequency acceleration components and low-frequency acceleration components, and calculate and judge the elevator according to the high-frequency acceleration components and the low-frequency acceleration components. Whether there is abnormal vibration information in the car, and when there is abnormal vibration information, a corresponding control signal is sent to the routing drive module.
结合图2所示，本实施例中的云服务器包含数据访问层、逻辑控制层、表示层三个部分，分别用于网络数据流的解析和存储，振动数据的解算、分析和故障预警，以及对客户访问逻辑处理。客户端采用了C/S与B/S混合访问设计。其中，C/S客户端软件采用LabVIEW编写，可方便维保人员登录服务器实时观察特定电梯的运行振动情况，实现电梯故障的快速诊断。B/S客户端以网页方式进行访问，通过对历史振动数据分析，反映电梯的长期工况。With reference to Figure 2, the cloud server in this embodiment includes three parts: a data access layer, a logic control layer, and a presentation layer, which are respectively used for analysis and storage of network data streams, calculation, analysis, and fault warning of vibration data. As well as the logical processing of client access. The client adopts the mixed access design of C/S and B/S. Among them, the C/S client software is written in LabVIEW, which can facilitate maintenance personnel to log in to the server to observe the running vibration of a specific elevator in real time, and realize rapid diagnosis of elevator faults. The B/S client is accessed through the web page, and the long-term working conditions of the elevator are reflected by analyzing the historical vibration data.
本发明中，通过MEMS监测模块采集加速度数据(MEMS监测模块是基于MEMS系统完成测量的)，其能够通过无线路由通信的方式与路由驱动模块通信，并且MEMS系统的体积很小，从而能够保证电梯轿厢的正常运行。其次，云服务器对加速度数据进行频率分离处理，并根据高频加速度分量和低频加速度分量计算判断电梯轿厢是否存在振动异常信息，也就是，本发明考虑了振动加速度和运行加速度对于电梯轿厢振动的影响，能够避免振动异常误判或电梯运行误操作的问题，从而能够提升对电梯轿厢振动的管理效果。In the present invention, the acceleration data is collected by the MEMS monitoring module (the MEMS monitoring module completes the measurement based on the MEMS system), which can communicate with the routing driving module through wireless routing communication, and the MEMS system is small in size, thus ensuring the elevator normal operation of the car. Secondly, the cloud server performs frequency separation processing on the acceleration data, and calculates and judges whether the elevator car has abnormal vibration information according to the high-frequency acceleration component and the low-frequency acceleration component. That is, the present invention considers the vibration acceleration and running acceleration for the elevator car vibration It can avoid the misjudgment of abnormal vibration or the misoperation of elevator operation, so as to improve the management effect of elevator car vibration.
具体实施过程中，所述云服务器接收加速度数据后，按如下步骤工作：In the specific implementation process, after the cloud server receives the acceleration data, it works according to the following steps:
S1：对加速度数据进行频率分离以得到对应的高频加速度分量和低频加速度分量；S1: Perform frequency separation on the acceleration data to obtain corresponding high-frequency acceleration components and low-frequency acceleration components;
S2：根据高频加速度分量和低频加速度分量分别对应计算电梯轿厢的整体振动量和整体运动加速量；S2: Calculate the overall vibration and overall motion acceleration of the elevator car according to the high-frequency acceleration component and the low-frequency acceleration component respectively;
S3：将电梯轿厢的整体振动量和整体运动加速量分别与设置的振动异常阈值作比较，并判断电梯轿厢是否存在振动异常信息；S3: Compare the overall vibration amount and the overall motion acceleration of the elevator car with the set vibration abnormality threshold, and judge whether there is abnormal vibration information in the elevator car;
S4：当存在振动异常信息时生成对应的控制信号，并将控制信号发送至路由驱动模块。S4: When there is abnormal vibration information, a corresponding control signal is generated, and the control signal is sent to the routing driver module.
实际振动管理时，通过频率分离得到高频加速度分量和低频加速度分量，并进一步计算得到了整体振动量和整体运动加速量，再根据整体振动量和整体运动加速量判断是否存在振动异常信息，也就是，本发明中判断是否存在振动异常信息时充分考虑了振动加速度和运行加速度对于电梯轿厢振动的影响，能够避免振动异常误判或电梯运行误操作的问题，从而能够提升对电梯轿厢振动的管理效果。In the actual vibration management, the high-frequency acceleration component and the low-frequency acceleration component are obtained by frequency separation, and the overall vibration amount and the overall motion acceleration amount are further calculated. That is, when judging whether there is abnormal vibration information in the present invention, the impact of vibration acceleration and running acceleration on the vibration of the elevator car can be fully considered, and the problem of misjudgment of abnormal vibration or the wrong operation of the elevator can be avoided, so that the vibration of the elevator car can be improved. management effect.
具体实施过程中，加速度数据包括对应于电梯轿厢在X、Y、Z三个方向上的加速度值Xi、Yi和Zi；步骤S1中通过高通/低通数字滤波器对加速度数据进行频率分离处理，以分离得到电梯轿厢在X、Y、Z三个方向上的高频加速度分量
本发明中，通过高通/低通数字滤波器对加速度数据进行频率分离处理，以能够准确的分离得到高频加速度分量和低频加速度分量，从而能够更好的辅助振动异常的计算和判断。In the present invention, the high-pass/low-pass digital filter is used to separate the acceleration data in frequency, so that the high-frequency acceleration component and the low-frequency acceleration component can be accurately separated, so as to better assist the calculation and judgment of abnormal vibration.
具体实施过程中，步骤S2中，通过如下公式计算整体振动量：In the specific implementation process, in step S2, the overall vibration amount is calculated by the following formula:
通过如下公式计算整体运动加速量：The overall motion acceleration is calculated by the following formula:
上述公式是通过引入归一化信号幅度域SMA，并对三轴振动进行整体分析得来的：The above formula is obtained by introducing the normalized signal amplitude domain SMA and performing an overall analysis of the three-axis vibration:
具体实施过程中，步骤S3中，当整体振动量Z≥0.308m/s2、
本发明中，上述的各个振动异常阈值是根据GB/T 10058-2009标准并结合实验计算获得的，其能够很好的反应电梯轿厢的振动状况，从而能够辅助提升对电梯轿厢振动的管理效果。In the present invention, the above-mentioned abnormal vibration thresholds are obtained according to the GB/T 10058-2009 standard and combined with experimental calculations, which can well reflect the vibration status of the elevator car, so as to assist in improving the management of the elevator car vibration Effect.
具体实施过程中，步骤S4中：电梯轿厢处于振动异常状态时，生成用于发出振动异常报警信号的控制信号；电梯轿厢处于振动危险状态时，生成用于发出振动异常危险信号、且用于控制电梯轿厢停止运行的控制信号。In the specific implementation process, in step S4: when the elevator car is in an abnormal vibration state, a control signal for issuing an abnormal vibration alarm signal is generated; when the elevator car is in a dangerous state of vibration, a control signal for issuing an abnormal vibration risk signal is generated and used The control signal used to control the elevator car to stop running.
本发明中，当电梯轿厢处于振动异常状态或振动危险状态时，发出相应的振动异常危险信号，以提醒相关人员及时处理。并且，当处于振动危险状态时，还会控制电梯停止运行，以避免发生安全事故。In the present invention, when the elevator car is in an abnormal vibration state or a dangerous vibration state, a corresponding abnormal vibration danger signal is sent to remind relevant personnel to deal with it in time. Moreover, when it is in a dangerous state of vibration, it will control the elevator to stop running to avoid safety accidents.
具体实施过程中，所述MEMS监测模块包括用于采集电梯轿厢在X、Y、Z三个方向上区域位移量的MEMS传感器，用于将所述MEMS传感器采集的区域位移量转换成对应加速度数据的微处理器单元，以及用于供所述微处理器单元将加速度数据传输给所述路由驱动模块的前端通信单元。所述路由驱动模块包括用于驱动电梯轿厢动作的电梯控制器单元，用于供所述电梯控制器单元接收所述MEMS监测模块发送的加速度数据的路由通信单元，以及用于供所述电梯控制器单元将加速度数据转发给所述云服务器的网络通信单元；In the specific implementation process, the MEMS monitoring module includes a MEMS sensor for collecting the regional displacement of the elevator car in the three directions of X, Y and Z, and is used for converting the regional displacement collected by the MEMS sensor into a corresponding acceleration A microprocessor unit for data, and a front-end communication unit for the microprocessor unit to transmit acceleration data to the routing drive module. The routing driving module includes an elevator controller unit for driving the elevator car to move, a routing communication unit for the elevator controller unit to receive acceleration data sent by the MEMS monitoring module, and a routing communication unit for the elevator to receive acceleration data sent by the MEMS monitoring module. The controller unit forwards the acceleration data to the network communication unit of the cloud server;
所述前端通信单元和路由通信单元均为LoRa射频单元，使得所述MEMS监测模块和所述路由驱动模块之间建立LoRa无线传感通信网络；所述网络通信单元为以太网络模块或GPRS网络通信模块。本实施例中，MEMS传感器为LIS3DH三轴加速度传感器；前端通信单元为SX1278射频模块；路由通信单元为SX1301射频模块；微处理器单元为现有的微控器；电梯控制器单元为现有的单片机。The front-end communication unit and the routing communication unit are both LoRa radio frequency units, so that a LoRa wireless sensor communication network is established between the MEMS monitoring module and the routing driving module; the network communication unit is an Ethernet network module or a GPRS network communication module. In this embodiment, the MEMS sensor is a LIS3DH three-axis acceleration sensor; the front-end communication unit is an SX1278 radio frequency module; the routing communication unit is an SX1301 radio frequency module; the microprocessor unit is an existing microcontroller; the elevator controller unit is an existing single chip microcomputer.
本发明中，MEMS监测模块和路由驱动模块之间建立LoRa无线传感通信网络，而LoRa网络基于chirp扩频(CSS)调制技术传输数据，直线传输距离可达8千米，即使在城区环境下单个路由器也足以实现整个住宅小区的信号覆盖，极大的降低了组网成本和运营成本。In the present invention, a LoRa wireless sensor communication network is established between the MEMS monitoring module and the routing drive module, and the LoRa network transmits data based on chirp spread spectrum (CSS) modulation technology, and the linear transmission distance can reach 8 kilometers, even in urban environments. A single router is also sufficient to achieve signal coverage of the entire residential area, which greatly reduces networking costs and operating costs.
实验部分：Experimental part:
为了验证本发明系统的振动监测性能，本发明还公开了以下实验。In order to verify the vibration monitoring performance of the system of the present invention, the present invention also discloses the following experiments.
实验将前端监测节点安装到一台微型电梯模型的轿厢侧面，以便于模拟各类突发事件所产生的振动信号。同时，通过本系统采集不同工况下的振动数据，对比传统压电式振动传感器的测量结果，验证本系统测量的可靠性。In the experiment, the front-end monitoring node is installed on the side of the car of a miniature elevator model, so as to simulate the vibration signals generated by various emergencies. At the same time, the system collects vibration data under different working conditions and compares the measurement results of traditional piezoelectric vibration sensors to verify the reliability of the system's measurement.
模型电梯一共由7个模拟平层组成，本次实验首先以正常载物模式运行，从第一层开始，分别记录电梯在第2-7层停靠瞬间的水平(X、Y轴方向)振动信号，然后对两个方向振动信号做加权运算，计算出水平方向上整体振动信号Sl，即
表1正常运行条件下水平振动实验数据Table 1 Horizontal vibration experimental data under normal operating conditions
以相同实验条件运行模型电梯，从第一层开始，分别记录电梯在第2-7层停靠瞬间的整体振动信号S,测得电梯轿厢振动数据如下表2所示，基于MEMS技术的电梯振动传感器测量的到的振动信号与传统仪器测量值相近，误差值在0.01m/s2左右，可完全胜任电梯日常运行中振动的长时监测。Run the model elevator under the same experimental conditions, start from the first floor, record the overall vibration signal S of the elevator at the moment when the elevator stops at floors 2-7, and measure the vibration data of the elevator car as shown in Table 2 below. The elevator vibration based on MEMS technology The vibration signal measured by the sensor is similar to the measurement value of the traditional instrument, and the error value is about 0.01m/s 2 , which is fully capable of long-term monitoring of vibration in the daily operation of the elevator.
表2正常运行条件下整体振动实验数据Table 2 Overall vibration experimental data under normal operating conditions
通过控制模型电梯电源的通断与钢缆拽引，可模拟电梯在运行中骤停、加速坠落、外部撞击等常见突发情况，电梯轿厢在多种运行状态下测得的整体振动数据如下表3所示。By controlling the on-off of the model elevator power supply and the pulling of the steel cable, the common emergency situations such as sudden stop, accelerated fall, and external impact of the elevator during operation can be simulated. The overall vibration data of the elevator car measured in various operating states are as follows shown in Table 3.
表3异常状态下整体振动实验数据Table 3 Overall vibration experimental data under abnormal conditions
在几种常见意外情况下，基于MEMS技术的电梯振动传感器能够很好的测量电梯运行中遇到意外所产生的振动信号，与传统振动传感器误差值均小于10％，且在前端PC服务器上的能正确产生报警信号，达到了预期设计效果。In several common accident situations, the elevator vibration sensor based on MEMS technology can well measure the vibration signal generated by the accident encountered in the elevator operation, and the error value of the traditional vibration sensor is less than 10%, and the vibration signal on the front-end PC server is less than 10%. The alarm signal can be generated correctly, and the expected design effect is achieved.
可见，本发明中基于MEMS系统的电梯轿厢振动管理系统，利用LoRa射频芯片建立无线传感器网络实现跨域区的电梯安全监测。由实验数据可知该系统的振动监测性能优异，与传统压电式传感器对比，在电梯正常运行时测量值误差很小；在电梯异常状态下，本系统的误差虽略有增大，但由于在电梯轿厢上安装MEMS监测模块所需占用的提级大幅缩小，有利于节省器件占用空间、减轻轿厢重量，并且MEMS监测模块的耗电量少、能实现电源供电并长寿命运行，有利于节省能源、减少线缆连接以及相应线缆故障问题，同时也仍能准确判断异常状态，而成本和体积相较传统传感器大幅降低，具备良好的实用价值。It can be seen that the elevator car vibration management system based on the MEMS system in the present invention uses the LoRa radio frequency chip to establish a wireless sensor network to realize the cross-regional elevator safety monitoring. It can be seen from the experimental data that the vibration monitoring performance of the system is excellent. Compared with the traditional piezoelectric sensor, the error of the measured value is very small when the elevator is running normally; The upgrade required to install the MEMS monitoring module on the elevator car is greatly reduced, which is conducive to saving the space occupied by the device and reducing the weight of the car, and the MEMS monitoring module consumes less power, can achieve power supply and long-life operation, which is conducive to It saves energy, reduces cable connections and corresponding cable faults, and at the same time can still accurately judge abnormal states. Compared with traditional sensors, the cost and volume are greatly reduced, which has good practical value.
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施例，方案中公知的具体结构及特性等常识在此未作过多描述，所属领域普通技术人员知晓申请日或者优先权日之前发明所属技术领域所有的普通技术知识，能够获知该领域中所有的现有技术，并且具有应用该日期之前常规实验手段的能力，所属领域普通技术人员可以在本申请给出的启示下，结合自身能力完善并实施本方案，一些典型的公知结构或者公知方法不应当成为所属领域普通技术人员实施本申请的障碍。应当指出，对于本领域的技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明结构的前提下，还可以作出若干变形和改进，这些也应该视为本发明的保护范围，这些都不会影响本发明实施的效果和专利的实用性。本申请要求的保护范围应当以其权利要求的内容为准，说明书中的具体实施方式等记载可以用于解释权利要求的内容。The above are only the embodiments of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the well-known specific structures and characteristics in the scheme has not been described too much here. Those of ordinary skill in the art know that the invention belongs to the technical field before the filing date or the priority date. Technical knowledge, can know all the prior art in this field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental means before the date, those of ordinary skill in the art can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own ability under the enlightenment given in this application, Some typical well-known structures or well-known methods should not be an obstacle to those skilled in the art from practicing the present application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation of the present invention. Effectiveness and utility of patents. The scope of protection claimed in this application shall be based on the content of the claims, and the descriptions of the specific implementation manners in the description can be used to interpret the content of the claims.
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