CN112848179A - A kind of pith-shaped cooling mold and its forming method - Google Patents
A kind of pith-shaped cooling mold and its forming method Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/72—Heating or cooling
- B29C45/73—Heating or cooling of the mould
- B29C45/7312—Construction of heating or cooling fluid flow channels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/24—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass dies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/72—Heating or cooling
- B29C45/73—Heating or cooling of the mould
- B29C45/7312—Construction of heating or cooling fluid flow channels
- B29C2045/7318—Construction of heating or cooling fluid flow channels multilayered fluid channel constructions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pith-shaped cooling die which comprises a die body and a pith-shaped structure (4) arranged in an inner cavity of the die body, wherein the die body comprises a die working surface (3), a cooling medium inlet (1) and a cooling medium outlet (2) which are arranged on the side surface of the die body, and the cooling medium inlet (1) and the cooling medium outlet (2) are respectively communicated with a cooling medium flowing pith gap (5) in the pith-shaped structure (4). The invention also discloses a forming method of the marrow-shaped cooling die. The invention adopts the pith-shaped structure to replace a hollow tubular runner, and has the advantages of more uniform temperature distribution, larger cooling space, better cooling effect, higher mold strength and longer service life. The invention can realize the uniform cooling of the working part of the die and the product without blind areas, greatly improves the cooling efficiency and the die service life of the industries of injection molding, casting, stamping and the like, reduces the cost of the finished piece and improves the product quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pith-shaped cooling die and a forming method thereof, belonging to the field of die manufacturing.
Background
The mold is called as 'industrial parent' and is important equipment indispensable in modern industrial production, and the height of the technical level of the mold is an important mark for measuring the comprehensive manufacturing capability of a country. The cooling system of the mold is the core part of the mold, and determines the product quality, the production efficiency and the service life of the mold.
In order to quickly adjust the temperature of a mold and realize quick cooling of a working part of the mold, a drill is used for drilling a straight hole on the mold to form a straight hole type cooling flow passage, and a cooling medium (usually cooling water or oil) is filled in the straight hole type cooling flow passage to take away heat. The technical method has the advantages of simplicity and feasibility, and has the defects that the cooling flow channel can be arranged only in a local area, the cooling effect at the position close to the cooling flow channel is good, the temperature is low, the cooling effect at the position far from the cooling flow channel is not good (namely, a cooling blind area exists), the temperature is high, the product quality is not high (such as warping deformation, poor consistency, poor surface quality and the like) due to non-uniform temperature, the production efficiency is low, the service life of a mold is short, and the problem is particularly prominent when the product structure is complex. Fundamentally, the straight hole type cooling flow channel is the result of a straight line type thinking. The advent of additive manufacturing (3D printing) technology has made it possible to change a conventional straight bore cooling channel to a curved bore cooling channel, such a channel that utilizes additive manufacturing technology to bend the cooling channel inside the mold to follow the shape of the work site, is commonly referred to as a conformal cooling channel. On the basis, in order to improve the cooling efficiency, the patents with application numbers of 201810529989.3 and 201711344657.X carry out local treatment on the inner wall of the bent hole type conformal cooling flow channel, promote the formation of turbulence and improve the heat exchange efficiency; in order to increase the contact area between the cooling medium and the mold and reduce the dead cooling zone, patent application No. 201310559377.6 proposes to provide labyrinth cooling channels in parallel, series and parallel combinations in a hollow layer at a distance from the surface of the working part.
From the practical application effect, the cooling effect and the product quality of the mold are improved to a certain extent based on the bent hole type conformal cooling flow channel printed by 3D. Fundamentally, however, such conformal cooling channels or improved conformal cooling channels are still the result of a curved thinking, and are extensions of a linear thinking, and as long as the linear (whether straight or curved) thinking is adopted, a cooling blind area is inevitably present, because there are always areas close to and far from the flow channels. No matter how local improvement is achieved, the straight or curved flow channel thinking can not exert the advantages of 3D printing and construction of complex space structures, and the flow channel design thinking needs to be thoroughly innovated.
The marrow-shaped cooling abandons the linear and curve flow channel design and application technical thinking, and based on the bionics principle, directly uses the marrow-shaped cooling method of a spatial three-dimensional structure, and through the establishment of the three-dimensional marrow-shaped structure, the dead zone-free uniform cooling is carried out on the working part of the die and the product in space, and the cooling medium naturally forms a turbulent flow with high heat transfer effect when flowing through the marrow gap of the marrow-shaped structure, thereby fundamentally solving the problems of the cooling uniformity, the cooling efficiency, the product quality and the die service life of the die and the product in the industries of injection molding, casting, stamping and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Marrow Cooling (MC) die and a forming method thereof, aiming at the defects of a flow channel technology caused by the conventional straight hole type Cooling flow channel and curve type (bent hole type conformal Cooling flow channel and improved type thereof) thinking.
The invention relates to a pith-shaped cooling die, which comprises a die body and a pith-shaped structure arranged in an inner cavity of the die body, wherein the die body comprises a die working surface, a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet which are arranged on the side surface of the die body, and the cooling medium inlet and the cooling medium outlet are respectively communicated with a cooling medium flowing pith gap in the pith-shaped structure.
Further, the distance between the surface of the working part of the die and the marrow-shaped structure is 2-12 mm, and preferably 3 mm.
Further, the marrow-shaped structure comprises array unit bodies, and the shape of the array unit bodies is cross-shaped, diamond-shaped, X-shaped or m-shaped, and the combination of two or more of the cross-shaped, diamond-shaped, X-shaped or m-shaped.
The forming method of the marrow-shaped cooling mold comprises the following steps:
(1) the three-dimensional data model of the marrow-shaped cooling mould is established by setting a marrow-shaped structure at the part needing cooling according to the structure of human bones and marrow, the cooling speed is controlled by adjusting the distance between the surface of the working part of the mould and the marrow-shaped structure and the flow rate of a cooling medium, the marrow-shaped structure consists of array unit bodies, the unit bodies are mutually connected to form a marrow-shaped cooling medium flowing marrow gap, and simultaneously, the marrow-shaped cooling medium has the functions of supporting and enhancing, the cooling medium can flow through the marrow gap to form turbulence, the heat exchange is efficiently finished and the heat of the working part is taken away, so that the surface of the working part and a product are rapidly and uniformly cooled;
(2) printing the three-dimensional data model by adopting a metal 3D printing technology, reserving allowance on the surface of a mould during printing, removing internal stress of the mould through heat treatment after printing, and simultaneously improving the hardness of the mould;
(3) according to the surface quality requirement of the working part of the mold, the allowance of the mold surface is removed through machining and polishing treatment is carried out, and the required marrow-shaped cooling mold is obtained.
The shape of the array unit bodies in the marrow-shaped cooling mold comprises, but is not limited to, a cross shape, a diamond shape, an X shape, a meter shape and a combination of various shapes, the size and the distribution of the unit bodies are adjusted according to the shape of the mold and the cooling requirement, and the unit bodies are preferably a uniform cross array with the same size.
The cooling medium includes, but is not limited to, water, liquid, oil, gas, preferably cooling oil.
The metal 3D printing technology comprises but is not limited to a selective laser melting technology, an electron beam melting technology, an ion beam melting technology and a laser cladding forming technology, and preferably selective laser melting forming is adopted.
The allowance reserved on the surface of the die is 0.2-2 mm, and preferably 0.8 mm.
The heat treatment process is formulated according to die materials, the hardness of the die after heat treatment reaches 50-60 HRC, the die material is preferably 18Ni300 die steel, when the die material is 18Ni300 die steel, the heat treatment method is that the temperature is kept at 490 ℃ for 6 hours, then furnace cooling is carried out, and the hardness of the die reaches 55 HRC.
The machining method for removing the allowance of the surface of the die is preferably CNC machining.
In the marrow-shaped cooling mold obtained by the forming method, in the using process, in order to avoid pollution and blockage, the circulating cooling medium is filtered.
The pith-shaped cooling die and the forming method thereof have the following advantages:
the marrow-shaped cooling abandons the linear and curve flow channel design and application technical thinking, so that the marrow-shaped structure is distributed over the whole working position area to be cooled, no cooling blind area exists, and the problem of cooling uniformity is fundamentally solved;
secondly, the cooling efficiency problem can be fundamentally solved by the marrow-shaped cooling, and the following three reasons are specifically provided: (1) other additional technologies and structures are not needed, the cooling medium can naturally form turbulent flow when flowing through the marrow-shaped structure, the heat exchange efficiency is high, and the cost is low; (2) the marrow-shaped structure is distributed over the working position area, the cooling medium can take away the heat in time, and the cooling efficiency is high; (3) the marrow-shaped structure is connected with the working part, the heat of the working part reaches the marrow-shaped structure through heat conduction, and the cooling medium is arranged around the marrow-shaped structure, so that the heat can be taken away instantly, and the cooling efficiency is high;
thirdly, the marrow-shaped cooling enables the working part of the die to be cooled quickly and uniformly really, the surface quality of the product is high, the product has no warping deformation and good consistency, and the problem of product quality is solved fundamentally;
fourthly, the cooling medium can reach any position of the working part without a blind area, so that the temperature of the working part of the die is uniformly distributed, no thermal stress exists in the die, and the service life of the die is prolonged;
fifthly, cavities are formed in the linear cooling flow channel and the curved cooling flow channel inside the mold, the more the flow channels are, the more the cavities are, the lower the strength of the mold is, and the marrow-shaped structures are connected with each other, so that not only is the cooling medium guaranteed to reach all areas needing cooling without blind areas, but also the strength of the mold is guaranteed, and the advantages of light weight and high strength of the skeleton bionics are fully demonstrated;
sixthly, in the use process of the marrow-shaped cooling die, the circulating cooling medium which is subjected to filtering treatment is used for avoiding pollution and blockage, complex special coating or structural change treatment is not needed, and the marrow-shaped cooling die is simple and easy to implement, low in cost, good in effect and wide in application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of the cooling mold of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view of one embodiment of the cooling mold of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the cooling die of the present invention in the form of a pith.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an array of cross-shaped marrow shaped structural units of one embodiment of the marrow cooling mold of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an array of diamond-shaped medullary structural units of one embodiment of the medullary cooling mold of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an X-shaped medullary structural unit array of one embodiment of the medullary cooling mold of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. cooling medium inlet, 2 cooling medium outlet, 3 mould working surface, 4 pith-shaped structure and 5 cooling medium flowing pith gap.
Detailed Description
The cooling mold and the forming method thereof according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the specific drawings of fig. 1 to 6 and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the cooling mold of the invention comprises a mold body and a marrow-shaped structure 4 arranged in the inner cavity of the mold body, wherein the mold body comprises a mold working surface 3 and a cooling medium inlet 1 and a cooling medium outlet 2 which are arranged on the side surface of the mold body, and the cooling medium inlet 1 and the cooling medium outlet 2 are respectively communicated with a cooling medium flowing marrow gap 5 in the marrow-shaped structure 4.
The distance between the surface 3 of the working part of the die and the pith-shaped structure 4 is 2-12 mm, preferably 3 mm.
As shown in fig. 4-6, the medullary structure 4 comprises an array unit body having a cross shape, a diamond shape, or an X shape, a m shape, or a combination of two or more of the cross shape, the diamond shape, the X shape, the m shape, and other various shapes.
The size and distribution of the unit bodies are adjusted according to the shape of the die and the cooling requirement. Preferably, the unit cells are uniform cross-shaped arrays of the same size.
The marrow-shaped structures 4 of the present invention are 3D printed.
The invention discloses a forming method of a pith-shaped cooling die, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a bone marrow-shaped structure is arranged at a part needing cooling according to the structure of human bones and bone marrow, a three-dimensional data model of a marrow-shaped cooling mould is established, the cooling speed is controlled by adjusting the distance between the surface of a working part of the mould and the marrow-shaped structure and the flow rate of a cooling medium, the marrow-shaped structure consists of array unit bodies, the unit bodies are mutually connected to form a marrow-shaped cooling medium flowing marrow gap, and simultaneously, the marrow-shaped cooling medium flows through the marrow gap to form turbulence, so that heat exchange is efficiently completed and heat of the working part is taken away, and the surface of the working part is rapidly and uniformly cooled;
secondly, printing the three-dimensional data model by adopting a metal 3D printing technology, reserving allowance on the surface of a mould during printing, removing internal stress of the mould through heat treatment after printing, and simultaneously improving the hardness of the mould;
and thirdly, removing the surface allowance of the mold through machining according to the surface quality requirement of the working part of the mold, and polishing to obtain the required marrow-shaped cooling mold.
The shape of the array unit bodies in the marrow-shaped cooling mold comprises, but is not limited to, a cross shape, a diamond shape, an X shape, a meter shape and a combination of various shapes, the size and the distribution of the unit bodies are adjusted according to the shape of the mold and the cooling requirement, and the unit bodies are preferably uniform cross-shaped arrays with the same size.
The cooling medium includes, but is not limited to, water, liquid, oil, gas, preferably cooling oil.
The metal 3D printing technology comprises but is not limited to a selective laser melting technology, an electron beam melting technology, an ion beam melting technology and a laser cladding forming technology, and the selective laser melting forming is preferred.
The reserved allowance on the surface of the die is 0.2-2 mm, and preferably 0.8 mm.
The heat treatment process is formulated according to die materials, the hardness of the die after heat treatment reaches 50-60 HRC, the die material is preferably 18Ni300 die steel, when the die material is 18Ni300 die steel, the heat treatment method is preferably 490 ℃ heat preservation for 6 hours, then furnace cooling is carried out, and the die hardness is not less than 55 HRC.
The machining method for removing the allowance of the surface of the mold is preferably CNC machining.
In the marrow-shaped cooling mold obtained by the forming method, in the using process, in order to avoid pollution and blockage, the circulating cooling medium is filtered.
Example 1:
printing a marrow-shaped cooling injection mold according to the following technical steps: the method comprises the following steps of firstly, establishing a three-dimensional data model of a marrow-shaped cooling mold, wherein the distance between the surface of a working part of the mold and a marrow-shaped structure is 3mm, the marrow-shaped structure consists of diamond-shaped unit bodies which are uniformly arrayed, circulating filtered water is used as a cooling medium, and the cooling water flows through marrow gaps to form turbulence; secondly, printing a marrow-shaped cooling die by adopting a die steel material 18Ni300 through a selective laser melting 3D printing technology, wherein the model of a printer is EOS M290, a 0.8mm allowance is reserved on the surface of the die during printing, the die is subjected to heat preservation for 6 hours at 490 ℃ after printing, and then is cooled along with a furnace, the internal stress of the die is removed, and meanwhile, the hardness of the die is improved to 56 HRC; and thirdly, removing the surface allowance of the mold through CNC machining and carrying out polishing treatment to ensure that the precision grade of the mold is IT7 grade, and the surface quality of a working surface reaches A1 grade, so that the required marrow-shaped cooling mold is obtained. Injection molding experiments of polypropylene materials were conducted using the pith-shaped cooling mold, and the cooling time and warpage of the parts (sample No. SM-1) were tested, and compared with the results obtained using conventional straight-hole and conformal-cooled bent-hole type cooling molds under the same conditions, and are shown in Table 1.
Example 2:
printing a marrow-shaped cooling die-casting die according to the following technical steps: the method comprises the following steps of firstly, establishing a three-dimensional data model of a marrow-shaped cooling mold, wherein the distance between the surface of a working part of the mold and a marrow-shaped structure is 4mm, the marrow-shaped structure consists of uniformly arrayed cross-shaped unit bodies, oil subjected to circulating filtration is used as a cooling medium, and the cooling oil flows through marrow gaps to form turbulence; secondly, printing a marrow-shaped cooling die by adopting H13 die steel materials through a selective laser melting 3D printing technology, wherein the model of a printer is ConceptLaser M2, the allowance of 0.6mm is reserved on the surface of the die during printing, the die is kept at 460 ℃ for 9 hours after printing, and then is cooled along with a furnace, the internal stress of the die is removed, and the hardness of the die is improved to 58 HRC; and thirdly, removing the surface allowance of the mold through CNC machining and carrying out polishing treatment to ensure that the precision grade of the mold is IT6 grade, and the surface quality of a working surface reaches A2 grade, so that the required marrow-shaped cooling mold is obtained. The pith cooling die was used to conduct a die casting experiment of 6061 aluminum alloy, and the cooling time and warpage of the part (sample number YZ-1) were tested and compared with the results obtained under the same conditions using conventional straight-hole type and conformal-cooling bent-hole type cooling dies, and are shown in table 1.
And (3) carrying out effect comparison:
the comparison of the parameters of the effect is shown in Table 1. In an injection molding experiment, the cooling time and the part warping of the bending hole type cooling die subjected to shape following cooling are respectively reduced by 31.7% and 28% compared with those of a traditional straight hole type cooling die, while the cooling time and the part warping of the pith type cooling die are respectively reduced by 67.9% and 94.4% compared with those of the bending hole type cooling die, and are respectively reduced by 78% and 96% compared with those of the straight hole type cooling die. In the die casting experiment, the cooling time and the part warpage of the bending hole type cooling die subjected to shape following cooling are respectively reduced by 44.1% and 27.6% compared with those of the traditional straight hole type cooling die, while the cooling time and the part warpage of the pith type cooling die are respectively reduced by 61.5% and 85.7% compared with those of the bending hole type cooling die, and are respectively reduced by 78.5% and 89.7% compared with those of the straight hole type cooling die. The implementation process and the effect show that the traditional cooling method of the straight hole type or the curved hole type of the conformal cooling can only arrange the cooling flow channel in a local area, the cooling effect is good at the place close to the cooling flow channel, the temperature is low, the cooling effect is not good (namely, a cooling blind area exists) at the place far away from the cooling flow channel, the temperature is high, the product quality is not high (such as warping deformation, poor consistency, poor surface quality and the like) caused by uneven temperature, the production efficiency is low, the service life of the die is short, the product structure is more complex, and the problem is more prominent.
The marrow-shaped cooling provided by the invention abandons the linear and curve flow channel design and application technology thinking, so that the marrow-shaped structure is distributed over the whole working position area to be cooled, no cooling blind area exists, and the problem of cooling uniformity is fundamentally solved. Other additional technologies and structures are not needed for the marrow-shaped cooling, the cooling oil can naturally form turbulent flow when flowing through the marrow-shaped structure, the heat exchange efficiency is high, and the cost is low; the marrow-shaped structure is distributed over the working position area, the cooling medium can take away the heat in time, and the cooling efficiency is high; the pith-shaped structure is connected with the working part, the heat of the working part reaches the pith-shaped structure through heat conduction, and the cooling medium is arranged around the pith-shaped structure, so that the heat can be taken away instantly, the cooling efficiency is high, and the pith-shaped cooling can fundamentally solve the problem of the cooling efficiency. The marrow-shaped cooling enables the working part of the die to be rapidly and uniformly cooled really, the surface quality of the product is high, the warping deformation is avoided, the product consistency is good, and the product quality problem is fundamentally solved. The cooling medium can reach any position of the working part, so that the temperature of the working part of the die is uniformly distributed, no thermal stress exists in the die, and the service life of the die is prolonged. Linear and curved cooling flow channels all form the cavity in the mould, the more dense the flow channel, the more numerous the cavity, the bigger the flow channel, the bigger the cavity, the lower the mould intensity, and the marrow-shaped structure interconnect, not only guaranteed that the cooling medium can reach all areas that need cooling without blind area, guaranteed mould intensity moreover, fully demonstrated the skeleton bionics light in weight, advantage that intensity is high. In the use process of the marrow-shaped cooling die, the circulating cooling medium which is subjected to filtering treatment is used for avoiding pollution and blockage, complex special coating or structural change treatment is not needed, and the marrow-shaped cooling die is simple and easy to implement, low in cost, good in effect and wide in application prospect.
Table 1 comparison of the parameters of the examples
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The marrow-shaped cooling die is characterized by comprising a die body and a marrow-shaped structure (4) arranged in an inner cavity of the die body, wherein the die body comprises a die working surface (3), a cooling medium inlet (1) and a cooling medium outlet (2) which are arranged on the side surface of the die body, and the cooling medium inlet (1) and the cooling medium outlet (2) are respectively communicated with a cooling medium flowing marrow gap (5) in the marrow-shaped structure (4).
2. The cooling mold according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the mold working portion surface (3) and the medullary structure (4) is 2 to 12 mm.
3. The cooling mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the medullary structure (4) comprises an array of cells in the shape of a cross, a diamond, an X or a m and combinations of two or more thereof.
4. A method for forming a cooling mold in a pith shape, comprising the steps of:
s10: the method comprises the following steps of (1) setting a marrow-shaped structure inside a mould working part needing cooling by imitating the structure of human bones and marrow, establishing a three-dimensional data model of a marrow-shaped cooling mould, controlling the cooling speed by adjusting the distance between the surface of the mould working part and the marrow-shaped structure and the flow rate of a cooling medium, wherein the marrow-shaped structure consists of array unit bodies which are mutually connected to form a marrow-shaped cooling medium flowing marrow gap, and simultaneously playing a role in supporting and enhancing;
s20: printing the three-dimensional data model by adopting a metal 3D printing technology, reserving machining allowance on the surface of a mold during printing, removing the internal stress of the mold through heat treatment after printing, and simultaneously improving the hardness of the mold;
s30: according to the surface quality requirement of the working part of the mold, the allowance of the mold surface is removed through machining and polishing treatment is carried out, and the required marrow-shaped cooling mold is obtained.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein in step S10, the cooling medium includes but is not limited to water, liquid, oil, gas, preferably cooling oil.
6. The forming method according to claim 4, wherein in step S20, the metal 3D printing technique includes but is not limited to a selective laser melting technique, an electron beam melting technique, an ion beam melting technique, a laser cladding forming technique, preferably selective laser melting forming.
7. The forming method according to claim 4, wherein in step S20, the heat treatment process is established according to the die material, the die hardness after heat treatment reaches 50-60 HRC, the die material is preferably 18Ni300 die steel, when the die material is 18Ni300 die steel, the heat treatment process is preferably kept at 490 ℃ for 6 hours, and then furnace cooling is carried out, and the die hardness reaches 55 HRC.
8. The forming method of claim 4, wherein the machining method of removing the mold surface allowance in step S30 is CNC machining.
9. Use of a cooling mold according to any of claims 1 to 3 in the injection molding, casting and stamping industry.
10. Use of a method of forming a cooling mold according to any of claims 4 to 8 in the injection molding, casting, stamping industry.
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| CN106976195A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-07-25 | 江苏大学 | A kind of through cooling water channel high molecular weight polyethylene board material mould |
| CN108746621A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-06 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of self-cleaning porous network structure follow-cooling passageway and its manufacturing process |
| TWI664064B (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-07-01 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | Mold and flow disturbing stack |
| CN110064732A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-30 | 广东鸿特精密技术（台山）有限公司 | A kind of casting mould and its manufacturing method that Quick uniform is cooling |
| CN209986181U (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2020-01-24 | 广东鸿特精密技术（台山）有限公司 | Casting mould capable of achieving rapid and uniform cooling |
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| CN112848179B (en) | 2023-02-28 |
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