CN112838893B - Remote pump system, pump unit in station and method for automatic fault location of remote pump system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention proposes a remote pump system, an in-station pump unit and a method for automatically locating faults in the remote pump system. The remote pump system includes a remote gain unit, a transmission fiber, an in-station pump unit, and the in-station pump unit includes a pump source, a first coupler, a first photodetector, a second coupler, a second photodetector, a controller and Fault alarm module. The controller sets the power value of the pump light emitted by the pump source, and calculates the light power value Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station according to the received reflected pump light detected by the first photodetector, and according to the received signal in the transmission fiber Optically calculates the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station, and also judges the system fault according to the pump optical power, the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station, and the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station according to the preset method and sends it to Fault alarm module, the remote pump system can automatically find out whether there is a fault in itself, without the need to use professional OTDR equipment, and the efficiency of troubleshooting is high.

Description

Remote pump system, pump unit in station and method for automatic fault location of remote pump system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication, in particular to a remote pump system, an in-station pump unit and a method for automatically locating faults in the remote pump system.

Background technique

With the improvement of communication technology, ultra-long-span optical cable communication without relay transmission is more and more used in submarine communication and power communication. Because the remote pump amplification technology can greatly improve the single-span transmission distance, it is widely used In the non-relay ultra-long-span transmission system. The principle is to melt a section of erbium-doped fiber at the appropriate position of the transmission fiber, and emit a beam of high-power pump light from the remote end (transmitting end or receiving end), and inject the erbium-doped fiber after transmission through the special pump fiber or the transmission fiber itself. The fiber excites the erbium ions, so that the signal light is amplified inside the erbium-doped fiber, thereby improving the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) of the system. Since the position of the pump laser and the gain medium (the erbium-doped fiber) are not in the same position, it becomes a "remote pump". The remote pump amplification technology is divided into forward remote pump technology and backward remote pump technology. Among them, the backward remote pump technology has more obvious effects on the transmission distance of the lifting link and is more widely used. The structure of the traditional backward remote pump system is shown in Figure 1. As shown in the figure, it usually includes a remote gain unit (RGU), a transmission fiber, and an in-station pump unit (referred to as an in-station pump unit, RPU) connected in sequence, wherein the remote gain unit includes an erbium-doped fiber and a wavelength division multiplexer. , isolators and other passive devices.

In order to realize the monitoring of the remote pump system, the prior art needs to use an Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR). The OTDR injects the detection light into the transmission fiber. When the transmission fiber fails (such as disconnection), this At the same time, a small amount of detection light will be reflected back to the OTDR at the fault. The OTDR can determine that the transmission fiber is faulty based on the detection of the reflected light, and can calculate the specific fault location. Since it is necessary to manually carry the OTDR equipment for inspection, the inspection efficiency is low. In addition, because the passive remote gain unit in the middle of the line must have pump light to work normally, and the remote pump unit generally works in the forced pump-on state, there is always a large pump light at the end of the optical fiber or in the line ( More than 1w), especially in the initial stage of field engineering business, when the remote pump unit is forced to turn on the pump, it will involve laser safety because it is impossible to judge whether there is a fault in the line in time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-mentioned problems, it is necessary to propose a remote pump system to solve or partially solve the above-mentioned problems, and the technical scheme proposed by the present invention is as follows:

The present invention provides a remote pumping system, which at least includes a remote gain unit and an in-station pump unit, wherein the remote gain unit and the in-station pump unit are connected by a transmission optical fiber, wherein:

The pump unit in the station includes a pump source, a first coupler, a first optical detector, a second coupler, a second optical detector, a controller and a fault alarm module;

The light-combining end of the first coupler is located at the input end of the pump unit in the station, and the light-splitting ends are respectively used to introduce the pump source and the first photodetector into the transmission fiber; the light-combining end of the second coupler is located at the in-station pump. The output end of the pump unit, and the optical splitting end is used to introduce the second photodetector into the transmission fiber; the first photodetector is used to detect the reflected pump light, and the second photodetector is used to detect the signal light in the transmission fiber;

The controller is respectively connected with the pump source, the first photodetector, the second photodetector, and the fault alarm module, and is used to set the pump light power value sent by the pump source, and according to the received value detected by the first photodetector. The reflected pump light calculates the optical power value Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station, calculates the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station according to the received signal light in the transmission fiber, and also calculates the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station according to the preset method. The relationship between the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit, or the condition of the pump optical power and the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station, determine the system fault and send it to the fault alarm module;

The fault alarm module is connected to the controller, and outputs the fault condition when the controller determines that there is a system fault.

Further, the controller calculates the optical power value Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station according to the optical power value detected by the first detector and the splitting ratio between the first coupler and the connection port of the first detector.

Further, the controller uses the optical power value detected by the second detector and the splitting ratio between the second coupler and the connection port of the second detector to calculate the optical power value Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station.

Further, the remote pump system further includes a backplane module through which the controller is respectively connected to the pump source, the first photodetector, the second photodetector, and the fault alarm module.

Further, the controller judges the system fault according to the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station according to the preset method, including:

If the difference between the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station is less than the preset first threshold Pth1, it is determined that the optical fiber end face near the receiving end is faulty, where the preset first threshold Pth1=Pump+ 10log(1-η), where η is the reflectance of the pump light.

Further, according to the preset method, the controller judges the system fault according to the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pout of the output end of the pump unit in the station, including:

Set the pump optical power value Ppump sent by the pump source to P1 according to the preset rules, and obtain the output signal optical power Pout=Pout1 of the pump unit in the station. If the output signal optical power Pout1 of the pump unit in the station is less than the preset second Threshold Pth2, it is judged that the transmission fiber is faulty, wherein, P1 is the minimum pump value to ensure that the gain of the remote gain unit is greater than 0, the preset second threshold Pth2=PG _out -Loss, Loss is the distance between the remote gain unit and the pump unit , PGout is the output signal optical power of the remote gain unit when the gain of the remote gain unit is 0;

P1为保证远程增益单元增益大于0的最小泵浦值，k为远程增益单元所工作的线性区的增长斜率。Alternatively, set the pump optical power value Ppump sent by the pump source to P2 according to the preset rules, and obtain the output signal optical power Pout=Pout2 of the pump unit in the station. If the gain of Pout2 and the remote gain unit is 0, the pump unit in the station is 0. The difference of the output signal optical power Pout1 is less than the third threshold value Pth3, then it is judged that the remote gain unit is faulty, and P2 is to ensure that the remote gain unit works in the linear region (the gain of the remote gain unit is linear with the increase of pump power. increase) pump value, the third threshold

P1 is the minimum pump value to ensure that the gain of the remote gain unit is greater than 0, and k is the growth slope of the linear region where the remote gain unit works.

Further, the fault alarm module is a voice module or a photoelectric display module.

In another aspect, the present invention also discloses an in-station pump unit, the in-station pump unit includes a pump source, a first coupler, a first photodetector, a second coupler, a second photodetector, and a controller and a fault alarm module, where:

The light-combining end of the first coupler is located at the input end of the pump unit in the station, and the light-splitting ends are respectively used to introduce the pump source and the first photodetector into the transmission fiber; the light-combining end of the second coupler is located at the in-station pump. The output end of the pump unit, and the optical splitting end is used to introduce the second photodetector into the transmission fiber; the first photodetector is used to detect the reflected pump light, and the second photodetector is used to detect the signal light in the transmission fiber;

The controller is respectively connected with the pump source, the first photodetector, the second photodetector, and the fault alarm module, and is used to set the pump light power value sent by the pump source, and according to the received value detected by the first photodetector. The reflected pump light calculates the optical power value Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station, calculates the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station according to the received signal light in the transmission fiber, and also calculates the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station according to the preset method. The relationship between the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit, or the condition of the pump optical power and the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station, determine the system fault and send it to the fault alarm module;

The fault alarm module is connected to the controller, and outputs the fault condition when the controller determines that there is a system fault.

In a third aspect, the present invention also discloses a method for automatically locating faults in a remote pump system, which is applicable to the above-mentioned remote pump system, and the method for automatic locating includes the following steps:

Obtain the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station;

Calculate the difference between the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station. If the difference is less than the preset first threshold Pth1, it is determined that the optical fiber end face near the receiving end is faulty, wherein the preset first threshold value Pth1 Threshold Pth1=Pump+10log(1-η), η is the reflectivity of pump light.

Based on the above-mentioned technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

The remote pump system of the present invention adds a first photodetector, a second photodetector, a controller, and a fault alarm module. The controller can set the pump optical power value sent by the pump source, and detect according to the received first photodetector. The reflected pump light detected by the detector calculates the optical power value Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station, calculates the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station according to the received signal light in the transmission fiber, and also according to the preset method according to the pump optical power , The optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station, and the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station, combined with the relevant principles of optical fiber communication to judge whether the relationship between the optical powers is abnormal, so that it can directly judge whether each part of the remote pump system is abnormal. There is no need to use dedicated OTDR equipment, and the troubleshooting efficiency is high. In addition, since it can independently find out whether there is a fault in itself, it can judge the fault without fiber pulling detection, which avoids the situation that the pump unit is forced to open and causes harm to people, and the safety is high.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is in the prior art, the structural representation of the traditional backward remote pump system;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a backward remote pump system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of an in-station pump unit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

4 is a simulation diagram of the relationship between the gain of the remote gain unit and the input pump power in the remote pump technology in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for automatically locating faults in a remote pump system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 2, a backward remote pump system includes a remote gain unit 1, a transmission optical fiber 2 connected, and an in-station pump unit 3. The remote gain unit 1 and the in-station pump unit 3 are connected by a transmission optical fiber 2. The output of the pump unit 3 is also connected to a preamplifier 4 . The remote gain unit 1 can refer to the existing structure, and mainly includes devices such as erbium-doped fiber, wavelength division multiplexer, isolator and the like. Referring to FIG. 3 , the in-station pump unit 3 includes a pump source 31 , a first coupler 32 , a first photodetector, a second coupler 34 , a second photodetector, a controller 36 and a fault alarm module 37 . specific:

The light-combining end of the first coupler 32 is located at the input end of the pump unit 3 in the station, and the light-splitting end is used to introduce the pump source 31 and the first photodetector into the transmission fiber 2 respectively. The light-combining end of the second coupler 34 is located at the output end of the pump unit 3 in the station, and the light-splitting end is used to introduce the second photodetector into the transmission fiber 2 . For the convenience of calculation, it is preferable that the first coupler 32 and the second coupler 34 are 1% splitting ratio couplers, the 1% splitting port of the first coupler 32 is connected to the first photodetector, and the 1% splitting port of the second coupler 34 is connected to the first photodetector. The splitting port is connected to the second photodetector.

The first photodetector is used to detect the reflected pump light, and the second photodetector is used to detect the signal light in the transmission fiber 2 . In general, the wavelength of the pump light is generally between 1470nm and 1480nm, the bandwidth of the pump light is relatively large, and the integration range of the power detection is relatively large, so the range of the first detector 33 can be slightly wider, and the preferred detection wavelength range is 1450nm- 1500nm. The signal light detection wavelength can also be selected to be wider, but considering the cost and detection accuracy, the detection wavelength selection of the second detector 35 is as good as the signal light wavelength range. Since the wavelength of the signal light is generally between 1520 nm and 1560 nm, the detection wavelength range of the second photodetector is preferably 1520 nm-1560 nm.

The controller 36 is respectively connected with the pump source 31, the first photodetector, the second photodetector, and the fault alarm module 37, and is used to set the pump light power Ppump sent by the pump source 31, and according to the received first light The reflected pump light detected by the detector calculates the optical power value Pin at the input end of the pump unit 3 in the station, calculates the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit 3 in the station according to the received signal light in the transmission fiber 2, and also calculates the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit 3 according to the preset method. The pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit 3 in the station, or the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit 3 in the station determine the system fault and send it to the fault alarm module 37 .

In some embodiments, the controller 36 calculates the optical power value Pin at the input end of the pump unit 3 in the station according to the optical power value detected by the first detector 33 and the splitting ratio between the first coupler 32 and the connection port of the first detector 33 . If the optical power value detected by the first detector 33 is Pd1, and the splitting ratio between the first coupler 32 and the connection port of the first detector 33 is 1%, then the optical power value at the input end of the pump unit 3 in the station is Pin=(Pd1÷ 1%). Similarly, the optical power value Pout at the output end of the pump unit 3 in the station is calculated by using the optical power value detected by the second detector 35 and the splitting ratio of the connecting port between the second coupler 34 and the second detector 35 .

The fault alarm module 37 is connected to the controller 36, and when the controller 36 determines that there is a system fault, it outputs the fault condition. The fault alarm module 37 can be a voice module or a photoelectric display module. For example, it can be a flashing alarm indicator light.

In practical applications, the remote pump system further includes a backplane module 38 , through which the controller 36 communicates with the pump source 31 , the first photodetector, the second photodetector, and the fault alarm module respectively through the backplane module 38 . 37 connections.

The in-station pump unit 3 of the remote pump system of the present invention includes a pump source 31 , a first coupler 32 , a first photodetector, a second coupler 34 , a second photodetector, a controller 36 and a fault alarm module 37 , the controller 36 can set the pump light power value sent by the pump source 31, and calculate the optical power value Pin at the input end of the pump unit 3 in the station according to the reflected pump light detected by the received first photodetector, and according to the received The signal light in the transmission fiber 2 calculates the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit 3 in the station, and also according to the preset method according to the pump optical power Ppump, the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit 3 in the station, and the light at the output end of the pump unit 3 in the station. The status of the power Pout judges the system failure and sends it to the failure alarm module 37, so the remote pump system can automatically find out whether there is a failure in itself, and does not need to use professional OTDR equipment, and the troubleshooting efficiency is high.

In some embodiments, the controller 36 judges the system fault according to the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit 3 in the station according to a preset method, including:

If the difference between the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit 3 in the station is less than the preset first threshold Pth1, that is (Ppump-Pin)<Pth1, it is determined that the optical fiber end face near the receiving end is faulty, wherein , the preset first threshold is shown in formula (1):

Pth1=10log[10 ^Ppump/10 ×(1-η)] (1)

The preset first threshold Pth1 is the light reflected back according to the Fresnel end face. In formula (1), η is the reflectivity of the pump light. After formula (1) is simplified, formula (2) is obtained:

Pth1=Ppump+10log(1-η) (2)

It can be understood that the range value of the pump light power Ppump should be within a safe range acceptable to the human eye, for example, between 10mw and 50mw. If the fiber end face near the receiving end (mainly refers to the pigtail cable used between the pump unit and the actual line) is faulty, due to the Fresnel reflection, assuming that η is the reflectivity of the pump light, there will be a pump with at least η Pu light is reflected back. Therefore, the first threshold is set as formula (2). When the difference between the pump optical power and the power detected by the first detector 33 (Ppump-Pin) < Pth1, it means that the optical fiber end face near the receiving end is faulty, and a reminder can be given. staff to check accordingly. Experiments have found that at least 4% of the pump light will be reflected back, so η is generally set to 4%. If the requirements are more stringent, η can be set to a smaller value, such as 1%, at this time Pth1=Ppump+10log( 1-1%).

In other embodiments, the controller 36 further determines the system failure according to the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pout of the output end of the pump unit 3 in the station. Specifically, set the pump optical power value Ppump sent by the pump source 31 to P1 according to the preset rule, and obtain the output signal optical power of the pump unit 3 in the station Pout=Pout1, if the output signal optical power of the pump unit 3 in the station If Pout1 is smaller than the preset second threshold Pth2, that is, Pout1<Pth2, it is determined that the transmission fiber 2 is faulty, and the pump needs to be turned off to repair the circuit. In order to ensure that the gain of the remote gain unit 1 is greater than the minimum pump value of 0 for P1, the preset second threshold is as shown in formula (3):

Pth2=PG _out -Loss (3)

Among them, Loss is the optical fiber loss between the remote gain unit 1 and the pump unit, which can be provided by the engineering link laying personnel after laying the line link, and stored in the controller 36, and PGout is the input light of the remote gain unit 1 signal, that is, when the gain of the remote gain unit 1 is 0, the remote gain unit 1 outputs the signal optical power. In practical engineering applications, the optical power of the signal is generally about -31 dBm, and this value is determined during link design and stored in the controller 36 .

即P1为实际需要的能保证远程增益单元1增益大于0的最小泵浦，P'_pump为理论上能保证远程增益单元1增益大于0的最小泵浦，Loss为远程增益单元1与泵浦单元之间的光纤损耗，ɑ为光纤损耗系数，Δ为泵浦光相对信号光的附加损耗。Understandably, since the actual line often has losses, therefore:

That is, P1 is the actual minimum pump that can ensure that the gain of the remote gain unit 1 is greater than 0, P' _pump is the minimum pump that can theoretically ensure that the gain of the remote gain unit 1 is greater than 0, and Loss is the remote gain unit 1 and the pump unit. The fiber loss between the two, ɑ is the fiber loss coefficient, and Δ is the additional loss of the pump light relative to the signal light.

The value of P' _pump can refer to the simulation diagram of the relationship between the input pump power and the gain of the remote gain unit 1 in the front remote pump technology as shown in Figure 4. When the pump power entering the remote gain unit 1 is about 2.5mw, the gain of the remote gain unit 1 is positive, so the typical value of P' _pump is about 2.5mw. The fiber loss coefficient ɑ and the additional loss Δ of the pump light relative to the signal light can all be empirical values. For example, the additional loss Δ of the pump light relative to the signal light is 0.023dB/km. In practical applications, the value of P1 can typically be set to about 23dBm (200mW). The preset second threshold Pth2 may be set to about -50dBm.

In other embodiments, the controller 36 can also set the pump optical power value Ppump emitted by the pump source 31 to P2 according to a preset rule, and obtain the output signal optical power of the pump unit 3 in the station Pout=Pout2, if Pout2 When the gain of the remote gain unit 1 is 0, the difference between the output signal optical power Pout1 of the pump unit 3 in the station is less than the third threshold Pth3, that is, (Pout2-Pout1)<Pth3, then it is judged that the remote gain unit 1 is faulty and the pump needs to be turned off Overhaul remote gain unit 1. P2 is the pump value to ensure that the remote gain unit 1 works in the linear region (the gain of the remote gain unit 1 increases linearly with the increase of the pump power), and the third threshold is shown in formula (4):

Among them, P1 is the minimum pump value to ensure that the gain of the remote gain unit 1 is greater than 0, and k is the growth slope of the linear region where the remote gain unit 1 works.

Referring to Figure 4, P2 is the "linear region" where the gain of the remote gain unit 1 increases with the pump power, and its value is between 2mw and 3.5mw. In this interval, the gain of the remote gain unit 1 will increase with the pump power. The increase in power increases linearly. In order to ensure that the remote gain unit 1 works in the linear region under the power of P2, it is necessary to set P2 to be 1dB larger than the minimum pump P1 that ensures that the gain of the remote gain unit 1 is greater than 0, namely: P2=P1+1dB. At this time, when the pump power is increased from P1 to P2, assuming that the growth slope is k, the gain Gain of the remote gain unit 1 satisfies:

Among them: Loss is the fiber loss between the remote gain unit 1 and the pump unit. The k value of the remote gain unit 1 is generally between 5 and 8. It can also be calibrated according to the actual measured value, such as in the laboratory or production workshop. Test get. At this time, the third threshold Pth3 is set as: Pth3=Gain, if (Pout2-Pout1)<Pth3, the normal gain condition is not satisfied, and it is judged that the remote gain unit 1 is faulty.

The remote pump system disclosed by the invention can realize its own fault location, not only can detect the line condition, but also monitor the link condition before the actual project is opened, and can accurately judge whether the receiving end is near the receiving end, without fiber pulling detection. Either the transmission fiber 2 or the remote gain unit 1 is faulty, which avoids the situation of forcibly opening the pump unit to cause harm to people, and has high safety.

Embodiment 2

The present invention also discloses an in-station pumping unit 3. Referring to FIG. 3, the in-station pumping unit 3 includes a pumping source 31, a first coupler 32, a first optical detector, a second coupler 34, a first Two photodetectors, a controller 36 and a fault alarm module 37. In practical applications, as shown in FIG. 2 , the transmission fiber 2 also passes through the pump unit 3 in the station. specific:

The light-combining end of the first coupler 32 is located at the input end of the pump unit 3 in the station, and the light-splitting end is used to introduce the pump source 31 and the first photodetector into the transmission fiber 2 respectively. The light-combining end of the second coupler 34 is located at the output end of the pump unit 3 in the station, and the light-splitting end is used to introduce the second photodetector into the transmission fiber 2 .

The first photodetector is used to detect the reflected pump light, and the second photodetector is used to detect the signal light in the transmission fiber 2 . In general, the wavelength of the pump light is generally between 1470nm and 1480nm, the bandwidth of the pump light is relatively large, and the integration range of the power detection is relatively large, so the range of the first detector 33 can be slightly wider, and the preferred detection wavelength range is 1450nm- 1500nm. The signal light detection wavelength can also be selected to be wider, but considering the cost and detection accuracy, the detection wavelength selection of the second detector 35 is as good as the signal light wavelength range. Since the wavelength of the signal light is generally between 1520 nm and 1560 nm, the detection wavelength range of the second photodetector is preferably 1520 nm-1560 nm.

The controller 36 is respectively connected with the pump source 31, the first photodetector, the second photodetector, and the fault alarm module 37, and is used to set the pump light power value sent by the pump source 31, and according to the received first light The reflected pump light detected by the detector calculates the optical power value Pin at the input end of the pump unit 3 in the station, calculates the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit 3 in the station according to the received signal light in the transmission fiber 2, and also calculates the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit 3 according to the preset method. The pump optical power and the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit 3 in the station, or the pump optical power and the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit 3 in the station determine the system fault and send it to the fault alarm module 37 .

In some embodiments, the controller 36 calculates the optical power value Pin at the input end of the pump unit 3 in the station according to the optical power value detected by the first detector 33 and the splitting ratio between the first coupler 32 and the connection port of the first detector 33 . If the optical power value detected by the first detector 33 is Pd1, and the splitting ratio between the first coupler 32 and the connection port of the first detector 33 is 1%, then the optical power value at the input end of the pump unit 3 in the station is Pin=(Pd1÷ 1%). Similarly, the optical power value Pout at the output end of the pump unit 3 in the station is calculated by using the optical power value detected by the second detector 35 and the splitting ratio of the connecting port between the second coupler 34 and the second detector 35 .

For the working content of the controller, reference may be made to Embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here.

The fault alarm module 37 is connected to the controller 36, and when the controller 36 determines that there is a system fault, it outputs the fault condition. The fault alarm module 37 can be a voice module or a photoelectric display module. For example, it can be a flashing alarm indicator light.

In practical applications, the remote pump system may further include a backplane module 38 , through which the controller 36 communicates with the pump source 31 , the first photodetector, the second photodetector, and the fault alarm respectively through the backplane module 38 . Module 37 is connected.

Embodiment 3

With reference to FIG. 5 , the present invention also discloses a method for automatically locating faults in a remote pump system, which can be applied to the remote pump system in the first embodiment or the controller in the second embodiment. The automatic positioning method includes the following: step:

S01, set the pump optical power Ppump, and receive the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station.

It can be understood that the range value of the pump light power Pump should be within a safe range acceptable to the human eye, so the pump light power can be set between 10mw and 50mw.

S02, calculate the difference between the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station, if the difference is less than the preset first threshold Pth1, that is (Ppump-Pin)<Pth1, then determine the near end of the receiving end. There is a fault on the end face of the optical fiber, wherein the preset first threshold Pth1=Pump+10log(1-η), and η is the reflectivity of the pump light.

If the fiber end face near the receiving end (mainly refers to the pigtail cable used between the pump unit and the actual line) is faulty, due to the Fresnel reflection, assuming that η is the reflectivity of the pump light, there will be a pump with at least η Pu light is reflected back. Therefore, the first threshold is set as Pth1=Pump+10log(1-η). When the difference between the pump light power and the power detected by the first detector (Ppump-Pin)<Pth1, it means that the fiber end face near the receiving end is If there is a fault, the staff can be reminded to do the corresponding inspection. The method for automatic fault location of a remote pump system disclosed by the invention can determine whether there is a fault at the near end of the receiving end without using professional OTDR equipment, and the fault location efficiency is high.

In other embodiments, since the remote pump system may also have faults in other places, preferably, the method for automatically locating the fault includes:

S03, if the difference between the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station is not less than the preset first threshold Pth1, increase the pump optical power Ppump to P1, and obtain the output signal of the pump unit in the station Optical power Pout=Pout1. Among them, P1 is the minimum pump value that ensures that the gain of the remote gain unit is greater than 0.

S04, if the output signal optical power Pout1 of the pump unit in the station is less than the preset second threshold Pth2, that is, Pout1<Pth2, it is determined that the transmission fiber is faulty, otherwise, go to step S05.

Among them, the preset second threshold Pth2=PG _out -Loss, Loss is the optical fiber loss between the remote gain unit and the pump unit, which can be provided by the engineering link laying personnel after laying the line link, and stored in the remote pump In the controller 36 of the system, PGout is the input optical signal of the remote gain unit 1, that is, the optical power of the signal output by the remote gain unit 1 when the gain of the remote gain unit 1 is 0. In practical engineering applications, the optical power of the signal is generally about -31 dBm, and this value is determined during link design and stored in the controller 36 .

S05, if the output signal optical power Pout1 of the pump unit in the station is not less than the preset second threshold Pth2, continue to increase the pump optical power Ppump to P2, and obtain the output signal optical power of the pump unit in the station Pout=Pout2, P2 The pump value to ensure that the remote gain unit works in the linear region.

In some embodiments it is preferable to set P2 to be 1 dB larger than the minimum pump P1 which ensures that the gain of the remote gain unit is greater than 0, ie: P2 = P1 + 1 dB.

S06, if the difference between the output signal optical power Pout1 of the pump unit in the station when the gain of Pout2 and the remote gain unit is 0 is less than the third threshold Pth3, that is (Pout2-Pout1)<Pth3, then it is judged that the remote gain unit is faulty, otherwise the description The system is normal.

k为远程增益单元所工作的线性区的增长斜率。in,

k is the growth slope of the linear region in which the remote gain unit operates.

In practical application, when a fault occurs in the remote pump system, the automatic positioning process is terminated, and after the fault detection is resolved, the new fault is located in step S01 again. For the specific working principle and preferred value of each step, reference may be made to Embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here.

The method for automatically locating faults in a remote pump system disclosed in the present invention does not require the use of professional OTDR equipment, and can realize its own fault location, not only can detect the line condition, but also monitor the link condition before the actual project is opened, and can detect the fiber without pulling out the fiber. In the case of , it can be accurately judged that there is a fault in the near end of the receiving end, the transmission fiber, or the remote gain unit, which avoids the situation of forcibly opening the pump unit and causes harm to people, and has high safety.

In the foregoing Detailed Description, various features are grouped together in a single embodiment for the purpose of simplifying the disclosure. This method of disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, present invention lies in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby expressly incorporated into the Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodiment of this invention.

The above description includes examples of one or more embodiments. Of course, it is not possible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods in order to describe the above embodiments, but one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that further combinations and permutations of the various embodiments are possible. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, with respect to the term "comprising" as used in the specification or claims, the term "comprising" is to be encompassed in a manner similar to the term "comprising," as if "comprising," were construed as a conjunction in the claims. Furthermore, any use of the term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean a "non-exclusive or."

Claims (6)

1. a remote pump system, comprising at least a remote gain unit, a pump unit in the station, the remote gain unit, the pump unit in the station are connected by a transmission optical fiber, it is characterized in that, the pump unit in the station comprises a pump source, the first a coupler, a first photodetector, a second coupler, a second photodetector, a controller and a fault alarm module, wherein: The light-combining end of the first coupler is located at the input end of the pump unit in the station, and the light-splitting ends are respectively used to introduce the pump source and the first photodetector into the transmission fiber; the light-combining end of the second coupler is located at the in-station pump. The output end of the pump unit, and the optical splitting end is used to introduce the second photodetector into the transmission fiber; the first photodetector is used to detect the reflected pump light, and the second photodetector is used to detect the signal light in the transmission fiber; The controller is respectively connected with the pump source, the first photodetector, the second photodetector, and the fault alarm module, and is used to set the pump optical power Ppump sent by the pump source, and according to the received light detected by the first photodetector The reflected pump light calculates the optical power value Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station, calculates the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station according to the received signal light in the transmission fiber, and also according to the preset method according to the pump light power Ppump and the station. The condition of the optical power Pin at the input end of the pumping unit, or the condition of the pumping optical power Ppump and the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station judge the system fault and send it to the fault alarm module; wherein: according to the pumping optical power Ppump Judging the system failure with the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station includes: if the difference between the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station is less than the preset first threshold Pth1, then judge the near end of the receiving end. There is a fault on the end face of the optical fiber, wherein the preset first threshold Pth1=Ppump+10log(1-η), and η is the reflectivity of the pump light; Judging the system fault according to the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station includes: setting the pump optical power value Ppump sent by the pump source to P1 according to the preset rules, and obtaining the output signal of the pump unit in the station Optical power Pout=Pout1, if the output signal optical power Pout1 of the pump unit in the station is less than the preset second threshold Pth2, it is judged that the transmission fiber is faulty, where P1 is the minimum pump value to ensure that the gain of the remote gain unit is greater than 0, and the preset value is Set the second threshold Pth2=PG _out -Loss, Loss is the fiber loss between the remote gain unit and the pump unit, PGout is the output signal optical power of the remote gain unit when the gain of the remote gain unit is 0; The pump optical power value Ppump sent by the pump source is set to P2, and the output signal optical power Pout=Pout2 of the pump unit in the station is obtained. If the gain of Pout2 and the remote gain unit is 0, the output signal optical power Pout1 of the pump unit in the station is equal to The difference is less than the third threshold Pth3, then it is judged that the remote gain unit is faulty, wherein P2 is the pump value to ensure that the remote gain unit works in the linear region, and the third threshold

P1 is the minimum pump value to ensure that the gain of the remote gain unit is greater than 0, P1 < P2, and k is the growth slope of the linear region where the remote gain unit works; The fault alarm module is connected to the controller, and outputs the fault condition when the controller determines that there is a system fault. 2. The remote pump system according to claim 1, wherein the controller is used to calculate the pump in the station according to the optical power value detected by the first detector and the splitting ratio between the first coupler and the connection port of the first detector The optical power value Pin at the input end of the pump unit; the optical power value Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station is calculated using the optical power value detected by the second detector and the splitting ratio between the second coupler and the connection port of the second detector. 3. The remote pump system according to claim 1, wherein the remote pump system further comprises a backplane module, and the controller is respectively connected with the pump source, the first light detector, The second light detector is connected to the fault alarm module. 4. The remote pump system according to claim 1, wherein the fault alarm module is a voice module or a photoelectric display module. 5. An in-station pump unit, characterized in that the in-station pump unit comprises a pump source, a first coupler, a first photodetector, a second coupler, a second photodetector, a controller, and a fault Alarm module, where: The light-combining end of the first coupler is located at the input end of the pump unit in the station, and the light-splitting ends are respectively used to introduce the pump source and the first photodetector into the transmission fiber; the light-combining end of the second coupler is located at the in-station pump. The output end of the pump unit, and the optical splitting end is used to introduce the second photodetector into the transmission fiber; the first photodetector is used to detect the reflected pump light, and the second photodetector is used to detect the signal light in the transmission fiber; The controller is respectively connected with the pump source, the first photodetector, the second photodetector, and the fault alarm module, and is used to set the pump optical power Ppump sent by the pump source, and according to the received light detected by the first photodetector The reflected pump light calculates the optical power value Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station, calculates the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station according to the received signal light in the transmission fiber, and also according to the preset method according to the pump light power Ppump and the station. The relationship between the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit, or the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station determine the system fault and send it to the fault alarm module; wherein: according to the pump optical power Ppump Judging the system fault with the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station includes: if the difference between the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station is less than the preset first threshold Pth1, then determine the near end of the receiving end. There is a fault on the end face of the optical fiber, wherein the preset first threshold Pth1=Ppump+10log(1-η), and η is the reflectivity of the pump light; Judging the system fault according to the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station includes: setting the pump optical power value Ppump sent by the pump source to P1 according to the preset rules, and obtaining the output signal of the pump unit in the station Optical power Pout=Pout1, if the output signal optical power Pout1 of the pump unit in the station is less than the preset second threshold Pth2, it is judged that the transmission fiber is faulty, where P1 is the minimum pump value to ensure that the gain of the remote gain unit is greater than 0, and the preset value is Set the second threshold Pth2=PG _out -Loss, Loss is the fiber loss between the remote gain unit and the pump unit, PGout is the output signal optical power of the remote gain unit when the gain of the remote gain unit is 0; The pump optical power value Ppump sent by the pump source is set to P2, and the output signal optical power Pout=Pout2 of the pump unit in the station is obtained. If the gain of Pout2 and the remote gain unit is 0, the output signal optical power Pout1 of the pump unit in the station is equal to The difference is less than the third threshold Pth3, then it is judged that the remote gain unit is faulty, wherein P2 is the pump value to ensure that the remote gain unit works in the linear region, and the third threshold

P1 is the minimum pump value to ensure that the gain of the remote gain unit is greater than 0, P1 < P2, and k is the growth slope of the linear region where the remote gain unit works; The fault alarm module is connected to the controller, and outputs the fault condition when the controller determines that there is a system fault. 6. a method for automatic location of a remote pump system fault, applicable to the remote pump system according to claim 1 or the pump unit in a station according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the method for described automatic location comprises the following steps: Set the pump optical power Ppump sent by the pump source, and calculate the optical power value Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station according to the reflected pump light detected by the first photodetector, and calculate it according to the received signal light in the transmission fiber The optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station is also based on the condition of the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pin at the input end of the pump unit in the station according to the preset method, or, the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power at the output end of the pump unit in the station The status of Pout determines the system fault and sends it to the fault alarm module; wherein: judging the system fault according to the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pin of the input end of the pump unit in the station includes: if the pump optical power Ppump and the pump unit in the station determine the system fault If the difference between the optical powers Pin at the input end is less than the preset first threshold Pth1, it is determined that the optical fiber end face near the receiving end is faulty, where the preset first threshold Pth1=Ppump+10log(1-η), where η is the pump light reflectivity; Judging the system fault according to the pump optical power Ppump and the optical power Pout at the output end of the pump unit in the station includes: setting the pump optical power value Ppump sent by the pump source to P1 according to the preset rules, and obtaining the output signal of the pump unit in the station Optical power Pout=Pout1, if the output signal optical power Pout1 of the pump unit in the station is less than the preset second threshold Pth2, it is judged that the transmission fiber is faulty, where P1 is the minimum pump value to ensure that the gain of the remote gain unit is greater than 0, and the preset value is Set the second threshold Pth2=PG _out -Loss, Loss is the fiber loss between the remote gain unit and the pump unit, PGout is the output signal optical power of the remote gain unit when the gain of the remote gain unit is 0; The pump optical power value Ppump sent by the pump source is set to P2, and the output signal optical power Pout=Pout2 of the pump unit in the station is obtained. If the gain of Pout2 and the remote gain unit is 0, the output signal optical power Pout1 of the pump unit in the station is equal to The difference is less than the third threshold Pth3, then it is judged that the remote gain unit is faulty, wherein P2 is the pump value to ensure that the remote gain unit works in the linear region, and the third threshold

P1 is the minimum pump value to ensure that the gain of the remote gain unit is greater than 0, P1 < P2, and k is the growth slope of the linear region where the remote gain unit works.

Images