CN112830650A - Process for treating oily sludge generated in crude oil exploitation process by microorganisms - Google Patents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/147—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using organic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
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Abstract
The invention provides a process for treating oily sludge generated in the crude oil extraction process by microorganisms, which comprises the following steps: s1, preprocessing; s2, filtering; vacuum plate-frame filtration is carried out at 65-70 ℃, the vacuum strength is 0.08-0.09MPa, and separated primary sludge and primary sewage are obtained; s3, hardening and tempering; introducing the primarily separated primary sludge into a homogenizing tank, adding bacillus subtilis and bacillus pumilus at room temperature, and stirring for 40-50 h; heating to 60-70 deg.C, stirring for 3-4h, and filtering with plate-and-frame filter; namely, vacuum plate-frame filtration is carried out at the temperature of 60-65 ℃, the vacuum strength is 0.06-0.07MPa, and secondary sludge and secondary sewage are obtained; s4, extracting; collecting the primary sewage in the step S2 and the secondary sewage in the step S3, and extracting for 3-4 times by using carbon tetrachloride to obtain separated crude oil; and S5, burning. The process provided by the invention can effectively separate the crude oil containing the sludge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oily sludge treatment, and particularly relates to a process for treating oily sludge generated in the crude oil exploitation process by microorganisms.
Background
Oily sludge is an oily solid waste produced during oil extraction, transportation, refining and oily sewage treatment. The oil content of the sludge is 10-50% and the water content is 40-90%, in the petrochemical industry of China, 80 million tons of tank bottom sludge and pool bottom sludge are generated every year on average, the oil-containing sludge contains a large amount of odorous toxic substances such as benzene series, phenols, anthracene, pyrene and the like, and the oil-containing sludge pollutes the environment and causes resource waste if not treated. The treatment of oil-containing sludge is always a difficult problem in oil fields at present.
The oily sludge generated in the crude oil extraction process mainly comes from a ground treatment system, and the oily sludge is formed by floc, equipment and pipeline corrosion products, dirt, bacteria (dead bodies) and the like formed by the oily sludge generated in the oil extraction sewage treatment process and a water purifying agent added in the sewage purification treatment. The oily sludge generally has the characteristics of high oil content, high viscosity, fine particles, difficult dehydration and the like, and not only influences the quality of the exported crude oil, but also causes the water quality of injected water and the discharged sewage to reach the standard.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a process for treating oily sludge generated in the crude oil extraction process by microorganisms, which can effectively separate the crude oil in the sludge.
A process for treating oily sludge generated in the process of crude oil extraction by microorganisms comprises the following steps:
s1 microbial pretreatment
Collecting oil-containing sludge, heating to 30-40 deg.C, adding Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus, stirring at 30-40r/min for 30-35 hr; heating to 70-80 ℃, adjusting the stirring speed to be 100-;
s2, filtering
Vacuum plate-frame filtration is carried out at 65-70 ℃, the vacuum strength is 0.08-0.09MPa, and separated primary sludge and primary sewage are obtained; the mesh number of the plate frame filter cloth is 50 meshes;
s3, hardening and tempering
Introducing the primarily separated primary sludge into a homogenizing tank, adding anhydrous calcium oxide, adjusting pH to be 9.5-10, adding Rhodococcus erythropolis, Torulopsis petrosella and Torulopsis apis at room temperature, and stirring for 40-50 h; heating to 60-70 deg.C, stirring for 3-4h, and filtering with plate-and-frame filter; namely, vacuum plate-frame filtration is carried out at the temperature of 60-65 ℃, the vacuum strength is 0.06-0.07MPa, and secondary sludge and secondary sewage are obtained; the mesh number of the plate frame filter cloth is 150 meshes;
s4, extraction
Collecting the primary sewage in the step S2 and the secondary sewage in the step S3, and extracting for 3-4 times by using carbon tetrachloride to obtain separated crude oil;
s5, incineration
And (3) conveying the secondary sludge to an incinerator for incineration, and after 20-25min of incineration, further treating the incinerated ash and slag, wherein the incinerated ash and slag can be buried or used as roadbed materials, cement raw materials and the like.
Preferably, in step S3, the rhodococcus erythropolis, the rhodotorula petrosella and the torulopsis apis mellifera are added in an amount of 0.1%, 0.05% and 0.05% of the volume of the oily sludge; the rhodococcus erythropolis can be combined into anionic algal glycolipid, so that the surface and interface tension of sludge can be reduced; and sophorolipid is mainly produced by yeast,
the petroleum coccobacillus and the bee coccobacillus of the invention can generate sophorolipid, can reduce the interfacial tension of n-hexadecane and water, and has good stability to pH and temperature change.
Preferably, in step S1, the bacillus subtilis and bacillus pumilus are added in an amount of 0.05% and 0.05% by volume of the oily sludge; the bacillus pumilus and the bacillus subtilis can generate a plurality of cyclic lipopeptides, have good surface activity and certain demulsification effect.
Preferably, the adding amount of the carbon tetrachloride is 4-5 times of the total volume of the sewage; the separated wastewater can be discharged or continuously used after being treated in the next step;
preferably, the incineration is carried out at the temperature of 900-950 ℃;
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. obviously improves the extraction rate of crude oil, does not contain heavy metal in ash slag, and is convenient for post-treatment.
2. Heavy metals in the sludge are extracted into the sewage, and crude oil does not exist in the sewage, so that the sewage can be cleaned again on the ground, and the recycling is convenient.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or its application.
According to the oily sludge collected in the invention, the water content of the sample is 79.56%, the slag content is 2.06% and the oil content is 17.48%; a pH of about 7.4; the COD was 78509mg/L, from which it can be seen that: the oily sludge generated in the crude oil extraction process treated by the method has the characteristics of neutrality, high COD content, high water content, relatively high organic matter content, low slag content and the like, and the total content of heavy metals is in a detected state and is about 100-200 ppm. For carrying out the tests referred to in this example. The volume of the oily sludge which can be treated in the sedimentation tank at one time is selected from 50-60L.
Example 1
S1 microbial pretreatment
Collecting oil-containing sludge in a sedimentation tank, raising the temperature to 30 ℃, adding bacillus subtilis and bacillus pumilus, stirring at the speed of 30-40r/min for 30h, raising the temperature to 70 ℃, adjusting the stirring speed, and stirring at the speed of 100-120r/min for 5 h; the addition amount of the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus pumilus is 0.1 percent, 0.05 percent and 0.05 percent of the volume of the oily sludge;
s2, filtering
Performing vacuum plate-frame filtration at 65 ℃ with the vacuum strength of 0.08-0.09MPa to obtain separated primary sludge and primary sewage; the mesh number of the plate frame filter cloth is 50 meshes; if the obtained primary sewage contains suspended matters or precipitates, settling the primary sewage and filtering; the settling and filtering are needed at most once.
S3, hardening and tempering
Introducing the primarily separated primary sludge into a homogenizing tank, adding Rhodococcus erythropolis, Torulopsis petrosella and Torulopsis apis, and stirring for 40 h; heating to 60 ℃, stirring for 3 hours, and performing plate-and-frame filtration; namely, vacuum plate-and-frame filtration is carried out at 60 ℃, and the vacuum strength is 0.06 MPa. The mesh number of the plate frame filter cloth is 150 meshes; obtaining secondary sludge and secondary sewage; if the obtained secondary sewage contains suspended matters or precipitates, the secondary sewage is filtered after being precipitated; the addition amount of the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus pumilus is 0.05 percent and 0.05 percent of the volume of the oily sludge; at most, the settling and filtering are needed to be carried out once
S4, extraction
Collecting the primary sewage in the step S2 and the secondary sewage in the step S3 (or the primary sewage and the secondary sewage after secondary filtration), and extracting for 3 times by using carbon tetrachloride to obtain separated crude oil; the adding amount of carbon tetrachloride is 4 times of the total volume of the sewage; the separated wastewater can be discharged or continuously used after being treated in the next step;
s5, incineration
And (3) conveying the secondary sludge to an incinerator for incineration at 900 ℃, after 20min of incineration, further treating the incinerated ash, and burying or using the incinerated ash as a roadbed material, a cement raw material and the like.
Example 2
A process for treating oily sludge generated in the process of crude oil extraction by microorganisms comprises the following steps:
s1 microbial pretreatment
Collecting oil-containing sludge in a sedimentation tank, heating to 35 deg.C, adding Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus, stirring at 35r/min for 33h, heating to 75 deg.C, adjusting stirring speed to 110r/min, and stirring for 5.5 h; the addition amount of the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus pumilus is 0.1 percent, 0.05 percent and 0.05 percent of the volume of the oily sludge;
s2, filtering
Performing vacuum plate-frame filtration at 68 ℃ with the vacuum strength of 0.08-0.09MPa to obtain separated primary sludge and primary sewage; the mesh number of the plate frame filter cloth is 50 meshes; if the obtained primary sewage contains suspended matters or precipitates, settling the primary sewage and filtering; the settling and filtering are needed to be carried out at most once;
s3, hardening and tempering
Introducing the primarily separated primary sludge into a homogenizing tank, adding Rhodococcus erythropolis, Torulopsis petrosella and Torulopsis apis, and stirring for 45 h; heating to 65 ℃, stirring for 3.5h, and performing plate-and-frame filtration; namely, vacuum plate-and-frame filtration is carried out at 63 ℃, and the vacuum strength is 0.06-0.07 MPa. The mesh number of the plate frame filter cloth is 150 meshes; obtaining secondary sludge and secondary sewage; if the obtained secondary sewage contains suspended matters or precipitates, the secondary sewage is filtered after being precipitated; the addition amount of the rhodococcus erythropolis, the paragonimus petroselus and the bee coccidioidomycosis accounts for 0.05 percent and 0.05 percent of the volume of the oily sludge; the settling and filtering are needed to be carried out at most once;
s4, extraction
Collecting the primary sewage in the step S2 and the secondary sewage in the step S3 (or the primary sewage and the secondary sewage after secondary filtration), and extracting for 3 times by using carbon tetrachloride to obtain separated crude oil; the adding amount of carbon tetrachloride is 5 times of the total volume of the sewage; the separated wastewater can be discharged or continuously used after being treated in the next step;
s5, incineration
And (3) conveying the secondary sludge to an incinerator for incineration at 930 ℃, and after 23min of incineration, further treating the incinerated ash and slag, wherein the incinerated ash and slag can be buried or used as roadbed materials, cement raw materials and the like.
Example 3
A process for treating oily sludge generated in the process of crude oil extraction by microorganisms comprises the following steps:
s1 microbial pretreatment
Collecting oil-containing sludge in a sedimentation tank, heating to 40 ℃, adding bacillus subtilis and bacillus pumilus, stirring at 40r/min for 35h, heating to 80 ℃, adjusting the stirring speed, and stirring at 120r/min for 6 h; the addition amount of the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus pumilus is 0.1 percent, 0.05 percent and 0.05 percent of the volume of the oily sludge;
s2, filtering
Performing vacuum plate-frame filtration at 70 ℃ with the vacuum strength of 0.09MPa to obtain separated primary sludge and primary sewage; the mesh number of the plate frame filter cloth is 50 meshes; if the obtained primary sewage contains suspended matters or precipitates, settling the primary sewage and filtering; the settling and filtering are needed to be carried out at most once;
s3, hardening and tempering
Introducing the primarily separated primary sludge into a homogenizing tank, adding Rhodococcus erythropolis, Torulopsis petrosella and Torulopsis apis, and stirring for 50 h; heating to 70 ℃, stirring for 4 hours, and performing plate-and-frame filtration; namely, vacuum plate-and-frame filtration is carried out at 65 ℃, and the vacuum strength is 0.06-0.07 MPa. The mesh number of the plate frame filter cloth is 150 meshes; obtaining secondary sludge and secondary sewage; if the obtained secondary sewage contains suspended matters or precipitates, the secondary sewage is filtered after being precipitated; the addition amount of the rhodococcus erythropolis, the paragonimus petroselus and the bee coccidioidomycosis accounts for 0.05 percent and 0.05 percent of the volume of the oily sludge; the settling and filtering are needed to be carried out at most once;
s4, extraction
Collecting the primary sewage in the step S2 and the secondary sewage in the step S3 (or the primary sewage and the secondary sewage after secondary filtration), and extracting for 4 times by using carbon tetrachloride to obtain separated crude oil; the adding amount of carbon tetrachloride is 5 times of the total volume of the sewage; the separated wastewater can be discharged or continuously used after being treated in the next step;
s5, incineration
And (3) conveying the secondary sludge to an incinerator for incineration at 950 ℃, and after 25min of incineration, further treating the incinerated ash and slag, wherein the incinerated ash and slag can be buried or used as roadbed materials, cement raw materials and the like.
Example 4
A process for treating oily sludge generated in the process of crude oil extraction by microorganisms comprises the following steps:
s1 microbial pretreatment
Collecting oil-containing sludge, adding Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus when the temperature is raised to 30 deg.C, stirring at 30r/min for 35 hr, heating to 80 deg.C, adjusting stirring speed to 100r/min, and stirring for 5.5 hr; the addition amount of the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus pumilus is 0.1 percent, 0.05 percent and 0.05 percent of the volume of the oily sludge;
s2, filtering
Performing vacuum plate-frame filtration at 66 ℃ with the vacuum strength of 0.08-0.09MPa to obtain separated primary sludge and primary sewage; the mesh number of the plate frame filter cloth is 50 meshes; if the obtained primary sewage contains suspended matters or precipitates, settling the primary sewage and filtering; the settling and filtering are needed to be carried out at most once;
s3, hardening and tempering
Introducing the primarily separated primary sludge into a homogenizing tank, adding Rhodococcus erythropolis, Torulopsis petrosella and Torulopsis apis, and stirring for 50 h; heating to 61 ℃, stirring for 3.8h, and performing plate-and-frame filtration; namely, vacuum plate-and-frame filtration is carried out at 62 ℃, and the vacuum strength is 0.06-0.07 MPa. The mesh number of the plate frame filter cloth is 150 meshes; obtaining secondary sludge and secondary sewage; if the obtained secondary sewage contains suspended matters or precipitates, the secondary sewage is filtered after being precipitated; the addition amount of the rhodococcus erythropolis, the paragonimus petroselus and the bee coccidioidomycosis accounts for 0.05 percent and 0.05 percent of the volume of the oily sludge; the settling and filtering are needed to be carried out at most once;
s4, extraction
Collecting the primary sewage in the step S2 and the secondary sewage in the step S3 (or the primary sewage and the secondary sewage after secondary filtration), and extracting for 3 times by using carbon tetrachloride to obtain separated crude oil; the adding amount of carbon tetrachloride is 5 times of the total volume of the sewage; the separated wastewater can be discharged or continuously used after being treated in the next step;
s5, incineration
And (3) delivering the secondary sludge to an incinerator for incineration at the temperature of 900-950 ℃, wherein after incineration is finished for 20-25min, the incinerated ash needs to be further treated and can be buried or used as roadbed materials, cement raw materials and the like.
Comparative example 1
In step S2, no Rhodococcus erythropolis, Torulopsis petrosella or Torulopsis apis, and plate-frame filtration is performed;
comparative example 2
In step S3, no bacillus subtilis or bacillus pumilus is added, and plate-and-frame filtration is carried out;
the statistical processing and processing results of the processing procedures of the detection examples 1 to 4 and the comparative examples 1 to 2 were detected and analyzed in summary, and the related results are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
In the invention, step S1 is a microbial pretreatment, the sludge is treated by using microbes firstly, so that the surface activity of the sludge is improved, the sludge and water are well dispersed, the passing performance of the sludge in plate-and-frame filtration is improved, the water content in the sludge is reduced, the water content in the sludge can be reduced by 85-90% generally, and the water content in the sludge is about 10% at the moment.
In the invention, step S3 mainly aims at adding calcium oxide to further reduce the water content in the sludge, releasing the coated crude oil in the sludge through tempering and adding microorganisms, filtering the crude oil through a plate frame, and further extracting the crude oil through extraction.
As can be seen from the results of Table 1 above, the extraction rate of crude oil is significantly improved by adding the microorganisms of steps S1 and S3, and the ash contains no heavy metals, thus facilitating the post-treatment. And the waste water discharged in the step 4 is detected, and the COD content is lower than 20mg/L, so that the waste water meets the discharge requirement of industrial waste water, the problem of heavy metal residue is solved, and the waste water can be discharged or can be reused for washing the ground and the like.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that numerous variations are possible in light of the above description, and thus the examples are intended to describe one or more specific embodiments.
While there has been described and illustrated what are considered to be example embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation to the teachings of the present invention without departing from the central concept described herein. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments and equivalents falling within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A process for treating oily sludge generated in the process of crude oil extraction by microorganisms is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 microbial pretreatment
Collecting oil-containing sludge in a sedimentation tank, raising the temperature to 30-40 ℃, adding bacillus subtilis and bacillus pumilus, stirring at the speed of 30-40r/min for 30-35h, raising the temperature to 70-80 ℃, adjusting the stirring speed, and stirring at the speed of 100-120r/min for 5-6 h;
s2, filtering
Vacuum plate-frame filtration is carried out at 65-70 ℃, the vacuum strength is 0.08-0.09MPa, and separated primary sludge and primary sewage are obtained;
s3, hardening and tempering
Introducing the primarily separated primary sludge into a homogenizing tank, adding Rhodococcus erythropolis, Torulopsis petrosella and Torulopsis apis, and stirring for 40-50 h; heating to 60-70 deg.C, stirring for 3-4h, and filtering with plate-and-frame filter; namely, vacuum plate-frame filtration is carried out at the temperature of 60-65 ℃, the vacuum strength is 0.06-0.07MPa, and secondary sludge and secondary sewage are obtained;
s4, extraction
Collecting the primary sewage in the step S2 and the secondary sewage in the step S3, and extracting for 3-4 times by using carbon tetrachloride to obtain separated crude oil;
s5, incineration
And (3) conveying the secondary sludge to an incinerator for incineration, and after 20-25min of incineration, further treating the incinerated ash and slag, wherein the incinerated ash and slag can be buried or used as roadbed materials, cement raw materials and the like.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the Rhodococcus erythropolis, Torulopsis petrosella and Torulopsis apis are added in an amount of 0.1%, 0.05% by volume of the oily sludge in step S3.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein the Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus are added in an amount of 0.05% and 0.05% by volume of the oily sludge in step S1.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein the amount of carbon tetrachloride added is 4-5 times the total volume of the wastewater.
5. The process for treating oily sludge generated during the extraction of crude oil by using microorganisms as claimed in claim 1, wherein the incineration temperature in step S5 is 900-950 ℃.
6. The process of claim 1, wherein in step S2, the mesh number of the plate and frame filter cloth is 50 meshes.
7. The process of claim 1, wherein in step S3, the mesh number of the plate and frame filter cloth is 150 meshes.
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| CN113481133A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-10-08 | 碧沃丰工程有限公司 | Bacillus marinus A87, microbial inoculum and application |
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