CN112830555A - A bipotential anode electrolysis device and method - Google Patents
A bipotential anode electrolysis device and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiridium Chemical compound O=[Ir]=O HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000457 iridium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 perovskite Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- LJCFOYOSGPHIOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Sb](=O)O[Sb](=O)=O LJCFOYOSGPHIOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJSRJXPVIMXHBW-UHFFFAOYSA-J iron(2+);nickel(2+);tetrahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2].[Ni+2] QJSRJXPVIMXHBW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- YADSGOSSYOOKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Pb]=O YADSGOSSYOOKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- DPGAAOUOSQHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Ru] DPGAAOUOSQHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-potential anodic electrolysis device and a method, and relates to the field of electrochemical anodic oxidation and water treatment. The double-potential anode in the electrolytic cell comprises two sets of anodes which are staggered and not communicated with each other, and the potential applied to the anode 1 is lower than that of the anode 2. The anode 1 catalyst layer adopts the anode with lower oxygen evolution overpotential (less than 600mV @10 mAcm)‑2) The electrode material of (1). The anode 2 catalyst layer adopts the anode with higher oxygen evolution overpotential (more than 600mV @10 mAcm)‑2) The electrode material of (1). The anode 1 and the anode 2 share a set of cathodes. The wastewater flows through the anodes 1 and the anodes 2 which are alternately arranged, the functional groups of organic matters which are easy to oxidize in the wastewater are firstly oxidized on the anodes 1, and organic matters which are difficult to oxidize and stable chemical bonds are oxidized and broken on the anodes 2 to form small molecules of the easy-to-oxidize oxides, so that the small molecules are deeply oxidized by electrochemical cooperation sequentially through the anodes 1 and the anodes 2 which are alternately arranged, and the method has the advantages that: through the cooperative oxidation of two potential anodes in staggered arrangementThe method has high flow efficiency and low energy consumption, and has obvious application value in the fields of electrochemical water treatment and electrochemical organic synthesis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electrochemical water treatment and electrochemical anodic oxidation, in particular to a double-potential anodic electrolysis device and a method.
Background
The electrochemical anodic oxidation is an effective means for realizing the degradation of organic pollutants in water and removing COD, and is also an excellent method for realizing electrolytic synthesis. The electrochemical anode oxidation mainly controls the reaction by adjusting the electrode potential and the gain and loss of electrons, thereby avoiding the use of a large amount of chemical oxidants and reducing byproducts. When the electrode material is used for water treatment, the theoretical oxidation potentials of different pollutants in a water body are different, and the oxygen evolution overpotentials of different electrode materials are also different. Generally, it is considered that to realize deep oxidation of pollutants, an electrode material with high oxygen evolution overpotential is adopted, so as to avoid side reaction-oxygen evolution reaction, and the current is mainly used for electrochemical advanced oxidation/combustion of organic matters as much as possible to improve the current efficiency.
Patent CN108609695B discloses a preparation method of a fluorine-tin modified BDD film electrode, which has higher oxygen evolution overpotential and can be used as an electrode material for anode treatment of refractory organic wastewater. However, the voltage difference between the electrodes and the cathode is large, and the electricity consumption is high when the electrode is used for water treatment. When the chemical oxygen demand index COD of the water body is reduced, a part of organic matters or functional groups thereof are relatively easy to oxidize, and the purpose of partial oxidation degradation can be achieved by adopting common electrode materials with low oxidation working potential (low oxygen evolution overpotential), such as spinel, perovskite, stainless steel and commercial titanium ruthenium electrodes. If all adopt PbO2B-doped diamond, SnO2-Sb2O5And the electrode materials with high working potential intervals (high oxygen evolution overpotential) realize the effect of complete electrochemical oxidation/combustion, and inevitably lead to small size and high energy consumption.
The purpose of using one cell can be achieved by connecting a plurality of groups of electrolytic cell units in series, wherein the anode in one type of electrolytic cell adopts a low oxygen evolution overpotential electrode material, and the anode in the other type of electrolytic cell adopts a high oxygen evolution overpotential electrode material. However, this increases the complexity of the electrolyzer, and the time-space separation scale is large when the waste water and electrolyte pass through different electrolyzers, some intermediates may be re-polymerized, and the combined electrolyzer cannot achieve the purpose of synergistic oxidation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that a double-potential anode electrolysis device and a method for realizing efficient electrochemical synergistic oxidation do not exist.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems:
(1) the double-potential anode electrolysis device comprises two sets of anodes 1 and 2 which are not communicated with each other, wherein a plurality of sets of anodes 1 and anodes 2 are arranged in a staggered way, and the working potential applied to the anode 1 is lower than that of the anode 2.
(2) The cathode of the double-potential anode electrolysis device is a set shared by the anode 1 and the anode 2, and is arranged in parallel with the anode 1 and the anode 2. The applied potential on the cathode is lower than the working potential of the anode 1, and the passing reduction current on the cathode is equal to the sum of the oxidation currents on the anode 1 and the anode 2.
(3) The wastewater or organic matter aqueous solution passes through a gap and a flow channel between the anode and the cathode and is electrochemically oxidized by sequentially passing through a plurality of groups of anodes 1 and anodes 2 which are arranged in a staggered manner.
Preferably, the anode 1 catalyst layer is made of electrode material with low oxygen evolution overpotential (n < 600mV @10mAcm-2), such as ruthenium oxide, iridium oxide, spinel, perovskite, tantalum oxide, manganese oxide, nickel oxide and composite nickel-iron hydroxide.
Preferably, the anode 2 catalyst layer is made of electrode material with high oxygen evolution over potential (n is more than 600mV @10mAcm-2), such as graphite, boron-doped diamond, lead oxide, titanium black, tin oxide and antimony oxide.
Preferably, the working potential applied to the anode 1 is 1.5 to 2V vs. RHE (reversible hydrogen electrode), which is 1.8 to 5V higher than the cathode working potential.
Preferably, the working potential applied to the anode 2 is 2-5V vs. RHE, which is 3-10V higher than the cathode working potential.
Preferably, the number of the staggered groups of the anodes 1 and the anodes 2 is more than or equal to 3.
Preferably, the cathode material is one of graphite felt, graphite, stainless steel, nickel mesh, titanium black and ruthenium oxide
Preferably, a hydrogen evolution reaction or an oxygen reduction reaction takes place at the cathode.
The invention controls the oxidation degree and percentage of organic matters by controlling the group number, the potential height and the retention time of the anode 1 and the anode 2.
The double-potential anode electrolysis device and the method can be used in the fields of water treatment, electrolytic synthesis and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the anode 1 realizes the oxidation of the easily oxidized functional group/organic matter, the anode 2 realizes the bond breaking of the difficultly oxidized organic matter and the complete oxidation of partial organic matter, and simultaneously provides small molecules which are relatively easily oxidized for the next group of anodes 1. The anodes 1 and the anodes 2 which are sequentially arranged in a staggered way are deeply oxidized by the cooperation of the electrochemical double-potential anodes, so that the current efficiency is high, the energy consumption is low, and the method has obvious application value in the fields of electrochemical water treatment and electrochemical organic synthesis.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view (left) of a two-potential anode and a side view (right) of a corresponding two-potential anode electrolyzer of the present invention, wherein 1 is an anode stack 1; 2, an anode group 2; 3, water inlet direction; 4, water outlet direction; 5, a power supply anode 1; 6, power supply anode 2; 7, a power supply cathode; and 8, a cathode.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples of the specification.
Test materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
(1) And processing an anode 1, wherein the substrate of the anode 1 is titanium metal, the coating is ruthenium oxide, and the size of the anode 1 is 100mm x 1 mm. The anode 1 electrode group comprises 10 rectangular electrodes with the length, width and thickness of 100mm x 3mm x 1mm, the width of each anode is 3mm, and the distance between every two anodes is 7 mm.
(2) And processing the anode 2, wherein the substrate of the anode 2 is titanium metal, the coating is titanium black, and the size of the anode 2 is 100mm x 1 mm. The anode 2 electrode group comprises 10 rectangular electrodes with the length, width and thickness of 100mm x 3mm x 1mm, the width of each anode is 3mm, and the distance between every two anodes is 7 mm.
(3) In a plate frame electrolyzer, anode 1 electrode groups and electrode 2 electrode groups are arranged in a staggered manner and fixed at the center, as shown in fig. 1. A single electrode of the anode 1 is arranged between two electrodes of the anode 2, and the distance between the single electrode of the anode 1 and the single electrode of the anode 2 is 2 mm; in the same way, a single anode 2 is also arranged between two electrodes of the anode 1, and the distance between the single electrode of the anode 2 and the single electrode of the anode 1 is 2 mm.
(4) In plate and frame electrolysis, stainless steel cathodes with the same length, width and thickness dimension of 100mm x 1mm are arranged on two sides of a double-potential anode. The distance between the cathodes and the anodes at two sides is 3mm, and the two cathodes are directly communicated through a lead and then are jointly connected with the power supply cathode.
(5) The anode 1 is connected with a first positive pole of a power supply, and the anode 2 is connected with a second positive pole of the power supply.
(6)700mL of wastewater having a COD content of 100mg/L was circulated through the electrolytic cell at 30mL/min, with a voltage of 1.8V (vs. RHE) applied to the first anode and 4.5V (vs. RHE) applied to the cathode as compared to the voltage applied to the anode 2. After electrochemical oxidation treatment for 60min, the residual COD content in the wastewater is detected to be 13mg/L by a national standard method, and the removal rate is 87%.
Example 2
(1) And processing the anode 1, wherein the substrate of the anode 1 is made of titanium metal, the coating is made of iridium oxide, and the effective size of the anode 1 is about 100mm by 90mm by 0.5 mm. The anode 1 electrode group comprises 15 rectangular electrodes with the length, width and thickness of 100mm 2mm 0.5mm, the width of each anode is 2mm, and the distance between every two anodes is 4 mm.
(2) And processing the anode 2, wherein the substrate of the anode 2 is titanium metal, the coating is titanium black, and the effective size of the anode 2 is about 100mm by 90mm by 0.5 mm. The anode 2 electrode group comprises 15 rectangular electrodes with the length, width and thickness of 100mm 2mm 0.5mm, the width of each anode is 2mm, and the distance between each anode is 4 mm.
(3) In a plate frame electrolyzer, anode 1 electrode groups and electrode 2 electrode groups are arranged in a staggered manner and fixed at the center, as shown in fig. 1. A single electrode of the anode 1 is arranged between two electrodes of the anode 2, and the distance between the single electrode of the anode 1 and the single electrode of the anode 2 is 1 mm; in the same way, a single anode 2 is also arranged between two electrodes of the anode 1, and the distance between the single electrode of the anode 2 and the single electrode of the anode 1 is 1 mm.
(4) In plate-frame electrolysis, stainless steel cathodes with the same length, width and thickness of 100mm × 90mm × 0.5mm are arranged on two sides of a double-potential anode. The distance between the cathodes and the anodes at two sides is 2mm, and the two cathodes are directly communicated through a lead and then are jointly connected with the power supply cathode.
(5) The anode 1 is connected with a first positive pole of a power supply, and the anode 2 is connected with a second positive pole of the power supply.
(6)500mL of wastewater with a COD content of 260mg/L was circulated through the cell at 30mL/min, with a voltage of 1.9V (vs. RHE) applied to the first anode and 4V (vs. RHE) applied to the cathode compared to the voltage applied to the anode 2. After electrochemical oxidation treatment for 100min, the residual COD content in the wastewater is detected by a national standard method and is 19mg/L, and the removal rate is 93 percent.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and various process schemes having no substantial difference from the concept of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A kind of double potential anode electrolytic device, characterized by:
(1) the electrolysis device comprises two sets of anodes 1 and 2 which are not communicated with each other, a plurality of sets of the anodes 1 and the anodes 2 are arranged in a staggered mode, the number of the staggered sets of the anodes 1 and the anodes 2 is more than or equal to 3, and the gap distance between the anodes 1 and the anodes 2 is less than 5 mm.
(2) The anode 1 is connected with a power supply anode 1, and the potential is lower than the potential of the anode 2 connected with the power supply anode 2;
(3) the double anodes in the electrolysis device share a set of cathodes which are arranged in parallel with the anode 1 and the anode 2;
(4) the cathode is connected with the negative poles of the power supplies 1 and 2, and the passing reduction current of the cathode is equal to the sum of the oxidation currents on the anode 1 and the anode 2.
2. The double-potential anodic electrolysis device according to claim 1, wherein: the anode 1 catalyst layer adopts the anode with lower oxygen evolution overpotential (n is less than 600mV @10mA cm)-2) Electrode materials such as ruthenium oxide, iridium oxide, spinel, perovskite, tantalum oxide, manganese oxide, nickel oxide and complex oxyhydrogenAnd (4) melting the nickel iron.
3. The double-potential anodic electrolysis device according to claim 1, wherein: the anode 2 catalyst layer adopts the anode with higher oxygen evolution overpotential (n is more than 600mV @10mA cm)-2) Such as graphite, boron-doped diamond, lead oxide, titanium black, tin oxide, antimony oxide.
4. The double-potential anodic electrolysis device according to claim 1, wherein: the cathode material is graphite felt, graphite, stainless steel, nickel, titanium black and ruthenium oxide.
5. The method for electrochemical oxidation by the double-potential anode electrolyzer as claimed in claims 1-5, characterized in that:
(1) in the double-anode electrolysis device, wastewater or organic matter aqueous solution passes through a gap and a flow channel between an anode and a cathode and is electrochemically oxidized and broken by a plurality of groups of staggered anodes 1 and anodes 2 in sequence to realize deep oxidation;
(2) the working potential applied to the anode 1 is 1.5-2V vs. RHE (reversible hydrogen electrode potential), and the working potential applied to the anode 2 is 2-5V vs. RHE;
(3) the primary oxidation reaction of the easily oxidized substance is carried out on the anode 1, and the deep oxidation reaction of the difficultly oxidized substance is carried out on the anode 2;
(4) the hydrogen evolution reaction and the oxygen reduction reaction mainly occur at the cathode.
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---|---|---|---|---|
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2021
- 2021-01-05 CN CN202110008761.1A patent/CN112830555A/en active Pending
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US4085028A (en) * | 1974-11-21 | 1978-04-18 | Electro-Chlor Corporation | Electrolytic chlorination device |
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