CN112827045A - Air and oxygen mixing control device and method for breathing equipment - Google Patents
Air and oxygen mixing control device and method for breathing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 233
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 233
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 198
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 86
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000003434 inspiratory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000004756 Respiratory Insufficiency Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000004193 respiratory failure Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000028399 Critical Illness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/12—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different gases
- A61M16/122—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different gases with dilution
- A61M16/125—Diluting primary gas with ambient air
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to an air-oxygen mixing control device for breathing equipment, which comprises: the oxygen gas circuit, the air gas circuit and the oxygen air mixing chamber; the air inlet end of the oxygen gas circuit is externally connected with an oxygen source through an oxygen source interface, and the air inlet end of the air gas circuit is externally connected with an air source through an air source interface; the air outlet ends of the oxygen gas circuit and the air gas circuit are connected to the air-oxygen mixing chamber; the air-oxygen mixing chamber is connected with a mechanical dead space of the breathing equipment and is connected to a target; the controller is used for controlling the oxygen flow of the oxygen gas circuit and controlling the air flow of the air gas circuit in the current complete breathing cycle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to an air-oxygen mixing control device and method for breathing equipment (such as a breathing machine, a high-flow respiratory humidification therapeutic apparatus and other devices, hereinafter referred to as breathing equipment).
Background
In modern clinical medicine, breathing equipment has been widely used in respiratory failure due to various reasons, anesthesia and breathing management during major surgery, respiratory support therapy and emergency resuscitation as an effective means for manually replacing the function of spontaneous ventilation, and has occupied a very important position in the modern medical field. The respiratory equipment is a vital medical equipment which can prevent and treat respiratory failure, reduce complications and save and prolong the life of a patient.
During use, the breathing apparatus must mechanically ventilate a patient, and control of the ventilation volume and adjustment of the oxygen concentration are important for patients undergoing therapy, especially for infant patients and critically ill patients. Therefore, a device for controlling air and oxygen mixing is needed in the breathing equipment, namely, the volumes of air and oxygen are reasonably proportioned at the input end of the breathing equipment, and specific oxygen concentration is provided according to different patients so as to achieve the respiratory treatment effect. The accuracy and the sensitivity of the air-oxygen mixing control device of the breathing equipment are one of important indexes of the performance of the breathing equipment, and the performance grade of the breathing equipment is determined.
Currently, breathing apparatuses, for oxygen supply, mainly exist in two ways:
the first is constant oxygen supply, i.e. air and oxygen of constant oxygen concentration are input into the dead space of the machine of the breathing apparatus;
however, this method cannot adjust the oxygen flow rate of oxygen according to different targets, which results in a great deal of oxygen waste and greatly increases the cost.
The second is pulsed oxygen supply: intermittent oxygen supply can be performed according to different targets; however, the influence of the mechanical dead space of the breathing apparatus on the oxygen concentration cannot be considered, so that the air-oxygen mixture gas with the expected constant oxygen concentration cannot be obtained in the initial inspiration period, and the waste of the oxygen amount is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides an air-oxygen mixing control device for a breathing apparatus, comprising: the oxygen gas circuit, the air gas circuit, the oxygen air mixing chamber and the controller;
the air inlet end of the oxygen gas circuit is externally connected with an oxygen source through an oxygen source interface, and the air inlet end of the air gas circuit is externally connected with an air source through an air source interface; the air outlet ends of the oxygen gas circuit and the air gas circuit are connected to the air-oxygen mixing chamber; the air-oxygen mixing chamber is connected with a mechanical dead space of the breathing equipment and is connected to a target;
the controller is used for controlling the oxygen flow of the oxygen gas circuit and controlling the air flow of the air gas circuit in the current breathing cycle.
As one of the improvements of the above technical scheme, the oxygen gas circuit is provided with: the oxygen flow regulating unit and the oxygen flow collecting device;
the air path is provided with: the air flow adjusting unit and the air flow collecting device;
the oxygen flow collecting device and the air flow collecting device are respectively in communication connection with the controller, and the oxygen flow adjusting unit and the air flow adjusting unit are respectively in communication connection with the controller, so that data collection, adjustment and control are realized;
the oxygen flow collecting device is used for collecting the oxygen flow in the oxygen gas circuit;
the oxygen flow regulating unit is used for regulating the oxygen gas circuit;
the air flow collecting device is used for collecting the air flow in the air path;
and the air flow regulating unit is used for regulating the air path.
As one improvement of the technical scheme, the mechanical dead space of the breathing equipment is the volume of a device gas circuit from the gas mixing chamber to the patient end.
The invention also provides an air-oxygen mixing control method for the breathing equipment, which comprises the following steps:
during a current nth breathing cycle, the current breathing cycle is divided into an inspiratory phase and an expiratory phase; the inspiration phase is from the inspiration start time to the inspiration end time; the expiratory phase is from the expiration starting time to the expiration ending time; wherein the inspiration ending time is the same as the expiration starting time;
monitoring the oxygen gas circuit through a controller to obtain the expiration starting time, the inspiration ending time and the expiration ending time of the current breath; leading an interruption in the inspiratory phase and leading a ventilation in the respiratory phase.
As one of the improvements of the above technical solution, the method specifically includes:
opening the air flow regulating unit and the oxygen flow regulating unit, and recording the initial opening time of the oxygen flow regulating unit at the moment as T0 by using a timer arranged on the oxygen flow regulating unit; wherein, T0 is T0';
determining the inspiration time of the oxygen flow regulating unit according to the initial opening time T0 and the initial closing time T1(n) of the oxygen flow regulating unit estimated in advance; wherein T1(n) is less than T2';
in the inspiration time of the oxygen flow regulating unit, inputting a constant air source transmitted by an air gas circuit and an oxygen source with constant oxygen concentration transmitted by an oxygen gas circuit into an air-oxygen mixing chamber together to obtain the inspiratory working flow rate Qsi of the breathing equipment, and sending a closing signal for closing the oxygen flow regulating unit to a controller after the initial closing time T1(n) is reached so as to close the oxygen flow regulating unit;
determining the secondary air suction time of the oxygen flow regulating unit according to the pre-estimated secondary opening time T3(n) and secondary closing time T4 of the oxygen flow regulating unit; wherein T4 is equal to T4 'and T3 is less than T4';
according to the determined secondary inspiration time of the oxygen flow regulating unit, the controller secondarily opens the oxygen flow regulating unit at the secondary opening time according to the received signal of the secondary opening time of the secondary opening oxygen flow regulating unit;
and in the expiration time of the oxygen flow regulating unit, inputting a constant air source transmitted by an air gas circuit and an oxygen source with constant oxygen concentration transmitted by an oxygen gas circuit into an air-oxygen mixing chamber together to obtain the expiratory working flow rate Qse of the breathing equipment, and sending a closing signal for closing the oxygen flow regulating unit to the controller after reaching the secondary closing time T1(n), thereby closing the oxygen flow regulating unit.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the estimation process of the initial closing time T1(n) of the oxygen flow rate adjusting unit is as follows:
wherein, T1(n) is the initial closing time of the oxygen flow regulating unit in the nth respiration cycle; k1 is an inspiration correction factor;
estimated end time of the nth inspiratory phase through actual monitoring of the first n-1 breaths; vm is the volume or volume of the mechanical dead space of the breathing apparatus; qsi is the operating flow rate of the breathing apparatus inspiration.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the estimation process of the secondary opening time T3(n) of the oxygen flow rate adjusting unit is as follows:
wherein, T3(n) is the second opening time of the oxygen flow regulating unit in the nth respiration cycle; k2 is the expiratory correction factor;
estimated end time of nth expiratory phase for first n-1 breaths actually monitored; vm is the volume or volume of the mechanical dead space of the breathing apparatus; qse is the operating flow rate of exhalation of the breathing apparatus.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method of the invention can effectively deliver the mixed gas with the expected set oxygen concentration, and simultaneously reduce the supply of the oxygen supply flow of the oxygen, thereby effectively saving the oxygen supply flow of the oxygen.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air-oxygen mixing control device for a breathing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of a breathing cycle versus a target flow rate in a hybrid control method of air and oxygen for a breathing apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a graph of a breathing cycle versus an oxygen supply state in an air-oxygen mixture control method for a breathing apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an air-oxygen mixture control apparatus for a breathing apparatus, the apparatus including: the oxygen gas circuit, the air gas circuit and the oxygen air mixing chamber;
the air inlet end of the oxygen gas circuit is externally connected with an oxygen source through an oxygen source interface, and the air inlet end of the air gas circuit is externally connected with an air source through an air source interface; the air outlet ends of the oxygen gas circuit and the air gas circuit are connected to the air-oxygen mixing chamber; the air-oxygen mixing chamber is connected with a mechanical dead space of the breathing equipment and is connected to a target;
the controller is used for controlling the oxygen flow of the oxygen gas circuit and controlling the air flow of the air gas circuit in the current breathing cycle.
Specifically, the oxygen gas circuit is provided with: the oxygen flow regulating unit and the oxygen flow collecting device;
the air path is provided with: the air flow adjusting unit and the air flow collecting device;
the oxygen flow collecting device and the air flow collecting device are respectively in communication connection with the controller, and the oxygen flow adjusting unit and the air flow adjusting unit are respectively in communication connection with the controller, so that data collection, adjustment and control are realized;
the oxygen flow collecting device is used for collecting the oxygen flow in the oxygen gas circuit;
the oxygen flow regulating unit is used for regulating the oxygen gas circuit;
the air flow collecting device is used for collecting the air flow in the air path;
and the air flow regulating unit is used for regulating the air path.
The oxygen flow acquisition transmits the oxygen flow acquired in real time to the controller, so that the oxygen flow adjusting unit is controlled, and the concentration of the input oxygen is controlled. Optionally, in this embodiment, the oxygen flow regulating unit is an oxygen flow regulating valve, the air flow regulating unit is an air flow regulating valve, the oxygen flow collecting device is an oxygen flow sensor, and the air flow collecting device is an air flow sensor.
In this embodiment, the oxygen source is a high-pressure gas source or a low-pressure gas source (oxygen produced by an oxygen generator).
Optionally, the mechanical dead space of the breathing apparatus is the volume of the device airway from the gas mixing chamber to the patient side of the device.
The invention also provides an air-oxygen mixing control method for the breathing equipment, which considers the influence of the mechanical dead space of the breathing equipment on the oxygen concentration in the output mixed gas, performs effective oxygen flow adjustment through the gas volume Vm of the mechanical dead space of the breathing equipment, the given working flow rate Qs of the breathing equipment and the target actual breathing flow rate Qa, provides proper oxygen concentration according to the requirement to achieve the purpose of oxygen saving, and aims to obtain effective and constant oxygen concentration gas for treatment in a complete breathing period.
The method comprises the following steps: during a current nth breathing cycle, the current breathing cycle is divided into an inspiratory phase and an expiratory phase; the inspiration phase is from the inspiration start time to the inspiration end time; the expiratory phase is from the expiration starting time to the expiration ending time; wherein the inspiration ending time is the same as the expiration starting time;
monitoring the oxygen gas circuit through a controller to obtain the expiration starting time, the inspiration ending time and the expiration ending time of the current breath; leading an interruption in the inspiratory phase and leading a ventilation in the respiratory phase.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
within the current nth breathing cycle T0 '-T4', the current breathing cycle is divided into inspiratory phases T0 'to T2' and expiratory phases T2 'to T4';
wherein T0' is the target initial inspiration time; t2' is the end of inspiration or the start of expiration of the target; t4' is the target expiration end time;
the current respiratory cycle is obtained by detecting the last respiratory cycle through a respiratory detection device;
monitoring an oxygen gas circuit through a controller to obtain T0 ', T2 ' and T4 ' moments of current respiration; the controller controls the advanced ventilation during the current breathing cycle during the inspiratory phase and the advanced ventilation during the respiratory phase.
An oxygen flow regulating unit and an oxygen flow collecting device are sequentially arranged on the oxygen gas path, and an oxygen source with constant oxygen concentration enters the oxygen flow regulating unit from the air inlet end of the oxygen gas path through an oxygen source interface;
an air flow adjusting unit and an air flow sensor are sequentially arranged on the air path, and a constant air source enters the air flow adjusting unit from the air inlet end of the air path through an air source interface;
an air-oxygen mixing chamber is arranged at the air outlet ends of the oxygen gas path and the air gas path, and the air outlet of the air-oxygen mixing chamber is connected with a mechanical dead space of the breathing equipment;
opening the air flow regulating unit and the oxygen flow regulating unit, and recording the initial opening time of the oxygen flow regulating unit at the moment as T0 by using a timer arranged on the oxygen flow regulating unit; wherein, T0 is T0';
determining the inspiration time of the oxygen flow regulating unit according to the initial opening time T0 and the initial closing time T1(n) of the oxygen flow regulating unit estimated in advance; wherein T1(n) is less than T2 ', namely the inspiration time of the oxygen flow regulating unit is less than the inspiration phase T0 ' -T2 ' and in the front period of the inspiration phase;
specifically, the estimation process of the initial closing time T1 of the oxygen flow rate adjustment unit is as follows:
wherein, T1(n) is the initial closing time of the oxygen flow regulating unit in the nth respiration cycle; k1 is an inspiration correction factor;
estimated end time of the nth inspiratory phase through actual monitoring of the first n-1 breaths; vm is the volume or volume of the mechanical dead space of the breathing apparatus; qsi is the operating flow rate of the breathing apparatus inspiration.
In the inspiration time of the oxygen flow regulating unit, inputting a constant air source transmitted by an air gas circuit and an oxygen source with constant oxygen concentration transmitted by an oxygen gas circuit into an air-oxygen mixing chamber together to obtain the inspiratory working flow rate Qsi of the breathing equipment (the inspiratory working flow rate of the breathing equipment is the inspiratory flow rate of mixed gas, and is obtained by multiplying the volume flow by the sectional area of a pipeline), and after reaching the initial closing time T1, sending a closing signal for closing the oxygen flow regulating unit to a controller, thereby closing the oxygen flow regulating unit; the residual oxygen flow and the air flow are continuously input into the air-oxygen mixing chamber, and the residual mixed gas is used for continuously inhaling the air for the target, so that the oxygen flow adjusting unit is closed in advance before the air-inhaling time is finished, the oxygen source with constant oxygen concentration and the air source which are remained in the pipeline are mixed to form the mixed gas for the target to continuously inhale, the target is not influenced to continuously inhale the air, the oxygen source is effectively saved, and the cost is greatly reduced; in addition, in the air suction process, the controller is not needed to control and adjust the oxygen flow adjusting unit in real time, the output oxygen source is always constant in oxygen concentration, any adjustment is not needed, and the working efficiency is greatly improved;
determining the secondary air suction time of the oxygen flow regulating unit according to the pre-estimated secondary opening time T3(n) and secondary closing time T4 of the oxygen flow regulating unit; wherein T4 is equal to T4 'and T3 is less than T4', i.e. the secondary inspiration time of the oxygen flow regulating unit is within the range of the expiration phase T2 '-T4' and within the time interval before the end of the expiration phase;
specifically, the estimation process of the secondary opening time T3(n) of the oxygen flow rate adjustment unit is as follows:
wherein, T3(n) is the second opening time of the oxygen flow regulating unit in the nth respiration cycle; k2 is the expiratory correction factor;
estimated end time of nth expiratory phase for first n-1 breaths actually monitored; vm is the volume or volume of the mechanical dead space of the breathing apparatus; qse is the operating flow rate of exhalation of the breathing apparatus.
According to the determined secondary inspiration time of the oxygen flow regulating unit, the controller secondarily opens the oxygen flow regulating unit at the secondary opening time according to the received signal of the secondary opening time of the secondary opening oxygen flow regulating unit;
in the expiration time of the oxygen flow regulating unit, a constant air source transmitted by an air gas circuit and an oxygen source with constant oxygen concentration transmitted by an oxygen gas circuit are input into an air-oxygen mixing chamber together to obtain the work flow velocity Qse of expiration of the breathing equipment (the work flow velocity of expiration of the breathing equipment is the expiration flow velocity of mixed gas and is obtained by multiplying the volume flow by the sectional area of a pipeline), and after reaching a secondary closing time T1, a closing signal for closing the oxygen flow regulating unit is sent to a controller, so that the oxygen flow regulating unit is closed, the expiration phase is ended, the oxygen flow regulating unit is opened in advance before the expiration phase is ended, the mixed gas is introduced into a mechanical dead cavity of the breathing equipment in advance, the mechanical dead cavity of the breathing equipment is flushed, and the mixed gas actually taken by a target can be greatly improved, the supply of the oxygen source is reduced, and the oxygen amount of the oxygen source is effectively saved. Meanwhile, the problem that oxygen supply is not available and the oxygen concentration cannot be maintained at a constant concentration due to the fact that the oxygen flow regulating unit is closed in the expiration phase is balanced due to the fact that the oxygen flow regulating unit is opened in advance, and the mixed gas with the constant oxygen concentration can be obtained in the next complete respiration cycle.
The method further comprises the following steps: calculating the ratio VR of the oxygen supply adjusting time of the current respiratory cycle according to the initial closing time and the secondary opening time of the oxygen flow adjusting unit:
VR＝(T2’-T0)/(T4-T2’)
wherein, the concrete derivation process of the formula is as follows:
the time period T0-T1 and the time period T3-T4 are the primary on oxygen supply and the secondary on oxygen supply, respectively. The oxygen supply was turned off during the period T1-T3. The time ratio R of the opening of the oxygen supply in a single respiratory cycle is
R＝((T1-T0)+(T4-T3))/(T4-T0)
With T0 as 0, T0-T4 is the current respiratory cycle: T0-T2 are inspiration times, T4-T2 are expiration times.
Among them, T2-T1 is Vm/Qsi, and T4-T3 is Vm/Qse, and then it can be seen that, when Qsi is Qse, the time ratio R of starting oxygen supply in a single respiratory cycle can be converted into the ratio VR of the adjusted oxygen supply time in a single respiratory cycle:
VR＝(T2-T0)/(T4-T2)
i.e. equal to the call ratio of a single breathing cycle.
From the calculated VR, the amount of oxygen saved in a single breathing cycle can be known, thus significantly saving oxygen.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, within a complete respiratory cycle T0 '-T4', the current complete respiratory cycle is divided into an inspiratory phase T0 '-T2' and an expiratory phase T2 '-T4'; as shown in fig. 3, the hatched portion is the time when the oxygen supply is turned on; in the whole complete respiratory cycle, because the oxygen flow adjusting unit is closed in advance before the end of the inspiration phase, the residual mixed gas is used for the target to continuously inhale, the aim is to close the oxygen flow adjusting unit in advance before the end of the inspiration time, and the residual oxygen source with constant oxygen concentration in the pipeline is mixed with the air source to form the mixed gas which is used for the target to continuously inhale, the target continuous inspiration is not influenced, the oxygen source is effectively saved, and the cost is greatly reduced; in addition, before the end of the expiratory phase, the oxygen flow regulating unit is started in advance, the mechanical dead space of the breathing equipment is flushed in advance, the low concentration caused by closing the oxygen supply in the expiratory phase is balanced, and the mixed gas with the low oxygen concentration remained in the dead space is changed into the mixed gas with the constant oxygen concentration to be used by a target in the next complete respiratory cycle. Meanwhile, according to the effective control of the mechanical dead space of the breathing equipment, the oxygen supply is closed in advance at the inspiration end, the inhalation oxygen concentration of a patient is not influenced, and the supply of oxygen is effectively reduced.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An air-oxygen mixture control apparatus for a breathing apparatus, the apparatus comprising: the oxygen gas circuit, the air gas circuit, the oxygen air mixing chamber and the controller;
the air inlet end of the oxygen gas circuit is externally connected with an oxygen source through an oxygen source interface, and the air inlet end of the air gas circuit is externally connected with an air source through an air source interface; the air outlet ends of the oxygen gas circuit and the air gas circuit are connected to the air-oxygen mixing chamber; the air-oxygen mixing chamber is connected with a mechanical dead space of the breathing equipment and is connected to a target;
the controller is used for controlling the oxygen flow of the oxygen gas circuit and controlling the air flow of the air gas circuit in the current breathing cycle.
2. The air-oxygen mixing control device for the breathing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen gas circuit is provided with: the oxygen flow regulating unit and the oxygen flow collecting device;
the air path is provided with: the air flow adjusting unit and the air flow collecting device;
the oxygen flow collecting device and the air flow collecting device are respectively in communication connection with the controller, and the oxygen flow adjusting unit and the air flow adjusting unit are respectively in communication connection with the controller, so that data collection, adjustment and control are realized;
the oxygen flow collecting device is used for collecting the oxygen flow in the oxygen gas circuit;
the oxygen flow regulating unit is used for regulating the oxygen gas circuit;
the air flow collecting device is used for collecting the air flow in the air path;
and the air flow regulating unit is used for regulating the air path.
3. The air-oxygen mixing control device for a breathing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical dead space of the breathing apparatus is a device air path volume from the gas mixing chamber to the patient side.
4. A method for controlling air-oxygen mixture for a respiratory apparatus, the method being implemented based on the air-oxygen mixture control apparatus for a respiratory apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the method comprising:
during a current nth breathing cycle, the current breathing cycle is divided into an inspiratory phase and an expiratory phase; the inspiration phase is from the inspiration start time to the inspiration end time; the expiratory phase is from the expiration starting time to the expiration ending time;
monitoring the oxygen gas circuit through a controller to obtain the expiration starting time, the inspiration ending time and the expiration ending time of the current breath; leading an interruption in the inspiratory phase and leading a ventilation in the respiratory phase.
5. The air-oxygen mixture control method for a breathing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the method specifically comprises:
opening the air flow regulating unit and the oxygen flow regulating unit, and recording the initial opening time of the oxygen flow regulating unit at the moment as T0 by using a timer arranged on the oxygen flow regulating unit; wherein, T0 is T0';
determining the inspiration time of the oxygen flow regulating unit according to the initial opening time T0 and the initial closing time T1(n) of the oxygen flow regulating unit estimated in advance; wherein T1(n) is less than T2';
in the inspiration time of the oxygen flow regulating unit, inputting a constant air source transmitted by an air gas circuit and an oxygen source with constant oxygen concentration transmitted by an oxygen gas circuit into an air-oxygen mixing chamber together to obtain the inspiratory working flow rate Qsi of the breathing equipment, and sending a closing signal for closing the oxygen flow regulating unit to a controller after the initial closing time T1(n) is reached so as to close the oxygen flow regulating unit;
determining the secondary air suction time of the oxygen flow regulating unit according to the pre-estimated secondary opening time T3(n) and secondary closing time T4 of the oxygen flow regulating unit; wherein T4 is equal to T4 'and T3 is less than T4';
according to the determined secondary inspiration time of the oxygen flow regulating unit, the controller secondarily opens the oxygen flow regulating unit at the secondary opening time according to the received signal of the secondary opening time of the secondary opening oxygen flow regulating unit;
and in the expiration time of the oxygen flow regulating unit, inputting a constant air source transmitted by an air gas circuit and an oxygen source with constant oxygen concentration transmitted by an oxygen gas circuit into an air-oxygen mixing chamber together to obtain the expiratory working flow rate Qse of the breathing equipment, and sending a closing signal for closing the oxygen flow regulating unit to the controller after reaching the secondary closing time T1(n), thereby closing the oxygen flow regulating unit.
6. The air-oxygen mixture control method for a respiratory apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the estimation process of the initial closing time T1(n) of the oxygen flow regulating unit is as follows:
wherein, T1(n) is the initial closing time of the oxygen flow regulating unit in the nth respiration cycle; k1 is an inspiration correction factor;
estimated end time of the nth inspiratory phase through actual monitoring of the first n-1 breaths; vm is the volume or volume of the mechanical dead space of the breathing apparatus; qsi is the operating flow rate of the breathing apparatus inspiration.
7. The air-oxygen mixture control method for a respiratory apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the estimation process of the second opening time T3(n) of the oxygen flow regulating unit is as follows:
wherein, T3(n) is the second opening time of the oxygen flow regulating unit in the nth respiration cycle; k2 is the expiratory correction factor;
estimated end time of nth expiratory phase for first n-1 breaths actually monitored; vm is the volume or volume of the mechanical dead space of the breathing apparatus; qse is the operating flow rate of exhalation of the breathing apparatus.
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| CN114377258A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-04-22 | 北京谊安医疗系统股份有限公司 | Control device and control method for basic flow of neonatal ventilator |
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| CN114377258B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-09-19 | 北京谊安医疗系统股份有限公司 | Control device and control method for basic flow of neonate breathing machine |
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