CN112821348B - Current-limiting direct current breaker driven by short-circuit current - Google Patents
Current-limiting direct current breaker driven by short-circuit current Download PDFInfo
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- CN112821348B CN112821348B CN202110117469.3A CN202110117469A CN112821348B CN 112821348 B CN112821348 B CN 112821348B CN 202110117469 A CN202110117469 A CN 202110117469A CN 112821348 B CN112821348 B CN 112821348B
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011104 metalized film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
- H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for DC applications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/05—Details with means for increasing reliability, e.g. redundancy arrangements
Landscapes
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a current-limiting direct current breaker driven by short-circuit current, which comprises a fast switch driven by short-circuit current, a self-induction trigger, a voltage-limiting and energy-absorbing component, a diode connected in anti-parallel with the fast switch, a pulse switch connected with the cathode of the diode, a pulse capacitor with one end connected with one path of the pulse switch, a current-limiting resistor connected with the other path of the pulse switch and a pulse inductor with one end connected with the other end of the pulse capacitor, wherein the other end of the pulse inductor is connected with the anode of the diode, one end of a charging contactor is connected with the positive electrode inlet wire side of the breaker, the other end of the charging contactor is connected with one end of a fuse, the other end of the fuse is connected with one pole of the pulse capacitor, and the other end of the pulse capacitor is connected with the cathode of the breaker through the current-limiting resistor. The quick switching-off is realized, the current conversion input is realized, the pre-charging of the current conversion component is realized, the system is hung and float-charged, the composition is simple, the structure is novel, the response speed is faster, the switching-off is more reliable, and the current limiting effect is more outstanding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of switching appliances, and particularly relates to a current-limiting direct current breaker driven by short-circuit current.
Background
The forced commutation type direct current vacuum circuit breaker is mainly composed of a vacuum switch, a pre-charged LC commutation loop, a voltage limiting and energy absorbing component based on MOV and a fault detection and time sequence controller. When the fault is disconnected, the current sensor detects current, the logic controller judges that the fault is followed, the vacuum switch is triggered to rapidly break, the current switching circuit is triggered to be put in at a proper time, a zero crossing point is manufactured in the vacuum switch, the current is transferred to the current switching circuit to build overvoltage, the MOV is used for limiting voltage and absorbing energy, and finally the current disconnection is realized. The forced commutation type direct current vacuum circuit breaker has the advantages of large breaking short-circuit current, better application prospect, high requirements on quick response and high-frequency breaking capacity of a mechanical switch, and main defects of more commutation circuits and slave devices thereof and complex control.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the current-limiting direct current breaker capable of realizing normal self-energy storage and fault self-breaking and driven by the short-circuit current.
The invention provides a short-circuit current self-driven current-limiting direct current breaker, which comprises a short-circuit current self-driven quick switch, a self-induction trigger integrated with the quick switch, a voltage-limiting and energy-absorbing component connected in parallel with the quick switch, a diode connected in anti-parallel with the quick switch, a pulse switch connected with the cathode of the diode, a pulse capacitor with one end connected with one path of the pulse switch, a current-limiting resistor connected with the other path of the pulse switch and a pulse inductor with one end connected with the other end of the pulse capacitor, wherein the other end of the pulse inductor is connected to the anode of the diode, the quick switch is connected in series with the positive electrode of the breaker, one end of a charging contactor is connected with the positive electrode inlet side of the breaker, the other end of the charging contactor is connected with one end of a fuse, the other end of the fuse is connected with one electrode of the pulse capacitor, and the other end of the pulse capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the breaker through the current-limiting resistor.
Further, the fast switch is a fast vacuum switch self-driven by short-circuit current.
Further, the charging contactor is a high-voltage vacuum contactor.
Further, the pulse switch is a vacuum trigger switch or a pulse thyristor.
Furthermore, the pulse capacitor is a metallized film pulse capacitor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) The invention adopts the short-circuit current self-driven fast switch, realizes fast repulsion brake separation by the short-circuit current self-driven under the fault working condition, omits a driving capacitor bank and a charging and discharging part thereof, has simpler mechanism, does not need to wait for external instructions, and has quicker brake separation response and more reliability;
2) The invention adopts the trigger integrated with the fast switch, automatically induces the short-circuit current to form the trigger signal, triggers the current switching input according to the set delay, adopts the optical fiber as a connecting medium, has the electrical isolation function, has simpler control links and ensures that the short-circuit breaking is more reliable;
3) The invention adopts the precharge circuit to precharge the pulse capacitor by utilizing the system electric energy, simplifies the composition of the pulse capacitor charge and discharge equipment, has simpler composition and more reliable application because the capacitor electric energy is derived from the system, has the fuse fusing alarm function of the load side fault condition, and avoids the risk of closing the switch in the load side fault condition.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a current limiting DC circuit breaker of the present invention with short circuit current self-driven;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit breaker precharge and close process;
fig. 3 is a topology diagram of a circuit breaker closing state system;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit breaker short circuit self-driven, self-triggering.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The current-limiting direct current circuit breaker driven by short-circuit current as shown in fig. 1 comprises a fast switch 1 driven by short-circuit current, a self-induction trigger 2 integrated with the fast switch 1, a voltage-limiting and energy-absorbing component 3 connected in parallel with the fast switch 1, a diode 4 connected in anti-parallel with the fast switch 1, a pulse switch 5 connected with the cathode of the diode 4, a pulse capacitor 6 with one end connected with one path of the pulse switch 5, a current-limiting resistor 11 connected with the other path of the pulse switch 5 and a pulse inductor 7 with one end connected with the other end of the pulse capacitor 6, wherein the other end of the pulse inductor 7 is connected to the anode of the diode 4, the fast switch 1 is connected in series with the anode 8 of the circuit breaker, one end of a charging contactor 9 is connected with the wire inlet side of the anode 8 of the circuit breaker, the other end of the charging contactor 9 is connected with one end of a fuse 10, the other end of the fuse 10 is connected with one pole of the pulse capacitor 6, and the other end of the pulse capacitor 6 is connected with the cathode 12 of the circuit breaker through the current-limiting resistor 11.
When the circuit breaker is closed, the charging contactor 9 is closed firstly to precharge the pulse capacitor 6, and after the pulse capacitor 6 is charged to the system voltage, the charging contactor 9 is opened, the fast switch 1 is closed, and the main loop is connected. In the closing state, the fast switch bears the main current through-flow task, the charging contactor 9 is opened, the pulse switch 5 is opened, and the system maintains the voltage of the pulse capacitor 6 at the system voltage through the current limiting resistor 11. As shown in fig. 2 and 3.
Under the fault condition, the rapid switch 1 is rapidly opened due to the large short-circuit current rising rate in the main loop, and the integrated self-induction trigger 2 delays a certain time to emit light, so that the pulse switch 5 is triggered to be turned on. After the pulse switch 5 is conducted, the pulse capacitor 6 discharges rapidly, the current of the fast switch 1 crosses zero rapidly, the diode 4 is a medium recovery condition of the fast switch 1 approximate to zero voltage, after the reverse charging voltage of the pulse capacitor 6 is higher than the action voltage of the voltage limiting and energy absorbing assembly 3, fault current is transferred to the voltage limiting and energy absorbing assembly 3 to consume energy, and the pulse switch 5 is turned off when the current is smaller than a certain value. As shown in fig. 4.
In this embodiment, the fast switch employs a vacuum interrupter adapted short circuit current self-driving mechanism. The charging contactor 9 is a high-voltage vacuum contactor, the pulse switch 5 is a vacuum trigger switch or a pulse thyristor, and the pulse capacitor 6 is a metallized film pulse capacitor.
According to the invention, the quick switch 1 is connected in series with the positive electrode 8 of the circuit breaker, so that the quick self-driving of the mechanism fault current is realized; a self-induction trigger 2 integrated with a fast switch is adopted to realize forced commutation breaking of direct-current fault current; identifying a load side fault with the fuse 10; the pre-charging loop (comprising the charging contactor 9, the fuse 10 and the current limiting resistor 11) is adopted, so that the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker is ensured before the circuit breaker is switched on, and the pulse capacitor 6 is directly hung on the net to be automatically maintained in a floating charging state in the switching-on operation of the circuit breaker, so that the charging circuit is omitted. It is possible for those skilled in the art to select other types of fast switches or to change only part of the breaker, but all or part of dc protection devices comprising a short-circuit current self-driven fast vacuum switch, a self-induction trigger, and a pre-charge commutation circuit are all the protection scope of the present invention.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the short-circuit current rising rate in the direct-current system is not less than 10kA/ms, and under the drive of the short-circuit current self-driving repulsive force mechanism, contacts with the moving mass of more than 2kg can be driven to separate within 300 microseconds, and the opening distance of more than 3mm can be achieved within 1.5 ms. The delay of the current conversion circuit is about 1.5ms, so that the forced current conversion breaking of short-circuit current is realized, and the fault current is limited within 30 kA.
In the invention, the short-circuit current self-driven fast switch 1 and the self-induction trigger 2 have the characteristic of fault current self-adaption, the larger the fault current change rate is, the faster the fast switch response and the switching-off speed are, the smaller the delay of the self-induction trigger 2 is, the slower the fault current rise is, the slower the switching-off speed is, and the current input delay of the pulse capacitor 6 is longer. Therefore, in the implementation of the invention, the switching-off characteristics of the quick mechanism, the delay time of the self-induction trigger 2 and the like can be adjusted according to different actual requirements, so that the current-limiting and switching-off requirements under different fault current conditions are met.
The foregoing is merely a preferred example of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A current-limiting direct current breaker driven by short-circuit current is characterized in that: the circuit breaker comprises a short-circuit current self-driven quick switch (1), a self-induction trigger (2) integrated with the quick switch (1), a voltage limiting and energy absorbing component (3) connected in parallel with the quick switch (1), a diode (4) connected in anti-parallel with the quick switch (1), a pulse switch (5) connected with the cathode of the diode (4), a pulse capacitor (6) with one end connected with one path of the pulse switch (5), a current limiting resistor (11) connected with the other path of the pulse switch (5) and a pulse inductor (7) with one end connected with the other end of the pulse capacitor (6), wherein the other end of the pulse inductor (7) is connected to the anode of the diode (4), the quick switch (1) is connected in series with the positive electrode (8) of the circuit breaker, one end of a charging contactor (9) is connected with the wire inlet side of the positive electrode (8) of the circuit breaker, the other end of the charging contactor (9) is connected with one end of a fuse (10), the other end of the fuse (10) is connected with one pole of the pulse capacitor (6), and the other end of the pulse capacitor (6) is connected with the negative electrode (12) of the circuit breaker through the current limiting resistor (11); the quick switch (1) adopts a quick vacuum switch driven by short-circuit current;
When the circuit breaker is closed, a charging contactor (9) is closed firstly to precharge a pulse capacitor (6), the charging contactor (9) is opened after the pulse capacitor (6) is charged to the system voltage, a fast switch (1) is closed, and a main loop is connected; in a closing state, the fast switch bears a main current through-flow task, the charging contactor (9) is disconnected, the pulse switch (5) is disconnected, and the system maintains the voltage of the pulse capacitor (6) at the system voltage through the current limiting resistor (11);
under the fault condition, the short-circuit current rising rate in the main loop is large, the fast switch (1) is fast opened, the integrated self-induction trigger (2) delays to emit light for a certain time, and the trigger pulse switch (5) is turned on; after the pulse switch (5) is conducted, the pulse capacitor (6) discharges rapidly, the current of the rapid switch (1) crosses zero rapidly, the diode (4) is a medium recovery condition of the rapid switch (1) approximate to zero voltage, after the reverse charging voltage of the pulse capacitor (6) is higher than the action voltage of the voltage limiting and energy absorbing assembly (3), fault current is transferred to the voltage limiting and energy absorbing assembly (3) to consume energy, and the pulse switch (5) is turned off when the current is smaller than a certain value.
2. The short-circuit current self-driven current-limiting dc circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein: the charging contactor (9) is a high-voltage vacuum contactor.
3. The short-circuit current self-driven current-limiting dc circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein: the pulse switch (5) is a vacuum trigger switch or a pulse thyristor.
4. The short-circuit current self-driven current-limiting dc circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein: the pulse capacitor (6) is a metallized film pulse capacitor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110117469.3A CN112821348B (en) | 2021-01-28 | 2021-01-28 | Current-limiting direct current breaker driven by short-circuit current |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110117469.3A CN112821348B (en) | 2021-01-28 | 2021-01-28 | Current-limiting direct current breaker driven by short-circuit current |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112821348A CN112821348A (en) | 2021-05-18 |
| CN112821348B true CN112821348B (en) | 2024-09-17 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117498284B (en) * | 2023-10-26 | 2024-04-05 | 武汉大学 | A series compensation capacitor device based on short-circuit fault current intelligent self-driving |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102751116A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2012-10-24 | 福州大学 | Quick electromagnetic repulsion mechanism based on fault current energy and change rate and application of quick electromagnetic repulsion mechanism |
| CN204167194U (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-02-18 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of self-charging topological structure of high voltage direct current vacuum circuit-breaker transfer capacitor |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102290279A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2011-12-21 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | High speed vacuum direct current (DC) current limiting circuit breaker |
| KR102167948B1 (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2020-10-20 | 엘에스일렉트릭(주) | Dc circuit breaker and method for breaking of dc circuit breaker |
| CN108879609A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-23 | 国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司 | Protective circuit breaker of generator outlet based on high frequency manual zero passage technology |
| CN110048381A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-23 | 西安交通大学 | Dc circuit breaker and its application method based on the transfer of liquid arc voltage |
| CN112071723B (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2022-06-21 | 西安交通大学 | A quick switch operating mechanism combining permanent magnet and repulsion |
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- 2021-01-28 CN CN202110117469.3A patent/CN112821348B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102751116A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2012-10-24 | 福州大学 | Quick electromagnetic repulsion mechanism based on fault current energy and change rate and application of quick electromagnetic repulsion mechanism |
| CN204167194U (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-02-18 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of self-charging topological structure of high voltage direct current vacuum circuit-breaker transfer capacitor |
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| CN112821348A (en) | 2021-05-18 |
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