CN112809415A - Horizontal double-sided combined milling machine fixture with four positioning planes of tractor gearbox - Google Patents
Horizontal double-sided combined milling machine fixture with four positioning planes of tractor gearbox Download PDFInfo
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- CN112809415A CN112809415A CN202110128157.2A CN202110128157A CN112809415A CN 112809415 A CN112809415 A CN 112809415A CN 202110128157 A CN202110128157 A CN 202110128157A CN 112809415 A CN112809415 A CN 112809415A
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- cylinder
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- milling machine
- horizontal double
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q2703/00—Work clamping
- B23Q2703/02—Work clamping means
- B23Q2703/04—Work clamping means using fluid means or a vacuum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q2703/00—Work clamping
- B23Q2703/02—Work clamping means
- B23Q2703/10—Devices for clamping workpieces of a particular form or made from a particular material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
- Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a horizontal double-sided combined milling machine fixture with four positioning planes of a tractor gearbox, wherein two fixed cylinders are fixed on two sides of a fixture body of the fixture, two movable cylinders are installed in a cylinder barrel above each fixed cylinder, a piston rod of each fixed cylinder moves to push a rear cover of each movable cylinder through a lever so that the movable cylinders move in the cylinder barrel, an expandable positioning pin is expanded to realize positioning and clamping when the cylinder barrel moves through an inclined plane at the front end of the piston rod of each movable cylinder, a plurality of supports are arranged on the bottom plane of the fixture body, and when a piston rod of a small cylinder pushes a wedge iron, a sliding column is ejected. The horizontal double-sided combined milling machine tool solves the problem that no fixture is needed for a horizontal double-sided combined milling machine aiming at four positioning planes of a gearbox of a tractor, the horizontal double-sided combined milling machine tool is completely positioned, multi-point clamping is realized, cutting force can assist in clamping, the clamping reliability is greatly improved, a blank hole is used as a positioning rough reference, a foundation is provided for uniform machining allowance of subsequent holes, and powerful guarantee is provided for fine machining of the holes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a horizontal double-sided combined milling machine fixture with four positioning planes of a tractor gearbox, belonging to the technical field of machine tool fixtures.
Background
As shown in fig. 1, a tractor gearbox body is provided with an input shaft, an output shaft, other transmission shafts, bearings, gears and the like, the travelling speed of the tractor is changed by changing the transmission ratio of a sliding gear and a fixed gear which are arranged on the shafts, and the main function of the gearbox body is to support the transmission shafts, ensure the center distance and the parallelism between the shafts and ensure the correct installation of the parts of the tractor gearbox body and other parts connected with the parts.
The parameters of the tractor gearbox body are as follows: material HT150, casting blank; from the structural process characteristics, the tractor gearbox body is a cavity-shaped part of a thin-wall shell, has a complex structure, small casting difficulty and poor rigidity, is easy to deform after being stressed by strong force, and has higher requirement on processing precision; the outer surface of the device is provided with a plurality of connecting planes to be processed, supporting holes are distributed on the front end surface and the rear end surface, and four positioning planes are specially processed as auxiliary references in order to better facilitate the processing and meet the precision requirement; in addition to the bearing holes, each attachment surface has a series of threaded holes.
The main technical requirements are as follows:
the dimensional accuracy and the geometric accuracy of the bearing hole, namely the aperture tolerance grade is IT7 grade, and the geometric accuracy is controlled within the range of the dimensional tolerance zone;
pitch tolerance-about IT9 grade (0.120 mm);
the parallelism between the central lines of the bearing holes is within the range of a hole distance tolerance band, and the tolerance grade is about 10-11 grade;
the verticality tolerance of the end face to the bearing hole is 100:0.050mm and is about 7-8 grades;
the coaxiality tolerance of the bearing holes at the two ends is phi 0.015 mm;
the flatness tolerance of the assembly base surface is 0.100mm, and is about 9 grades;
the position degree of each threaded hole is-0.200 mm;
the surface roughness requirement of the main bearing hole is Ra <3.2um, and the surface roughness requirements of the upper plane, the front plane, the rear plane and the like are Ra <6.3 um.
The tractor gearbox body is produced in a large batch mode, the main equipment is a special combined machine tool, and the main processing procedures are as follows:
(1) milling four positioning planes (horizontal double-sided combined milling machine);
(2) milling front and rear planes;
(3) milling an upper plane;
(4) roughly boring and drilling;
(5) precision boring (both sides simultaneously);
(6) drilling and chamfering are carried out on three planes simultaneously;
(7) reaming and counterboring;
(8) tapping the threaded hole from three sides simultaneously;
(9) drilling and tapping on the surface of the observation window;
(10) drilling, tapping and counterboring.
However, in the prior art, no clamp used in the first processing procedure of the tractor gearbox, namely a horizontal double-sided combined milling machine clamp for milling four positioning surfaces, exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a horizontal double-sided combined milling machine fixture with four positioning planes of a tractor gearbox, aiming at solving the problem that no fixture is needed by the horizontal double-sided combined milling machine with four positioning planes of the tractor gearbox in the background technology.
The invention provides a horizontal double-sided combined milling machine fixture with four positioning planes of a tractor gearbox, which comprises two fixed cylinders, two movable cylinders, two mandrels, a plurality of expandable positioning pins, five piston rods, small cylinders, a cylinder barrel, a fixture body, a lever, a plurality of supports, a sliding column and a wedge, wherein the two fixed cylinders are fixed on two sides of the fixture body, two movable cylinders are installed in the cylinder barrel above each fixed cylinder, the piston rod of each fixed cylinder moves to push the rear cover of the movable cylinder through the lever so that the movable cylinder moves in the cylinder barrel, the front end of the piston rod of each movable cylinder is in clearance fit with a mandrel hole, the front end of the mandrel is circumferentially provided with the plurality of expandable positioning pins, and the expandable positioning pins are expanded to realize positioning and clamping when the cylinder barrel acts through the inclined plane of the front end of the piston rod of the movable cylinder,
the bottom plane of the fixture body is provided with a plurality of supports, the bottom plane of the fixture body is further provided with a small air cylinder, the front end of the small air cylinder is connected with a wedge, and when a piston rod of the small air cylinder pushes the wedge, the sliding column is ejected.
Preferably, a fork seat is arranged between each fixed cylinder and each movable cylinder and is used for supporting the lever.
Preferably, the horizontal double-sided combined milling machine fixture with four positioning planes of the tractor gearbox further comprises two spring hoops, wherein the two spring hoops penetrate through the expandable positioning pins and are embedded in the annular grooves of the mandrel, the horizontal double-sided combined milling machine fixture is used for finishing machining, and after the movable air cylinders retract, the original positions of the positioning pins are restored, and the horizontal double-sided combined milling machine fixture leaves the workpiece.
Preferably, the cylinder barrel support is provided with a feeler block.
The horizontal double-sided combined milling machine fixture with four positioning planes of the tractor gearbox has the beneficial effects that:
1. the horizontal double-sided combined milling machine fixture solves the problem that the horizontal double-sided combined milling machine fixture with four positioning planes of the tractor gearbox needs to be completely positioned, clamped at multiple points, assisted in clamping by cutting force, and greatly improved in clamping reliability, and provides a foundation for uniform machining allowance of subsequent holes and powerful guarantee for the finish machining quality of the holes by taking blank holes as positioning rough references.
2. All clamping mechanisms of the invention are combined with the tapered wedge clamping mechanism, can be self-locked, and have firm clamping and strong reliability; in addition, the pneumatic clamping is adopted, so that the action sequence of an electrical system can be conveniently controlled, the clamping efficiency is high, and the high-efficiency requirement of mass production is met.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a tractor transmission according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the tractor transmission of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a tractor transmission according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the horizontal type double-sided combination milling machine fixture with four positioning planes of the tractor gearbox according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the appearance of a horizontal two-sided combination milling machine fixture for four locating planes of a tractor gearbox according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a sectional side view of the horizontal type double-sided combination milling machine fixture for four positioning planes of the tractor gearbox according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a traveler and a wedge of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a horizontal double-sided combination milling machine fixture for four locating planes of a tractor gearbox according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an isometric view at one angle of a horizontal double-sided combination milling machine fixture for four locating planes of a tractor transmission according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an isometric view of the horizontal two-sided combination milling machine fixture at another angle for four locating planes of the tractor transmission of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an exploded view of a horizontal two-sided combination milling machine fixture for four locating planes of a tractor gearbox according to the present invention;
wherein, 1-tractor gear box, 2-expandable positioning pin B, 3-mandrel B, 4-expandable positioning pin A, 5-mandrel A, 6-piston rod A, 7-piston A, 8-stop washer for round nut, 9-small cylinder, 10-cylinder barrel A, 11-front cover A, 13-sealing ring A, 14-clamp body, 15-front cover B, 16-piston rod B, 17-lever, 18-fork seat, 21-flat key, 22-front cover C, 23-support, 25-hexagonal head compression screw, 26-screw support, 28-sliding column, 29-wedge iron, 32-wedge iron seat, 33-spring cover, 38-piston C, 39-piston rod C, 40-sealing ring B, 43-rear cover, 46-plug, 47-spring band A, 48-spring band B, 49-aligning block.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in conjunction with the appended drawings:
the first embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is explained with reference to fig. 1 to 11. The horizontal double-sided combined milling machine fixture with four positioning planes of the tractor gearbox comprises two fixed cylinders, two movable cylinders, two mandrels, a plurality of expandable positioning pins, five piston rods, a small cylinder 9, a cylinder barrel 10, a fixture body 14, a lever 17, a plurality of bearings 23, a sliding column 28 and a wedge 29, wherein the two fixed cylinders are fixed on two sides of the fixture body 14, the two movable cylinders are installed in the cylinder barrel 10 above each fixed cylinder, the piston rod of each fixed cylinder moves to push the rear cover of the movable cylinder through the lever 17 so as to enable the movable cylinder to move in the cylinder barrel 10, the front end of the piston rod of each movable cylinder is in clearance fit with a mandrel hole, the plurality of expandable positioning pins are circumferentially installed at the front end of the mandrel, and the expandable positioning pins are expanded to realize positioning and clamping when the cylinder barrel 10 acts through the inclined plane at the front end of the piston rod of the movable cylinder,
the bottom plane of the fixture body 14 is provided with a plurality of supports 23, the bottom plane of the fixture body 14 is further provided with a small air cylinder 9, the front end of the small air cylinder 9 is connected with a wedge 29, and when a piston rod of the small air cylinder 9 pushes the wedge 29, a sliding column 28 is ejected.
A fork seat 18 is arranged between each fixed cylinder and each movable cylinder and is used for supporting the lever 17.
And a feeler block 49 is arranged on the cylinder barrel bracket.
The two spring hoops pass through the expandable locating pins (2 and 4) and are embedded in the annular grooves of the mandrels (5 and 3) for finishing the machining, and after the air cylinder retracts, the original positions (the non-expansion state) of the locating pins (2 and 4) are restored so as to leave the workpiece.
Each movable cylinder is provided with a front cover and a rear cover.
The invention relates to a horizontal double-sided combined milling machine fixture for four positioning planes of a tractor gearbox, which is used in a first processing procedure of the tractor gearbox, namely the horizontal double-sided combined milling machine fixture for milling the four positioning planes.
As shown in fig. 2, the workpiece is completely positioned by using two blank holes and end faces thereof and an outer side of the box body as positioning references; the specific positioning condition is that theoretically, two blank holes of the coaxial line limit 4 degrees of freedom in positioning, the end face positioning limits 1 degree of freedom in movement, and one outer side of the box body limits 1 degree of freedom in rotation. The clamping scheme is considered that two blank holes are positioned and simultaneously clamped in an expanding mode of an expandable positioning pin of a centering clamping mechanism, the clamping of end face positioning is assisted by milling force in the machining process, and the clamping of one outer side of the box body is considered to be pressed against the opposite sliding column of the inclined wedge clamping mechanism and can be self-locked.
When a workpiece is installed, the workpiece is pre-positioned on the 4 supports 23, then the pneumatic device of the electric control part is started, the expandable positioning pin 2 of the clamp is sent into the workpiece positioning hole by the action of the lever 17 through the cylinder barrel 10 (wherein the end face of the mandrel A5 of the expandable positioning pin A4 on the other side abuts against the end face of the workpiece when the expandable positioning pin A4 on the other side is sent into the hole), the expandable positioning pin is expanded by the inclined surface of the front end of the piston rod 6 of the cylinder when the cylinder barrel 10 acts to realize positioning and clamping, and then the wedge 29 pushes out the slide column 28 by the action of the small cylinder below the clamp body to enable the workpiece to abut against the hexagonal head compression screw 25.
During machining, the milling cutters on both sides are adjusted in position by the cutter blocks 49 (without adjustment each time), and then can be fed for machining.
And (5) after the machining is finished, starting the pneumatic device, loosening the workpiece, taking out the machined workpiece, and finishing one machining cycle.
The above-mentioned embodiments further explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and that the reasonable combination of the features described in the above-mentioned embodiments can be made, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110128157.2A CN112809415B (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2021-01-29 | A horizontal double-sided combined milling machine fixture with four positioning planes for tractor gearbox |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110128157.2A CN112809415B (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2021-01-29 | A horizontal double-sided combined milling machine fixture with four positioning planes for tractor gearbox |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112809415A true CN112809415A (en) | 2021-05-18 |
| CN112809415B CN112809415B (en) | 2022-11-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110128157.2A Active CN112809415B (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2021-01-29 | A horizontal double-sided combined milling machine fixture with four positioning planes for tractor gearbox |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115341345A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-11-15 | 台州市钮王缝纫机有限公司 | Integrated rack of button sewing machine or sewing machine and processing technology thereof |
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| CN110802428A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-18 | 常州机电职业技术学院 | Milling machine fixture for gearbox of coulter gear |
| CN111992750A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-27 | 常州机电职业技术学院 | Wedge type external expansion lathe fixture for outer circle of aluminum piston |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100764182B1 (en) * | 2006-12-04 | 2007-10-05 | (주)대광정공 | Jig for machining the engine mounting block |
| CN204183297U (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-03-04 | 东风汽车零部件(集团)有限公司 | A kind of positioning fixture processing yoke class part |
| CN204621621U (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-09-09 | 无锡凯绎科技有限公司 | Gearbox pneumatic clamping apparatus |
| CN106363423A (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2017-02-01 | 安徽红星阀门有限公司 | Processing clamp of thin-wall rotation work piece |
| CN105855960A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-08-17 | 瑞立集团瑞安汽车零部件有限公司 | Portable multi-purpose quick self-locking fixture |
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| CN207840710U (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-09-11 | 浙江盛业科技有限公司 | A kind of straight line driving mechanism and apply its annular workpieces clamping device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115341345A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-11-15 | 台州市钮王缝纫机有限公司 | Integrated rack of button sewing machine or sewing machine and processing technology thereof |
| CN115341345B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2025-01-07 | 台州市钮王缝纫机有限公司 | Integrated frame of button sewing machine or sewing machine and processing technology thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112809415B (en) | 2022-11-11 |
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