CN112796340A - A new type of marine suction pile and its construction method - Google Patents
A new type of marine suction pile and its construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112796340A CN112796340A CN202110095266.9A CN202110095266A CN112796340A CN 112796340 A CN112796340 A CN 112796340A CN 202110095266 A CN202110095266 A CN 202110095266A CN 112796340 A CN112796340 A CN 112796340A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/24—Foundations constructed by making use of diving-bells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
- E02D27/525—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water using elements penetrating the underwater ground
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0026—Metals
- E02D2300/0029—Steel; Iron
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel ocean suction pile and a construction method thereof, and the novel ocean suction pile is characterized by comprising a hollow pile body and an inner additional cover arranged on the inner side of the pile body, wherein a pile top cover through hole for draining, exhausting and pumping water is formed in the pile top cover of the pile body, and an inner additional cover through hole for draining and exhausting water is formed in the inner additional cover. The novel ocean suction pile is also called as a novel ocean suction bucket, and by optimizing the internal design of the suction pile, the defect of insufficient bearing capacity of a pile foundation caused by the fact that a pile top cover drainage/exhaust hole or a water pumping hole is blocked and loses efficacy during operation of the suction pile is eliminated, and the risk that the suction pile accidentally sinks, inclines greatly or sinks continuously is avoided; simultaneously, grouting is not needed during installation operation of the novel ocean suction pile, and the construction period and the expense of offshore operation are greatly saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an underwater structure/facility foundation of an ocean oil and gas project, in particular to an ocean wind power structure foundation of a new energy project, and specifically discloses a novel ocean suction pile and a construction method thereof.
Background
The ocean suction pile, also called as a suction barrel, is widely applied to an underwater structure/facility foundation of ocean oil and gas engineering, an ocean wind power main structure foundation and the like.
Some conventional suction pile designs require that the pile head must be higher than the seabed while the suction pile tip reaches the required penetration depth to facilitate underwater operations or meet superstructure work height requirements. In the case of a pile cap at a distance x from the seabed, there is no direct contact between the pile cap and the seabed and the enclosed space between is occupied by seawater. Under the condition that the drainage/exhaust hole and the water pumping hole of the pile top cover are completely sealed, seawater in the closed space cannot be compressed, so that the closed space and the suction pile are integrally formed. When the top of the pile bears the vertical load of the superstructure, the load is mainly composed of the frictional resistance between the outer surface of the pile body and the soil and the bearing capacity of the cross-sectional area of the end part. However, when the drainage/exhaust hole and the pumping hole of the pile top cover are sealed and lose efficacy, and seawater in the closed space freely enters and exits, the bearing capacity of the cross section of the end part of the suction pile/bucket can be lost, and the bearing capacity of the pile foundation can be greatly reduced. The hidden trouble that the bearing capacity of the pile foundation is insufficient is caused, the risk that the suction pile sinks accidentally is improved, and even the suction pile tilts greatly or sinks continuously until the pile top cover and the seabed are in full contact with each other. The accidental sinking, large inclination or continuous sinking of the suction pile can cause the upper structure to be excessively bent or deformed, further causing structural damage and interrupting production operation. The method has serious consequences on the environment, structural integrity and facility safety, and is very easy to cause great economic loss and environmental disasters.
In order to prevent the hidden trouble of insufficient bearing capacity of the pile foundation caused by the sealing failure of the drainage/exhaust hole and the water pumping hole of the pile top cover, some project schemes can carry out grouting operation after the suction pile is installed, grouting equipment installed on a ship or on the seabed injects cement paste into the pile top cover from an opening hole, fills the space between the pile top cover and the seabed, and simultaneously completely removes seawater in the space. And after grouting solidification, performing upper installation operation. The offshore grouting operation involves allocation and construction of ship resources, which adds an additional formula and significantly increases construction costs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing marine suction pile is short in design, potential operation hidden danger is caused, and the existing marine suction pile needs grouting to install and operate, so that the construction period is long and the offshore operation cost is high, and provides a novel marine suction pile, which is also called a novel marine suction bucket, wherein the novel marine suction pile eliminates the shortage of pile foundation bearing capacity caused by the failure of drainage/exhaust hole or water suction hole blockage of a pile top cover during the operation of the suction pile by optimizing the internal design of the suction pile, so that the risk that the suction pile sinks accidentally and is inclined greatly or sinks continuously is avoided; simultaneously, grouting is not needed during installation operation of the novel ocean suction pile, and the construction period and the expense of offshore operation are greatly saved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a novel suction stake of ocean (suction bucket), includes hollow pile body and sets up at the inboard interior lid that increases of pile body, offer the pile top lid through-hole that is used for drainage, exhaust and draws water on the pile top lid of pile body, it covers the through-hole to increase in offering to be used for drainage, exhaust in to increase in covering.
Further, the inner augmented cover is made of a high-strength and corrosion-resistant material, and the inner augmented cover comprises but is not limited to a steel plate material.
Furthermore, the pile top cover through holes are multiple, preferably the pile top cover through holes are two, one is used for draining and exhausting, and the other is connected with a water suction pump and used for pumping water.
Further, the inner cover through holes are single or multiple, and the design of the inner cover through holes is designed to avoid affecting the drainage/pumping efficiency of the suction pile. The inner cover-adding through hole is single, and the diameter of the inner cover-adding through hole is larger than that of the pile top cover through hole (the drainage/exhaust hole and the water pumping hole of the pile top cover). The number of the inner cover-adding through holes is multiple, and the total water displacement of the inner cover-adding through holes is not lower than that of the pile top cover through holes.
Further, the thickness of the inner added cover is smaller than or equal to the thickness of the pile top cover, and is determined by referring to a design method of a suction pile with relevant specifications.
Furthermore, the diameter of the inner increasing cover is matched with the inner diameter of the pile body, namely the diameter of the inner increasing cover is not smaller than the inner diameter of the side wall of the pile and is not larger than the outer diameter of the side wall of the pile, and the final diameter of the inner increasing cover is in consideration of project requirements, welding schemes and quality control specifications.
Further, the distance X between the inner additional cover and the pile top cover is equal to the designed height Y between the pile top cover and the seabed, and the soil uplift height Z of the inner surface layer of the suction pile is equal to the designed height Y between the pile top cover and the seabed. The design height of the pile top cover from the seabed can refer to the design requirements of a specific project, and the uplift height of the surface soil inside the suction pile is determined according to the geotechnical analysis report of the suction pile in the specific project.
The inner augmented cap should be installed during the manufacture of the suction pile. The manufacturing process is as follows: (1) the top cover, the inner increasing cover and the pile side wall of the suction pile are respectively manufactured. (2) And assembling and welding the pile side wall. The last section of the pile side wall is connected with the top cover of the pile and the internal additional cover except. (3) And positioning and welding the inner additional cover on the top of the assembled pile side wall. (4) The last section of the pile side wall is positioned and welded over the inner cap. (5) The pile cap is positioned and welded over the last section of the pile side wall. Reminding items: during the manufacturing process, every dimensional measurement and weld inspection must be quality checked. Second, prior to assembling the pile cap and pile side walls, the pile cap must first be interface tested with the top structure.
The invention also discloses a construction method of the novel marine suction pile, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, gradually lowering the novel ocean suction pile to the seabed through an offshore crane; then, the novel ocean suction pile is penetrated into the seabed through self weight, a closed space is formed between the pile body and soil, and after the penetration depth is stable, pile top cover through holes (pile top cover drainage/exhaust holes and water pumping holes) for drainage and exhaust of a pile top cover are closed; then, pumping water and air outwards by means of the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the novel ocean suction pile caused by the negative pressure pump from the pile top cover through hole for pumping water until the required penetration depth is reached; when the novel ocean suction pile is installed in place, the pile top cover through hole of the pile top cover is plugged, and upper portion installation operation is carried out.
Further, when the novel ocean suction pile is installed in place, the pile top cover of the novel ocean suction pile is higher than the seabed, the inner cover is directly in full contact with the seabed, and the comprehensive and reliable pile foundation bearing capacity is generated.
The working principle of the design of the novel ocean suction pile comprises the following steps: some conventional suction pile designs require that the pile head must be higher than the seabed while the suction pile tip reaches the required penetration depth to facilitate underwater operations or meet superstructure work height requirements. In the case of a pile cap at a distance X from the seabed, there is no direct contact between the pile cap and the seabed and the enclosed space between is occupied by seawater. Under the condition that the drainage/exhaust hole and the water pumping hole of the pile top cover are completely sealed, seawater in the closed space cannot be compressed, so that the closed space and the suction pile are integrated. When the suction pile bears the vertical load of the superstructure, the bearing capacity of the suction pile mainly forms comprehensive pile foundation bearing capacity by the friction resistance of the outer surface of the pile body and soil and the bearing capacity of the cross section area of the end part. However, when the drainage/exhaust hole and the water pumping hole of the pile top cover are sealed and fail, and seawater in the closed space freely enters and exits, the suction pile cannot generate the whole bearing capacity of the pile foundation. The bearing capacity of the pile foundation only remains the frictional resistance between the inner surface and the outer surface of the pile body and the soil and the bearing capacity of the area of the pile tip, so that the bearing capacity of the pile foundation is greatly reduced.
The invention adds an in-layer additional cover in the existing suction pile design, and the in-layer additional cover is directly in full contact with the seabed under the condition that the pile top cover is X distance away from the seabed, so that the comprehensive and reliable pile foundation bearing capacity is generated. Whether the drainage/exhaust hole and the water pumping hole of the pile top cover are sealed and invalid does not affect the comprehensive pile foundation bearing capacity of the suction pile, and further avoids the risk that the suction pile accidentally sinks and is greatly inclined or continuously sinks due to insufficient pile foundation bearing capacity. The internal additional cover is added in the existing suction pile design and is provided with a drainage/exhaust hole, so that the existing suction pile design and installation are not influenced.
Compared with the prior art, the novel ocean suction pile has the following advantages:
1) whether the drainage hole, the exhaust hole and the water pumping hole of the pile top cover of the novel ocean suction pile are sealed and failed or not does not influence the comprehensive pile foundation bearing capacity of the novel ocean suction pile. And then avoid because of the not enough of pile foundation bearing capacity, and lead to the unexpected risk of sinking of suction pile, slope by a wide margin or continuously sinking.
2) The marine novel suction pile does not need grouting operation performed after the suction pile is installed in order to avoid the risk of accidental sinking of the suction pile, so that the construction period and the marine operation cost are greatly saved.
3) The novel ocean suction pile is additionally provided with the in-layer additional cover in the existing suction pile design, and the existing suction pile design concept is not influenced. Only the steps of covering and responding to welding in one layer are added in the manufacturing process of the suction pile, and the project cost and the manufacturing period are not increased remarkably.
4) The marine novel suction pile is similar to the marine installation operation of the existing suction pile, and no installation operation step or risk is added.
5) And if grouting requirements of specific projects remain after the suction pile is installed, the novel suction pile still allows grouting operation. The superstructure installation need not wait for the grout to solidify, can install.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of the marine new suction pile of the present invention in place;
FIG. 2 is a first perspective view of the marine novel suction pile of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a second perspective view of the novel marine suction pile of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The design, manufacture and offshore installation of the invention are further illustrated below with reference to the following examples:
example 1
The embodiment discloses a novel suction stake in ocean, also called the novel suction bucket in ocean, and this novel suction stake in ocean can extensively apply to ocean oil gas engineering underwater structure/facility basis, in the ocean wind-powered electricity generation structure basis.
As shown in fig. 1, the novel ocean suction pile comprises a pile body 1 and an inner augmented cover 3 horizontally arranged on the inner side of the pile body, wherein the pile body 1 is a cylindrical barrel, a pile top cover 2 is arranged at the top of the cylindrical barrel, the bottom of the cylindrical barrel is open, pile top cover through holes 4 (drainage/exhaust holes/water pumping holes) for drainage, exhaust and water pumping are formed in the pile top cover 2 of the pile body 1, the number of the pile top cover through holes 4 can be multiple, in the embodiment, the number of the pile top cover through holes 4 is two, and one of the pile top cover through holes is connected with a negative pressure pump; the inner increasing cover 3 is provided with an inner increasing cover through hole 5 (a water drainage/air exhaust hole) for water drainage and air exhaust. The pile body is formed by rolling a steel plate, and reinforcing ribs are selectively welded in the pile body to improve the structural strength of the pile body. The pile top cover and the internal cover are both made of steel plates, wherein the thickness of the internal cover steel plate is less than or equal to that of the pile top cover.
The design elements of the inner additional cover 3 comprise the setting distance of the inner additional cover position, the diameter, the thickness and the number and the size of the through holes 5 of the inner additional cover.
The injection of stake lateral wall leads to soil to be extruded, shift when the novel suction stake of this embodiment ocean is installed, flows gradually to the inside and outside of stake lateral wall, finally causes seabed top layer soil uplift. The distance X set at the inner cap-adding position depends on the difference between the design height Y of the cap from the seabed and the uplift height Z of the soil on the surface layer inside the suction pile, as shown in fig. 1, X is Y-Z.
The diameter of the inner increasing cover 3 is matched with the inner diameter of the pile body 1, namely the diameter of the inner increasing cover is not less than the inner diameter of the pile side wall and not more than the outer diameter of the pile side wall, and the final diameter is in consideration of a target project welding scheme and quality control specifications.
The thickness of the inner cover 3 is generally no greater than the thickness of the pile head 2. The final thickness should be fixed through the structural design analysis of the suction pile of the target project specification.
The inner cap-adding through hole 5 (drain/vent hole) of the inner cap 3 of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 is a single hole, and the diameter of the inner cap-adding through hole is the larger diameter of the pile top cap drain/vent hole and the water pumping hole.
The embodiment discloses a manufacturing scheme of the novel ocean suction pile. The manufacturing process comprises the following steps: (1) the top cover, the inner increasing cover and the pile side wall of the suction pile are respectively manufactured. (2) And assembling and welding the pile side wall. The last section of the pile side wall is connected with the top cover of the pile and the internal additional cover except. (3) And positioning and welding the inner additional cover on the top of the assembled pile side wall. (4) The last section of the pile side wall is positioned and welded over the inner cap. (5) The pile cap is positioned and welded over the last section of the pile side wall. Reminding items: each dimensional measurement and weld inspection must be of a quality critical control during the manufacturing process. Second, prior to assembling the pile cap and pile side walls, the pile cap must first be tested in front of the top structure.
The embodiment discloses an offshore installation operation scheme of the novel offshore suction pile, which is basically the same as the offshore installation operation of the existing suction pile. The suction pile is first gradually lowered to the seabed 6 by means of an offshore crane. Then the suction pile penetrates into the seabed through self weight, a closed space is formed between the pile body and the soil, and after the penetration depth is stable, the drainage/exhaust hole of the pile top cover is closed. Then, by means of the negative pressure pump and the water pumping port on the pile top cover, water and air are pumped outwards through the internal and external pressure difference of the suction pile, so that the suction pile sinks at a certain speed until the required penetration depth is reached. When the novel ocean suction pile is installed in place, the inner additional cover is directly in full contact with the seabed, and full pile foundation bearing capacity is generated. The upper part installation operation can be carried out by plugging the water pumping port of the pile top cover.
Example 2
The present embodiment discloses a novel marine suction pile of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the structure of which is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that the design of a plurality of drainage/vent holes is adopted, and the total drainage amount should not be lower than the drainage/water pumping amount of the pile top cover, so as to avoid affecting the drainage/water pumping efficiency of the suction pile.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention, and the number, form, arrangement position, manufacturing/connection manner of the components may be changed, and all equivalent changes and modifications based on the technical solution of the present invention should not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110095266.9A CN112796340A (en) | 2021-01-25 | 2021-01-25 | A new type of marine suction pile and its construction method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110095266.9A CN112796340A (en) | 2021-01-25 | 2021-01-25 | A new type of marine suction pile and its construction method |
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| CN112796340A true CN112796340A (en) | 2021-05-14 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113818487A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-12-21 | 海洋石油工程股份有限公司 | Integral installation method for shallow water steel cylinder underwater platform |
| CN115425587A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Submarine cable suspension fixing device and installation method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014084737A1 (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-06-05 | Suction Pile Technology Bv | Double top suction pile and suction pile foundation |
| KR20160025064A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2016-03-08 | 현대건설주식회사 | Suction foundation for pre-loading and construction method thereof |
| CN105401577A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2016-03-16 | 天津市海王星海上工程技术股份有限公司 | Suction type pile shoe suitable for self-lifting platform and mounting method |
| EP3222783A1 (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-09-27 | SPT Equipment BV | Floating marine structure with suction piles |
| CN112252358A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-22 | 上海临希智能科技有限公司 | H-shaped suction pile |
| CN214530752U (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-10-29 | 深洋海工技术(深圳)有限公司 | Novel ocean suction stake |
-
2021
- 2021-01-25 CN CN202110095266.9A patent/CN112796340A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014084737A1 (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-06-05 | Suction Pile Technology Bv | Double top suction pile and suction pile foundation |
| KR20160025064A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2016-03-08 | 현대건설주식회사 | Suction foundation for pre-loading and construction method thereof |
| CN105401577A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2016-03-16 | 天津市海王星海上工程技术股份有限公司 | Suction type pile shoe suitable for self-lifting platform and mounting method |
| EP3222783A1 (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-09-27 | SPT Equipment BV | Floating marine structure with suction piles |
| CN112252358A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-22 | 上海临希智能科技有限公司 | H-shaped suction pile |
| CN214530752U (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-10-29 | 深洋海工技术(深圳)有限公司 | Novel ocean suction stake |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113818487A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-12-21 | 海洋石油工程股份有限公司 | Integral installation method for shallow water steel cylinder underwater platform |
| CN115425587A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Submarine cable suspension fixing device and installation method thereof |
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