CN112794529A - Combined sewage treatment process - Google Patents
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- CN112794529A CN112794529A CN202011631990.0A CN202011631990A CN112794529A CN 112794529 A CN112794529 A CN 112794529A CN 202011631990 A CN202011631990 A CN 202011631990A CN 112794529 A CN112794529 A CN 112794529A
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/24—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/02—Odour removal or prevention of malodour
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/26—Reducing the size of particles, liquid droplets or bubbles, e.g. by crushing, grinding, spraying, creation of microbubbles or nanobubbles
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a combined sewage treatment process, which comprises the following steps: s1, carrying out air floatation separation on the sewage to remove large sludge and impurities; s2, the sewage treated by the S1 enters a deep filtration step, wherein the deep filtration step is to purify the sewage by three-level filtration fillers, wherein the three-level filtration fillers adopt three different biological filtration fillers; s3, carrying out ozone sterilization on the sewage treated by the S2, and carrying out sterilization and decoloration treatment on the water body; s4, the sewage treated by the S3 enters a precipitation treatment step to further precipitate pollutants degraded and reacted in the sewage, and the clean water treated by the upper layer can be directly discharged. Through the treatment of the treatment process, the organic matters such as ammonia nitrogen and the like in the water are greatly reduced, the phosphorus and nitrogen levels can be reduced to meet the requirement of environmental protection, the black and odorous phenomenon of the water body is eliminated, and the water quality of the water body is optimized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sewage treatment process, in particular to a combined sewage treatment process combining gas collection floating, ozone and filtering, and belongs to the technical field of multiple sewage treatment.
Background
In recent years, environmental problems are more and more prominent, and pollution of rivers and lakes not only affects the ecological balance of water areas, but also threatens the safety of drinking water of human beings. The basic reasons of the river and lake pollution, namely the water body pollutant carrying capacity exceeds the water purifying capacity of the river and lake pollution, and the characteristics of high pollutant concentration and the like enable the water quality of the water body to continuously deteriorate, so that 'stubborn' black and odorous water bodies are gradually formed. The urban black and odorous water body not only brings extremely poor sensory experience to the masses, but also is an outstanding water environment problem which directly influences the production and life of the masses. As one of the important contents of environmental protection, the treatment of black and odorous water is strongly supported by governments and the masses. Related departments of the state issue a plurality of targeted measures in sequence, and plan the treatment process and the time schedule of the black and odorous water body. According to the plan of relative national departments for water pollution control actions, the black and odorous water bodies in the built-up areas of the cities on the ground level and above are controlled within 10 percent in 2020, and the black and odorous water bodies in the built-up areas of the cities are totally eliminated in 2030.
According to reports, the black and odorous water bodies are widely distributed in China and are severe in situation, and according to survey data, 2869 black and odorous water bodies are shared by 295 places and above cities in the country, 1063 black and odorous water bodies are shared by 36 key cities, and 1367 black and odorous water bodies are shared by 110 places and above cities in the Yangtze river economic zone, so that wide distribution is seen. From the perspective of the degree of black odor, 66.5% of the examined water bodies were severely black odor, and 33.5% of the examined water bodies were lightly black odor.
The consequences generated by the black and odorous water body are relatively serious, and for the water body, the water quality and the self-purification capacity are irreversibly damaged, the biological community in the water body is also changed, and the use function and the value of the water body are greatly reduced; in addition, the toxic gas and the substances emitted by the black and odorous water body can pollute the surrounding air, directly damage the health of residents passing by or living around, have poor appearance and influence the city appearance and the quality of the whole ecological environment, and can not be treated or even destroy the ecological balance for a long time.
Aiming at the current water environment problem, the company develops a treatment process for treating the black and odorous and inferior river water bodies, and the treatment process has the main functions of reducing the content of ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD in the water, improving the transparency of the water body and eliminating the peculiar smell of the water body. The method is optimized on the basis of the traditional process, combines the air floatation method, the ozone and the filtration, and the ozone has the functions of sterilization, disinfection, decoloration and deodorization and effectively treats black and odorous water bodies and poor five types of water bodies.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a combined sewage treatment process, which can be used for conventional water treatment and is more suitable for treating black and odorous sewage.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the existing sewage treatment process is complex, the purification capacity is preferential, and the treatment is difficult to be thorough especially for the phenomenon of black and odorous river channels or the phenomenon of reducing organic pollution.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the method combining air floatation, ozone and filtration is utilized to reduce pollutants in water, enhance the content of dissolved oxygen, improve the transparency of the water body and eliminate the black and odorous phenomena of the water body.
Specifically, the black and odorous sewage treatment process comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out air floatation separation on the sewage to remove large sludge and impurities;
s2, the sewage treated by the S1 enters a deep filtration step, wherein the deep filtration step is to purify the sewage by three-level filtration fillers, wherein the three-level filtration fillers adopt three different biological filtration fillers;
s3, carrying out ozone sterilization on the sewage treated by the S2, and carrying out sterilization and decoloration treatment on the water body;
s4, the sewage treated by the S3 enters a precipitation treatment step to further precipitate pollutants degraded and reacted in the sewage, and the clean water treated by the upper layer can be directly discharged.
Further, in the step S1, sewage is treated by using an air flotation tank (1), and a micro-nano aeration device (11) is arranged in the air flotation tank to perform nano aeration oxygenation on the water body.
Further, the step S1 includes adding chemicals to the sewage after the air flotation treatment, wherein the chemicals are selected from flocculants and microbial agents.
Further, the flocculant is selected from CaCO3At least one of PAM (polyacrylamide) and ferric chloride; the microbial agent is selected from at least three of nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, yeast and lactic acid bacteria.
Further, the third-stage filtering filler in the step of depth filtering S2 is used for filtering the sewage by sequentially adopting a natural zeolite filler, a natural volcanic filler and a ceramsite filler.
Furthermore, the natural zeolite filler with the average particle size of 4-6cm is adopted as the primary filter filler, the natural filter material is shown to be rough in surface, large in specific surface area, strong in adsorption capacity and small in specific gravity, the zeolite has strong adsorption force, strong adsorption is generated by adding dispersion force and electrostatic force, the filter material is small in particle size and in a compacted state, under the adsorption effect of biological flocs between the biological membrane and the filter material, the filter layer can adsorb and retain most suspended matters (including falling biological membrane) in sewage, and the zeolite has large specific surface area (400-800 m)2G) so that a considerable amount of the adsorbed substances can be caused to undergo chemical reactions on the surface thereof and can adsorb and degrade a large amount of pollutants.
Furthermore, the secondary filter filler adopts natural volcanic filler, the average particle size of the filter material is 3-5cm, the specific surface area is large, the aperture ratio is high, the filter material is inert, the film forming speed is high, the time is short, more microbial biomass can be easily kept, and the removal of pollutants is facilitated; because the volcanic biological filler is non-sharp particles, the volcanic biological filler has small resistance to water flow when in use, thereby saving energy consumption. The film formation starting time of the volcanic rock filler is only about 27 hours, so that pollutants are effectively removed, and the removal rate of the pollutants such as organic matters, COD, BOD, ammonia, nitrogen and the like is over 80 percent.
Furthermore, the third-stage filter filler adopts ceramsite filler, and the average grain size of the filter material is 3-5 cm. The filter material has the advantages of uniform granularity, high strength, microporous surface, criss-cross internal nets, difficult plate formation, strong adsorption effect, long service life, proper stacking density of the ceramsite filter material, uniform pore distribution of the filter material layer, easy back washing, low back washing energy consumption, low water consumption, small water head loss, easy falling of an aging membrane, difficult blockage and no material leakage during back washing. The defect that backwashing is difficult to control and material leakage is overcome, the dirt intercepting capability of the ceramsite filter material is 1.5-2 times of that of a quartz sand filter material, and the ceramsite filter material has a good filtering and adsorbing effect.
Further, the step S3 is carried out in an ozone pool (6), a micro-nano ozone dispersion disc is arranged at the bottom of the ozone pool (6), and the generated ozone is dispersed into micro-nano bubbles to be fully mixed in water.
Further, the step S4 is carried out in a sedimentation tank (7), the sedimentation tank (7) is a grid sedimentation tank, and a sludge discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank (7).
Further, the process also comprises a step S5, wherein the clean water at the upper part of the sedimentation tank is used for periodically carrying out back washing on the three-stage filtering filler, and the back washing water and the sludge in the sedimentation tank are discharged and converged for sludge-water separation.
Furthermore, the air floatation tank is also provided with a sludge outlet, and suspended matters on the liquid surface of the air floatation tank are scraped into the slag body recoverer by the slag scraping machine, so that more suspended matters are prevented from blocking the filler, and the filtering effect of the filter tank is weakened.
The product of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the novel sewage treatment method provided by the invention combines micro-nano aeration and air flotation separation, the micro-nano aeration replaces the traditional aeration, the using effect of the method is better than that of the traditional air flotation method, the micro-nano aeration enables bubbles to be more uniform and fine, the oxygenation effect is better than that of the traditional bottom aeration, and the air flotation separation effect is better. The method effectively eliminates the peculiar smell of the water body, improves the transparency of the water body and eliminates the black and stink phenomenon of the water body;
2. the novel sewage treatment method provided by the invention combines an ozone technology and a nano dispersion treatment technology, replaces common aeration with ozone micro-nano aeration, has multiple functions of sterilization, disinfection, decoloration, deodorization, removal of COD (chemical oxygen demand) and nitrogen in water and the like, is applied to sewage treatment, achieves the aim of degrading COD, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in water, increases the content of dissolved oxygen in water, improves the transparency of the water and further improves the water quality.
3. The novel sewage treatment method provided by the invention uses different filler filters as an advanced treatment process, can comprehensively and efficiently adsorb and degrade pollutants in water in a multi-filter material combination mode, and simultaneously, the specific surface area of the adopted filler is larger than that of other traditional fillers, so that a biological film is easily formed on the surface, and the novel sewage treatment method is suitable for the growth of microorganisms. The sewage flows through the filler, most suspended matters are intercepted, and pollutants are adsorbed and degraded by the filler and the biomembrane attached to the surface of the filler, so that pollutants such as COD (chemical oxygen demand), ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and the like in the water are degraded, and the water body is purified.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall process and apparatus used in the process.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the invention, the contents of the invention are further clarified below with reference to examples to embody the functions of the invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The method is suitable for treating black and odorous water. In particular to a black and odorous sewage treatment process, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, carrying out air floatation separation on the sewage to remove large sludge and impurities;
s2, the sewage treated by the S1 enters a deep filtration step, wherein the deep filtration step is to purify the sewage by three-level filtration fillers, wherein the three-level filtration fillers adopt three different biological filtration fillers;
s3, carrying out ozone sterilization on the sewage treated by the S2, and carrying out sterilization and decoloration treatment on the water body;
s4, the sewage treated by the S3 enters a precipitation treatment step to further precipitate pollutants degraded and reacted in the sewage, and the clean water treated by the upper layer can be directly discharged.
In this embodiment, in step S1, an air flotation tank 1 is used to treat sewage, and a micro-nano aeration device 11 is disposed in the air flotation tank to perform nano aeration and oxygenation on a water body. Step S1 still includes the medicine step, and the sewage after the air supporting treatment gets into adding medicine pond 2, and adding medicine chest 9 and going on are set up at the top of adding medicine pond 2, add and set up the agitator (not seen in the figure) in the medicine pond 2, and the medicament is the microorganism medicine, specifically is nitrobacteria, denitrifying bacteria, saccharomycete and lactic acid bacteria according to 1.5: 1: 1.5: 1 is dispersed in water mixed with nutrient solution. A slag scraper is arranged on the air floatation tank 1 to periodically scrape floating sludge, and the sludge is discharged into a sludge recovery tank 8 to be treated.
In the step S2 of the present embodiment, three- stage packing pools 3, 4 and 5 are used, wherein the first-stage packing pool 3 uses natural zeolite packing and has an average particle size of 4-6cm, the second-stage packing pool 4 uses natural volcanic rock packing and has an average particle size of 3-5cm, and the third-stage packing pool 5 uses ceramsite packing and has an average particle size of 3-5 cm.
And (4) filtering by using a three-level filler tank, and then entering step S3, wherein the step S3 is performed in an ozone tank 6, a micro-nano ozone dispersion disc 12 is arranged at the bottom of the ozone tank 6, and the generated ozone is dispersed into micro-nano bubbles to be added into water for fully mixing.
Finally, the sewage treated in the step S3 enters a step S4, the step S4 is carried out in a sedimentation tank 7, the sedimentation tank 7 is a grid sedimentation tank, a sludge discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 7, and the sludge enters a sludge-water separator 10 for separation.
In another embodiment, the process further includes step S5, periodically performing back flushing on the filter filler in the third-stage filler tank by using the clear water at the upper part of the sedimentation tank 6, and collecting the back flushing water and then feeding the collected back flushing water into the mud-water separator 10 for mud-water separation.
In this embodiment, the device sets up in river course dykes and dams or river course one side, extracts sewage from the river course during sewage treatment, and sewage gets into air supporting pond 1 from bottom to top, and micro-nano aeration dish 11 is installed to air supporting pond 1 bottom, and the bubble of micro-nano aeration dish 11 release is more even, fine and close, and furthest combines with ambient air, lets the oxidative decomposition speed of water organic pollution accelerate, lets the good oxygen biochemical efficiency of microorganism exert to the optimum. Scrape the sediment equipment and scrape sediment body recoverer with the sediment and store to later stage sediment outward transportation, sewage overflow to the filler filtering pond, pass through tertiary filler pond 3, 4, 5 in proper order, the pollutant in the degradation aquatic can be adsorbed to the form of multiple filter material combination comprehensively high-efficiently, under the adsorption of biological floc between biomembrane and filter material, the filtering layer can adsorb, hold back very big suspended solid in the sewage. Sewage enters the ozone tank 6, is sterilized, disinfected, decolorized and deodorized through strong oxidizing property of ozone and hydroxyl free radicals, deeply purifies the water body, finally is precipitated by the sedimentation tank 7 and then is discharged into a river channel, and the purification treatment of the water body is completed. After a period of use, the filter tank needs to be backwashed, and the filter material is backwashed by using clean water on the sedimentation tank.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limited thereto; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A combined sewage treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, carrying out air floatation separation on the sewage to remove large sludge and impurities;
s2, the sewage treated by the S1 enters a deep filtration step, wherein the deep filtration step is to purify the sewage by three-level filtration fillers, wherein the three-level filtration fillers adopt three different biological filtration fillers;
s3, carrying out ozone sterilization on the sewage treated by the S2, and carrying out sterilization and decoloration treatment on the water body;
s4, the sewage treated by the S3 enters a precipitation treatment step to further precipitate pollutants degraded and reacted in the sewage, and the clean water treated by the upper layer can be directly discharged.
2. The integrated wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, wherein: and S1, sewage is treated by adopting an air floatation tank (1), and a micro-nano aeration device (11) is arranged in the air floatation tank to carry out nano aeration and oxygenation on the water body.
3. The integrated wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, wherein: the step S1 further comprises a step of adding chemicals into the sewage after the air flotation treatment, wherein the chemicals are selected from flocculating agents and microbial agents.
4. The integrated wastewater treatment process according to claim 3, wherein: the flocculating agent is selected from CaCO3At least one of PAM, and ferric chloride; the microbial agent is selected from at least three of nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, yeast and lactic acid bacteria.
5. The integrated wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, wherein: and in the deep filtration step, natural zeolite filler, natural volcanic filler and ceramsite filler are sequentially adopted to filter the sewage.
6. The integrated wastewater treatment process according to claim 5, wherein: the average grain diameter of the natural zeolite filler is 4-6cm, the average grain diameter of the natural volcanic filler is 3-5cm, and the average grain diameter of the ceramsite filler is 3-5 cm.
7. The integrated wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, wherein: the step S3 is carried out in an ozone pool (6), a micro-nano ozone dispersion disc is arranged at the bottom of the ozone pool (6), and the generated ozone is dispersed into micro-nano bubbles to be fully mixed in water.
8. The integrated wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, wherein: the step S4 is carried out in a sedimentation tank (7), the sedimentation tank (7) is a grid sedimentation tank, and a sludge discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank (7).
9. The integrated wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, wherein: the process also comprises a step S5, wherein the clean water at the upper part of the sedimentation tank (7) is used for backwashing the three-stage filtering filler periodically, and the backwashing water is collected for mud-water separation.
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