CN112774996B - Building rubbish material separator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a building garbage material separating device which comprises a base fixed on the ground, wherein the base is fixedly connected with a vibrating table through a compression spring, a vibrating motor is fixed on the vibrating table, a material distributing conveyor belt is arranged on the vibrating table along the length direction of the vibrating table, a material conveying conveyor belt is arranged above the head end of the material distributing conveyor belt, the material conveying direction of the material conveying conveyor belt is consistent with the width direction of the material distributing conveyor belt, the material distributing conveyor belt is obliquely arranged along the width direction, one end, close to the material conveying conveyor belt, is higher than the other end, the tail end of the material distributing conveyor belt is provided with a material outlet, and the material outlet is divided into a plurality of slideways through a partition plate. The device provided by the invention is reasonable in design, simple in structure and easy to operate, and can be used for separating materials such as concrete blocks, masonry, metal, wood chips and the like from construction waste.

Description

A construction waste material separation device

technical field

The invention relates to a construction waste material separation device, which belongs to the technical field of construction waste separation equipment.

Background technique

With the continuous acceleration of engineering construction, the amount of construction waste is also growing rapidly. The amount of construction waste in my country has accounted for 30% to 40% of the total urban waste. Relevant statistics show that in the construction process of every 10,000 m ² buildings, only 500 to 600 tons of construction waste will be generated. According to the forecast of relevant departments, China's annual construction projects of more than 2 billion m ² will continue for 10 to 15 years, and at the same time, about 600 million tons of construction waste will be generated every year. Construction waste mainly refers to the solid waste generated in the process of new construction, reconstruction and expansion of projects and the demolition of dangerous and old buildings. As early as June 25, 2008, the Ministry of Communications passed the "Measures for the Implementation of the Energy Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China" through the 7th ministerial meeting on road and waterway transportation, and launched a series of special action plans for material conservation and recycling. Guizhou Province In 2016, the government issued the "Notice of the General Office of the Provincial People's Government on Strengthening Construction Waste Management and Promoting Resource Utilization" to encourage the resource utilization of construction waste materials.

Utilizing construction waste in construction engineering, traffic civil engineering and other fields can avoid the piling or landfill of waste construction materials and occupy valuable land resources; on the other hand, it can also save other new materials, especially the use of sand and gravel materials. . However, the sources of construction waste are complex, including wastes such as concrete, crushed stone, steel bars, wood chips and other wastes generated from building (structure) demolition, road renovation, concrete production, engineering construction or other conditions. Among them, waste concrete is demolished in cities. Construction waste has a large proportion, about 40%.

Due to the wide range of sources and complex components of construction waste materials, and the huge differences in physical and mechanical properties of materials from different sources and components, when using construction waste materials, various types of construction waste materials must be separated to obtain single-component materials. Material.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction waste material separation device. The separation device has reasonable design, simple structure and easy operation, and can provide separation of concrete blocks, masonry, metal, wood chips and other materials in construction waste.

Technical scheme of the present invention: a construction waste material separation device, comprising a base fixed on the ground, the base is fixedly connected with a vibration table through a compression spring, a vibration motor is fixed on the vibration table, and a vibration table is arranged along its length direction on the vibration table. There is a feeding conveyor belt, and a feeding conveyor belt is arranged above the head end of the feeding conveyor belt. The feeding direction of the feeding conveyor belt is consistent with the width direction of the feeding conveyor belt, and the feeding conveyor belt is inclined along the width direction. At the other end, the tail end of the material distribution conveyor belt is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port is divided into a plurality of slideways by a partition plate.

In the aforementioned construction waste material separation device, the vibration frequency of the vibration motor is 0-30 Hz, and the amplitude is 3-6 mm.

In the aforementioned construction waste material separation device, the inclination angle of the material distribution conveyor belt is 20°˜40°.

In the aforementioned construction waste material separation device, the material distribution conveyor belt is made of metal material, the surface layer is provided with a rubber layer, the inner layer of the material distribution conveyor belt is evenly distributed with tooth grooves, and the tooth grooves are connected with the transmission gear on the transmission shaft of the material distribution conveyor belt. mesh.

In the aforementioned construction waste material separation device, a plurality of support rods are provided on one side of the surface of the vibrating table, and the top of the supporting rods are movably connected to the connecting plate of the lower end side wall of the material distribution conveyor through a bearing, and the other side of the vibrating table surface is provided. There are multiple electric jacks, the top of the telescopic rod of the electric jack is connected with the sliding wheel, the sliding wheel is clamped into the sliding groove, and the sliding groove is set on the bottom surface of the outer bracket of the high-end side wall of the distribution conveyor belt.

In the aforementioned construction waste material separation device, a protective spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod, and the bottom end of the protective spring is fixedly connected with the electric jack.

In the aforementioned construction waste material separation device, the discharge port is inclined, and its head end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the base. A threaded fixing shaft is provided above the head end of the discharge port, and both ends of the threaded fixing shaft are fixed to the side wall of the base. Connection, the threaded fixed shaft is movably sleeved with a plurality of vertically arranged partition plates, the bottom of the partition plate is in contact with the surface of the discharge port, and the two sides of each partition plate are sleeved on the threaded fixed shaft through 2 nuts to be fixed.

In the aforementioned construction waste material separation device, the symmetrical two sides of the base are clamped by anchor plates, and the anchor plates are fixed to the ground by rivets.

In the aforementioned construction waste material separation device, the conveying conveyor belt is provided with a conveying conveyor motor driven by gears to rotate, and a bracket supporting the entire conveying conveyor belt, and the brackets are connected by cross bars.

In the aforementioned construction waste material separation device, the lower end surface of the material distribution conveyor belt is provided with a baffle plate along its length direction.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: Compared with the prior art, the present invention is by slanting the distributing conveyor belt along its width direction. When conveying the belt, the heavier and larger material slides down to the lower end of the distribution conveyor belt under the action of its gravity and the vibration of the vibration motor, while the slightly heavier material with the second largest particle size is attached to the middle position of the distribution conveyor belt, while the Lighter materials with very small particle size are attached to the height of the material distribution conveyor. By setting a material distribution conveyor obliquely, the construction waste can be divided into different grades under the action of vibration, which is convenient for the recycling of construction waste. Reuse. The inclination angle, vibration frequency and vibration amplitude of the distribution conveyor belt can be adjusted according to different batches of separated materials, thereby improving the separation effect.

In general, the device of the present invention has reasonable design, simple structure and easy operation, and can provide separation of concrete blocks, masonry, metal, wood chips and other materials in construction waste.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the top view of accompanying drawing 1;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the side view of accompanying drawing 1;

Accompanying drawing 4 is the structural representation of rotating shaft and material distribution conveyor;

Accompanying drawing 5 is the side view of accompanying drawing 4;

Figure 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the discharge port.

Marked in the figure as: 1- base, 2- anchor plate, 3- rivet, 4- compression spring, 5- vibration table, 6- vibration motor, 7- support rod, 8- electric jack, 9- bearing, 10- connecting plate, 11- distribution conveyor motor, 12- transmission shaft, 13- outer bracket, 14- sliding groove, 15- sliding wheel, 16- telescopic rod, 17- protection spring, 18- distribution conveyor belt, 19- rubber layer , 20-discharge port, 21-threaded fixed shaft, 22-partition plate, 23-nut, 24-feed conveyor, 25-feed conveyor motor, 26-support, 27-crossbar, 28-fixed screw, 29- Construction waste material, 30- Baffle plate.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but not as a basis for limiting the present invention.

The embodiment of the present invention: a construction waste material separation device, as shown in the accompanying drawings 1-6, includes a base 1 fixed on the ground, a plurality of compression springs 4 are fixed on the base 1, and the The other end is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the vibrating table 5, a vibrating motor 6 is fixed in the middle of the bottom of the vibrating table 5, and a material distribution conveyor belt 18 is fixed on the vibrating table 5 along its length direction, above the head end of the material distribution conveyor belt 18 There is a feeding conveyor belt 24, the feeding direction of the feeding conveyor belt 24 is consistent with the width direction of the feeding conveyor belt 18, and the feeding conveyor belt 18 is inclined along the width direction, and one end of the feeding conveyor belt 24 is higher than the other end. , The rear end of the material distribution conveyor belt 18 is provided with a discharge port 20, and the discharge port 20 is divided into a plurality of slideways by a partition plate 22.

The construction waste separation is carried out by using the construction waste material separation device, and the specific operation is as follows.

Fix the entire unit on a flat surface. Turn on the feeding conveyor motor 25 on the feeding conveyor 24, the vibration motor 6 and the feeding conveyor motor 11 on the feeding conveyor 18, and adjust the speed of the feeding conveyor motor 25 to a slow speed. The preliminarily crushed construction waste material 29 is placed on the conveying conveyor belt 24 by equipment such as a loader, and is conveyed to the side where the distributing conveyor belt 18 is lifted through the conveying conveyor belt 24. The construction waste material 29 is in a vibrating state. The distributing conveyor belt 18 moves toward the discharge port 20. During the movement, the construction waste material 29 is separated on the distributing conveyor belt 18 due to the different weights, densities and frictional forces with the distributing conveyor belt 18. After the construction waste material 29 to be separated is transferred to the discharge port 20, different materials slide out through different slideways, and are transported to a designated location for storage through other material distribution conveyor belt devices. After the separation of the construction waste materials 29 to be separated is completed, the power supply of the vibration motor 6 , the material distribution conveyor motor 11 and the material conveying conveyor motor 25 is turned off.

The vibration frequency of the vibration motor 6 is 0-30 Hz, and the amplitude is 3-6 mm. Different types of construction waste separated from different batches have different particle sizes, so different vibration frequencies and amplitudes need to be set. The vibration frequency is 0~30Hz, and the amplitude is adjustable within 3~6mm. After the test, all the current construction waste aggregates can be well separated.

The inclination angle of the material distribution conveyor belt 18 is 20° to 40°. The angle is determined by testing different construction waste materials 29. The optimal separation angle of aggregates of different types and particle sizes is different. Before the aggregates are separated, the approximate proportions of various types and sizes of aggregates in the aggregates can be visually observed, and then an appropriate inclination angle can be adjusted.

The material distribution conveyor belt 18 is made of metal, which can improve its service life. The surface layer is provided with a rubber layer 19, which can increase the friction force with the aggregate and achieve a better separation effect. The inner layer of the distribution conveyor belt 18 is evenly distributed with tooth grooves, and the tooth grooves mesh with the transmission gears on the transmission shaft 12 of the distribution conveyor belt 18 . Since most of the separated aggregates are concrete blocks, masonry, metal and other materials, and the quality is relatively large, in order to ensure the normal rotation of the material distribution conveyor belt 18, it is set as a structure.

A plurality of support rods 7 are arranged on one side of the surface of the vibration table 5, and the top of the support rods 7 is movably connected to the connecting plate 10 of the lower end side wall of the distribution conveyor belt 18 through a bearing 9. The other side of the surface of the vibration table 5 is provided with a plurality of The top end of the telescopic rod 16 of the electric jack 8 is connected with the sliding wheel 15, and the sliding wheel 15 is inserted into the sliding groove 14. This structure is mainly used to adjust the inclination angle of the distribution conveyor belt 18 . The specific adjustment method is that the lower end of the distribution conveyor belt 18 slides while the sliding wheel 15 slides in the sliding groove 14 through the lifting and lowering of the telescopic rod 16 of the electric jack 8 . It rotates around the bearing 9 to realize the adjustment of the inclination angle.

A protective spring 17 is sleeved on the telescopic rod 16 , and the bottom end of the protective spring 17 is fixedly connected with the electric jack 8 . The protective spring 17 is mainly used to prevent the electric jack 8 from being damaged due to the deflection of the distribution conveyor belt 18 after the telescopic rod 16 fails unexpectedly.

The discharge port 20 is made of metal material and is inclined to facilitate the sliding and conveying of materials. The length direction of the discharge port 20 is the same as the running direction of the material distribution conveyor belt 18. A threaded fixing shaft 21 is arranged above the head end of the material opening 20. Both ends of the threaded fixing shaft 21 are welded and fixedly connected to the side wall of the base 1. The threaded fixing shaft 21 is movably sleeved with a plurality of vertically arranged metal separators 22. There is a circular hole above one end of the dividing plate 22, and the diameter of the circular hole is slightly larger than that of the threaded fixing shaft 21, which facilitates the movement of the dividing plate 22. The number of partition boards is usually set to 2 to 4 according to the separation components of construction waste. The bottom of the partition plate 22 is in contact with the surface of the discharge port 20 , and the two sides of each partition plate 22 are fixed by two nuts 23 sleeved on the threaded fixing shaft 21 . When different aggregates are separated, the positions of different aggregates attached to the distributing conveyor belt 18 are also different. Therefore, the position of the discharge port 20 needs to be adjusted. , the discharge port 20 can be divided into a plurality of slideways. After the dividing plate 22 is slid to the desired position along the threaded fixing shaft 21, the dividing plate 22 can be fixed by tightening the nuts 23 on both sides thereof.

The symmetrical two sides of the base 1 are clamped by four anchor plates 2 , and the anchor plates 2 are fixed to the ground by rivets 3 . Pass the four rivets 3 through the round holes of the four anchor plates 2 respectively, hit them into the ground, and fix the base 1.

The conveying conveyor belt 24 is provided with a conveying conveying belt motor 25 which is driven to rotate by a gear, that is, a gear is provided on the transmission shaft connected with the conveying conveying belt motor 25, and the gear drives the conveying conveying belt 24 to rotate, and is connected with the distribution conveying belt. The transmission mode of 18 is the same, which can better convey materials. A bracket 26 is arranged below the material conveying conveyor belt 24 , the bracket 26 is a metal bracket, and the height can be adjusted so as to adapt to the material distribution conveyor belt 18 of different heights. The brackets 26 are connected by a cross bar 27 , and the cross bar 27 is a metal bar and is connected with the bracket 26 by fixing screws, so as to strengthen the connection strength of the bracket 26 .

The lower surface of the material distribution conveyor belt 18 is provided with a baffle plate 30 along its length direction, which is used to block the large-sized and heavy-weight aggregates rolled down from a high place.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a building rubbish material separator which characterized in that: the automatic feeding device comprises a base (1) fixed on the ground, wherein the base (1) is fixedly connected with a vibrating table (5) through a compression spring (4), a vibrating motor (6) is fixed on the vibrating table (5), a distribution conveyor belt (18) is arranged on the vibrating table (5) along the length direction of the vibrating table, a material conveying conveyor belt (24) is arranged above the head end of the distribution conveyor belt (18), the material conveying direction of the material conveying conveyor belt (24) is consistent with the width direction of the distribution conveyor belt (18), the distribution conveyor belt (18) is obliquely arranged along the width direction, one end close to the material conveying conveyor belt (24) is higher than the other end, a discharge port (20) is arranged at the tail end of the distribution conveyor belt (18), and the discharge port (20) is divided into a plurality of slideways through a partition plate (22);

the vibration frequency of the vibration motor (6) is 0-30 Hz, the amplitude is 3-6 mm, and the inclination angle of the material distribution conveyor belt (18) is 20-40 degrees;

the lower end surface of the material distribution conveyor belt (18) is provided with a material baffle plate (30) along the length direction.

2. The construction waste material separation device of claim 1, wherein: the material distribution conveyor belt (18) is made of metal, a rubber layer (19) is arranged on the surface layer of the material distribution conveyor belt, tooth grooves are uniformly distributed on the inner layer of the material distribution conveyor belt (18), and the tooth grooves are meshed with a transmission gear on a transmission shaft (12) of the material distribution conveyor belt (18).

3. The construction waste material separation device of claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a vibrating table, including shaking table (5), shaking table, bearing (9) and connecting plate (10) swing joint of branch material conveyer belt (18) low side lateral wall are passed through to the top of bracing piece (7), shaking table (5) surface opposite side is provided with a plurality of electric jack (8), telescopic link (16) top and the movable pulley (15) of electric jack (8) are connected, movable pulley (15) card is gone into in sliding tray (14), sliding tray (14) set up in the outside support (13) bottom surface of dividing material conveyer belt (18) high side lateral wall.

4. The construction waste material separation device of claim 3, wherein: the telescopic rod (16) is sleeved with a protection spring (17), and the bottom end of the protection spring (17) is fixedly connected with the electric jack (8).

5. The construction waste material separation device of claim 1, wherein: discharge gate (20) set up for the slope, its head end and base (1) lateral wall fixed connection, discharge gate (20) head end top is provided with screw thread fixed axle (21), the both ends and base (1) lateral wall fixed connection of screw thread fixed axle (21), division board (22) that the polylith vertical setting was cup jointed in the activity on screw thread fixed axle (21), division board (22) bottom and discharge gate (20) surface contact, every division board (22) both sides are fixed through 2 nuts (23) of cup jointing on screw thread fixed axle (21).

6. The construction waste material separation device of claim 1, wherein: the two symmetrical sides of the base (1) are clamped by the anchor plates (2), and the anchor plates (2) are fixed with the ground through rivets (3).

7. The construction waste material separation device of claim 1, wherein: the conveying conveyor belt (24) is provided with a conveying conveyor belt motor (25) which drives the conveying conveyor belt motor to rotate through a gear, and a support (26) which supports the whole conveying conveyor belt (24), and the support (26) is connected through a cross rod (27).

Images