In-situ layered water body collecting device and collecting method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water quality sampling, relates to an in-situ layered water body collecting device and a collecting method thereof, and particularly relates to a portable device capable of collecting water bodies with specified depths in rivers, lakes and wellholes.
Background
Water sampling is essential in geological engineering, hydrology and water resources, water environment protection, geochemistry and other related research works. Compared with the collection of surface and underground surface water samples, the collection of the water body at a specific depth below the surface is difficult. Various problems are frequently encountered when the common collector collects water, firstly, water is fed into the water taking device before the water taking device reaches the water taking depth when the water taking device is put down, so that the collected water sample is not the water body with a specific depth; secondly, most of the water taking devices take water at specific positions by a visual inspection method, and the water taking depth has certain errors; the outdoor sampling place often traffic inconvenience, and most water intaking device is huge portable and operation not convenient for, can bring the difficulty for field sampling personnel.
In view of this, the prior art CN207456858U discloses a device capable of taking water in layers at any depth, which comprises a water taking auxiliary device and a water taking device; the water taking auxiliary device comprises an auxiliary support fixed on the ground and a rotating shaft arranged on the auxiliary support, a pull rope with scales is wound on the rotating shaft, and a rotary table rocker for winding the pull rope with scales is also arranged on the rotating shaft; the water taking device is connected with the water taking auxiliary device through a pull rope with scales, the water taking device comprises a water container with a cylindrical structure formed by the wall of the water container, a piston with rubber seal at the edge is arranged in the water container, and the piston is connected with a lead weight through a connecting rod; the side surface of the upper part of the wall of the water storage device is provided with a circular water inlet, the outer side surface of the wall of the water storage device, which is positioned below the circular water inlet, is provided with a spring control device, the spring control device is provided with an anchor controlled by the spring control device, the anchor can enter a water storage cavity in the water storage device under the control of the spring control device, and the piston is fixed at the position so that the piston cannot slide downwards under the action of gravity, namely the spring control device is used for fixing or unfixing the piston by the rivet. Need wind up earlier when using, the time of clockwork spring is fixed, later transfers water intaking auxiliary device, because the gravity of water, water intaking auxiliary device's buoyancy and the difference of water intaking degree of depth can have following problem at the in-process of transferring: (1) when the time of the spring is too short, the water taking auxiliary device possibly does not reach the designated depth, the spring controls the anchor to move outwards, and the piston moves downwards to start water taking; (2) the time of the clockwork spring is too long, and a long time is needed to wait after the clockwork spring reaches the specified depth; (3) most importantly, the collector can only collect the water body with one depth every time, and multiple times of reciprocating operation inevitably disturbs layered water bodies to cause mixing of water bodies with different depths, so that the in-situ water body cannot be collected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the acquisition device capable of acquiring multi-depth in-situ layered water bodies simultaneously and the acquisition method of the in-situ water bodies by the device.
The invention relates to an in-situ layered water body collecting device which comprises a depth measuring device and a water taking device, wherein the depth measuring device comprises an auxiliary support and a rotating shaft arranged on the auxiliary support, and a pull rope with scales is wound on the rotating shaft; the free end of the pull rope is connected with a heavy object; the water taking device is provided with a plurality of water taking devices, the water taking devices are fixedly connected to corresponding scales of the pull rope respectively, each water taking device comprises a water storage container and a piston located inside the water storage container, a water inlet is formed in the bottom of the water storage container, a piston rod is arranged at the other end of the piston, the piston rod is connected with an operation rope, and the operation rope extends outwards along the extending direction of the pull rope.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the in-situ layered water body collecting device can collect water bodies with multiple depths by one-time operation and can effectively ensure that the collected water bodies are in-situ water bodies. The water taking device is characterized in that a plurality of water taking devices are fixed at different positions of a pull rope with scales respectively, the pull rope enters water by means of gravity of a weight, the water taking devices reach a specified depth, an operation rope is lifted upwards, a piston connected with a piston rod can be driven to slide upwards simultaneously, the pressure in the water storage container is reduced, the water body at the corresponding depth position enters the water storage container through a water inlet, the collection work of the in-situ water body at the position is realized, after the collection is finished, a rotating shaft is rotated reversely, the pull rope with scales is recovered to the position above the water surface, and then the water storage container is taken down.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can finish the collection work of the multi-depth in-situ water body only by lowering the pull rope once, the water taking time can be flexibly controlled, the operation can be started immediately after the water reaches the designated position, the time can be saved, the in-situ water body can be ensured to be collected, and the sampling accuracy and the sample uniformity are ensured.
The water taking device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and the water taking device, the pull rope and the heavy object can be loaded separately and are convenient to carry.
In addition, the auxiliary support of the invention is fixed on the ground or on a ship.
Furthermore, a plurality of water taking devices are arranged on the pull rope with the same scale and connected to the pull rope through connecting pieces. In order to reduce errors, a plurality of water taking devices are arranged at the same depth, a plurality of samples are collected at one time and mixed evenly, and sampling accuracy and sample representativeness are guaranteed.
Furthermore, the auxiliary support is connected with a rotary table rocker, the rotary table rocker comprises a rotary table and a rocker, and the rotary table and the rotating shaft are in transmission through a chain. Through rotating the rocker, the rocker drives the carousel and rotates, and the carousel drives and rotates through chain drive's pivot, realizes transferring and retrieving of stay cord.
Further, a piston bayonet for preventing the piston from separating from the inner wall of the water storage container is arranged on the inner wall of the upper part of the water storage container. When the operating rope is lifted upwards to drive the piston to move, the piston does not move when reaching the piston bayonet, and water taking is finished.
Furthermore, the water taking device close to the heavy object on the pull rope is positioned at the scale of 0, and the terminal end of the pull rope is bound on the rotating shaft. The operator can conveniently control the water taking depth.
Further, the connecting piece includes the connecting block and encircles and establish the clamp that is used for fixed water storage container outside the connecting block, water storage container's outer wall and the inner wall laminating of clamp, the center of connecting block is equipped with and supplies the stay cord to pass and fixed spacing hole. In the above embodiment of the connecting member, the connecting block is first mounted on the pulling rope, and then the water storage container is inserted or snapped into the clip. Spacing hole and stay cord fixed can be through set up the jack that communicates with spacing hole on the connecting block, realize spacing fixedly with the stay cord butt in the spacing hole in inserting the jack through with the contact pin. Also can set up the fixture block on the stay cord of spacing hole below, prevent that the connecting block from gliding.
In the second embodiment of the connecting piece, the hook is arranged on the corresponding scale of the pull rope, and the outer wall of the water storage container is provided with the hanging lug matched with the hook.
Further, the quantity of clamp is 3, and the clamp is equipped with the breach that supplies water container card to go into, water container's outer wall is equipped with the spacing ring that prevents water container from falling out in the clamp, is equipped with the through wires hole that supplies the operation rope to pass on the connecting block.
The clamp also can set up 2, and 2 clamps set up relatively, and stay cord and spacing hole are located the link block between 2 clamps.
Furthermore, the wire harness clamping device further comprises a wire harness clamp, a plurality of operation ropes sequentially penetrate through the wire harness clamp, and an operation head pulled by an operator is arranged at the other end of each operation rope. The operating rope is straightened and arranged through the wire harness clamp, the winding of the operating rope is avoided, and the water taking operation of a plurality of water storage containers can be realized only by pulling the operating rope which is converged together.
Furthermore, a water inlet pipe is communicated with the water inlet, and a conical surface is arranged between the water storage container and the water inlet pipe. The streamline arrangement reduces the resistance of water to the water storage container.
The invention also aims to provide an in-situ layered water body acquisition method, which comprises the steps of using the in-situ layered water body acquisition device, firstly determining different water taking depths according to sampling requirements, setting the number of water storage containers, fixing the water storage containers on corresponding scales of a pull rope, gradually lowering the pull rope and an operation rope by rotating a rotating shaft, and observing the scales of the pull rope on a horizontal plane; after the water sample is placed to a specified depth, the pull rope is fixed, the operation rope connected with the piston rod is lifted upwards, the piston slides upwards along the inner wall of the water storage container, the pressure in the water storage container is reduced, the water sample with the specified depth enters the water storage container from the water inlet, the operation rope is stopped being lifted after collection, and the pull rope drives the water storage container to return to the water surface by reversely rotating the rotating shaft.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an in-situ layered water collection device in an embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the depth measuring device of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the same scale water intake device in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a depth measuring device 1, a water taking device 2, a pull rope 3, a heavy object 4, a rotating shaft 11, a chain 12, a rotating disc 13, a rocker 14, an auxiliary bracket 15, an operating rope 21, a wiring harness clamp 22, a piston rod 23, a limiting ring 24, a connecting piece 25, a water storage container 26 and a water inlet pipe 27.
Embodiment 1 as shown in fig. 1 to 3, an in-situ layered water collection device comprises a depth measurement device 1 and a water intake device 2, wherein the depth measurement device 1 comprises an auxiliary support 15 and a rotating shaft 11 arranged on the auxiliary support 15, the auxiliary support 15 is placed on the ground or a ship, the auxiliary support 15 is connected with a rotary table rocker, the rotary table rocker comprises a rotary table 13 and a rocker 14, the rotary table 13 and the rotating shaft 11 are driven by a chain 12, a pull rope 3 with scales is wound on the rotating shaft 11, the free end of the pull rope 3 is connected with a heavy object 4, the water intake device 2 closest to the heavy object 4 on the pull rope 3 is located at the zero scale, and the terminal end of the pull rope 3 is bound on the rotating shaft 11; the water taking devices 2 are six, the six water taking devices 2 are divided into two groups, each group is fixedly connected to the corresponding scale 3 of the pull rope, each group of water taking devices 2 is three, and the three water taking devices 2 are connected to the pull rope 3 through the connecting piece 25.
The water taking device 2 comprises a water storage container 26 and a piston positioned in the water storage container 26, a water inlet is arranged at the bottom of the water storage container 26, a water inlet pipe 27 is communicated with the water inlet, a conical surface is arranged between the water storage container 26 and the water inlet pipe 27, a piston rod 23 is arranged at the other end of the piston, the piston rod 23 is connected with an operation rope 21, the operation rope 21 extends outwards along the extension direction of a pull rope 3, an operation head of the operation rope 21 is positioned above the water surface, a piston bayonet for preventing the piston from being separated from the inner wall of the water storage container 26 is arranged on the inner wall of the upper part of the water storage container 26, a connecting piece 25 comprises a connecting block and a hoop for fixing the water storage container 26, the outer wall of the water storage container 26 is attached to the inner wall of the hoop, a limiting hole for the pull rope 3 to penetrate through and fix, the contact pin is inserted into the jack and is abutted against the pull rope 3 in the limiting hole to realize limiting and fixing; the hoop is provided with a notch for the water storage container 26 to be clamped in, the outer wall of the water storage container 26 is provided with a limiting ring 24 for preventing the water storage container 26 from falling out of the hoop, the connecting block is provided with a threading hole for the operation rope 21 to pass through, and the plurality of operation ropes 21 sequentially pass through the wiring harness clamp 22.
The embodiment 2 is different from the embodiment 1 only in that four water taking devices 2 are arranged, the four water taking devices 2 are divided into two groups, each group is fixedly connected to the pull rope 3 with corresponding scales, two water taking devices 2 are arranged in each group, and the two water taking devices 2 are connected to the pull ropes 3 through connecting pieces 25; the pull rope 3 below the limiting hole is provided with a clamping block to prevent the connecting block from sliding downwards.
The embodiment 3 is different from the embodiment 1 only in that six water taking devices 2 are arranged, the six water taking devices 2 are divided into three groups, each group is fixedly connected to a pull rope 3 with corresponding scales, two water taking devices 2 are arranged in each group, and the two water taking devices 2 are connected to the pull ropes 3 respectively; the corresponding scale of the pull rope 3 is provided with a hook, and the outer wall of the water storage container 26 is provided with a hanging lug matched with the hook.
Taking embodiment 1 as an example, an in-situ layered water body collecting method uses the in-situ layered water body collecting device, divides six water taking devices 2 into two groups of three, and respectively installs the three groups, inserts or clamps a water storage container 26 into a hoop, respectively fixedly connects pull ropes 3 with corresponding scales, operates a rocker 14 to rotate a rotating shaft 11, gradually lowers the pull ropes 3, and observes the scales of the ropes on a horizontal plane; after the water is placed to the designated depth, the pull rope 3 is fixed, the operation ropes 21 connected with all the piston rods 23 are pulled upwards, the pistons slide upwards along the inner wall of the water storage container 26, the pressure in the water storage container 26 is reduced, two water samples with the designated depth enter the water storage container 26 from the water inlet pipe 27, the pulling of the operation ropes 21 is stopped after water taking is finished, and the rotating shaft 11 is rotated reversely, so that the pull rope 3 drives the water storage container 26 to return to the water surface, and then the samples with three bottles of in-situ water with the designated depth and each depth can be finished.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.