CN112737041A - Battery series charging and discharging circuit and charging and discharging control method - Google Patents
Battery series charging and discharging circuit and charging and discharging control method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
- H02J7/06—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02J7/08—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using discharge tubes only
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Abstract
本发明实施例公开了一种电池串联充放电电路及充放电控制方法，包括：整流逆变电源和N个电池单元；每个电池单元包括单体电池、单刀双掷继电器和续流单元；单刀双掷继电器的常闭端与电池正极相连，常开端与电池负极相连；续流单元并联旁路于单刀双掷继电器的公共端与常开端；通过单刀双掷继电器的公共端使N个电池单元串联连接，并与整流逆变电源连接，形成串联充放电电路。电池充放电时，可通过单刀双掷继电器常闭端和常开端间的切换实现退出或投入某一电池。在退出或投入某一电池的过程中，由于续流单元的续流作用，主电路的电流不会中断，使得单体电池在充放电过程中退出或投入不影响其它电池的正常充放电工作，操作简便且设备成本较低。
The embodiment of the invention discloses a battery series charging and discharging circuit and a charging and discharging control method, including: a rectifier inverter power supply and N battery units; each battery unit includes a single battery, a single-pole double-throw relay and a freewheeling unit; a single-pole The normally closed terminal of the double throw relay is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and the normally open terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the battery; the freewheeling unit is bypassed in parallel with the common terminal and the normally open terminal of the SPDT relay; It is connected in series and connected with the rectifier inverter power supply to form a series charging and discharging circuit. When the battery is charged and discharged, it can be withdrawn or put into a battery by switching between the normally closed terminal and the normally open terminal of the SPDT relay. In the process of withdrawing or inputting a battery, due to the freewheeling action of the freewheeling unit, the current of the main circuit will not be interrupted, so that the withdrawal or input of the single battery during the charging and discharging process does not affect the normal charging and discharging of other batteries. Simple operation and low equipment cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circuit design, in particular to a battery series charging and discharging circuit and a charging and discharging control method.
Background
The circuit design refers to designing a circuit system meeting the use requirement by using a specific method according to a certain rule. In battery energy storage power stations and battery production enterprises, charging and discharging operations are required for a large number of batteries. The common battery charging and discharging connection circuit has two modes, namely a single battery charging and discharging mode in which one battery corresponds to one charging and discharging channel and a battery series charging and discharging mode in which a plurality of batteries are connected in series and then connected with one charging and discharging channel.
The problems of more equipment, large investment and large energy consumption exist in a single battery charging and discharging mode; the serial charging and discharging can greatly save equipment investment and reduce production energy consumption, but increases the difficulty of process management, and particularly solves the problem that the single battery finishes charging and discharging or breaks down in the charging and discharging process on the premise of not interrupting the current of a main loop.
In the process of charging and discharging the batteries in series, when the conditions of a certain single battery, the charging voltage reaching the highest charging voltage, the discharging voltage reaching the lowest discharging voltage and the like occur, the battery needs to exit the circuit. Therefore, the key problem that the circuit needs to solve is how to realize the exit of the single battery in the charging and discharging process, and the normal charging and discharging work of other batteries is not influenced, and the main charging and discharging loop is not broken or the battery is not short-circuited.
Disclosure of Invention
Because the existing method has the problems, the embodiment of the invention provides a battery series charging and discharging circuit and a charging and discharging control method.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery series charging and discharging circuit, including: the system comprises a rectification inverter power supply and N battery units, wherein N is more than or equal to 2;
each battery unit comprises a single battery, a single-pole double-throw relay and a follow current unit; the normally closed end of the single-pole double-throw relay is connected with the anode of the single battery, and the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay is connected with the cathode of the single battery; the follow current unit is connected with a bypass in parallel at the common end and the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay; the suppression voltage of the follow current unit is higher than the highest charge-discharge voltage of the single battery, and the follow current unit is in a reverse blocking state when the single battery is charged and discharged;
the public end of the single-pole double-throw relay in each battery unit is connected with the negative electrode of the single battery in the previous battery unit, the negative electrode of the single battery in each battery unit is connected with the public end of the single-pole double-throw relay in the next battery unit, and the N battery units are sequentially connected in series and connected with the rectification inverter power supply to form a series charging and discharging circuit.
Further, the freewheeling unit is a Transient Voltage Suppressor (TVS) tube.
Further, the free-wheeling unit is a circuit formed by combining diodes and having TVS tube characteristics.
Further, the single-pole double-throw relay is replaced by a single-pole double-throw switch; or, the single-pole double-throw relay is replaced by two single-pole switches; or the single-pole double-throw relay is replaced by two single-pole relays.
Furthermore, the single battery is a single battery or a single battery pack.
Furthermore, the single battery is a single battery with or without a voltage protection function.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: a control circuit; one end of the control circuit is connected with the N battery units, the other end of the control circuit is connected with the rectification inverter power supply, and the control circuit is used for detecting state parameters of the battery units, controlling the exit and the input of the battery units and adjusting the rectification inverter power supply.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a battery series connection charging and discharging control method based on a battery series connection charging and discharging circuit, including:
when the fact that the single batteries in any battery unit are charged is detected, if the single batteries are determined to have the voltage protection function, the voltage of the two ends of each single battery is increased due to the fact that the single batteries are in a high-impedance state, and when the voltage is increased to the restraining voltage of the follow current unit, the follow current unit automatically conducts follow current, and the current of a main loop is guaranteed not to be interrupted; if the single battery does not have the voltage protection function, when the control circuit detects that the voltages at the two ends of the single battery are higher than the set highest charging voltage, the control circuit controls the corresponding single-pole double-throw relay to switch, the normally closed end is disconnected and exits the single battery, and the main loop continues current through the current follow unit;
when the single batteries in any battery unit are detected to be charged, no matter whether the single batteries have the voltage protection function or not, when the control circuit detects that the voltages of the two ends of the single batteries are higher than the set highest charging voltage, the control circuit controls the corresponding single-pole double-throw relay to switch, the normally closed end is disconnected and exits the single batteries, the normally open end closes the bypass short-circuit follow current unit, the main loop current is switched to the closed normally open end, and the circuit loss is reduced to the lowest;
when the fact that the single batteries in any battery unit are discharged is detected, if the single batteries are determined to have the voltage protection function, the single batteries are in a high-impedance state and cannot pass current, and at the moment, the current of a main loop automatically flows to a follow current unit, so that the current of the main loop is ensured not to be interrupted; if the single battery does not have the voltage protection function, when the control circuit detects that the voltage at the two ends of the single battery is lower than the set lowest discharge voltage, the control circuit controls the corresponding single-pole double-throw relay to switch, the normally closed end is disconnected and exits the single battery, and the main loop continues current through the follow current unit;
when the single batteries in any battery unit are detected to be discharged, no matter whether the single batteries have the voltage protection function or not, when the control circuit detects that the voltage of the two ends of the single batteries is lower than the set lowest discharge voltage, the control circuit controls the corresponding single-pole double-throw relay to switch, the normally closed end is disconnected and exits the single batteries, the normally open end closes the bypass short-circuit follow current unit, the main loop current is switched to the closed normally open end, and the circuit loss is reduced to the lowest.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
the control circuit is used for detecting and controlling the N battery units and regulating the rectification inverter power supply;
the control circuit judges the battery state and obtains the performance parameters of the battery through the acquired voltage at two ends of the battery unit, the temperature of the single battery, the charging and discharging current, the time and the current of the follow current unit;
the control circuit is used for controlling the rectification inverter power supply to work in a rectification mode, namely an alternating current input mode and a direct current output mode, and has a constant-voltage and constant-current regulation mode when the battery is charged;
the control circuit is used for controlling the rectification inverter power supply to work in an inverter mode when the battery discharges, and energy feedback is achieved.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
when the discharging does not need current feedback, a preset discharging consumption mode is adopted to consume the discharging energy.
According to the technical scheme, the battery series charging and discharging circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a rectification inverter power supply and at least two battery units, each battery unit comprises a single battery, a single-pole double-throw relay and a follow current unit, the normally closed end of the single-pole double-throw relay is connected with the positive electrode of the single battery, the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay is connected with the negative electrode of the single battery, and the follow current unit is connected in parallel and bypasses the common end and the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay. The common end of the single-pole double-throw relay in each battery unit is connected with the negative electrode of the single battery in the previous battery unit, the negative electrode of the single battery in each battery unit is connected with the common end of the single-pole double-throw relay in the next battery unit, and the N battery units are sequentially connected in series and connected with the rectification inverter power supply to form a series charging and discharging circuit. When the battery is charged and discharged, the single battery is connected with the rectification inverter power supply after being connected in series through the normally closed end of the single-pole double-throw relay, and the bypass of the follow current unit cannot influence the charging and discharging main loop because the suppression voltage of the follow current unit is higher than the charging and discharging voltage of the single battery. When the battery finishes charging and discharging and needs to be withdrawn, in the transient process that the single battery withdraws from the main loop to the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay and the current passes through the main loop, the current of the main loop flows through the follow current unit, and the follow current unit plays a role in follow current, so that the current of the main loop is not interrupted. In addition, when the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay is closed, the bypass short circuit effect is achieved on the follow current unit, so that the conduction time of the follow current unit is shortened, the loss is reduced, and the hardware requirement on a follow current unit device is lowered. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a low-loss circuit for charging and discharging batteries in series, which is used for charging and discharging a plurality of batteries in series, realizes that the normal charging and discharging work of other batteries is not influenced by the withdrawal or the input of a single battery in the charging and discharging process, has simple operation, can prevent misoperation, and solves the problems of complex control, easy misoperation, large loss and the like of the conventional battery series charging and discharging circuit.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery series charging/discharging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a follow current circuit of a series battery charging/discharging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention when a certain battery unit is charged or discharged and exits and a single-pole double-throw relay has not yet completed switching;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery series charging/discharging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention after a certain battery unit completes charging or discharging and exits, and a single-pole double-throw relay completes switching;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a current follow unit of a battery series charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, which employs a TVS transistor;
fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a current follow unit of a battery series charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is formed by combining diodes and has TVS transistor characteristics;
fig. 6 is an exemplary diagram of a battery series charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a freewheeling unit is designed using a diode and a thyristor;
fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a connection manner of a battery series charging/discharging circuit changing a flywheel unit and a relay according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of a battery series charging and discharging control method based on a battery series charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery series charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a follow current circuit when a certain battery unit of the battery series charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention finishes charging or discharging and exits and a single-pole double-throw relay has not finished switching, and fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit after a certain battery unit of the battery series charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention finishes charging or discharging and exits and a single-pole double-throw relay finishes switching. The battery series charging and discharging circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention is explained and explained in detail with reference to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3. As shown in fig. 1, in the drawing, 1 denotes a single battery, 2 denotes a single-pole double-throw relay, 3 denotes a flywheel unit, 4 denotes a rectification inverter power supply, 5 denotes a control circuit, and 6 denotes a battery unit. The embodiment of the invention provides a battery series connection charging and discharging circuit, which comprises: a rectification inverter power supply 4 and N battery units 6, wherein N is more than or equal to 2;
each battery unit 6 comprises a single battery 1, a single-pole double-throw relay 2 and a follow current unit 3; the normally closed end of the single-pole double-throw relay 2 is connected with the anode of the single battery 1, and the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay 2 is connected with the cathode of the single battery 1; the follow current unit 3 is connected in parallel and bypasses the common end and the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay 2; wherein, the suppression voltage of the follow current unit 3 is higher than the highest charge-discharge voltage of the single battery 1, and the follow current unit 3 is in a reverse blocking state when the single battery 1 is charged and discharged;
the common end of the single-pole double-throw relay 2 in each battery unit 6 is connected with the negative electrode of the single battery 1 in the previous battery unit 6, the negative electrode of the single battery 1 in each battery unit 6 is connected with the common end of the single-pole double-throw relay 2 of the next battery unit 6, and the N battery units 6 are sequentially connected in series and connected with the rectification inverter power supply 4 to form a series charging and discharging circuit.
In this embodiment, it should be noted that the circuit includes a rectification inverter power supply and at least two battery units, and each battery unit is composed of 1 battery cell, 1 single-pole double-throw relay, and 1 freewheeling unit. The normally closed end of the single-pole double-throw relay is connected with the anode of the single battery, and the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay is connected with the cathode of the single battery. The follow current unit is connected in parallel and bypasses the common end and the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay. The common terminal of the single-pole double-throw relay in the battery unit is connected with the negative terminal of the single battery in the previous battery unit, the negative terminal of the single battery is connected with the common terminal of the single-pole double-throw relay in the next battery unit, the N battery units are sequentially connected and are connected with the rectification inverter power supply to form an integral series charging and discharging main circuit, and because the suppression voltage of the follow current unit is higher than the charging and discharging voltage of the single battery, the follow current unit is in a reverse blocking state when the battery is charged and discharged, and the charging and discharging main circuit cannot be influenced. The single battery is communicated into a charging and discharging main loop through the normally closed end of the single-pole double-throw relay, so that the energy loss is low. When the single battery finishes charging and discharging and needs to be withdrawn, in the transient process that the single battery withdraws from the main loop to the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay and the current passes through the main loop, the current of the main loop flows through the follow current unit, and the follow current unit plays a follow current role, so that the current of the main loop is not interrupted. When the single battery has a voltage protection function, the follow current unit acts on the voltage protection function, and the single battery automatically follows current when in a high-impedance state; when the single battery does not have the voltage protection function, the control circuit controls the normally closed end of the single-pole double-throw relay to be disconnected so as to realize continuous current. The normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay is closed to play a role of bypass short circuit for the follow current unit, so that the conduction time of the follow current unit is shortened, the loss is reduced, and the technical requirement on a follow current unit device is lowered.
In this embodiment, it should be noted that the connection mode of the freewheeling unit and the single-pole double-throw relay is not limited to the connection mode of the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 7, other parallel connection modes may also be adopted, and are not limited specifically here.
In this embodiment, it can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the battery is charged and discharged in series, whether in the charging or discharging process, the battery can be withdrawn or put into the battery by switching between the normally closed end and the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay. When a certain battery is withdrawn or put into operation, the current of the main circuit cannot be interrupted due to the follow current function of the follow current unit, and the normal operation of other batteries is not influenced. Because the voltage drop of the relay closing contact is close to zero, the reverse leakage current of the follow current unit is extremely small, the follow current time is very short, and the additional loss of the circuit is very small.
According to the technical scheme, the battery series charging and discharging circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a rectification inverter power supply and at least two battery units, each battery unit comprises a single battery, a single-pole double-throw relay and a follow current unit, the normally closed end of the single-pole double-throw relay is connected with the positive electrode of the single battery, the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay is connected with the negative electrode of the single battery, and the follow current unit is connected in parallel and bypasses the common end and the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay. The common end of the single-pole double-throw relay in each battery unit is connected with the negative electrode of the single battery in the previous battery unit, the negative electrode of the single battery in each battery unit is connected with the common end of the single-pole double-throw relay in the next battery unit, and the N battery units are sequentially connected in series and connected with the rectification inverter power supply to form a series charging and discharging circuit. When the battery is charged and discharged, the single battery is connected with the rectification inverter power supply after being connected in series through the normally closed end of the single-pole double-throw relay, and the bypass of the follow current unit cannot influence the charging and discharging main loop because the suppression voltage of the follow current unit is higher than the charging and discharging voltage of the single battery. When the battery finishes charging and discharging and needs to be withdrawn, in the transient process that the single battery withdraws from the main loop to the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay and the current passes through the main loop, the current of the main loop flows through the follow current unit, and the follow current unit plays a role in follow current, so that the current of the main loop is not interrupted. In addition, when the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay is closed, the bypass short circuit effect is achieved on the follow current unit, so that the conduction time of the follow current unit is shortened, the loss is reduced, and the hardware requirement on a follow current unit device is lowered. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a low-loss circuit for charging and discharging batteries in series, which is used for charging and discharging a plurality of batteries in series, realizes that the normal charging and discharging work of other batteries is not influenced by the withdrawal or the input of a single battery in the charging and discharging process, has simple operation, prevents misoperation, and solves the problems of complex control, easy misoperation, large loss and the like of the conventional battery series charging and discharging circuit. In addition, for the existing single battery charging and discharging mode that one battery corresponds to one charging and discharging channel, the battery series charging and discharging circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention can perform charging and discharging operations on a large number of batteries through one channel, so that the problems of more equipment, large investment and large energy consumption existing in the existing single battery charging and discharging mode are solved. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a low-loss circuit for charging and discharging batteries in series, solves the problems of single batteries exiting and entering in the series charging and discharging process of the batteries, and has the obvious advantages of equipment investment saving, simplicity in operation, misoperation prevention, loss reduction and the like in the technical fields of battery energy storage power stations, battery production and battery performance detection.
Based on the content of the above embodiments, in the present embodiment, the freewheel unit is a TVS tube.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, 5 and 7, it is preferable that the freewheeling unit may adopt a transient Voltage suppressor tvs (transient Voltage super) transistor, the freewheeling unit has a diode conduction characteristic when a forward Voltage is applied, and the freewheeling unit conducts and maintains a suppression Voltage drop when an applied reverse Voltage exceeds its suppression Voltage. The suppression voltage of the follow current unit provided by the embodiment of the invention is slightly higher than the highest charging voltage of the single battery, and the follow current unit is in a reverse blocking state when the battery is charged and discharged.
Based on the content of the above embodiments, in the present embodiment, the freewheel unit is a circuit formed by combining diodes and having TVS transistor characteristics.
In this embodiment, it should be noted that when the single battery is charged and discharged and the normally closed end of the single-pole double-throw relay is closed (as shown in fig. 1), the single battery cannot be short-circuited by the follow current unit, and the suppression voltage of the follow current unit is slightly higher than the highest charging voltage of the single battery; after the single battery finishes charging and discharging, the main loop current is switched to the follow current unit, and the follow current unit is required to bear the main loop current in a short time, so that the follow current unit is not damaged before the normally-opened end of the single-pole double-throw relay is closed. According to the technical requirements of the follow current unit, a proper TVS tube (figure 4) or a circuit (figure 5) with TVS tube characteristics formed by combining diodes can be selected, the serial number of the diodes is determined according to the required suppression voltage and the on-state voltage drop of the diodes, and the high-current follow current unit can be obtained by combining the diodes. The TVS tube can be replaced by a bidirectional TVS tube and a voltage stabilizing diode; a plurality of TVS tubes are connected in parallel to design a large-current follow current unit, or other electrical components are adopted to form a follow current unit with a similar function (figure 6).
Based on the content of the above embodiment, in this embodiment, the single-pole double-throw relay is replaced by a single-pole double-throw switch; or, the single-pole double-throw relay is replaced by two single-pole switches; or the single-pole double-throw relay is replaced by two single-pole relays.
In this embodiment, preferably, in the battery series charging and discharging circuit provided in this embodiment of the present invention, the single-pole double-throw relay in this embodiment of the present invention may be replaced by a single-pole double-throw switch or two single-pole switches or two single-pole relays, and this is not limited herein.
Based on the content of the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the single battery is a single battery or a single battery pack.
In this embodiment, it should be noted that the battery cell may be 1 battery, or may be 1 battery pack, and is not limited herein.
Based on the content of the above embodiments, in the present embodiment, the single battery is a single battery with or without a voltage protection function.
In this embodiment, it should be noted that the single battery is a single battery with a voltage protection function, and when the charging of the single battery is completed, the single battery is in a high impedance state, at this time, the voltage at two ends of the single battery increases, and when the voltage increases to the suppression voltage of the follow current unit, the follow current unit automatically conducts follow current, so that the current of the main loop is ensured not to be interrupted; when the discharging is finished, the single battery is in a high-impedance state and can not pass current, and at the moment, the current of the main loop automatically flows to the follow current unit, so that the current of the main loop is ensured not to be interrupted.
Based on the content of the foregoing embodiment, in this embodiment, the method further includes: a control circuit; one end of the control circuit is connected with the N battery units, the other end of the control circuit is connected with the rectification inverter power supply, and the control circuit is used for detecting state parameters of the battery units, controlling the exit and the input of the battery units and adjusting the rectification inverter power supply.
In this embodiment, it should be noted that the battery series charging and discharging circuit provided in this embodiment of the present invention further includes a control circuit. The control circuit detects the state parameters of the battery unit on one hand and controls the exit or the input of the battery unit on the other hand, and regulates the rectification inverter power supply. Specifically, the control circuit can detect state parameters such as voltage at two ends of the N single batteries, battery temperature and the like, control the N single-pole double-throw relays, and adjust the rectification inverter power supply according to voltage and current requirements of battery charging and discharging. The control circuit judges the working state of the battery and obtains the performance parameters of the battery by acquiring the state parameters of the voltage at two ends of the single battery, the temperature of the battery, the charging and discharging current, the time, the current of the follow current unit and the like in real time, and controls the normally closed end and the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay to be switched according to the working state of the battery, thereby controlling the quitting and the putting-in of the battery unit.
Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of the present invention provides a battery series charging and discharging control method based on a battery series charging and discharging circuit, as shown in fig. 8, which is a flowchart of the battery series charging and discharging control method based on the battery series charging and discharging circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and the method specifically includes:
step 801: when the fact that the single batteries in any battery unit are charged is detected, if the single batteries are determined to have the voltage protection function, the voltage of the two ends of each single battery is increased due to the fact that the single batteries are in a high-impedance state, and when the voltage is increased to the restraining voltage of the follow current unit, the follow current unit automatically conducts follow current, and the current of a main loop is guaranteed not to be interrupted; if the single battery does not have the voltage protection function, when the control circuit detects that the voltages at the two ends of the single battery are higher than the set highest charging voltage, the control circuit controls the corresponding single-pole double-throw relay to switch, the normally closed end is disconnected and exits the single battery, and the main loop continues current through the current follow unit;
in this step, it should be noted that, as shown in fig. 2, when the single battery is charged, if the single battery has a voltage protection function, the single battery is in a high impedance state. At the moment, the voltage of the two ends of the single battery is increased, and when the voltage is increased to the restraining voltage of the follow current unit, the follow current unit automatically conducts follow current, so that the current of the main loop is ensured not to be interrupted. If the single battery has no voltage protection function, when the control circuit detects that the voltages at the two ends of the single battery are higher than the set highest charging voltage, the control circuit controls the corresponding single-pole double-throw relay to switch, the normally closed end is disconnected and exits the single battery, and the main loop continues current through the follow current unit. The current direction in the figure is from top to bottom.
Step 802: when the single batteries in any battery unit are detected to be charged, no matter whether the single batteries have the voltage protection function or not, when the control circuit detects that the voltages of the two ends of the single batteries are higher than the set highest charging voltage, the control circuit controls the corresponding single-pole double-throw relay to switch, the normally closed end is disconnected and exits the single batteries, the normally open end closes the bypass short-circuit follow current unit, the main loop current is switched to the closed normally open end, and the circuit loss is reduced to the lowest;
in this step, as shown in fig. 3, when the battery is charged, no matter whether the single battery has a voltage protection function, when the control circuit detects that the voltages at the two ends of the single battery are higher than the set highest charging voltage, the control circuit controls the corresponding single-pole double-throw relay to switch, the normally closed end is opened to exit the single battery, the normally open end closes the bypass short-circuit follow current unit, and the main circuit current is switched to the closed normally open end, so that the circuit loss is minimized. The current direction in the figure is from top to bottom.
Step 803: when the fact that the single batteries in any battery unit are discharged is detected, if the single batteries are determined to have the voltage protection function, the single batteries are in a high-impedance state and cannot pass current, and at the moment, the current of a main loop automatically flows to a follow current unit, so that the current of the main loop is ensured not to be interrupted; if the single battery does not have the voltage protection function, when the control circuit detects that the voltage at the two ends of the single battery is lower than the set lowest discharge voltage, the control circuit controls the corresponding single-pole double-throw relay to switch, the normally closed end is disconnected and exits the single battery, and the main loop continues current through the follow current unit;
in this step, it should be noted that as shown in fig. 2, when the single battery finishes discharging, if the single battery has a voltage protection function, the single battery is in a high impedance state and cannot pass current, at this time, the main loop current automatically flows to the follow current unit, so that the main loop current is ensured not to be interrupted. If the single battery has no voltage protection function, when the control circuit detects that the voltage of the two ends of the single battery is lower than the set lowest discharge voltage, the control circuit controls the corresponding single-pole double-throw relay to switch, the normally closed end is disconnected and exits the single battery, and the main loop continues current through the follow current unit. The current direction in the figure is from bottom to top.
Step 804: when the single batteries in any battery unit are detected to be discharged, no matter whether the single batteries have the voltage protection function or not, when the control circuit detects that the voltage of the two ends of the single batteries is lower than the set lowest discharge voltage, the control circuit controls the corresponding single-pole double-throw relay to switch, the normally closed end is disconnected and exits the single batteries, the normally open end closes the bypass short-circuit follow current unit, the main loop current is switched to the closed normally open end, and the circuit loss is reduced to the lowest.
In this step, as shown in fig. 3, when the battery is discharged, no matter whether the single battery has a voltage protection function, when the control circuit detects that the voltage across the single battery is lower than the set minimum discharge voltage, the control circuit controls the corresponding single-pole double-throw relay to switch, the normally closed end is opened to exit the single battery, the normally open end closes the bypass short-circuit freewheeling unit, and the main loop current is switched to the closed normally open end, so that the circuit loss is minimized. The current direction in the figure is from bottom to top.
According to the technical scheme, the charge and discharge control method based on the battery series connection charge and discharge circuit comprises a rectification inverter power supply and at least two battery units, each battery unit comprises a single battery, a single-pole double-throw relay and a follow current unit, a normally closed end of the single-pole double-throw relay is connected with a positive electrode of the single battery, a normally open end of the single battery is connected with a negative electrode of the single battery, and the follow current unit is connected in parallel and bypasses a common end and the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay. The common end of the single-pole double-throw relay in each battery unit is connected with the negative electrode of the single battery in the previous battery unit, the negative electrode of the single battery in each battery unit is connected with the common end of the single-pole double-throw relay in the next battery unit, and the N battery units are sequentially connected in series and connected with the rectification inverter power supply to form a series charging and discharging circuit. When the battery is charged and discharged, the single battery is connected with the rectification inverter power supply after being connected in series through the normally closed end of the single-pole double-throw relay, and the bypass of the follow current unit cannot influence the charging and discharging main loop because the suppression voltage of the follow current unit is higher than the charging and discharging voltage of the single battery. When the battery finishes charging and discharging and needs to be withdrawn, in the transient process that the single battery withdraws from the main loop to the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay and the current passes through the main loop, the current of the main loop flows through the follow current unit, and the follow current unit plays a role in follow current, so that the current of the main loop is not interrupted. In addition, when the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay is closed, the bypass short circuit effect is achieved on the follow current unit, so that the conduction time of the follow current unit is shortened, the loss is reduced, and the hardware requirement on a follow current unit device is lowered. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a low-loss circuit for charging and discharging batteries in series, which is used for charging and discharging a plurality of batteries in series, realizes that the normal charging and discharging work of other batteries is not influenced by the withdrawal or the input of a single battery in the charging and discharging process, has simple operation, prevents misoperation, and solves the problems of complex control, easy misoperation, large loss and the like of the conventional battery series charging and discharging circuit.
Based on the content of the foregoing embodiment, in this embodiment, the method further includes:
the control circuit is used for detecting and controlling the N battery units and regulating the rectification inverter power supply;
the control circuit judges the battery state and obtains the performance parameters of the battery through the acquired voltage at two ends of the battery unit, the temperature of the single battery, the charging and discharging current, the time and the current of the follow current unit;
the control circuit is used for controlling the rectification inverter power supply to work in a rectification mode, namely an alternating current input mode and a direct current output mode, and has a constant-voltage and constant-current regulation mode when the battery is charged;
the control circuit is used for controlling the rectification inverter power supply to work in an inverter mode when the battery discharges, and energy feedback is achieved.
In this embodiment, it should be noted that the control circuit is configured to control the rectification inverter to operate in a rectification mode when the battery is charged, where the power supply is an ac input power supply and a dc output power supply, and has a constant-voltage and constant-current regulation mode; the control circuit is used for controlling the rectification inverter power supply to work in an inverter mode when the battery discharges, and energy feedback is achieved.
Based on the content of the foregoing embodiment, in this embodiment, the method further includes:
when the discharging does not need current feedback, a preset discharging consumption mode is adopted to consume the discharging energy.
In this embodiment, it should be noted that when the discharge does not require current feedback, resistance heating or other methods may be used to consume the energy of the discharge.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A battery series charging and discharging circuit, comprising: the system comprises a rectification inverter power supply and N battery units, wherein N is more than or equal to 2;
each battery unit comprises a single battery, a single-pole double-throw relay and a follow current unit; the normally closed end of the single-pole double-throw relay is connected with the anode of the single battery, and the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay is connected with the cathode of the single battery; the follow current unit is connected with a bypass in parallel at the common end and the normally open end of the single-pole double-throw relay; the suppression voltage of the follow current unit is higher than the highest charge-discharge voltage of the single battery, and the follow current unit is in a reverse blocking state when the single battery is charged and discharged;
the public end of the single-pole double-throw relay in each battery unit is connected with the negative electrode of the single battery in the previous battery unit, the negative electrode of the single battery in each battery unit is connected with the public end of the single-pole double-throw relay in the next battery unit, and the N battery units are sequentially connected in series and connected with the rectification inverter power supply to form a series charging and discharging circuit.
2. The battery series charging and discharging circuit of claim 1, wherein the freewheeling unit is a Transient Voltage Suppressor (TVS) transistor.
3. The battery series charging and discharging circuit according to claim 1, wherein the free-wheeling unit is a circuit having TVS transistor characteristics formed by a combination of diodes.
4. The battery series charging and discharging circuit according to claim 1, wherein the single-pole double-throw relay is replaced by a single-pole double-throw switch; or, the single-pole double-throw relay is replaced by two single-pole switches; or the single-pole double-throw relay is replaced by two single-pole relays.
5. The battery series charging and discharging circuit of claim 1, wherein the single battery is a single battery or a single battery pack.
6. The battery series charging and discharging circuit according to claim 1, wherein the single battery is a single battery with or without a voltage protection function.
7. The battery series charging and discharging circuit according to claim 1, further comprising: a control circuit; one end of the control circuit is connected with the N battery units, the other end of the control circuit is connected with the rectification inverter power supply, and the control circuit is used for detecting state parameters of the battery units, controlling the exit and the input of the battery units and adjusting the rectification inverter power supply.
8. A battery series charging and discharging control method based on the battery series charging and discharging circuit according to claim 7, characterized by comprising:
when the fact that the single batteries in any battery unit are charged is detected, if the single batteries are determined to have the voltage protection function, the voltage of the two ends of each single battery is increased due to the fact that the single batteries are in a high-impedance state, and when the voltage is increased to the restraining voltage of the follow current unit, the follow current unit automatically conducts follow current, and the current of a main loop is guaranteed not to be interrupted; if the single battery does not have the voltage protection function, when the control circuit detects that the voltages at the two ends of the single battery are higher than the set highest charging voltage, the control circuit controls the corresponding single-pole double-throw relay to switch, the normally closed end is disconnected and exits the single battery, and the main loop continues current through the current follow unit;
when the single batteries in any battery unit are detected to be charged, no matter whether the single batteries have the voltage protection function or not, when the control circuit detects that the voltages of the two ends of the single batteries are higher than the set highest charging voltage, the control circuit controls the corresponding single-pole double-throw relay to switch, the normally closed end is disconnected and exits the single batteries, the normally open end closes the bypass short-circuit follow current unit, the main loop current is switched to the closed normally open end, and the circuit loss is reduced to the lowest;
when the fact that the single batteries in any battery unit are discharged is detected, if the single batteries are determined to have the voltage protection function, the single batteries are in a high-impedance state and cannot pass current, and at the moment, the current of a main loop automatically flows to a follow current unit, so that the current of the main loop is ensured not to be interrupted; if the single battery does not have the voltage protection function, when the control circuit detects that the voltage at the two ends of the single battery is lower than the set lowest discharge voltage, the control circuit controls the corresponding single-pole double-throw relay to switch, the normally closed end is disconnected and exits the single battery, and the main loop continues current through the follow current unit;
when the single batteries in any battery unit are detected to be discharged, no matter whether the single batteries have the voltage protection function or not, when the control circuit detects that the voltage of the two ends of the single batteries is lower than the set lowest discharge voltage, the control circuit controls the corresponding single-pole double-throw relay to switch, the normally closed end is disconnected and exits the single batteries, the normally open end closes the bypass short-circuit follow current unit, the main loop current is switched to the closed normally open end, and the circuit loss is reduced to the lowest.
9. The battery series charge-discharge control method according to claim 8, characterized by further comprising:
the control circuit is used for detecting and controlling the N battery units and regulating the rectification inverter power supply;
the control circuit judges the battery state and obtains the performance parameters of the battery through the acquired voltage at two ends of the battery unit, the temperature of the single battery, the charging and discharging current, the time and the current of the follow current unit;
the control circuit is used for controlling the rectification inverter power supply to work in a rectification mode, namely an alternating current input mode and a direct current output mode, and has a constant-voltage and constant-current regulation mode when the battery is charged;
the control circuit is used for controlling the rectification inverter power supply to work in an inverter mode when the battery discharges, and energy feedback is achieved.
10. The battery series charge-discharge control method according to claim 9, characterized by further comprising:
when the discharging does not need current feedback, a preset discharging consumption mode is adopted to consume the discharging energy.
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| CN113972718A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-25 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | Battery module battery monomer charge-discharge independent control circuit |
| CN115693860A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-02-03 | 天时力(天津)新能源科技有限责任公司 | Novel battery series system with high reliability |
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