CN112736452B - A combined antenna and intelligent parking management system - Google Patents
A combined antenna and intelligent parking management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112736452B CN112736452B CN202011601050.7A CN202011601050A CN112736452B CN 112736452 B CN112736452 B CN 112736452B CN 202011601050 A CN202011601050 A CN 202011601050A CN 112736452 B CN112736452 B CN 112736452B
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
- H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a combined antenna and an intelligent parking management system, wherein the combined antenna comprises an antenna shell, a WIFI omni-directional antenna, a GPS/BDS active antenna and a 4G omni-directional antenna, wherein an antenna wire outlet hole and a mounting structure are formed in the antenna shell, the WIFI omni-directional antenna, the GPS/BDS active antenna and the 4G omni-directional antenna comprise a circuit board, a cable and a connector, an inner conductor at one end of the cable is electrically connected to a feed connection position of the circuit board, an outer conductor is electrically connected to a grounding connection position of the circuit board, and the other end of the cable is electrically connected to the connector.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of communication antennas, and particularly relates to a combined antenna and an intelligent parking management system.
Background
An intelligent parking management system comprises terminal equipment covered by a wireless network, and an antenna which is built in transceiver equipment. In terms of size, the external dimensions of the antenna and the electrical dimensions on the transmission line are generally required to be miniaturized due to the size limitation of the internal space, and in terms of performance, the performance of the antenna needs to be adapted to the requirements of the transceiver device to obtain good electrical performance indexes.
In the prior art, multi-frequency communication modules such as a 4G (fourth generation mobile communication) frequency band, a WIFI frequency band, a GPS/BDS frequency band and the like are applied to an intelligent parking management system, and particularly in the application of a complex communication module system, multimode cooperative work is required. Under the precondition of the multi-mode cooperative work, namely before the antenna is fed, the design of an impedance matching network is additionally added.
Therefore, the design of the impedance matching network is additionally increased, so that the feeder design of an electronic system is increased, the area of a radio frequency system is increased, and meanwhile, the matching network introduces additional energy loss, so that the system design requirement of low power consumption is difficult to meet, the equipment is difficult to miniaturize and thin, the size is large, the weight is heavy, the equipment cannot be conveniently installed, the cost is high, the manufacturing difficulty is high, and the large-scale production is difficult, so that the miniaturized multimode technology becomes one of the most main technologies of the contemporary communication module integrated system.
Therefore, how to implement the application of three antennas in a miniaturized multimode communication module with limited shell size and space, so as to meet the requirement of the terminal equipment covered by the wireless network of the intelligent parking management system for the modern management of the in-and-out of the internal vehicles and the external vehicles, is a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application aims to provide a combined antenna which has the advantages of small volume, light weight, thin thickness, low cost, convenience in installation, simplicity in production and manufacture, easiness in mass production and the like.
In order to achieve the aim, the application adopts the technical scheme that the combined antenna comprises an antenna shell, a WIFI omni-directional antenna, a GPS/BDS active antenna and a 4G omni-directional antenna, wherein,
An antenna wire outlet hole and a mounting structure are formed in the wall of the antenna shell, and the mounting structure is used for connecting transceiver equipment;
The WIFI omnidirectional antenna comprises a first circuit board, a first cable and a first connector, wherein an inner conductor at one end of the first cable is electrically connected to a feed connection position of the first circuit board, an outer conductor is electrically connected to a grounding connection position of the first circuit board, and the other end of the first cable is electrically connected to the first connector;
The 4G omnidirectional antenna comprises a second circuit board, a second cable and a second connector, wherein an inner conductor at one end of the second cable is electrically connected to a feed connection position of the second circuit board, an outer conductor is electrically connected to a grounding connection position of the second circuit board, and the other end of the second cable is electrically connected to the second connector;
The GPS/BDS active antenna comprises a third circuit board, a third cable and a third joint, wherein the radiating oscillator and the shielding device are electrically connected to the third circuit board, an inner conductor at one end of the third cable is electrically connected to a feed connection position of the third circuit board, an outer conductor is electrically connected to a grounding connection position of the third circuit board, and the other end of the third cable is electrically connected to the third joint;
The first circuit board, the second circuit board and the third circuit board are arranged in the antenna shell, the first connector, the second connector and the third connector are arranged outside the antenna shell, and the first cable, the second cable and the third cable are arranged in the antenna wire hole in a penetrating mode.
In one embodiment, the first circuit board includes a ground plate, an impedance matcher I, an impedance matcher II, a radiating oscillator I, a radiating oscillator II, a phase shifter transmission line, and a coupling ground plate disposed on the back surface;
the first impedance matcher is electrically connected between the feed connection part and the second impedance matcher, the first radiation oscillator is electrically connected between the second impedance matcher and the phase shifter, the second radiation oscillator is electrically connected with the phase shifter, and the first radiation oscillator and the second radiation oscillator are electrically connected through the phase shifter transmission line.
In one embodiment, the second circuit board includes a ground plate, a coupling oscillator, an impedance matcher, a phase shifter transmission line, a radiation oscillator III, and a coupling ground plate disposed on the back side of the second circuit board;
the coupling oscillator is electrically connected between the feed connection part and the impedance matcher, the phase shifter is electrically connected between the impedance matcher and the third radiation oscillator, and the impedance matcher and the third radiation oscillator are electrically connected through the phase shifter transmission line.
In an embodiment, the GPS/BDS active antenna further includes a radiating element and a shielding device, where the radiating element and the shielding device are electrically connected to the third circuit board, and the radiating element and the shielding device are both disposed inside the antenna housing.
In one embodiment, the radiating oscillator is L-shaped, and the cross section of the radiating oscillator is convex.
In an embodiment, the antenna housing includes a first half shell and a second half shell, and the first half shell and the second half shell are engaged and abutted.
In an embodiment, the antenna housing is columnar, the antenna wire via is opened on an end side of the antenna housing, and the mounting structure is disposed on a peripheral side of the antenna housing.
In one embodiment, a module mounting hole and a module wire passing hole are further formed in the wall of the antenna shell;
The module mounting hole is used for mounting a communication module of transceiver equipment;
the module via is for a cable run of a communication module of a transceiver device.
In one embodiment, the antenna housing is flat, and the cross section of the antenna housing is elliptical.
Compared with the prior art, the combined antenna provided by the application has the beneficial effects that:
According to the combined antenna provided by the application, the antenna shell is used as a matrix, three antennas of the WIFI omnidirectional antenna, the GPS/BDS active antenna and the 4G omnidirectional antenna are integrated in the antenna shell, and the circuit board is used for replacing the design of the existing impedance matching network, so that the antenna shell is firm in structure, the installation structure can be engaged with transceiver equipment, the three antennas are small in size, light in weight and thin in thickness, the performance index is excellent, and the antenna can be matched with the connecting end in the transceiver equipment and can provide good radiation performance parameters. Through the mounting structure, the combined antenna provided by the application can be conveniently disassembled and assembled, and is low in cost, simple in production and manufacture and easy for mass production.
The combined antenna applied to the intelligent parking management system has attractive appearance, firm structure, strong third dimension of radian and streamline, fitting of the installation fixing hole site and transceiver equipment, small size, light weight, thin thickness, convenient installation, low cost, simple production and manufacture, easy mass production, excellent antenna performance index, capability of being matched with the connecting end in the transceiver equipment and capability of providing better radiation performance parameters.
It is still another object of the present application to provide an intelligent parking management system including a transceiver device, and a combination antenna as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the intelligent parking management system provided by the application has the beneficial effects similar to those of the combined antenna provided by the application, and the description is omitted here.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of an antenna housing according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 3 is a schematic back view of an antenna housing according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is an axial schematic view of an antenna housing according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a semi-cutaway view of an antenna housing according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic front view of a WIFI omni-directional antenna circuit board provided by an embodiment of the application;
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the back of a WIFI omni-directional antenna circuit board according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a phase shifter of a WIFI omni-directional antenna circuit board according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 9 is a schematic front view of a 4G omni-directional antenna circuit board according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the back of a 4G omni-directional antenna circuit board according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a phase shifter of a 4G omni-directional antenna circuit board according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a schematic front view of a GPS/BDS active antenna circuit board according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the back of a GPS/BDS active antenna circuit board according to an embodiment of the application;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of an L-shaped radiating element of a GPS/BDS active antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a shielding device for a GPS/BDS active antenna according to an embodiment of the application;
fig. 16 is a standing wave diagram of actual measurement of a WIFI omni-directional antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 17 is a standing wave diagram of actual measurement of a 4G omni-directional antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 18 is a standing wave diagram of an actual measurement of a GPS/BDS active antenna according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 19 is a graph showing signal strength test of a GPS/BDS active antenna according to an embodiment of the application;
fig. 20 is a directional diagram of a WIFI omni-directional antenna according to an embodiment of the present application tested at 2400 MHz;
fig. 21 is a diagram of a test of a WIFI omni-directional antenna provided by an embodiment of the application at 2450 MHz;
fig. 22 is a diagram of a test of a WIFI omni-directional antenna provided by an embodiment of the application at 2483 MHz;
Fig. 23 is a diagram of a 4G omni-directional antenna according to an embodiment of the present application tested at 2500 MHz;
fig. 24 is a diagram of a 4G omni-directional antenna tested at 2600MHz according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 25 is a diagram of a 4G omni-directional antenna according to an embodiment of the present application tested at 2700 MHz.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are merely for convenience in describing and simplifying the description based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
The combined antenna and the intelligent parking management system provided by the embodiment of the application are described.
Referring to fig. 1 to 15, the combined antenna provided by the embodiment of the application is applied to an intelligent parking management system.
The schematic structural diagram of the combined antenna applied to the intelligent parking management system is shown in fig. 1, and the combined antenna comprises an antenna shell 1, a WIFI omni-directional antenna 101, a GPS/BDS active antenna 102 and a 4G omni-directional antenna 103.
The antenna housing 1 has a flat columnar shape, and the cross section of the antenna housing approaches to an ellipse.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the front end side of the antenna housing 1 is provided with two module wire outlet holes 106, 107, and the module wire outlet holes 106, 107 are used for wire routing of the communication modules in the transceiver device.
The rear end side of the antenna housing 1 is provided with an antenna wire hole 109, and the antenna wire hole 109 is used for cable routing in the WIFI omni-directional antenna 101, the GPS/BDS active antenna 102 and the 4G omni-directional antenna 103.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, on opposite side walls of the peripheral side of the antenna housing 1, one module mounting hole 104, 105 is provided, respectively, and the module mounting holes 104, 105 are used for mounting a communication module in a fixed transceiver device.
As shown in fig. 3, four mounting structures are disposed on the back surface of the antenna housing 1, and the mounting structures are preferably mounting fixing holes 108, and the four mounting fixing holes 108 are distributed at four vertex angle positions of the same rectangle and can be clamped on the transceiver device in a clamping manner, so that the antenna housing 1 is mounted on the transceiver device.
As shown in fig. 5, the antenna housing 1 includes two half-shells 10, which are a first half-shell and a second half-shell, respectively, and the first half-shell and the second half-shell are engaged and abutted, so that an operator can conveniently engage the two half-shells, or disassemble the two half-shells, so as to conveniently install or disassemble the two half-shells.
In the embodiment of the application, the WIFI omni-directional antenna 101 includes a first circuit board, a first cable A1 and a first connector A2. The first circuit board is preferably a high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB A. The inner conductor at one end of the first cable A1 is welded and fixed with the feed connection 204 of the high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB A, the outer conductor is welded and fixed with the grounding connection 203 of the high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB A, and the other end of the first cable A1 is welded and fixed with the first connector A2.
In the embodiment of the present application, the 4G omni-directional antenna 103 includes a second circuit board, a second cable B1, and a second connector B2. The second circuit board is preferably a high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB B. The feed connection 304 of the inner conductor and the high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB B at one end of the second cable B1 is welded and fixed, the grounding connection 303 of the outer conductor and the high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB B is welded and fixed, and the other end of the second cable B1 is welded and fixed with the second connector B2.
In the embodiment of the present application, the GPS/BDS active antenna 102 includes a third circuit board C, L type radiating element D, a shield E, a third cable C1, and a third connector C2. The L-shaped radiation oscillator D and the shielding device E are respectively welded and fixed with the third circuit board C, an inner conductor at one end of the third cable C1 is welded and fixed with a feed connection part 401 on the third circuit board C, an outer conductor is welded and fixed with a grounding connection part 402 on the third circuit board C, and the other end of the third cable C1 is welded and fixed with a third joint C2.
The first circuit board, the second circuit board, the third circuit board, the radiating oscillator and the shielding device are all arranged in the antenna shell, the first connector, the second connector and the third connector are all positioned outside the antenna shell, and the first cable, the second cable and the third cable are all arranged in the antenna wire outlet in a penetrating mode.
Specifically, two module mounting holes, namely, a module mounting hole 104 for mounting the first fixed module and a module mounting hole 105 for mounting the second fixed module, are provided on the left and right sides of the front end side of the antenna housing 1. Two module wire outlet holes are respectively formed at the front end side of the antenna housing 1, namely a module wire outlet hole 107 for the first cable outlet of the module and a module wire outlet hole 106 for the second cable outlet of the module.
The first cable A1 and the first connector A2 of the WIFI omni-directional antenna 101, the third cable C1 and the third connector C2 of the GPS/BDS active antenna 102, and the second cable B1 and the third connector B2 of the 4G omni-directional antenna 103 are all outgoing through the rear end antenna wire hole 109 of the antenna housing 1 and electrically connected to the transceiver device. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 to 5, fig. 2 is a schematic front structure of the antenna housing in the embodiment, fig. 3 is a schematic back structure of the antenna housing in the embodiment, fig. 4 is a schematic side structure of the antenna housing in the embodiment, and fig. 5 is a schematic internal structure of the antenna housing in the embodiment.
In the embodiment of the application, the front surface of the high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB A is provided with a grounding plate 201, a grounding copper-depositing hole 202, a grounding welding part 203, a feed connection part 204, an impedance matcher I205, an impedance matcher II 206, a radiation oscillator I207, a phase shifter 208, a phase shifter transmission line 209 and a radiation oscillator II 210. The back of the high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB A is provided with a coupling grounding plate 211 and a grounding copper-sinking hole 202.
The grounding plate 201 is connected and conducted with the coupling grounding plate 211 through the grounding copper deposition hole 202, one end of the impedance matcher I205 is connected and conducted with the feed connection part 204, the other end of the impedance matcher I205 is connected and conducted with one end of the impedance matcher II 206, one end of the radiation oscillator I207 is connected and conducted with one end of the impedance matcher II 206, the other end of the radiation oscillator I207 is connected and conducted with one end of the phase shifter 208, one end of the radiation oscillator II 210 is connected and conducted with one end of the phase shifter 208, and the radiation oscillator I207 and the radiation oscillator II 210 are connected and conducted through the phase shifter transmission line 209. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6 to 8, fig. 6 is a schematic front structure diagram of a WIFI omni-directional antenna circuit board in an embodiment, fig. 7 is a schematic back structure diagram of the WIFI omni-directional antenna circuit board in an embodiment, and fig. 8 is a schematic structure diagram of a phase shifter on the WIFI omni-directional antenna circuit board in an embodiment.
In the embodiment of the application, the front surface of the high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB B is provided with a grounding plate 301, a grounding copper-sinking hole 302, a grounding welding part 303, a feed connection part 304, a coupling oscillator 305, a transmission line 306, an impedance matcher 307, a phase shifter 308, a phase shifter transmission line 309 and a third radiating oscillator 310. The back of the high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB B is provided with a coupling grounding plate 311 and a grounding copper-sinking hole 302.
The ground plate 301 is connected and conducted with the coupling ground plate 311 through the ground copper deposition hole 302, one end of the coupling oscillator 305 is connected and conducted with the feed connection part 304, the feed connection part 304 is connected and conducted with one end of the impedance matcher 307 through the transmission line 306, one end of the phase shifter 308 is connected with one end of the impedance matcher 307, the other end of the phase shifter 308 is connected with one end of the third radiating oscillator 310, and the impedance matcher 307 and the third radiating oscillator 310 are connected and conducted through the phase shifter transmission line 309. Specifically, as shown in fig. 9 to 11, fig. 9 is a schematic front structure diagram of a 4G omni-directional antenna circuit board in the embodiment, fig. 10 is a schematic back structure diagram of the 4G omni-directional antenna circuit board in the embodiment, and fig. 11 is a schematic structure diagram of a phase shifter on the 4G omni-directional antenna circuit board in the embodiment.
In the embodiment of the application, the shielding device E is welded and fixed on the circuit on the front surface of the third circuit board C through the welding part 404 of the shielding device, the cross section of the L-shaped radiating oscillator D is in a convex shape, the bottom of the L-shaped radiating oscillator D is welded and fixed on the back surface of the third circuit board C through the welding hole 403, the radiating direction of the L-shaped radiating oscillator D faces the top direction of the back surface of the third circuit board C, and the distance between the L-shaped radiating oscillator D and the back surface of the circuit board C is 5mm. Specifically, as shown in fig. 12 to 15, fig. 12 is a schematic front structure of a GPS/BDS active antenna circuit board in the embodiment, fig. 13 is a schematic rear structure of the GPS/BDS active antenna circuit board in the embodiment, fig. 14 is a schematic structure of an L-shaped radiator of a GPS/BDS active antenna in the embodiment, and fig. 15 is a schematic structure of a GPS/BDS active antenna shield in the embodiment.
The front and the back of the high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB of the WIFI omnidirectional antenna are provided with a grounding plate, a grounding welding position, a feeding connection position, an impedance matcher I, an impedance matcher II, a radiation oscillator I, a phase shifter transmission line, a radiation oscillator II, a coupling grounding plate and a grounding copper deposition hole, and the front and the back of the high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB of the 4G omnidirectional antenna are provided with a grounding plate, a grounding welding position, a feeding connection position, a transmission line, an impedance matcher, a phase shifter transmission line, a radiation oscillator, a coupling grounding plate and a grounding copper deposition hole; by utilizing the dielectric microstrip technology, the phase shifter technology, the broadband technology and the coupling resonance technology, the radiating oscillator, the coupling oscillator, the microstrip transmission line, the impedance matcher, the phase shifter transmission line, the coupling grounding plate and the grounded microstrip transmission line are designed into irregular shapes, the good electrical performance parameters of the antenna are obtained by changing the shape of the vibrator, the size and the shape of the microstrip transmission line, the phase shifter and the impedance matcher on the dielectric substrate and the distance between the transmission lines; the front and back of the GPS/BDS active antenna circuit board are provided with a grounding welding part, a feed connecting part, an active circuit, an L-shaped radiating oscillator welding part and a shielding device welding part, the L-shaped radiating oscillator can enhance the directivity of the antenna, the shielding device covers the active circuit, and the interference of external clutter on parts is reduced; meanwhile, the complex design of the impedance matching network is omitted, the miniaturization of the impedance matching network is ensured, the impedance matching network can be applied to transceiver equipment with limited size, the utilization rate of the radiation area of the antenna is high, the anti-interference capability is strong, therefore, the structure is simpler, the size is smaller, the better radiation performance index can be provided, and the radiation performance index can be matched with the connecting end in the transceiver equipment.
In the embodiment of the application, the length range of the high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB A of the WIFI omnidirectional antenna 101 is 95.3 mm-102.5 mm, the width range is 14.6 mm-15.8 mm, the thickness range is 0.80 mm-1.20 mm, the material of the high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB A is F4BM-2 double-sided copper-clad plate, and the dielectric constant is 2.2. The length of the first radiating oscillator is 1/2 lambda 0, and the length of the second radiating oscillator is 5/8 lambda 0, wherein lambda 0 is the space free wavelength of the central frequency point. The length range of the impedance matcher I is 12.13 mm-13.52 mm, the width range is 4.26 mm-5.28 mm, the length range of the impedance matcher II is 3.54 mm-4.92 mm, the width range is 1.13 mm-2.24 mm, and the grounding plate, the impedance matcher I, the impedance matcher II, the radiating oscillator I, the phase shifter, the radiating oscillator II and the coupling grounding plate are printed on the front surface or the back surface of the high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB by microstrip lines.
In the embodiment of the application, the length range of the high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB B of the 4G omnidirectional antenna 102 is 83.5 mm-96.5 mm, the width range is 14.6 mm-15.8 mm, the thickness range is 0.80 mm-1.20 mm, the material of the high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB is F4BM-2 double-sided copper-clad plate, and the dielectric constant is 2.2. The length of the coupling oscillator and the radiating oscillator III is 5/8λ0, wherein λ0 is the free wavelength of the space of the central frequency point. The length range of the impedance matcher is 4.56 mm-6.68 mm, the width range is 4.52 mm-6.34 mm, and the grounding plate, the coupling vibrator, the impedance matcher, the phase shifter, the radiation vibrator and the coupling grounding plate are all printed on the front surface or the back surface of the high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB by microstrip lines.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a phase shifter on a WIFI omni-directional antenna circuit board in an embodiment, in a high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB board a feed circuit of a WIFI omni-directional antenna 101, two ends of a phase shifter 208, a first radiating element 207 and a second radiating element 210 are integrally connected, an unfolding length of the phase shifter 208 is half wavelength, and a phase shift amount of the phase shifter 208 is 180 °, so that vertical unit currents of the first radiating element 207 and the second radiating element 210 are kept in phase, directivity of the antenna is enhanced, and gain of the antenna is improved. The phase shifter 208 adopts a spiral line structure, the range of the spiral diameter D1 of the phase shifter 208 is 5.23 mm-7.36 mm, the range of the screw pitch S1 is 4.36 mm-5.34 mm, and the number of spiral turns of the phase shifter 208 is 4.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a phase shifter on a 4G omnidirectional antenna circuit board in an embodiment, in a high-frequency double-sided copper-clad PCB board B feed circuit of a 4G omnidirectional antenna 103, two ends of a phase shifter 308, an impedance matcher 307 and a third radiating element 310 are integrally connected, an unfolding length of the phase shifter 308 is half wavelength, and a phase shift amount of the phase shifter 308 is 180 °, so that vertical unit currents of a coupling element 305 and the third radiating element 310 are kept in phase, directivity of the antenna is enhanced, and gain of the antenna is improved. The phase shifter 308 adopts a spiral line structure, the range of the spiral diameter D2 of the phase shifter 308 is 4.86 mm-6.54 mm, the range of the screw pitch S2 is 2.35 mm-4.57 mm, and the number of spiral turns of the phase shifter 308 is 4.
In this embodiment, the components of the GPS/BDS active antenna 102 are arranged according to the signal flow direction, from the input stage to the output stage, each unit current is relatively concentrated, and the layout is performed with the amplifying device as the center, so as to shorten the connection line of the high-frequency components, reduce the distribution parameters and electromagnetic interference between the high-frequency components, and for the adjustable components, the components susceptible to interference cannot be too close to each other, the input and output components should be far away from each other, the components located at the edge of the circuit board are more than 2mm away from the edge of the circuit board, and the symmetrical circuit is adopted to make the distribution parameters of the components consistent, and the two amplifying devices are vertically placed and far away to reduce the coupling between each other, so that the components are arranged uniformly, orderly, compactly and in consistent density.
The bottom of L type radiation oscillator D is protruding word shape, and the bottom of L type radiation oscillator D passes through welding hole 403 welded fastening on the circuit board back, and the direction of radiation of L type radiation oscillator orientation circuit board back's top direction can strengthen the directionality of antenna, and shield E passes through shield welding part 404 welded fastening on the positive circuit of circuit board, can cover the active circuit on the circuit board, reduces the interference of external clutter to spare part, as shown in fig. 14~ 15.
In the embodiment, the length range of the GPS/BDS active antenna circuit board is 63.3 mm-75.5 mm, the width range is 13.23 mm-15.35 mm, the thickness range is 1.32 mm-1.55 mm, the adopted material is a PCB board, and the dielectric constant is 4.3-4.7. The length range of the L-shaped radiation oscillator is 32.6 mm-35.8 mm, the width range is 6.32 mm-9.23 mm, the thickness range is 1.10 mm-1.32 mm, and the adopted material is tin-plated brass plate. The length range of the shielding device is 27.3 mm-29.6 mm, the width range is 9.65 mm-11.54 mm, the height range is 3.25 mm-5.21 mm, the thickness range is 0.32 mm-0.63 mm, and the adopted material is copper-clad laminate.
It should be noted that in this embodiment, the length range of the antenna housing is 186 mm-204 mm, the width range is 145 mm-163 mm, the height range is 103 mm-112 mm, the outer diameter range of the module mounting holes of the two modules is 10.32 mm-11.64 mm, the outer diameter range of the module wire outlet holes of the two modules at the front end of the antenna housing is 8.25 mm-9.63 mm, the outer diameter range of the antenna wire outlet holes at the rear end of the antenna housing is 14.68 mm-16.57 mm, and the material adopted by the housing is ultraviolet-proof ABS.
The combined antenna sample applied to the intelligent parking management system is improved and perfected for a plurality of times, and finally, through detection and verification of an instrument, the combined antenna sample comprises a WIFI frequency band (2400 MHz-2500 MHz), a 4G (fourth generation mobile communication system) frequency band (2500 MHz-2700 MHz) and a GPS/BDS frequency band (1559 MHz-1602 MHz), standing wave ratio is less than 1.50 in matched test of an antenna and transceiver equipment, signal intensity coefficient reaches about 47-48 in test of signal intensity of the GPS/BDS active antenna, as shown in fig. 16-19, fig. 16 is a standing wave diagram actually measured by the WIFI omnidirectional antenna in the embodiment, fig. 17 is a standing wave diagram actually measured by the 4G omnidirectional antenna in the embodiment, fig. 18 is a standing wave diagram actually measured by the GPS/BDS active antenna in the embodiment, and fig. 19 is a signal intensity test diagram actually measured by the GPS/BDS active antenna in the embodiment.
In the test of the antenna pattern, the gains of 2400 MHz-2500 MHz and 2500 MHz-2700 MHz reach 5.5dBi, and the out-of-roundness of the horizontal plane pattern is within ±1dB, as shown in fig. 20-25, fig. 20 is the pattern of the WIFI omni-directional antenna tested at 2400MHz in the embodiment, fig. 21 is the pattern of the WIFI omni-directional antenna tested at 2450MHz in the embodiment, fig. 22 is the pattern of the WIFI omni-directional antenna tested at 2483MHz in the embodiment, fig. 23 is the pattern of the 4G omni-directional antenna tested at 2500MHz in the embodiment, fig. 24 is the pattern of the 4G omni-directional antenna tested at 2600MHz in the embodiment, and fig. 25 is the pattern of the 4G omni-directional antenna tested at 2700MHz in the embodiment.
The combined antenna applied to the intelligent parking management system has attractive appearance, firm structure, strong third dimension of radian and streamline, fitting of the installation fixing hole site and transceiver equipment, small size, light weight, thin thickness, convenient installation, low cost, simple production and manufacture, easy mass production, excellent antenna performance index, capability of matching with the connecting end in the transceiver equipment and capability of providing better radiation performance parameters.
Another object of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an intelligent parking management system, which uses the above combined antenna.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the application.
Claims (8)
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| WO2018119153A2 (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-28 | Intel Corporation | Wireless communication technology, apparatuses, and methods |
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