CN112736306B

CN112736306B - Battery management chip and battery management system

Info

Publication number: CN112736306B
Application number: CN202110000360.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周号
Original assignee: Shenzhen Maiju Microelectronics Technology Co ltd; Zhuhai Maiju Microelectronics Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Maiju Microelectronics Technology Co ltd; Zhuhai Maiju Microelectronics Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-03
Filing date: 2021-01-03
Publication date: 2025-08-12
Anticipated expiration: 2041-01-03
Also published as: CN112736306A

Abstract

The disclosure provides a battery management chip for detecting safety of a battery, which comprises a sampling unit for collecting signals of the battery and a data processing unit for processing the signals collected by the sampling unit so as to perceive the safety of the battery. The present disclosure also provides a battery management system.

Description

Battery management chip and battery management system

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to a battery management chip and a battery management system.

Background

Lithium batteries are widely used in various aspects in industry and life at present, but there are problems in the use of lithium batteries, for example, depending on the application environment, water vapor may be formed in a lithium battery pack, and if the water vapor is excessive, damage to the lithium battery may be caused, for example, short circuit of the lithium battery may be caused, etc. In addition, the lithium battery is deformed when being subjected to external force, and bulges are generated after the battery is aged. When the above problems occur in the lithium battery, internal short circuit, fire explosion, etc. will occur. Safety inspection of lithium batteries is therefore necessary.

In general, humidity sensors and the like are used for detecting water vapor in lithium batteries, and pressure sensors and the like are used for deformation detection. However, in the case of using these sensors, the cost is excessively high, and for deformation detection, the position, range, region, type, etc. where deformation occurs cannot be accurately determined by using the pressure sensor.

The present disclosure proposes a more efficient battery management chip that can be used to detect individual batteries in a battery pack, and make decisions or the like based on detection signals.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a battery management chip and a battery management system.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a battery management chip for detecting a shape change of a battery and/or a water content change around the battery, includes:

A sampling unit for collecting a sensed capacitance signal outputted from a capacitance sensing device for measuring a change in shape of the battery and/or a change in moisture content around the battery, wherein the sensed capacitance signal is changed when the shape of the battery is changed or the moisture content around the battery is changed, and

And the data processing unit is used for processing the induction capacitance signals acquired by the sampling unit so as to know the shape change of the battery and/or the water content change around the battery through the induction capacitance signals.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the data processing unit includes:

an analog-to-digital conversion unit for converting the analog signal collected by the sampling unit into a digital signal, and

And the filtering unit is used for filtering the digital signal.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the filtering unit includes a linear filter, a nonlinear filter, or a combination filter of a linear filter and a nonlinear filter.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the data processing unit further includes:

a calculation unit for calculating the filtered digital signal to obtain the change value and/or change rate of the sensing capacitance, and

And a judging unit that judges a change in shape of the battery and/or a change in water content around the battery based on the change value and/or the change rate of the induced capacitance.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the determining unit may determine the deformation position, the deformation amount, the deformation range, and/or the deformation type of the battery according to the change value and/or the change rate of the sensing capacitor.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery management chip further includes an applying unit for applying an excitation to the capacitance sensing device.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery management chip further includes a multiplexing unit for selectively receiving the sensing capacitance signal outputted by the capacitance sensing device and providing the sensing capacitance signal to the sampling unit.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery management chip is configured to detect a change in shape of a battery in a battery pack and/or a change in moisture content inside the battery pack, the battery pack includes two or more battery cells arranged at a predetermined space interval, and the capacitance sensing device includes a first electrode plate disposed at, near, or near an outer surface of one battery cell of an adjacent battery cell and a second electrode plate disposed at, near, or near an outer surface of another battery cell of the adjacent battery cell, wherein the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are disposed opposite to each other.

In accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first plate and a second plate are disposed between each two adjacent cells of more than two battery cells.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first electrode plate and/or the second electrode plate is an electrical conductor for battery packaging.

In accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first plate and/or the second plate are an electrical conductor or conductive material disposed on, near, or near the outer surface, inner surface, or inner surface, respectively, of the battery.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first electrode plate is disposed in parallel with the second electrode plate.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first electrode plate includes more than one first electrode plate unit, the second electrode plate includes more than one second electrode plate unit, the first electrode plate unit and the second electrode plate unit are disposed in one-to-one correspondence and form capacitance sensing units, and the sampling unit collects sensing capacitances generated by each capacitance sensing unit.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first electrode plate includes more than one first electrode plate unit, the second electrode plate includes more than two second electrode plate units, one first electrode plate unit is configured to form capacitance sensing units corresponding to at least more than two second electrode plate units, and the sampling unit collects sensing capacitances generated by each capacitance sensing unit.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first and second electrode plate units are at least one of circular, elliptical, and polygonal in shape, and the first and second electrode plate units disposed in one-to-one correspondence are disposed on the first and second electrode plates, respectively.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first and second plate units are stripe-shaped, and an extension direction of the first plate unit on the first plate is at a predetermined angle to an extension direction of the second plate unit on the second plate.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first electrode plate unit and the second electrode plate unit are driving units and receiving units or receiving units and driving units, respectively, and the sampling unit collects induced capacitances generated between each receiving unit and a corresponding driving unit and an adjacent driving unit.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first electrode plate unit and the second electrode plate unit are driving units and receiving units or receiving units and driving units, respectively, and the sampling unit collects induced capacitances generated between each receiving unit and each driving unit.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first electrode plate unit and the second electrode plate unit are driving units and receiving units or receiving units and driving units, respectively, and the sampling unit collects induced capacitances generated between each receiving unit and the corresponding driving unit.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery management chip is configured to detect a change in shape of a battery in a battery pack and/or a change in moisture content inside the battery pack, the battery pack includes two or more battery cells arranged at a predetermined space interval, the capacitance sensing device includes a first electrode plate disposed at, near or near an outer surface, an inner surface of one battery cell of adjacent battery cells, and the first electrode plate includes two or more driving electrode plate units and two or more receiving electrode plate units, the driving electrode plate units being staggered with the electrode plate units.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first electrode plate is disposed between each two adjacent cells of two or more battery cells, or a first electrode plate is disposed on each battery cell.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first electrode plate is an electrical conductor for battery packaging.

In accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first plate is an electrical conductor or conductive material disposed on, near, or near the outer surface of the battery, respectively.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the sampling unit collects induced capacitances generated between each receiving plate unit and adjacent transmitting plate units.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery management chip is configured to detect a change in shape of a battery in a battery pack and/or a change in moisture content inside the battery pack, the battery pack includes two or more battery cells arranged at predetermined intervals, the capacitance sensing device includes a first electrode plate disposed at, near, or near an outer surface of one battery cell of an adjacent battery cell, a second electrode plate disposed at, near, or near an outer surface of another battery cell of the adjacent battery cell, and an intermediate electrode plate disposed between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate.

In accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first plate, a second plate, and an intermediate plate are disposed between each two adjacent cells of more than two battery cells.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first electrode plate and the middle electrode plate form a first capacitance sensing structure for measuring the one battery cell, and the second electrode plate and the middle electrode plate form a second capacitance sensing structure for measuring the other battery cell.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first plate and/or the second plate are an electrical conductor or an electrically conductive material disposed on, near, or near the outer surface of the battery, respectively, and the intermediate plate is an electrical conductor.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first plate, the second plate, and the intermediate plate are disposed in parallel.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first electrode plate includes more than one first electrode plate unit, the middle electrode plate includes more than one middle electrode plate unit, the first electrode plate unit and the middle electrode plate unit are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and form a capacitance sensing unit, and the sampling unit collects the sensing capacitance generated by each capacitance sensing unit.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the second electrode plate includes more than one second electrode plate unit, the middle electrode plate includes more than one middle electrode plate unit, the second electrode plate unit and the middle electrode plate unit are disposed in one-to-one correspondence and form a capacitance sensing unit, and the sampling unit collects the sensing capacitance generated by each capacitance sensing unit.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first electrode plate includes more than one first electrode plate unit, the middle electrode plate includes more than two middle electrode plate units, one first electrode plate unit is configured corresponding to at least more than two middle electrode plate units to form capacitance sensing units, and the sampling unit collects sensing capacitances generated by each capacitance sensing unit.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the second electrode plate includes one or more second electrode plate units, the intermediate electrode plate includes two or more intermediate electrode plate units, one second electrode plate unit is disposed corresponding to at least two or more intermediate electrode plate units to form capacitance sensing units, and the sampling unit collects sensing capacitances generated by each capacitance sensing unit.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the shapes of the first plate unit, the second plate unit and the middle plate unit are at least one of a circle, an ellipse and a polygon, and the first plate unit and the second plate unit which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner are respectively arranged on the first plate and the second plate.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first plate unit and the middle plate unit are stripe-shaped, and an extension direction of the first plate unit on the first plate is at a predetermined angle to an extension direction of the middle plate unit on the middle plate.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the second electrode plate unit and the middle electrode plate unit are stripe-shaped, and an extension direction of the second electrode plate unit on the second electrode plate is at a predetermined angle to an extension direction of the middle electrode plate unit on the middle electrode plate.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are driving electrode plates or receiving electrode plates, the middle electrode plate is a receiving electrode plate or a driving electrode plate, and the sampling unit collects the induced capacitance generated between each receiving electrode plate and each driving electrode plate.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first middle plate unit and the second middle plate unit corresponding to the first plate unit are respectively disposed at both sides of the middle plate.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a battery management system includes a battery management chip as described above, by which a change in shape of a battery and/or a change in water content around the battery is measured.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a battery management chip according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a battery safety detection module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a capacitive sensing apparatus according to one embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a capacitive sensing apparatus according to one embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a capacitive sensing apparatus according to one embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a capacitive sensing apparatus according to one embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a capacitive sensing apparatus according to one embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a capacitive sensing apparatus according to one embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of a capacitive sensing apparatus according to one embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 10 shows a schematic diagram of a capacitive sensing apparatus according to one embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 11 shows a schematic diagram of a capacitive sensing apparatus according to one embodiment of the disclosure.

Detailed Description

The present disclosure is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant content and not limiting of the present disclosure. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only a portion relevant to the present disclosure is shown in the drawings.

In addition, embodiments of the present disclosure and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The technical aspects of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

Unless otherwise indicated, the exemplary implementations/embodiments shown are to be understood as providing exemplary features of various details of some ways in which the technical concepts of the present disclosure may be practiced. Thus, unless otherwise indicated, features of the various implementations/embodiments may be additionally combined, separated, interchanged, and/or rearranged without departing from the technical concepts of the present disclosure.

The use of cross-hatching and/or shading in the drawings is typically used to clarify the boundaries between adjacent components. As such, the presence or absence of cross-hatching or shading does not convey or represent any preference or requirement for a particular material, material property, dimension, proportion, commonality between illustrated components, and/or any other characteristic, attribute, property, etc. of a component, unless indicated. In addition, in the drawings, the size and relative sizes of elements may be exaggerated for clarity and/or descriptive purposes. While the exemplary embodiments may be variously implemented, the specific process sequences may be performed in a different order than that described. For example, two consecutively described processes may be performed substantially simultaneously or in reverse order from that described. Moreover, like reference numerals designate like parts.

When an element is referred to as being "on" or "over", "connected to" or "coupled to" another element, it can be directly on, connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may be present. However, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," "directly connected to," or "directly coupled to" another element, there are no intervening elements present. For this reason, the term "connected" may refer to physical connections, electrical connections, and the like, with or without intermediate components.

For descriptive purposes, the present disclosure may use spatially relative terms such as "under," above, "" upper, "" above, "" higher, "and" side (e.g., as in "sidewall") to describe one component's relationship to another (other) component as shown in the figures. In addition to the orientations depicted in the drawings, the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use, operation, and/or manufacture. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "under" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "over" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" may encompass both an orientation of "above" and "below. Furthermore, the device may be otherwise positioned (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," and variations thereof, are used in the present specification, the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof is described, but the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof is not precluded. It is also noted that, as used herein, the terms "substantially," "about," and other similar terms are used as approximation terms and not as degree terms, and as such, are used to explain the inherent deviations of the processed, calculated, and/or provided values that would be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a battery management chip is provided. The battery management chip can measure the moisture or the water content in the battery pack and also can measure the deformation of the battery units in the battery pack.

According to the technical scheme of the disclosure, the change of the water content in/around the battery pack or the deformation of the battery can be measured by arranging one capacitor plate in or near the battery pack.

Fig. 1 illustrates a battery management system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Wherein the broken line shows the battery management chip 100.

As shown in fig. 1, the battery management chip 100 may be used to manage batteries. The battery can be a lithium battery pack, and comprises a plurality of lithium batteries connected in series.

The battery management chip 100 may include a strobe detection module, a voltage amplification module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a control logic module, a switch driving module, a battery safety detection module, a discharge switch MD, and a charge switch MC.

The gating detection module detects the voltage of each battery B ₁～B_n by gating the voltage of each battery. The gating detection module may be configured to detect the filtered battery voltage, where the filtering may be implemented by an RC filter formed by the filter resistor R _f1～R_fn and the filter capacitor C ₁～C_n.

The voltage amplification module may amplify the voltage of each battery from the strobe detection module.

The analog-to-digital conversion module is used for performing analog-to-digital conversion on the voltage of each battery from the voltage amplification module and providing the converted digital signals to the control logic module.

The control logic module can provide a control signal for the switch driving module at least according to the detected battery voltage so as to control the discharge switch MD and the charging switch MC through the switch driving module, thereby realizing the charge and discharge control of the battery, when the battery is charged, the battery is charged through an external charger, and when the battery is discharged, the battery management system is discharged through an external load.

In addition, the battery management chip may further include a voltage converter. The voltage converter is used to convert a highest battery voltage VCC, such as a battery, to various different required supply voltages VDD, which may be, for example, 5V or the like.

As shown in fig. 1, the battery management chip 100 may acquire the positive terminal voltage of the first battery B ₁ through the PIN ₁ PIN, the positive terminal voltage of the first battery B ₂ through the PIN ₂ PIN, the positive terminal voltage of the first battery B _n-1 through the PIN _n-1 PIN, and the positive terminal voltage of the first battery B _n through the PIN _n PIN.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a battery safety detection module in a battery pack according to a first aspect of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 2, the battery safety detection module is used to detect a change in the shape of the battery and/or a change in the water content around the battery. The battery safety detection module comprises a sampling unit and a data processing unit, wherein the sampling unit is used for collecting a sensing capacitance signal output by a capacitance sensing device for measuring the shape change of the battery and/or the water content change around the battery, wherein when the shape of the battery changes or the water content around the battery changes, the sensing capacitance signal changes, and the data processing unit is used for processing the sensing capacitance signal collected by the sampling unit so as to obtain the shape change of the battery and/or the water content change around the battery through the sensing capacitance signal.

The data processing unit comprises an analog-to-digital conversion unit and a filtering unit, wherein the analog-to-digital conversion unit is used for converting the analog signals acquired by the sampling unit into digital signals, and the filtering unit is used for filtering the digital signals. The filtering unit includes a linear filter, a nonlinear filter, or a combination filter of a linear filter and a nonlinear filter.

The data processing unit further comprises a calculation unit which calculates the filtered digital signal so as to obtain a change value and/or a change rate of the induction capacitance, and a judgment unit which judges the shape change of the battery and/or the change of the water content around the battery based on the change value and/or the change rate of the induction capacitance. The judging unit can judge the deformation position, deformation amount, deformation range and/or deformation type of the battery according to the change value and/or the change rate of the induction capacitor.

The battery management chip further includes an application unit for applying an excitation to the capacitive sensing device.

The battery management chip also comprises a multiplexing unit, wherein the multiplexing unit is used for selectively receiving the sensing capacitance signal output by the capacitance sensing device and providing the sensing capacitance signal to the sampling unit.

Fig. 3 illustrates a battery safety detection module in a battery pack according to a first aspect of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 3, the battery pack may include more than two battery cells. Fig. 3 shows three battery cells 621, 622, and 623, it being noted that other numbers of battery cells are possible. In the following, three battery cells are taken as an example, and the principle is the same when other numbers of battery cells are used.

The three battery cells 621, 622, and 623 are arranged at predetermined intervals.

The battery safety detection module may include a capacitive sensing device and a processing device.

The capacitance sensing device may include a first plate 601 disposed on, near or inside an outer surface of one of the adjacent battery cells, and a second plate 602 disposed on, near or inside an outer surface of the other of the adjacent battery cells, wherein the first plate and the second plate are disposed in a predetermined space and are disposed opposite to each other. A first polar plate and a second polar plate are arranged between each two adjacent batteries of more than two battery units.

As shown in fig. 6, a first plate may be provided on the outer surface of the first cell 621, and a second plate may be provided correspondingly on the outer surface of the second cell 622, with the first plate being provided on the outer surface of the other side of the second cell, and the second plate being provided correspondingly on the outer surface of the third cell 623.

The data processing unit processes the output signals of the first electrode plate and/or the second electrode plate so as to acquire the capacitance change between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate caused by the moisture around the battery unit and/or the deformation of the battery unit.

In addition, the data processing unit processes the output signals of the first polar plate and/or the second polar plate, so that the capacitance change between the first polar plate and the second polar plate generated by the change of the distance between the first polar plate and the second polar plate caused by the deformation of the battery unit can be obtained. When the battery unit is deformed, the electrode plates are correspondingly deformed, so that the distance between the electrode plates is changed, and the generated capacitance between the electrode plates is correspondingly changed. The shape change of the plate is not regular. Thus, if there are multiple pairs of plates to detect as described below, the rate or value of change of capacitance formed by each pair will be different.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of moisture contained in a battery pack. Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the battery after deformation, wherein the deformation shown in fig. 5 is a cell bulge-type deformation.

In the battery pack of the present disclosure, a change in the resulting capacitance between the first and second plates will be caused due to a change in the moisture content in the battery pack. The first and second plates will be deformed due to the deformation of the battery cells. When the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are deformed, the electrostatic capacitance value between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate is also changed. Thus, the change in the moisture content in the battery pack and/or the deformation of the battery cells can be obtained by measuring the change in the capacitance value.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, the number of the first electrode plates and the second electrode plates provided on the outer surface of one battery may be two or more. The two or more first polar plates and the two or more second polar plates are arranged in one-to-one correspondence and form two or more capacitance sensing units, the data processing unit respectively acquires the unit capacitance change values respectively formed by more than two capacitance sensing units.

Fig. 6 shows a case where a plurality of first and second electrode plates are provided. The number of the first electrode plates and the second electrode plates may be set according to practical situations, and the shapes of the first electrode plates and the second electrode plates may be various shapes such as square, rectangle, circle, trapezoid, diamond, triangle, T-shape, interdigital shape, polygon, etc., which are not limited in the present disclosure, and in other embodiments, the shapes of the electrode plates may be the above-mentioned shapes or any other shapes.

By providing a plurality of first electrode plates and second electrode plates, the first battery unit and the second battery unit are taken as an example for explanation, the plurality of first electrode plates are provided on the outer surface of the first battery unit, and correspondingly, the plurality of second electrode plates are also provided on the outer surface of the second battery unit. When the size and shape of each pair of first and second plates are the same, the change in capacitance value detected by each pair of first and second plates is the same (because the change in dielectric constant caused by the water content in the battery pack is uniform), but when the size and/or shape of each pair of first and second plates are the same, the change in capacitance value detected by each pair of first and second plates is different, when the change in capacitance value detected by the battery pack is different, the change in capacitance value between the previous and subsequent moments, for example, can be obtained by calculating the change rate of capacitance value of each pair of first and second plates.

When the first battery unit and/or the second battery unit at the position of a certain first polar plate and a certain second polar plate are deformed, the static capacitance value generated by the first polar plate and the second polar plate is changed, so that the deformation condition of the first battery unit and/or the second battery unit is obtained by detecting the static capacitance value. Since different first and second plates are provided at different locations, the static capacitance value generated by each corresponding first and second plate may be different. For example, when a bulge-type fault occurs, the static capacitance of the first plate and the second plate at the bulge is changed greatly, while the static capacitance of the first plate and the second plate at the non-bulge is changed less. In this way, the deformation position, the deformation range and the deformation type and the deformation amount can be obtained according to the setting positions of the first polar plate and the second polar plate.

Preferably, the first electrode plate is arranged in parallel with the second electrode plate.

For example, the data processing unit of the present disclosure may further include a comparison unit for comparing the capacitance change value and/or the change rate of the respective units (each of the units constituted by the respective first and second electrode plates), and determining the change in the water content in the battery pack according to the comparison result. The comparison unit can also judge the deformation position, deformation amount, deformation range and/or deformation type of the battery according to the capacitance change value and/or change rate.

In addition, whether the capacitance change is caused by the change of the water content or the deformation of the battery unit can be judged according to the capacitance change value and/or the change rate. For example, when a bulge-type fault of the shape shown in fig. 8 occurs, the change value and/or change rate of the electrostatic capacitances of the two first plates and the second plates in the middle will be significantly different from those of the two first plates and the second plates on both sides, so that by detecting the change value and/or change rate of the electrostatic capacitances of the detection unit constituted by each of the first plates and the second plates, the position where the deformation occurs can be obtained, and the type of deformation can also be obtained by the deformation position. For example, when the change in moisture content occurs, the change values and/or change rates of the electrostatic capacitances of the respective units are substantially uniform/equal, and thus it can be considered that the change in capacitance is caused by the change in moisture content at this time.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, electrical conductors for each cell outer wrap may be employed as the first and second plates. For example, the battery cells are typically wrapped with aluminum foil, and the wrapped aluminum foil may be used as the first and second plates. And an insulating layer or the like may be provided between the aluminum foil and the battery body.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first plate and/or the second plate are electrical conductors or conductive materials disposed at or near the outer surface of one cell and/or at or near the outer surface of another cell, respectively, and may also be disposed at or near the inner surface. For example, the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate may be provided with electric conductors alone, or the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate may be provided with electric conductive materials (e.g., coated with electric conductive materials) to perform the functions of the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, or the like.

The battery safety detection module may further comprise an application means for applying an excitation to the first plate and/or the second plate. In addition, a threshold value comparing unit may be included, and when the capacitance change value and/or the change rate exceed a predetermined threshold value, the battery is judged to be faulty (excessive water content or excessive deformation, etc.).

Fig. 7 shows a case of a plurality of first plates 6011, which may be used as transmitting plates, and second plates 6021, which may be used as receiving plates, and vice versa, in a stripe shape and a cross arrangement. After the first plates are sequentially excited, the induced capacitance obtained from each excited first plate is measured by each second plate, respectively.

Fig. 8 shows a case of a plurality of first plates 6011, which may be used as transmitting plates, and second plates 6021, which may be used as receiving plates, and vice versa, being rectangular and arranged correspondingly. After the first plates are sequentially excited, the induced capacitance obtained from each excited first plate is measured by an adjacent second plate, respectively.

Fig. 9 shows a case where one second plate 602 is included and there are corresponding pluralities of first plates 6011, wherein the first plates may act as transmitting plates and the second plates may act as receiving plates, or vice versa. After each first plate has been excited in turn, the induced capacitance resulting from the excited first plate is measured by the second plate, respectively, and vice versa.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a battery management system including the above battery safety detection module by which the water content and/or deformation of the battery cells in the battery pack is measured.

According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a battery safety detection module in a battery pack including two or more battery cells arranged at a predetermined space interval, the battery safety detection module including a capacitance sensing device including a first plate array and a second plate array, and a data processing unit processing output signals of the first plate array and/or the second plate array so as to acquire a capacitance change between the first plate array and the second plate array generated when a water content in the battery pack changes, wherein the first plate array includes two or more first plates and the second plate array includes two or more second plates, an extending direction of the two or more first plates forms a predetermined angle with an extending direction of the two or more second plates, the first plate array is disposed on, near or inside an outer surface of one battery cell of the adjacent battery cells, and the second plate array is disposed on, near or inside an outer surface of another battery cell of the adjacent battery cell, wherein the first plate array and the second plate array are disposed in the predetermined space and are disposed. The predetermined angle may be 90 degrees.

A first electrode plate array and a second electrode plate array are arranged between each two adjacent batteries of more than two battery units. The first electrode plate array and the second electrode plate array can be arranged in parallel.

Two battery cells are described below as examples. Fig. 10 shows a schematic view of the arrangement of the first and second plates of the first and second battery cells.

As shown in fig. 7, the first electrode plate 6011 provided in the first electrode plate array of the first battery cell may extend in the first direction and may be arranged in parallel in plurality, and the second electrode plate 6021 provided in the second electrode plate array of the second battery cell may extend in the second direction and may also be arranged in parallel in plurality. Thus, when the first polar plate and the second polar plate are arranged oppositely, the change of the water content of the battery pack and/or the deformation of the battery unit can be sensed through the capacitance value generated between the first polar plate and the second polar plate. It should be noted that, although the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are provided in an elongated shape in fig. 7, other shapes may be adopted, which is not limited in this disclosure.

The battery safety detection module may further comprise an application means for time-sharing application of an excitation to one or more of the two or more first plates and/or time-sharing application of an excitation to one or more of the two or more second plates.

For example, an excitation voltage is applied to a first plate at a first time, and then the capacitance value between the first plate and a second plate is measured. Then, an excitation voltage is applied to the other first electrode plate, and the electrostatic capacitance value between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate is measured.

In this way, the capacitance value between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate obtained after the excitation voltage is applied to each first electrode plate can be finally obtained.

The data processing unit obtains capacitance changes measured by each first polar plate and/or second polar plate after excitation is applied to the first polar plate and/or the second polar plate at one time and other times, compares capacitance change values and/or change rates, and judges the change of the water content of the battery and/or the deformation position, deformation quantity, deformation range and/or deformation type of the battery unit according to the comparison result.

For example, when the water content in the battery pack changes, the change value and/or the change rate of the electrostatic capacitance measured by the respective electrode plates are substantially uniform/equal, so that the change can be regarded as being caused by the change in the water content. When a bulge type fault of the shape shown in fig. 5 occurs, the change value and/or change rate of the electrostatic capacitances of the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate at the bulge is larger than the change value and/or change rate of the electrostatic capacitances of the two first electrode plates and the second electrode plates at both sides, so that the position where the deformation occurs can be obtained by detecting the change value and/or change rate of the electrostatic capacitances of the detection unit formed by each of the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, and the deformation type or the like can also be obtained by the deformation position.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, electrical conductors for each cell outer wrap may be employed as the first and second plates. For example, the battery cells are typically wrapped with aluminum foil, and the wrapped aluminum foil may be used as the first and second plates. And an insulating layer or the like may be provided between the aluminum foil and the battery body. The aluminum foil for packaging can then be treated to form the respective first and second plates.

In addition, when the capacitance change exceeds a predetermined threshold, it is judged that the battery has a problem of excessive water content or excessive deformation. For example, as can be seen from the above, the capacitance sensing device according to the present disclosure can effectively distinguish between the change in moisture content and the change in shape, so that it is possible to obtain whether the battery has a problem of moisture content or a problem of deformation after the distinguishing.

According to a further embodiment of the present disclosure, there is also provided a battery management system including a battery safety detection module as above, by which the water content and/or deformation of the battery cells in the battery pack is measured.

According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a battery safety detection module in a battery pack including two or more battery cells arranged at a predetermined spatial interval, the battery safety detection module including a capacitance sensing device including a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate, and an intermediate electrode plate, and a data processing unit processing output signals of the first electrode plate, the second electrode plate, and/or the intermediate electrode plate so as to acquire a change in capacitance between the first electrode plate and the intermediate electrode plate, and/or between the second electrode plate and the intermediate electrode plate, generated when a change in water content inside the battery pack and/or a change in distance between the second electrode plate and the intermediate electrode plate is caused by a change in the battery cells, the first electrode plate being disposed on, near, or inside an outer surface of one of the adjacent battery cells, the second electrode plate being disposed on, near, or inside an outer surface of another battery cell of the adjacent battery cells, the intermediate electrode plate being disposed between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, and the intermediate electrode plate being disposed in the predetermined space, respectively.

A first plate 601, a second plate 602, and an intermediate plate 603 are disposed between each two adjacent cells of the two or more battery cells.

As shown in fig. 10, a middle electrode plate is disposed between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, the change of the water content inside the battery pack and/or the deformation of the first battery unit can be known through the capacitance change between the middle electrode plate and the first electrode plate, and the change of the water content inside the battery pack and/or the deformation of the second battery unit can be known through the capacitance change between the middle electrode plate and the second electrode plate. For other battery units, the principle is the same, and the description is omitted.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first plate and/or the second plate are electrical conductors or conductive materials disposed at or near the outer surface of one cell and/or at or near the outer surface of another cell, respectively, and may also be disposed at or near the inner surface. For example, the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate may be provided with conductors alone, or the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate may be provided with conductive materials.

The intermediate plate may be an entire conductor or may be provided with conductors/conductive material on both sides of the intermediate plate. In the case of an entire electrical conductor, the change in the moisture content inside the battery pack, and/or the deformation of the first battery cell and the deformation of the second battery cell may be obtained by detecting the change in capacitance between the intermediate plate and the first plate, and the change in capacitance between the intermediate plate and the second plate, respectively. When the conductive body/conductive material is provided at both sides of the intermediate plate, the change in the water content inside the battery pack and/or the deformation of the first battery cell is measured by the conductive body/conductive material at the opposite side of the intermediate plate corresponding to the first plate, and the change in the water content inside the battery pack and/or the deformation of the second battery cell is measured by the conductive body/conductive material at the opposite side of the intermediate plate corresponding to the second plate. Under the condition that the conductors or the conductive materials are respectively arranged on the two sides of the middle polar plate, the conductors or the conductive materials on the two sides are insulated.

Similar to the above embodiment, the number of the first electrode plates, the second electrode plates and the intermediate electrode plates is two or more, and the two or more first electrode plates and the two or more intermediate electrode plates are arranged in one-to-one correspondence and constitute two or more first capacitance sensing units, the two or more second electrode plates and the two or more intermediate electrode plates are arranged in one-to-one correspondence and constitute two or more second capacitance sensing units, and the data processing unit acquires the cell capacitance change values and/or change rates respectively formed by the two or more first capacitance sensing units and the two or more second capacitance sensing units.

The data processing unit comprises a comparison unit which is used for comparing the capacitance change value and/or the change rate of each unit and judging the change of the water content in the battery pack and/or the deformation position, the deformation quantity, the deformation range and/or the deformation type of the battery according to the comparison result.

Similarly, the first plate and/or the second plate are one cell-packaging electrical conductor and/or another cell-packaging electrical conductor, and the intermediate plate is an electrical conductor or conductive material disposed between the first plate and the second plate. Or the first polar plate and/or the second polar plate are/is electric conductors or electric conductive materials respectively arranged near the outer surface of one battery unit and/or near the outer surface of the other battery unit, and the middle polar plate is/is electric conductors or electric conductive materials arranged between the first polar plate and the second polar plate.

The first polar plate, the second polar plate and the middle polar plate are arranged in parallel.

And an application device for applying an excitation to the first plate, the second plate and/or the intermediate plate. And when the capacitance change exceeds a preset threshold value, judging that the battery has the conditions of excessive water content or excessive deformation.

According to a further embodiment of the present disclosure, there is also provided a battery management system including the battery safety detection module as above, by which deformation of battery cells in a battery pack and water content inside the battery pack are measured.

According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a battery safety detection module in a battery pack including two or more battery cells arranged at a predetermined space therebetween, the battery safety detection module including a capacitance sensing device including a first electrode plate array, a second electrode plate array, and a middle electrode plate array; and a data processing unit processing output signals of the first plate array, the second plate array and/or the middle plate array so as to acquire capacitance changes generated by changes of water content in the battery pack and/or capacitance changes generated by changes of distances between the first plate array and the middle plate array caused by deformation of the battery units and/or between the second plate array and the middle plate array, wherein the first plate array comprises more than two first plates, the second plate array comprises more than two second plates and the middle plate array comprises more than two middle plates, the extending directions of the more than two first plates form a preset angle with the extending directions of the more than two middle plates, the extending directions of the more than two second plates form a preset angle with the extending directions of the more than two middle plates, the first plate array is arranged on or near the outer surface or the inner surface of one battery unit of the adjacent battery units, the second plate array is arranged on or near the outer surface or the inner surface of another battery unit of the adjacent battery units, the middle plate array is arranged between the first plate array and the first plate array, the first plate array is arranged in the preset space, and the first plate array is arranged in the preset space.

A first polar plate array, a second polar plate array and a middle polar plate array are arranged between each two adjacent batteries of more than two battery units. The first electrode plate array, the second electrode plate array and the middle electrode plate array are arranged in parallel. The predetermined angle is 90 degrees.

The two sides of the middle polar plate array are respectively provided with a conductor or a conductive material, and the conductors or the conductive materials at the two sides are insulated.

The device further comprises an applying device for applying excitation to one or more than two first polar plates in a time sharing way, applying excitation to one or more than two second polar plates in a time sharing way and/or applying excitation to one or more than two middle polar plates in a time sharing way.

The data processing unit obtains capacitance change values and/or capacitance change rates measured by the first polar plate, the second polar plate and/or the middle polar plate after excitation is applied to the first polar plate, the second polar plate and/or the middle polar plate at one time and other times, compares the capacitance change values and/or the capacitance change rates, and judges the change of the internal water content of the battery pack and/or the deformation position, the deformation quantity, the deformation range and/or the deformation type of the battery according to the comparison result.

The first plate and/or the second plate are an electrical conductor or an electrically conductive material arranged near the outer surface of one cell and/or near the outer surface of the other cell, respectively.

And when the capacitance change exceeds a preset threshold value, judging that the battery has the conditions of excessive water content or excessive deformation.

The water content in the battery pack is considered to be changed when the capacitance change value and/or the capacitance change rate between each first polar plate and each middle polar plate are consistent according to the capacitance change value and/or the capacitance change rate between each second polar plate and each middle polar plate, and the battery unit is considered to be changed in shape when the capacitance change value and/or the capacitance change rate between each first polar plate and each middle polar plate are inconsistent according to the capacitance change value and/or the capacitance change rate between each second polar plate and each middle polar plate.

The solution of the fourth aspect of the present disclosure is different from the example of fig. 7, and further includes an intermediate plate array, where the intermediate plate may include a plurality of strip-shaped intermediate plates.

For example, a plurality of first plates may extend in parallel along a first direction, a plurality of second plates may extend in parallel along the first direction, and a plurality of intermediate plates may extend along a second direction at an angle to the first direction, for example, the angle may be 90 degrees, wherein the intermediate plates may also be disposed on both sides so as to correspond to the first and second plates, respectively. The measurement method may be similar to the technical solution of the second aspect, and will not be described herein.

According to a further embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a battery management system including a battery safety detection module as above, by which deformation of battery cells in a battery pack and/or water content inside a battery panel is measured.

Furthermore, the case of measuring the induced capacitance between two plates is given in the above example, but the induced capacitance between a plurality of plate units provided on one plate may also be measured by one plate in the present disclosure. For example, as shown in fig. 11, in which a plurality of pad units include a transmitting electrode 131 and a receiving electrode 132, the transmitting electrode 131 is staggered with the receiving electrode 132. When the transmitting electrode 131 is excited, the induced capacitance formed between the receiving electrode 132 and the adjacent transmitting electrode 131 is measured.

The data processing unit may include an applying unit, the applying unit may provide a square wave voltage, a step wave voltage, etc. at a predetermined hertz, and the sampling unit may receive a signal from the pad, the received signal may be provided to the analog-to-digital conversion unit, and the signal may be provided to the filtering unit, etc. after being converted by the analog-to-digital conversion unit, so that a corresponding capacitance change value may be measured. Furthermore, when a plurality of plates are processed by the data processing unit, a multiplexing unit may be provided before the sampling unit, for example, a multiplexing switch may be used to select signals for measuring the respective plates.

The applying unit may apply excitation to the electrode plates, and further, in a case where excitation needs to be applied to the plurality of electrode plates, respectively, the applying unit may selectively apply excitation to the electrode plates by the multiplexing unit. After the excitation is applied, the capacitance value generated by the electrode plate can be sampled by the sampling unit (in the case of sampling a plurality of electrode plates respectively, each electrode plate can be selected by the multiplexing unit to sample the electrode plate respectively), the capacitance value collected by the sampling unit is sent to the analog-to-digital conversion unit, and the analog-to-digital conversion unit can convert the collected capacitance value into a digital signal and then filter the digital signal by the filtering unit. The filtering unit may include a linear filter, a nonlinear filter, or a combination filter of a linear filter and a nonlinear filter. The filtered signal is sent to a computing unit, which computes the capacitance change value and/or the capacitance change rate generated by the pole plate. The calculated capacitance change value and/or capacitance change rate are sent to a judging unit, and the judging unit judges according to the capacitance change value and/or capacitance change rate, for example, the judging unit can judge whether the capacitance change is caused by the change of the water content or the deformation of the battery according to the capacitance change value and/or the capacitance change rate, and the judging unit can judge whether the fault occurs according to the capacitance change value and/or the capacitance change rate to alarm or the like.

In a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, in the case that a plurality of first electrode plates are included, an insulating material or an insulating member may be disposed between the plurality of first electrode plates in order to prevent a short circuit from being formed between the respective first electrode plates when the battery cell is deformed. In addition, in the same manner, in the case where a plurality of second plates/intermediate plates are included, each of the second plates/intermediate plates may also be provided with an insulating material or an insulating member to prevent a short circuit after deformation. Further, an insulating material or insulating member may be provided between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, between the first electrode plate and the intermediate electrode plate, and/or between the second electrode plate and the intermediate electrode plate. In the case of providing the insulating material or the insulating member as described above, the insulating material or the insulating member may be provided between the two electrode plates, or the surface of each electrode plate may be wrapped with the insulating material or the insulating member.

In the above embodiment, the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are provided on the outer surface of the battery cell, but the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate may be provided inside the outer surface of the battery cell, for example, inside the exterior package of the battery cell.

In the above description, the water content may be measured according to the capacitance change value and/or the change rate, and the deformation position, deformation amount, deformation range, and/or deformation type of the power cell may be also measured. For example, in the case where a plurality of first electrode plates, second electrode plates, or intermediate electrode plates are provided, the range of deformation is determined by signals of electrode plates provided at different positions, and for example, when the electrode plate signals at certain positions are changed, the range of deformation can be determined. The same can be used for determining the area where the deformation occurs. In addition, the deformation amount of the battery cell or the like can be obtained according to the magnitude of the capacitance change,

Further, according to a variant embodiment of the present disclosure, when the number of the first plate, the second plate and the intermediate plate is more than one, it may be set so as to detect the change in water content and/or deformation.

For example, when there are more than one first plate and second plates, the number of first plates may be set to M, M≥1, and the number of second plates may be set to N, N≥2, wherein the corresponding capacitance change is measured by each of the M first plates acting with each of the N second plates, respectively, e.g. when there are 2 first plates and these 2 first plates act as transmitting electrodes, 3 second plates act as receiving electrodes, 1 of the 2 first plates are excited, respectively, the induced capacitance formed at 3 second plates is measured, and then the other first plate is excited, respectively, the induced capacitance formed at 3 second plates is measured. The same principle applies for the case where there is more than one first plate, second plate and intermediate plate. For example, the number of first plates may be set to M, M≥2, the number of second plates may be set to N, N≥2, and the number of intermediate plates may be set to M, where m≥1, wherein the corresponding capacitance change is measured by each of the M intermediate plates acting with each of the M first plates and each of the N second plates, respectively.

In addition, when the plates are provided on both sides of the intermediate plate, the intermediate portions of the plates on both sides of the intermediate plate may be provided to be insulated from the electric field.

In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment/manner," "some embodiments/manner," "example," "a particular example," "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment/manner or example is included in at least one embodiment/manner or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily for the same embodiment/manner or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments/modes or examples. Furthermore, the various embodiments/modes or examples described in this specification and the features of the various embodiments/modes or examples can be combined and combined by persons skilled in the art without contradiction.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above-described embodiments are merely for clarity of illustration of the disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. Other variations or modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art from the foregoing disclosure, and such variations or modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A battery management chip for detecting a change in shape of a battery and a change in water content around the battery in a battery pack including two or more battery cells arranged at a predetermined space therebetween, the battery management chip comprising:

A sampling unit for collecting a sensed capacitance signal outputted from a capacitance sensing device for measuring a change in shape of the battery and a change in moisture content around the battery, wherein the sensed capacitance signal is changed when the shape of the battery is changed or the moisture content around the battery is changed, and

The data processing unit is used for processing the induction capacitance signals acquired by the sampling unit so as to obtain the shape change of the battery and the water content change around the battery through the induction capacitance signals;

wherein the data processing unit calculates the change rate of the capacitance value of the sensing capacitor at the previous time and the next time of the capacitance sensing device to determine whether the water content around the battery is changed, calculates the static capacitance value of the capacitance sensing device to determine whether the battery is changed in shape,

The capacitive sensing device comprises a first polar plate and a second polar plate, wherein the first polar plate is arranged on the outer surface of one battery unit of the adjacent battery units, the second polar plate is arranged on the outer surface of the other battery unit of the adjacent battery units, the first polar plate and the second polar plate are oppositely arranged and are arranged in parallel, and the first polar plate and the second polar plate are arranged between each two adjacent batteries of more than two battery units.

2. The battery management chip of claim 1, wherein the data processing unit comprises:

And the filtering unit is used for filtering the digital signal.

3. The battery management chip of claim 2, wherein the filtering unit comprises a linear filter, a nonlinear filter, or a combination of a linear filter and a nonlinear filter.

4. The battery management chip of claim 3 wherein the data processing unit further comprises:

A calculation unit for calculating the filtered digital signal to obtain a change value or change rate of the sensing capacitance, and

And a judging unit that judges a change in shape of the battery and a change in water content around the battery based on the change value or the change rate of the induced capacitance.

5. The battery management chip of claim 4 wherein the determination unit is capable of determining a deformation location, a deformation amount, a deformation range, or a deformation type of the battery based on the change value of the sensing capacitor.

6. The battery management chip of claim 1 further comprising an application unit for applying an excitation to the capacitive sensing device.

7. The battery management chip of claim 1 further comprising a multiplexing unit for selectively receiving the sensed capacitance signal output by the capacitance sensing device and providing the sensed capacitance signal to the sampling unit.

8. The battery management chip of claim 1 wherein the first and second plates are electrical conductors for battery packaging.

9. The battery management chip of claim 1 wherein the first and second plates are electrical conductors disposed on the outer surface of the battery, respectively.

10. The battery management chip of claim 1 wherein the first plate comprises more than one first plate unit and the second plate comprises more than one second plate unit, the first plate units and the second plate units being disposed in one-to-one correspondence and constituting capacitance sensing units, the sampling unit collecting the sensed capacitance generated by each capacitance sensing unit.

11. The battery management chip of claim 1 wherein the first plate comprises more than one first plate unit and the second plate comprises more than two second plate units, one first plate unit being disposed at least in correspondence with more than two second plate units to form capacitance sensing units, the sampling unit collecting the sensed capacitance generated by each capacitance sensing unit.

12. The battery management chip of claim 10 wherein the first and second plate units are at least one of circular, elliptical, and polygonal in shape, and the first and second plate units are disposed on the first and second plates, respectively, in a one-to-one correspondence.

13. The battery management chip of claim 10 wherein the first and second plate units are strip-shaped and the direction of extension of the first plate unit on the first plate is at a predetermined angle to the direction of extension of the second plate unit on the second plate.

14. The battery management chip of claim 10 wherein the first plate unit is a drive unit and the second plate unit is a receive unit, or the first plate unit is a receive unit and the second plate unit is a drive unit, the sampling unit collecting induced capacitances generated between each receive unit and the corresponding drive unit and adjacent drive units.

15. The battery management chip of claim 13 wherein the first plate unit is a drive unit and the second plate unit is a receive unit, or the first plate unit is a receive unit and the second plate unit is a drive unit, the sampling unit collecting induced capacitances generated between each receive unit and each drive unit.

16. The battery management chip of claim 11 wherein the first plate unit is a drive unit and the second plate unit is a receive unit, or the first plate unit is a receive unit and the second plate unit is a drive unit, the sampling unit collecting induced capacitances generated between each receive unit and the corresponding drive unit.

17. The battery management chip of any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the capacitive sensing means comprises a first plate disposed on an outer surface of one of the adjacent cells and comprising two or more drive plate units and two or more receive plate units, the drive plate units being staggered with the receive plate units.

18. The battery management chip of claim 17 wherein a first plate is disposed between each two adjacent cells of more than two cells or a first plate is disposed on each cell.

19. The battery management chip of claim 18 wherein the first plate is a battery packaging electrical conductor.

20. The battery management chip of claim 17 wherein the first plates are electrical conductors disposed on the outer surfaces of the cells, respectively.

21. The battery management chip of claim 17 wherein the sampling unit collects the induced capacitance generated between each receiver plate unit and an adjacent transmitter plate unit.

22. The battery management chip of any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the capacitive sensing means comprises a first plate disposed on an outer surface of one cell of an adjacent cell, a second plate disposed on an outer surface of another cell of the adjacent cell, and an intermediate plate disposed between the first plate and the second plate.

23. The battery management chip of claim 22 wherein a first plate, a second plate, and an intermediate plate are disposed between each two adjacent cells of the two or more battery cells.

24. The battery management chip of claim 22 wherein the battery management chip,

The first polar plate and the middle polar plate form a first capacitance sensing structure, the first capacitance sensing structure is used for measuring one battery unit, the second polar plate and the middle polar plate form a second capacitance sensing structure, and the second capacitance sensing structure is used for measuring the other battery unit.

25. The battery management chip of claim 24 wherein the first and second plates are electrical conductors for battery packaging.

26. The battery management chip of claim 24 wherein the first and second plates are electrical conductors disposed on the outer surface of the battery, respectively, and the intermediate plate is an electrical conductor.

27. The battery management chip of claim 24 wherein the first plate, the second plate, and the intermediate plate are disposed in parallel.

28. The battery management chip of claim 24 wherein the first plate comprises more than one first plate unit, the intermediate plate comprises more than one intermediate plate unit, the first plate units and the intermediate plate units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and form capacitance sensing units, and the sampling unit collects the sensing capacitance generated by each capacitance sensing unit.

29. The battery management chip of claim 28 wherein the second plate comprises more than one second plate unit, the intermediate plate comprises more than one intermediate plate unit, the second plate units and the intermediate plate units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and form capacitance sensing units, and the sampling unit collects the sensing capacitance generated by each capacitance sensing unit.

30. The battery management chip of claim 24 wherein the first plate comprises more than one first plate unit, the intermediate plate comprises more than two intermediate plate units, one first plate unit is disposed corresponding to at least more than two intermediate plate units to form capacitance sensing units, and the sampling unit collects the sensing capacitance generated by each capacitance sensing unit.

31. The battery management chip of claim 30 wherein the second plate comprises more than one second plate unit, the intermediate plate comprises more than two intermediate plate units, one second plate unit is disposed corresponding to at least more than two intermediate plate units to form capacitance sensing units, and the sampling unit collects the sensing capacitance generated by each capacitance sensing unit.

32. The battery management chip of claim 29 wherein the first plate element, the second plate element, and the intermediate plate element are at least one of circular, elliptical, and polygonal in shape, and the first plate element and the second plate element are disposed on the first plate and the second plate, respectively, in one-to-one correspondence.

33. The battery management chip of claim 31 wherein the first plate element, the second plate element, and the intermediate plate element are at least one of circular, elliptical, and polygonal in shape, and the first plate element and the second plate element are disposed on the first plate and the second plate, respectively, in one-to-one correspondence.

34. The battery management chip of claim 33 wherein the first plate unit and the intermediate plate unit are strip-shaped and the direction of extension of the first plate unit on the first plate is at a predetermined angle to the direction of extension of the intermediate plate unit on the intermediate plate.

35. The battery management chip of claim 34 wherein the second plate unit and the intermediate plate unit are strip-shaped and the direction of extension of the second plate unit on the second plate is at a predetermined angle to the direction of extension of the intermediate plate unit on the intermediate plate.

36. A battery management system comprising the battery management chip according to any one of claims 1 to 35, by which a change in the shape of a battery and a change in the water content around the battery are measured.