CN112708812A - 7XXX series aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
7XXX series aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112708812A CN112708812A CN202011509551.2A CN202011509551A CN112708812A CN 112708812 A CN112708812 A CN 112708812A CN 202011509551 A CN202011509551 A CN 202011509551A CN 112708812 A CN112708812 A CN 112708812A
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012856 weighed raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a 7XXX series aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof. The 7XXX series aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.9% -4.4% of zinc; 0.6-1.2% magnesium; 0.2% -0.7% manganese; 0.1% -0.25% chromium; less than or equal to 0.2% iron; 0.02% -0.15% titanium; 0.1% -0.2% zirconium; less than or equal to 0.2% copper; the balance being aluminum. The preparation method of the 7XXX series aluminum alloy comprises the following steps: weighing raw materials; smelting the raw materials until the raw materials are completely melted, and then refining the melted raw materials; standing the refined raw material, and performing online degassing and two-stage filtration on the raw material after standing; casting the raw material by adopting a hot-top horizontal casting process to form a bar stock; homogenizing the bar stock and cooling; preheating and extruding the formed bar stock, and cooling. By optimizing the components of the 7XXX series aluminum alloy, the method improves the capability of the alloy for precipitating a strengthening phase, thereby improving the strength of the product.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to an aluminum alloy, in particular to a 7XXX series aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of light weight and new energy automobiles, aluminum alloy materials are widely applied due to low density, high specific strength and good forming performance, and comprise 6063, 6060, 7003 and the like, and 7XXX series aluminum alloys are aluminum alloys taking Zn as main alloy elements, and are mainly used for manufacturing aluminum alloy products with high strength requirements due to high Zn content and high strength.
In the course of implementing the present application, the applicant has found that the prior art has at least the following problems:
the 7XXX series aluminum alloy in the prior art has lower tensile strength and cannot meet the requirements of the prior art, so that a 7XXX series aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof are urgently needed to prepare an aluminum alloy with higher tensile strength.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, embodiments of the present application provide a 7XXX series aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, a 7XXX series aluminum alloy is provided, the 7XXX series aluminum alloy comprising, in mass percent: 3.9% -4.4% of zinc; 0.6-1.2% magnesium; 0.2% -0.7% manganese; 0.1% -0.25% chromium; less than or equal to 0.2% iron; 0.02% -0.15% titanium; 0.1% -0.2% zirconium; less than or equal to 0.2% copper; the balance being aluminum.
In a first possible implementation form of the first aspect, the 7 XXX-series aluminum alloy further includes less than or equal to 0.01% by mass of silicon.
In a second possible implementation form of the first aspect, the 7 XXX-series aluminum alloy further includes, in mass percent, less than or equal to 0.05 of other elements.
In a second aspect, there is provided a method of making a 7XXX series aluminum alloy, comprising the steps of: weighing the raw materials according to the 7XXX series aluminum alloy in any one of the first aspect; smelting the raw materials until the raw materials are completely melted, and then refining the melted raw materials; standing the refined raw material, and performing online degassing and two-stage filtration on the raw material after standing; casting the raw material by adopting a hot-top horizontal casting process to form a bar stock; homogenizing the bar stock and cooling; preheating and extruding the formed bar stock, and cooling.
In a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the smelting temperature of the smelting raw material is 710-.
In a second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the refining temperature of the refining raw material is 740-760 ℃, and the refining time is 20-40 min.
In a third possible implementation of the second aspect, the time for standing the raw material is 15 to 30 min.
In a fourth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the casting speed of the casting raw material is 70-85mm/min, and the cooling water flow rate is 3500-.
In a fifth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the heating temperature of the homogenization treatment bar is 470-490 ℃, and the holding time is 3 h.
In a sixth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the preheating temperature of the preheated bar stock is 460-; the extrusion speed of the extrusion molding bar stock is 8.7-11.5m/min, and the extrusion ratio is 10-30.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages that:
according to the 7XXX series aluminum alloy and the preparation method thereof, the composition and homogenization process of the 7XXX series aluminum alloy are optimized, and parameters such as blank preheating and product cooling in the extrusion process are optimized, so that the capability of precipitating a strengthening phase from the alloy is improved, and the strength of the product is improved. Simultaneously this application still preheats the used equipment of casting through before the casting, toasts chute, deaerating tank, rose box, die disc etc. reduces temperature loss, has optimized the casting condition.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating the steps of a method of making a 7XXX aluminum alloy according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In an embodiment of the application, raw materials are weighed according to the mass percent of a 7XXX aluminum alloy, and the raw materials comprise, by mass percent, 3.9% -4.4% of zinc (Zn), 0.6% -1.2% of magnesium (Mg), 0.2% -0.7% of manganese (Mn), 0.1% -0.25% of chromium (Cr), less than or equal to 0.2% of iron (Fe), 0.02% -0.15% of titanium (Ti), 0.1% -0.2% of zirconium (Zr), less than or equal to 0.2% of copper (Cu), and the balance of aluminum (Al).
Please refer to fig. 1, which is a flow chart illustrating steps of a method for preparing a 7XXX aluminum alloy according to an embodiment of the present application. Preparation of 7XXX aluminum alloys, preparation method 1 of 7XXX aluminum alloys, from the above weighed raw materials, comprises the following steps 101 to 105, wherein:
And 103, casting and forming a bar stock. Electrically heating and baking the runner, the degassing box and the filter box mould disc, setting the electric heating temperature to 850 ℃, casting the raw materials into the mould by adopting a hot top horizontal casting process after baking to 740-780 ℃, setting the casting speed to be 70-85mm/min, specifically 70mm/min, 80mm/min or 85mm/min, setting the cooling water flow to be 3500-4500L/min, specifically 3500L/min, 4000L/min or 4500L/min, and forming the bar after cooling and solidifying.
And step 104, homogenizing the bar stock. The method comprises the following steps of carrying out homogenization treatment on the bar stock, setting the homogenization treatment temperature to be 470-490 ℃, specifically 470 ℃, 480 ℃ or 490 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, discharging the bar stock after the heat preservation is finished, and naturally cooling, so that the metallurgical quality and the extrusion performance of the bar stock can be improved.
And 105, extruding and forming a bar stock. Preheating a bar stock, setting the preheating temperature to be 460-480 ℃, specifically to be 460 ℃, 470 ℃ or 480 ℃, extruding through a die, setting the extrusion speed to be 8.7-11.5m/min, specifically to be 8.7m/min, 9.5m/min or 11.5m/min, setting the extrusion ratio to be 10-30, specifically to be 10, 20 or 30, and naturally cooling in the air after extruding and forming the bar stock.
In the preparation method 1 of the 7XXX aluminum alloy of the embodiment, the equipment used for casting is preheated before casting and the launder, the degassing tank, the filter box, the die disc and the like are baked, so that the temperature loss is reduced, the casting conditions are optimized, and meanwhile, the alloy precipitation strengthening phase capacity is improved by optimizing the components, the homogenization process, the blank preheating in the extrusion process, the product cooling and other parameters, so that the product strength is improved.
The beneficial effects of the aluminum alloys of the 7XXX series and the preparation method thereof will be further described in the following with reference to specific examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
1. Weighing raw materials according to the mass percent of the 7XXX aluminum alloy, wherein the raw materials comprise, by mass percent, 4% of Zn, 0.8% of Mg, 0.2% of Mn, 0.1% of Cr, 0.05% of Fe, 0.08% of Ti, 0.15% of Zr, 0.03% of Cu and the balance of Al.
2. Adding the weighed raw materials into a smelting furnace, and smelting and refining at 750 +/-5 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
3. electrically heating and baking the launder, the degassing box and the filter box mould disc, wherein the electric heating temperature is set to 850 ℃, when the temperature is baked to 740-;
4. performing a homogenization procedure, wherein the heating temperature is 470-480 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3h, and discharging from the furnace for natural cooling after the heat preservation is finished;
5. cutting the cast rod to a required length, preheating to 465 +/-5 ℃, extruding by a die, naturally cooling to room temperature, and standing for 72h, wherein the tensile strength can reach 280MPa, and the elongation can reach 11%.
Example 2
1. Weighing raw materials according to the mass percent of the 7XXX aluminum alloy, wherein the raw materials comprise, by mass percent, 4.1% of Zn, 1% of Mg, 0.3% of Mn, 0.13% of Cr, 0.08% of Fe, 0.1% of Ti, 0.1% of Zr, 0.03% of Cu and the balance of Al.
2. Adding the weighed raw materials into a smelting furnace, and smelting and refining at 750 +/-5 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
3. electrically heating and baking the launder, the degassing box and the filter box mould disc, wherein the electric heating temperature is set to 850 ℃, when the temperature is baked to 740-;
4. performing a homogenization procedure, wherein the heating temperature is 480-;
5. cutting the cast rod to a required length, preheating to 465 +/-5 ℃, extruding by a die, naturally cooling to room temperature, and standing for 72h, wherein the tensile strength can reach 290MPa, and the elongation can reach 10%.
Comparative example 1
1. Weighing raw materials according to the mass percent of the existing 7XXX aluminum alloy, wherein the raw materials comprise, by mass, 5.5% of Zn, 0.6% of Mg, 0.2% of Mn, 0.1% of Cr, 0.35% of Fe, 0.15% of Ti, 0.10% of Zr, 0.10% of Cu and the balance of Al.
2. Adding the weighed raw materials into a smelting furnace, and smelting and refining at 750 +/-5 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
3. electrically heating and baking the launder, the degassing box and the filter box mould disc, wherein the electric heating temperature is set to 850 ℃, when the temperature is baked to 740-;
4. performing a homogenization procedure, wherein the heating temperature is 470-480 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3h, and discharging from the furnace for natural cooling after the heat preservation is finished;
5. cutting the cast rod to a required length, preheating to 465 +/-5 ℃, extruding by a die, naturally cooling to room temperature, and standing for 72 hours, wherein the tensile strength can reach 200 MPa.
Comparative example 2
1. Weighing raw materials according to the mass percent of the existing 7XXX aluminum alloy, wherein the raw materials comprise, by mass, 5.45% of Zn, 2.35% of Mg, 0.1% of Mn, 0.2% of Cr, 0.1% of Fe, 0.05% of Ti, 1.3% of Cu and the balance of Al.
2. Adding the weighed raw materials into a smelting furnace, and smelting and refining at 750 +/-5 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
3. electrically heating and baking the launder, the degassing box and the filter box mould disc, wherein the electric heating temperature is set to 850 ℃, when the temperature is baked to 740-;
4. performing a homogenization procedure, wherein the heating temperature is 480-;
5. cutting the cast rod to a required length, preheating to 465 +/-5 ℃, extruding by a die, naturally cooling to room temperature, and standing for 72 hours, wherein the tensile strength can reach 250 MPa.
According to the comparison of the tensile strength data of the 7XXX aluminum alloy and the aluminum alloy cast rod prepared by the preparation method of the 7XXX aluminum alloy, which are disclosed by the application, with the tensile strength data of the comparative examples 1 and 2, the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy cast rod after being placed for a period of time after being extruded by a die can reach more than 280MPa, and under the same condition, the strength of the aluminum alloy cast rod is much higher than that of other 7 series aluminum alloys, and the elongation of the product after the aluminum alloy cast rod is extruded by the die can reach more than 10%.
In summary, the application provides a 7XXX series aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof, which improve the capability of the alloy to precipitate a strengthening phase by optimizing the components and homogenization process of the 7XXX series aluminum alloy, and parameters of blank preheating, product cooling and the like in the extrusion process, thereby improving the strength of the product. Simultaneously this application still preheats the used equipment of casting through before the casting, toasts chute, deaerating tank, rose box, die disc etc. reduces temperature loss, has optimized the casting condition.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
While the present embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise embodiments described above, which are meant to be illustrative and not restrictive, and that various changes may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A7 XXX series aluminium alloy, characterized in that, the 7XXX series aluminium alloy comprises the following components by mass percent:
3.9% -4.4% of zinc;
0.6-1.2% magnesium;
0.2% -0.7% manganese;
0.1% -0.25% chromium;
less than or equal to 0.2% iron;
0.02% -0.15% titanium;
0.1% -0.2% zirconium;
less than or equal to 0.2% copper;
the balance being aluminum.
2. The 7XXX series aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein the 7XXX series aluminum alloy further includes less than or equal to 0.01% by weight silicon.
3. The 7XXX series aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein the 7XXX series aluminum alloy further includes, in mass percent, less than or equal to 0.05 additional elements.
4. A method for preparing a 7XXX series aluminum alloy, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
weighing the 7XXX series aluminum alloy of any of claims 1-3 as defined above;
smelting the raw materials until the raw materials are completely molten, and then refining the molten raw materials;
standing the refined raw material, and performing online degassing and two-stage filtration on the raw material after standing;
casting the raw material by adopting a hot-top horizontal casting process to form a bar stock;
homogenizing the bar stock, and cooling;
preheating and extruding the bar stock, and cooling.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the melting temperature of the raw materials is 710-750 ℃.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the refining temperature for refining the feedstock is 740-760 ℃ and the refining time is 20-40 min.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the time for allowing the feedstock to stand is 15-30 min.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the raw material is cast at a casting speed of 70-85mm/min and the cooling water flow rate is 3500-4500L/min.
9. The method of claim 4, wherein the heating temperature of the homogenized bar stock is 470-490 ℃ and the holding time is 3 hours.
10. The method of claim 4, wherein the preheating temperature for preheating the bar stock is 460-480 ℃; the extrusion speed of the bar stock for extrusion molding is 8.7-11.5m/min, and the extrusion ratio is 10-30.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115449676A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2022-12-09 | 江苏亚太轻合金科技股份有限公司 | Die-casting Al-Zn-Mg-Mn aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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