CN112703879B - An onion harvesting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an onion harvesting device, which comprises a vehicle body, wherein a push shovel mechanism is arranged on the vehicle body, a screening device and a conveying mechanism are arranged behind the push shovel mechanism, a collecting device connected with the conveying mechanism is arranged behind the vehicle body, and a leaf collecting and aligning device, a leaf cutting device and a leaf collecting device which are used for collecting onion leaves in the same direction are arranged at the front part of the push shovel mechanism; the invention can gather and cut the unordered onion leaves during harvesting, is beneficial to screening and collecting onions by a subsequent screening device, and effectively saves manpower resources.

Description

An onion harvesting device

technical field

The invention relates to an onion harvesting device, which belongs to the field of onion harvesting tools.

Background technique

my country's onion planting area ranks first in the world, and the export rate accounts for 43% of the world's total. Although my country's onion planting area is relatively large, most areas still harvest onions manually, which is time-consuming and laborious.

Although traditional harvesting machines can collect onions, they generally harvest the onion leaves manually and then harvest them through the push shovel mechanism, or collect the onions and leaves at the same time, which will undoubtedly increase the difficulty of subsequent screening. Whether it is cutting the leaves at the front end of harvesting or processing the leaves after harvesting, it will increase the burden on farmers; the leaves of mature onions are generally lying on the ground and scattered in all directions irregularly, which makes it difficult to cut leaves with equipment increase.

That is: there is a need for an onion harvesting device, which can gather and cut disordered onion leaves during harvesting, which is beneficial to the screening and collection of onions by subsequent screening devices, and effectively saves human resources.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an onion harvesting device, which can gather and cut disordered onion leaves during harvesting, which is beneficial to the screening and collection of onions by subsequent screening devices, effectively saving human resources; There are technical deficiencies.

The technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of onion harvesting device, it comprises car body, is provided with pushing shovel mechanism on car body, is provided with screening device and conveying mechanism after pushing shovel mechanism, is provided with and conveying mechanism behind car body. Mechanisms are connected to the collecting device, and the front part of the pushing and shoveling mechanism is provided with a leaf gathering and straightening device, a leaf cutting device and a leaf collecting device for gathering the onion leaves to the same orientation.

The front part of the above-mentioned pushing and shoveling mechanism is provided with a mounting frame, and the described leaf folding and straightening device, leaf cutting device and leaf collecting device are all installed on the mounting frame.

The above-mentioned installation frame includes a horizontal frame, and vertical splints are arranged at both ends of the horizontal frame, and the vertical splints are movably connected with the push-shovel mechanism.

The left and right side plates at the front part of the dozing mechanism are provided with a plurality of screw holes from top to bottom, and the vertical splints are connected with threaded nuts on the left and right side plates at the front part of the dozing mechanism.

The above-mentioned leaf folding and straightening device includes the motor I fixed on the mounting frame, and the motor I is connected with the worm facing left and right of the car body; the turbines meshing with the worm are evenly distributed on the mounting frame, and the rotating shaft of the turbine I is fixed by the bearing I On the mounting frame, a horizontal bracket is fixed at the lower end of the rotating shaft I, a through hole is arranged at the end of the horizontal bracket, a vertical guide rod is installed on the through hole, and a vertical guide rod is installed at the lower end and upper end of the vertical guide rod respectively The brush and the universal roller are provided with a spring in a compressed state between the universal roller and the transverse support, and a guide plate is fixed on the lower surface of the mounting frame above the vertical guide rod, and the guide plate is composed of three quarters of the horizontal The arc plate and a quarter of the upward inclined arc plate are composed of a circular guide groove with a smooth transition on the lower surface of the horizontal arc plate and the upward inclined arc plate, and the universal roller is located in the circular guide groove Inside, during installation, the upper inclined arc plates are uniformly facing the side of the onion seam.

The above-mentioned leaf cutting device includes a mounting plate, on which there is a round through hole facing the left and right sides of the car body, on which a vertically downward mounting rod is movably fixed, and a cutter is fixed at the lower end of the mounting rod. The steering device of the cutter is arranged on the mounting rod.

The above-mentioned steering device includes a bearing fixing groove provided at the lower end of the installation rod, a bearing II is installed in the bearing fixing groove, a rotating shaft II is fixed on the bearing II, a limit block is arranged on the rotating shaft II, and a bearing is arranged on the bearing fixing groove. There is a limit hole to limit the rotation angle of the rotating shaft II; the cutter is fixed on the rotating shaft II through bolts and nuts, and an arc-shaped guide plate is arranged on the front side of the cutter, and the upper end of the arc-shaped guide plate is fixed on the rotating shaft II.

The aforementioned leaf collecting device includes a motor II and a screw mandrel on the mounting frame, a slider on the screw mandrel, and a vertically downward flexible brush plate fixed on the slider.

Compared with the prior art, the onion harvesting device of the present invention comprises a car body, on which a shovel mechanism is provided, after the shovel mechanism, a screening device and a conveying mechanism are provided, and a conveying mechanism is provided behind the car body. The connected collecting device is provided with a leaf gathering and straightening device, a leaf cutting device and a leaf collecting device for gathering the onion leaves to the same orientation at the front part of the pushing blade mechanism; The sequential onion leaves are gathered in the same direction to facilitate the cutting by the leaf cutting device; at the same time, the cut leaves can be taken away by the leaf collecting device, which is beneficial to the screening and collection of onions by the subsequent screening device.

The front portion of the dozer mechanism is provided with a mounting frame, and the described leaf folding orienting device, leaf cutting device and leaf collecting device are all installed on the mounting frame; The change is small, which is conducive to modification;

The mounting frame includes a horizontal frame, and vertical splints are arranged at both ends of the horizontal frame, which can facilitate the forward or reverse installation of the mounting frame;

The vertical splint is movably connected with the pusher mechanism; the left and right side plates at the front of the pusher mechanism are provided with a plurality of screw holes from top to bottom, and the vertical splint is connected with the threaded nuts on the left and right side plates at the front portion of the pusher mechanism. Connection, such a structure is convenient for loading and unloading of the mounting frame. At the same time, there are multiple screw holes that are conducive to adjusting the height of the mounting frame according to the needs of the actual terrain, so as to realize the leaf folding and straightening device, leaf cutting device and leaf collection. Adjustment of device height;

The leaf folding and straightening device includes a motor I fixed on the mounting frame, and the motor I is connected with the worm facing left and right of the car body; the turbines meshing with the worm are evenly distributed on the mounting frame, and the rotating shaft I of the turbine passes through the bearing I It is fixed on the installation frame, and the lower end of the rotating shaft I is provided with a fixed horizontal bracket, and a through hole is arranged at the end of the horizontal bracket, and a vertical guide rod is installed on the through hole, and the lower end and the upper end of the vertical guide rod are respectively provided with There are brushes and universal rollers, a spring in a compressed state is arranged between the universal rollers and the horizontal support, and a guide plate is fixed on the lower surface of the mounting frame above the vertical guide rod, and the guide plate consists of three-quarters The horizontal arc plate and a quarter of the upward inclined arc plate are composed of a circular guide groove with a smooth transition on the lower surface of the horizontal arc plate and the upward inclined arc plate, and the universal roller is located on the circular guide In the groove, when installed, the upwardly inclined circular arc plate is uniformly facing the side of the onion seam. In this structure, the turbine drives the rotation of the shaft I, and the vertical guide rod on the horizontal bracket rotates accordingly. Under the action of the spring and the circular guide groove, in the horizontal circular arc plate section, the brush at the lower end of the vertical guide rod extends downward to scrape the onion leaves, and the onion leaves are folded upwards in the direction of the circular arc plate, and then the vertical guide rod After the rod rotates to the circular guide groove of the upward inclined arc plate section, it shrinks upwards, so as to realize that the folded leaves stay in the same orientation section, that is, the position between the rows of onions; in this way, the onions in one orientation are unified The leaves are beneficial to the cutting of the subsequent cutters. Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the leaves after the leaves are folded and aligned by the device of the present invention. When cutting, cut along the dotted line position;

The leaf cutting device includes a mounting plate, on which there is a waist-round through hole facing left and right of the car body, a vertically downward mounting rod is movable and fixed on the waist-round through hole, and a cutter is fixed at the lower end of the mounting rod. There is a steering device for the cutter on the installation rod, so that the cutter passes through the middle of the row seam to cut the gathered onion leaves; the height of the cutter can also be adjusted according to the needs by adjusting the height of the installation rod; at the same time, it can be passed Adjust the position of the fixed cutter through the waist hole to meet the needs of different onion row spacing;

The steering device includes a bearing fixing groove provided at the lower end of the installation rod, a bearing II is installed in the bearing fixing groove, a rotating shaft II is fixed on the bearing II, a limit block is arranged on the rotating shaft II, and on the bearing fixing groove A limit hole is provided to limit the rotation angle of the rotating shaft II; the cutter is fixed on the rotating shaft II through bolts and nuts, and an arc-shaped guide plate is arranged on the front side of the cutter, and the upper end of the arc-shaped guide plate is fixed on the rotating shaft II. With such a structure, when the cutter is cutting forward, if the onion body encounters or rubs against the side of the onion in the forward direction, the arc-shaped guide plate will first touch the side of the onion, thereby driving the rotation of the rotating shaft II, thereby realizing the cutter. Deviation to avoid damage to onions;

The leaf collection device includes a motor II and a screw rod on the mounting frame, a slider on the screw rod, and a vertically downward flexible brush plate fixed on the slider. Such a structure, through the screw rod The sliding of the upper slider can drive the flexible brush plate to gather the cut onion leaves to the aisles on the left and right sides.

Description of drawings

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention from another angle.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the leaf folding and straightening device, the leaf folding and straightening device and the leaf cutting device of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the turbine of the blade folding and straightening device of the present invention and its connection structure.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the turbine of the blade folding and straightening device of the present invention and its connection structure.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the turbine of the blade folding and straightening device of the present invention and another angle connection structure thereon.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the leaf cutting device of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure on the mounting rod of the leaf cutting device of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a half sectional view of Fig. 9 .

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the connection structure at another angle on the mounting rod of the leaf cutting device of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the connection structure in the state of Fig. 4 without the leaf cutting device.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the leaves after being folded by the leaf folding and aligning device of the present invention.

Among them, car body 1; pusher mechanism 2; conveying mechanism 3; collecting device 4; leaf folding and straightening device 5; motor I501; worm 502; 507; Hair brush 508; Universal roller 509; Spring 510; Guide plate 511; Circular guide groove 512; Leaf cutting device 6; Bearing Ⅱ606; rotating shaft Ⅱ607; limit block 608; limit hole 609; arc guide plate 610; leaf collecting device 7; motor Ⅱ701; .

Detailed ways

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, but not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1. As shown in Figure 1, a kind of onion harvesting device, it comprises car body 1, is provided with push shovel mechanism 2 on car body 1, is provided with screening device and delivery mechanism 3 after push shovel mechanism 2, Behind the car body 1, a collection device 4 connected to the conveying mechanism 3 is provided, and a leaf gathering and straightening device 5, a leaf cutting device 6, and a leaf collecting device 5, a leaf cutting device 6, and a leaf collecting device are provided at the front of the pusher mechanism 2 to gather the onion leaves in the same direction. device7.

A mounting frame 8 is provided on the front portion of the dozing mechanism 2, and the described leaf folding and straightening device 5, the leaf cutting device 6 and the leaf collecting device 7 are all installed on the mounting frame 8; the described mounting frame 8 includes a horizontal frame , both ends of the horizontal frame are provided with vertical splints 9, and the vertical splints 9 are flexibly connected with the pusher mechanism 2; the left and right side plates at the front of the pusher mechanism 2 are provided with a plurality of screw holes from top to bottom , the vertical splint 9 is connected with the left and right side plate threaded nuts at the front part of the pusher mechanism 2 .

The leaf folding and straightening device 5 includes a motor I501 fixed on the mounting frame 8, and the motor I501 is connected to the worm 502 facing left and right of the vehicle body 1; the mounting frame 8 is evenly provided with turbines 503 that mesh with the worm 502, The rotating shaft I 504 of the turbine 503 is fixed on the mounting frame 8 through the bearing I, and the lower end of the rotating shaft I 504 is provided with a horizontal support 505, and the end of the horizontal support 505 is provided with a through hole 506, and a vertical guide is installed on the through hole 506. Rod 507, the lower end and the upper end of vertical guide rod 507 are provided with hairbrush 508 and universal roller 509 respectively, between universal roller 509 and transverse support 505, be provided with the spring 510 under compression, in vertical guide The lower surface of the mounting frame 8 above the bar 507 is fixed with a guide plate 511, and the guide plate 511 is made up of three-quarters of a horizontal arc plate and a quarter of an upper inclined arc plate. The lower surface of the arc plate is provided with a circular guide groove 512 with a smooth transition, and the universal roller 509 is located in the circular guide groove 512. When installed, the upper inclined arc plate is uniformly facing the side of the onion seam, so Described leaf gathers up orienting device 5 and can be arranged side by side a plurality of, to promote the gather efficiency of onion leaf.

The leaf cutting device 6 includes a mounting plate 601, on the mounting plate 601 is provided with a waist circle through hole 602 towards the left and right of the car body 1, on the waist circle through hole 602, a vertically downward mounting rod 603 is movable and fixed, and the mounting rod 603 The upper part is provided with threads, and the mounting rod 603 is movable and fixed on the mounting plate 601 through nuts; the lower end of the mounting rod 603 is fixed with a cutter 604, and the steering device of the cutter 604 is provided on the mounting rod 603; the steering device Including the bearing fixing groove 605 provided at the lower end of the installation rod 603, the bearing II 606 is installed in the bearing fixing groove 605, the rotating shaft II 607 is fixed on the bearing II 606, the limit block 608 is arranged on the rotating shaft II 607, and the bearing fixing groove 605 There is a limiting hole 609 for limiting the rotation angle of the rotating shaft II 607, and the rotating shaft II 607 can rotate 15-60° under the cooperation of the limiting hole 609 and the limiting block 608; the cutter 604 is fixed on the rotating shaft II 607 by bolts and nuts , an arc-shaped guide plate 610 is provided on the front side of the cutter 604, and the upper end of the arc-shaped guide plate 610 is fixed on the rotating shaft II 607.

The leaf collection device 7 includes a motor II 701 and a screw mandrel 702 on the mounting frame 8, a slider 703 is arranged on the screw mandrel 702, and a vertically downward flexible brush plate 704 is fixed on the slider 703; In this way, the sliding of the slider 703 on the screw rod 702 can drive the flexible brush plate 704 to gather the cut onion leaves to the left and right sides. Finally, most of the leaves have been cut into several sections, which will not affect the subsequent onion screening; and the leaf collection device 7 can take away uncut long leaves and partial segmental leaves, which is conducive to improving the screening efficiency.

When in use, the leaves of the onion can be gathered, oriented, cut and collected in a unified manner, and then harvested by the shovel mechanism 2; In terms of mechanism, as shown in Figure 1, when the leaves of the onion are folded up, cut and collected, the car body 1 walks backwards, which is helpful for the driver to observe the cutting effect and whether it deviates from the direction of travel, so as to adjust the direction in time. The leaves are then harvested by the shovel mechanism 2; the leaves of the onion can also be gathered and aligned, cut, collected and harvested at the same time. On the front side, the rear side cuts, leaves collects and harvests onions respectively by leaf cutting device 6, leaf collecting device 7 and push shovel mechanism 2, can improve work efficiency like this; The lower end of 508 is positioned at the maximum diameter of the onion up and down, and the lower end of the cutter 604 of the leaf cutting device 6 is tangent to the ground up and down; the lower end of the flexible brush plate 704 of the leaf collecting device 7 contacts the ground up and down.

Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements, without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution, should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An onion harvesting device, which comprises a car body (1), is provided with a pusher mechanism (2) on the car body (1), and is provided with a screening device and a conveying mechanism (3) after the pusher mechanism (2) ), behind the car body (1), there is a collection device (4) connected to the conveying mechanism (3), which is characterized in that: at the front of the pushing mechanism (2), there is a device for gathering the onion leaves to the same orientation. The leaf folding and straightening device (5), the leaf cutting device (6) and the leaf collecting device (7); the leaf folding and straightening device (5) includes a motor I (501) fixed on the mounting frame (8), The motor I (501) is connected to the worm (502) facing left and right of the car body (1); the worm (503) meshing with the worm (502) is evenly distributed on the installation frame (8), and the rotating shaft I of the worm (503) (504) is fixed on the mounting frame (8) through the bearing I, and a horizontal bracket (505) is fixed at the lower end of the rotating shaft I (504), and a through hole (506) is provided at the end of the horizontal bracket (505). A vertical guide rod (507) is installed on the through hole (506), and a brush (508) and a universal roller (509) are respectively provided at the lower end and the upper end of the vertical guide rod (507). ) and the transverse bracket (505) are provided with a spring (510) under compression, and a guide plate (511) is fixed on the lower surface of the mounting frame (8) above the vertical guide rod (507), and the guide plate (511 ) is composed of three quarters of the horizontal arc plate and one quarter of the upward inclined arc plate, and a round guide groove (512) with a smooth transition is provided on the lower surface of the horizontal arc plate and the upward inclined arc plate , the universal roller (509) is located in the circular guide groove (512), and when installed, the upper inclined arc plate is uniformly facing the side of the onion seam. 2. The onion harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a mounting frame (8) is provided at the front of the pusher mechanism (2), the leaf folding and straightening device (5), the leaf cutting device (6) and the leaf collection device (7) are all installed on the mounting frame (8). 3. The onion harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the mounting frame (8) includes a horizontal frame, and vertical splints (9) are arranged at both ends of the horizontal frame, and the vertical splints (9) is movably connected with the pusher mechanism (2). 4. The onion harvesting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: there are a plurality of screw holes from top to bottom on the left and right side plates at the front of the pusher mechanism (2), and the vertical splint (9) and The left and right side panels at the front of the dozer mechanism (2) are connected with threaded nuts. 5. The onion harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the leaf cutting device (6) includes a mounting plate (601), and the mounting plate (601) is provided with a waist facing left and right of the vehicle body (1). A round through hole (602), a vertically downward mounting rod (603) is movably fixed on the waist round through hole (602), and a cutter (604) is fixed at the lower end of the mounting rod (603). The turning device that is provided with cutting knife (604) on it. 6. The onion harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the steering device includes a bearing fixing groove (605) provided at the lower end of the installation rod (603), and a bearing is installed in the bearing fixing groove (605). Bearing II (606), the shaft II (607) is fixed on the bearing II (606), the limit block (608) is arranged on the shaft II (607), and the limit shaft II ( 607) A limit hole (609) for the rotation angle; the cutter (604) is fixed on the rotating shaft II (607) by bolts and nuts, and an arc-shaped guide plate (610) is provided on the front side of the cutter (604), The upper end of the arc-shaped guide plate (610) is fixed on the rotating shaft II (607). 7. The onion harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the leaf collecting device (7) includes a motor II (701) and a screw rod (702) on the mounting frame (8), and the A slider (703) is provided on the rod (702), and a vertically downward flexible brush plate (704) is fixed on the slider (703).

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