CN112697633A - Portable particle standard monitor adopting oscillating balance method and monitoring method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a portable particle standard monitor by a vibration balance method and a monitoring method. The device comprises a divider, a flow divider, a plurality of sample gas dryers and a host which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the flow divider is connected with a host machine after passing through the manual sampling weighing unit, and the host machine is connected with an air pump. Therefore, the invention has the following advantages: 1) based on the principle of micro-oscillating balance mass measurement. The micro-oscillation balance method is a classical micro-mass measurement method, has high detection sensitivity and is not influenced by the form, density and components of particles. 2) Based on the volatility compensation technology of the sampling filter membrane. By compensation, the influence of the sample gas humidity on the measurement of the particulate matter concentration is eliminated. 3) Based on the dual-channel time-sharing alternate working mode, full-time continuous measurement is realized. 4) The auxiliary flow channel can be used for realizing homologous and synchronous manual sampling and weighing, so that the concentration data measured by the instrument is traceable and can be found out according to the source and the basis, and more convincing.

Description

Portable particle standard monitor adopting oscillating balance method and monitoring method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a monitor and a monitoring method, in particular to a portable particle standard monitor by an oscillating balance method and a monitoring method.

Background

At present, the national monitoring of the concentration of particulate matters begins, nearly ten thousand automatic ambient air monitoring sites exist, and the used particulate matter monitoring equipment is divided into a pump beta-ray method and an oscillating balance method according to the principle; the instruments of the type run continuously and automatically for a long time, are influenced by environmental factors, sensor signal drift, operation maintenance and the like, the accuracy of concentration measurement is different, and in order to ensure the accuracy of particulate matter measurement in the atmospheric environment of each station, the data of the automatic monitor needs to be compared and calibrated by a classical manual sampling weighing method. Due to the fact that the number of stations is large, the manual sampling weighing method has the problems that manual sampling is complex, weighing operation is complex, and a sampling filter membrane is inconvenient to store and transport, a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed, and the error rate is high.

The principle of portable particle monitors mainly includes a light scattering method and a β -ray method. The two methods are indirect mass measurement methods, wherein the light scattering method has the advantages of small instrument volume, light weight, high particle measurement sensitivity, quick response, large influence by humidity, particle shape, density and components and low concentration data accuracy. The main principle of the beta-ray method is thickness measurement, so that the method is greatly influenced by humidity, particle form, density and components, and a certain potential safety hazard exists due to the use of a radioactive source with radiation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly solves the technical problems existing in the prior art; the portable instrument based on the principle of micro-oscillation balance mass measurement is used as an equivalent method of a manual sampling weighing method, is used for comparing and calibrating data of a field instrument, and has the advantages of accurate and reliable data, traceability, convenience in carrying of the instrument and simplicity and quickness in operation.

The technical problem of the invention is mainly solved by the following technical scheme:

a portable oscillation balance method particle standard monitor is characterized by comprising a divider, a current divider, a plurality of sample gas dryers and a host which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the flow divider is connected with a host machine after passing through the manual sampling weighing unit, and the host machine is connected with an air pump.

In the portable particle standard monitor adopting the oscillating balance method, two channel systems are arranged in the host, namely a channel system I and a channel system II; the channel system is the same as the channel system II in structure and comprises a light scattering sensor, a three-channel electric valve, a mass detector, a flow sensor and a flow control valve which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the flow control valve is connected with the air pump through a connecting pipe; and the three-channel electric valve is connected with the mass detector through the zero gas filter.

In the portable particle standard monitor adopting the oscillating balance method, the shunt is connected with the manual sampling weighing unit through the auxiliary road measuring channel and then is connected with the auxiliary road inlet interface of the host machine.

The portable oscillation balance method particle standard monitor comprises at least two sample gas dryers, namely a sample gas dryer I and a sample gas dryer II; the flow divider is connected with the first sample gas drier and then connected with a channel interface of the host; and the splitter is connected with a second channel interface of the host machine after being connected with the second sample gas dryer.

A monitoring method of a particle standard monitor by adopting a portable oscillating balance method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, ambient air passes through a PM10 sampling divider at a flow rate of 16.67L/min and is cut into PM10 particulate matters.

Step 2, when measuring PM10, connecting a PM10 sampling divider to the flow divider, and when measuring a PM2.5 or PM1.0 cutter, connecting the PM2.5 or PM1.0 cutter between a PM10 sampling inlet and the flow divider;

step 4, when the sampling air flow passes through the flow divider, the sampling air flow is divided into a first channel with the flow rate of 3L/min, a second channel with the flow rate of 3L/min and a subsidiary road with the flow rate of 10.67L/min;

step 5, when the manual sampling weighing function is used, connecting pipelines from the auxiliary road measuring channel to the manual sampling weighing unit, and then connecting the air outlet channel of the manual sampling weighing unit to the inlet interface of the auxiliary road of the host computer;

step 6, the first channel and the first channel are respectively connected to the moisture inlets of the respective sample gas dryers by using special connecting pipes, and then respectively enter the first channel interface and the second channel interface of the host machine from the outlets of the respective sample gas dryers;

step 7, enabling the sampling gas of the first channel and the sampling gas of the second channel to flow through the light scattering sensor and the three-channel electric valve of each channel respectively after entering the host;

in the measuring process, the first channel firstly works in the state A, namely directly enters the quality detector after passing through the three-channel electric valve, then sequentially passes through the flow sensor and the flow control valve, then enters the back flushing inlet of the sample gas dryer, and flows into the air suction pump from the back flushing outlet of the sample gas dryer.

The first channel firstly works in the state A and the second channel works in the state B, namely the first channel firstly enters the zero-gas filter after passing through the three-channel electric valve, then enters the quality detector, then sequentially passes through the flow sensor and the flow control valve, then enters the back-blowing inlet of the sample gas dryer, and flows into the air pump from the back-blowing outlet of the sample gas dryer.

Step 8, after working for 6 to 30 minutes in the step 7, the first channel and the second channel are changed to work in the state B, the second channel works in the state A, after working for 6 to 30 minutes in the same way, the state is changed to the state in the step 7, and the steps 7 and 8 are repeated to carry out the alternate work of the first channel and the second channel;

and 9, when the data of the weighing scale needs to be manually sampled, automatically recording the set manual sampling start time, the set sampling volume and the set manual sampling end time, and controlling the sampling switching valve according to the set mode.

Therefore, the invention has the following advantages: 1) based on the principle of micro-oscillating balance mass measurement. The micro-oscillation balance method is a classical micro-mass measurement method, has high detection sensitivity and is not influenced by the form, density and components of particles. 2) Based on the volatility compensation technology of the sampling filter membrane. By compensation, the influence of the sample gas humidity on the measurement of the particulate matter concentration is eliminated. 3) Based on the dual-channel time-sharing alternate working mode, full-time continuous measurement is realized. 4) The auxiliary flow channel can be used for realizing homologous and synchronous manual sampling and weighing, so that the concentration data measured by the instrument is traceable and can be found out according to the source and the basis, and more convincing.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the operation of state A of channel one in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the operation of state B of channel two in the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Example (b):

the instrument comprises the following components:

1) the total gas path composition is as follows: PM10 sampling inlet, PM2.5 or PM1.0 cutter, flow divider, manual sampling and weighing unit, sample gas drier, main unit, light scattering sensor, electrically operated valve with three channels, zero air filter, and air filter,

A quality detector,

A flow sensor,

A flow control valve,

The air pump and the connecting pipeline;

2) wherein, the sampling inlet of PM10 is an impact cutter of 16.67L/min;

3) wherein the PM2.5 or PM1.0 cutter is a cyclone cutter of 16.67L/min;

4) wherein the splitter divides the total flow 16.67L/min into two 3L/min and one 10.67L/min.

5) Wherein the manual sampling weighing unit consists of a semi-automatic membrane changer and two three-way electric ball valves.

6) Wherein, the sample gas dryer is a gas dryer which is designed by using a Nafion membrane and is used for less than 5L/min;

7) wherein the host comprises a positive light scattering sensor, a three-channel electric valve, a zero air filter,

A quality detector,

A flow sensor,

Flow control valves and filters, control circuit boards, display screens and the like;

8) wherein

The air pump is an alternating current vacuum diaphragm air pump;

the working principle is as follows:

1) ambient air was passed through the phi PM10 sampling inlet at a flow rate of 16.67L/min and was cut into PM10 particulate matter.

2) When measuring PM10, connecting (r) PM10 sampling inlet to (r) splitter;

3) when measuring PM2.5 or PM1.0 cutters, connecting the PM2.5 or PM1.0 cutters between the sampling inlet of the PM10 and the splitter;

4) when the sampling gas flows through the flow divider, the sampling gas is divided into a channel 1 for measuring the flow rate of 3L/min, a channel 2 for measuring the flow rate of 3L/min and an auxiliary road measuring channel of 10.67L/min;

5) when the manual sampling and weighing function is used, the connecting pipeline is connected to the host auxiliary road inlet interface from the auxiliary road measuring channel to the manual sampling and weighing unit and then from the air outlet channel of the manual sampling and weighing unit to the host auxiliary road inlet interface;

6) the channel 1 and the channel 2 are respectively connected to the moisture inlets of the respective sample gas dryers by using special connecting pipes, and then respectively enter the interfaces of the channel 1 and the channel 2 of the main machine from the outlets of the respective sample gas dryers;

7) the sampled gas of the channel 1 and the sampled gas of the channel 2 enter a host and then respectively flow through a light scattering sensor and an electric valve of three channels of the host; in the measuring process, the channel 1 firstly works in the A state, namely directly enters after passing through the three-channel electric valve

Quality ofThe detector then passes through in sequence

Flow sensor and

the flow control valve enters the back-blowing inlet of the sample gas drier and flows into the back-blowing outlet of the sample gas drier

An air pump. While channel 2 is in B state, i.e. after passing through electric valve with ninthly three channels, it enters into zero-air filter in R

A mass detector, then sequentially passing through

Flow sensor and

the flow control valve enters the back-blowing inlet of the sample gas drier and flows into the back-blowing outlet of the sample gas drier

An air pump.

8) After the channel 1 and the channel 2 work for 6 to 30 minutes as above, under the control of a program, the state is changed to the state when the channel 1 works in the state B, the channel 2 works in the state A, and after the same works for 6 to 30 minutes, the state is changed to the state in the time of 7); the channel 1 and the channel 2 work alternately;

9) when the data of the weighing scale needs to be manually sampled, a manual sampling function is started in an instrument operation interface, the instrument automatically records the set start time, sampling volume and end time of the manual sampling, and the sampling switching valve can be controlled according to the set mode.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. A portable oscillation balance method particle standard monitor is characterized by comprising a divider, a current divider, a plurality of sample gas dryers and a host which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the flow divider is connected with a host machine after passing through the manual sampling weighing unit, and the host machine is connected with an air pump.

2. The portable particle standard monitor of claim 1, wherein the main machine is provided with two channel systems, namely a first channel system and a second channel system; the channel system is the same as the channel system II in structure and comprises a light scattering sensor, a three-channel electric valve, a mass detector, a flow sensor and a flow control valve which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the flow control valve is connected with the air pump through a connecting pipe; and the three-channel electric valve is connected with the mass detector through the zero gas filter.

3. The portable particle standard monitor according to claim 1, wherein the splitter is connected to the manual sampling and weighing unit via a secondary measurement channel and then connected to a secondary inlet interface of the host computer.

4. The portable particle standard monitor according to claim 1, comprising at least two sample gas dryers, namely a first sample gas dryer and a second sample gas dryer; the flow divider is connected with the first sample gas drier and then connected with a channel interface of the host; and the splitter is connected with a second channel interface of the host machine after being connected with the second sample gas dryer.

5. A method of monitoring using the portable oscillating balance-based particle standard monitor of claim 1, comprising:

step 1, cutting ambient air into PM10 particulate matters through a PM10 sampling divider at a flow rate of 16.67L/min;

step 2, when measuring PM10, connecting a PM10 sampling divider to the flow divider, and when measuring a PM2.5 or PM1.0 cutter, connecting the PM2.5 or PM1.0 cutter between a PM10 sampling inlet and the flow divider;

step 4, when the sampling air flow passes through the flow divider, the sampling air flow is divided into a first channel with the flow rate of 3L/min, a second channel with the flow rate of 3L/min and a subsidiary road with the flow rate of 10.67L/min;

step 5, when the manual sampling weighing function is used, connecting pipelines from the auxiliary road measuring channel to the manual sampling weighing unit, and then connecting the air outlet channel of the manual sampling weighing unit to the inlet interface of the auxiliary road of the host computer;

step 6, the first channel and the first channel are respectively connected to the moisture inlets of the respective sample gas dryers by using special connecting pipes, and then respectively enter the first channel interface and the second channel interface of the host machine from the outlets of the respective sample gas dryers;

step 7, enabling the sampling gas of the first channel and the sampling gas of the second channel to flow through the light scattering sensor and the three-channel electric valve of each channel respectively after entering the host;

in the measuring process, the first channel works in the state A at first, namely directly enters the quality detector after passing through the three-channel electric valve, then sequentially passes through the flow sensor and the flow control valve, then enters the back flushing inlet of the sample gas dryer, and flows into the air suction pump from the back flushing outlet of the sample gas dryer;

the first channel firstly works in the state A and the second channel works in the state B, namely the first channel firstly enters a zero gas filter after passing through a three-channel electric valve, then enters a quality detector, then sequentially passes through a flow sensor and a flow control valve, then enters a back flushing inlet of a sample gas dryer, and flows into an air pump from a back flushing outlet of the sample gas dryer;

step 8, after working for 6 to 30 minutes in the step 7, the first channel and the second channel are changed to work in the state B, the second channel works in the state A, after working for 6 to 30 minutes in the same way, the state is changed to the state in the step 7, and the steps 7 and 8 are repeated to carry out the alternate work of the first channel and the second channel;

and 9, when the data of the weighing scale needs to be manually sampled, automatically recording the set manual sampling start time, the set sampling volume and the set manual sampling end time, and controlling the sampling switching valve according to the set mode.

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