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CN112660303B - Anchoring device and installation method - Google Patents

Anchoring device and installation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112660303B
CN112660303B CN202011637177.4A CN202011637177A CN112660303B CN 112660303 B CN112660303 B CN 112660303B CN 202011637177 A CN202011637177 A CN 202011637177A CN 112660303 B CN112660303 B CN 112660303B
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anchor
chain
anchor chain
fixing
parts
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CN112660303A (en
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宋薇
宋学刚
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Zhuhai Tianyue Technology Co ltd
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Zhuhai Tianyue Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of anchoring, and discloses an anchoring device and an installation method, which can improve the stability of a floating platform and enable each anchor rope to keep a uniformly stressed state. The invention comprises a floating platform floating on the sea surface, a fixed part, sinking parts with the same number as the fixed part and anchor chains with the same number as the fixed part; the fixed parts are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the floating platform; the sinking parts are distributed on the sea bottom according to the distribution mode of the fixing parts; the length of each anchor chain is the same, one end of each anchor chain is connected with the corresponding fixing part, and the other end of each anchor chain is connected with the corresponding sinking bottom. The invention makes the sinking bottom and the fixing part adopt the same distribution mode, and can form a symmetrical structure, so that each anchor chain can keep the same state, thereby realizing uniform stress, avoiding the condition of breakage caused by centralized stress of the individual anchor chains.

Description

Anchoring device and installation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of anchoring, in particular to an anchoring device and an installation method.
Background
The existing anchoring device is basically pulled by one of the anchor chains in the floating or sea water rising process, so that the corresponding anchor rope or anchor chain needs a large tension force with frequent sudden bearing, and in the long term, the situation that the anchor chain is broken easily occurs or the floating platform easily floats up and down along with sea waves or automatically is caused, and the stability of the floating platform in sea water is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides an anchoring device which can improve the stability of the floating platform and ensure that each anchor rope is kept in a uniformly stressed state.
The invention also provides an installation method of the anchoring device.
In a first aspect, an anchoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a floating platform, at least two fixing portions, sinking portions of the same number as the fixing portions, and anchor chains of the same number as the fixing portions; at least two fixing parts are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the floating platform; the sinking bottom parts are distributed on the sea bottom according to the distribution mode of the fixing parts; the length of each anchor chain is the same, one end of each anchor chain is connected with the corresponding fixing part, and the other end of each anchor chain is connected with the corresponding sinking part; the connection point between the anchor chain and the fixed part is a node A, the connection point between the anchor chain and the sinking bottom is a node B, and the line segments formed by connecting the two corresponding nodes A on any two anchor chains are equal and parallel to the line segments formed by connecting the two nodes B; wherein the length of the anchor chain l=l 1+L2+L3,L1 is sea depth, L 2 is tidal range and L 3 is reserved for the allowable offset distance.
The anchoring device provided by the embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the sinking bottom and the fixing part adopt the same distribution mode, so that a symmetrical structure can be formed, each anchor chain can be kept in the same state, uniform stress is realized, the situation that the anchor chains are broken due to concentrated stress of the individual anchor chains is avoided, in addition, the floating range of the floating platform can be reduced by utilizing the symmetrical structure, the collision with other channels is avoided, and the reliability and the stability are improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the anchor chain comprises a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, a first end of the first connecting portion being connected with the corresponding fixing portion; the first end of the second connecting part is connected with the second end of the first connecting part, and the second end of the second connecting part is connected with the corresponding sinking bottom.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first connection portion and the second connection portion are respectively any one of a steel chain or a polymer material.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a buffer is connected between the first connection and the second connection.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the buffer is a bungee cord or a spring chain.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a limit chain is sleeved in the buffer part, the length of the limit chain is smaller than the maximum deformation length of the buffer part, the first end of the buffer part and the first end of the limit chain are connected with the second end of the first connecting part, and the second end of the buffer part and the second end of the limit chain are connected with the first end of the second connecting part.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a buoyancy section is connected between the first connection section and the second connection section.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a buoyancy portion and a buffer portion are connected between the first connection portion and the second connection portion.
In a second aspect, a method for installing an anchoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of: at least two fixing parts are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the floating platform; setting the same number of sinking parts on the seabed according to the distribution mode of the fixing parts; two ends of at least two anchor chains with the same length are respectively connected with the corresponding fixing parts and the sinking bottom parts; the connection point between the anchor chain and the fixed part is node A, and the connection point between the anchor chain and the sinking bottom is node B, so that the line segment formed by connecting two corresponding nodes A on any two anchor chains is equal and parallel to the line segment formed by connecting two nodes B; wherein the length of the anchor chain l=l 1+L2+L3,L1 is sea depth, L 2 is tidal range and L 3 is reserved for the allowable offset distance.
The installation method according to the embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the sinking bottom and the fixing part adopt the same distribution mode, so that a symmetrical structure can be formed, each anchor chain can be kept in the same state, uniform stress is realized, the situation that the anchor chains are broken due to concentrated stress of the individual anchor chains is avoided, in addition, the floating range of the floating platform can be reduced by utilizing the symmetrical structure, the collision with other channels is avoided, and the reliability and the stability are improved.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an anchoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the mooring device shown in FIG. 1 in a calm sea surface condition;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mooring device of FIG. 1 in a condition of stormy waves on the sea surface;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the mooring device of FIG. 1 in a state where sea stormy waves are maximum;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an anchoring device according to another embodiment of the present utility model.
Reference numerals: a floating platform 100, a fixing portion 200, a sinking portion 300, a anchor chain 400, a first connecting portion 410, a second connecting portion 420, a buffer portion 500, a buoyancy portion 600, and a connecting cable 700.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings are used to supplement the description of the written description so that one can intuitively and intuitively understand each technical feature and overall technical scheme of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, a number means one or more, a number means two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to not include the present number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
Referring to fig. 1, the mooring apparatus according to the embodiment of the invention includes a floating platform 100 floating on the sea surface, at least two fixing parts 200, the same number of sinking parts 300 as the fixing parts 200, and the same number of anchor chains 400 as the fixing parts 200; at least two fixing portions 200 are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the floating platform 100; the sinking parts 300 are distributed on the sea bottom according to the distribution mode of the fixing parts 200; each anchor chain 400 has the same length, one end of the anchor chain 400 is connected to the corresponding fixing portion 200, and the other end of the anchor chain 400 is connected to the corresponding counter sink portion 300.
It is conceivable that the number of the fixing parts 200 may be two, three, four or five or more, and all the fixing parts 200 are distributed at the bottom of the floating platform 100 in a uniform manner, while the number of the anchor chains 400 and the number of the sinking bottom parts 300 are the same as the number of the fixing parts 200, and the sinking bottom parts 300 are distributed in the same manner as the fixing parts 200, i.e., the patterns and the sizes formed at the positions of the respective sinking bottom parts 300 are the same as the patterns and the sizes formed at the positions of the respective fixing parts 200. So that any two chains 400 are parallel and of equal length when straightened.
Where bottom portion 300 may be a bottom weight or anchor, suitable components may be selected as bottom portion 300 in combination with the situation at the sea floor.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the connection point between anchor chain 400 and fixing portion 200 is node a, the connection point between anchor chain 400 and bottom portion 300 is node B, and the line segment formed by two corresponding nodes a on any two anchor chains 400 and the line segment formed by two nodes B are equal and parallel. By adopting the vertically symmetrical distribution mode, the two corresponding anchor chains 400 can be in a parallel state, and any two anchor chains 400 are in the same state, so that the anchor chains 400 in the straightened state are kept in the same stress state, the whole reaches a balanced state, and the situation that one anchor chain 400 is broken due to overlarge stress is avoided.
In some embodiments of the invention, the length of anchor chain 400 is l=l 1+L2+L3, where L 1 is sea depth, L 2 is tidal range, and L 3 is the reserved allowed offset distance. The sea depth and the tidal range can be determined according to the perennial condition of the specific sea area, the reserved allowable offset distance can be determined according to the length of the anchor chain 400 when the anchor chain is completely straightened in severe weather such as typhoon days, the allowable offset distance is increased, when the sea level height changes, the horizontal line position on the floating platform 100 can be kept unchanged, the invasion of seawater into components on the floating platform 100 can be reduced, and the reliability, safety and stability are improved. Meanwhile, under the free heave condition, under the extremely special surge and ocean current conditions, the platform rotates, and the anchor chain 400 is possibly wound, so that the anchor chain 400 can be prevented from winding by combining the sea depth L 1, the tidal range L 2 and the reserved allowable offset distance L 3, and the reliability is improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the anchor chain 400 includes a first connection part 410 and a second connection part 420, the first end of the first connection part 410 being connected with the corresponding fixing part 200; the first end of the second connection part 420 is connected with the second end of the first connection part 410, and the second end of the second connection part 420 is connected with the corresponding bottom 300.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first connection portion 410 and the second connection portion 420 are respectively any one of a steel chain or a polymer material. Wherein the polymer material can be any one of plastics, fibers or rubber.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a buffer part 500 is connected between the first connection part 410 and the second connection part 420. By adopting the buffer part 500, the compressive capacity of the anchor chain 400 can be further improved, a certain buffer distance is provided, and then the impact of the anchor chain 400 due to sudden concentrated stress can be relieved, and further the service life and stability of the anchor chain 400 can be improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the buffer 500 is a bungee cord or a spring chain. In connection with the sea wave conditions of the sea area where the floating platform 100 is located, a suitable material may be selected as the buffer 500. Since the waves are periodic, for example, the ocean wave period of China is generally 4-9 seconds, the buffer part 500 has the characteristics of stretching and rebounding, the rebound speed is far smaller than the wave period, the moving speed and the instant impact force are reduced when the platform moves upwards in the crest period, and the pull-back platform moves towards the bottom 300 to be vertical when the platform moves downwards in the trough period, so that the next wave period is ready to be followed. Meanwhile, the buffering and restoring force provided by the buffering portion 500 delays the time and the straightening distance of the anchor chain 400 when the anchor chain 400 is straightened, and can relieve the impact of the anchor chain 400 when the anchor chain 400 is suddenly concentrated, so that the service life and the stability of the anchor chain 400 can be improved. The above effects ultimately reduce and dissipate the forces acting on the sink bottom 300, improving the anchoring forces and the service life of the mooring system.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the buffer portion 500 is sleeved with a limit chain, the length of the limit chain is smaller than the maximum deformation length of the buffer portion 500, the first end of the buffer portion 500 and the first end of the limit chain are connected to the second end of the first connecting portion 410, and the second end of the buffer portion 500 and the second end of the limit chain are connected to the first end of the second connecting portion 420. The limit chain is added, so that the buffer part 500 can be prevented from being in the state of maximum deformation, and further the situation that the buffer part 500 is broken can be avoided, and the reliability and the stability are further improved.
It is conceivable that the limiting chain may be any one of a steel chain or a polymer material, respectively, wherein the polymer material may be any one of plastic, fiber or rubber.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a buoyancy 600 is connected between the first connection portion 410 and the second connection portion 420. The buoyancy part 600 is added, so that the second connecting part 420 can be always kept in a tensioned state, further the floating range of the floating platform 100 can be further limited, meanwhile, when sudden sea waves or tide occur, the floating of the floating platform 100 can be timely limited, if the acceleration of the floating platform 100 during floating is too high, further the instant acting force on the anchor chain 400 can be too high, and by adopting the buoyancy part 600, the acting force between the floating platform 100 and the anchor chain 400 can be limited, so that the stability of the floating platform 100 can be improved. Wherein, the buoyancy part 600 may be a float or a buoyancy structure, and a suitable structure may be selected as the buoyancy part 600 in combination with the specific case.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a buoyancy part 600 and a buffer part 500 are connected between the first connection part 410 and the second connection part 420.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a buoyancy part 600 and a buffer part 500 are connected between the first connection part 410 and the second connection part 420, and a limit chain is sleeved in the buffer part 500.
Referring to fig. 2, when the sea surface is calm, the second connection part 420 is in a state of being always straightened due to the buoyancy part 600, and the first connection part 410 is in a relaxed state because the length of the anchor chain 400 is a distance greater than the sea depth at this time; referring to fig. 3, when there is sea wave on the sea surface, the floating platform 100 will drift in the direction of sea wave, so the floating platform 100 will pull the anchor chain 400 to drift, and the anchor chain 400 has been reserved for the allowable offset distance, so the floating platform 100 can float in a certain range when there is sea wave; referring to fig. 4, at this time, the sea surface is in a state when the stormy waves are maximum, and the limit chains of the first connecting portion 410, the second connecting portion 420, and the buffer portion 500 are straightened.
Referring to fig. 5, in some embodiments of the present invention, the anchor chains 400 are connected to each other by the connecting cables 700, and all the connecting cables 700 are located on the same horizontal plane, and with the connecting cables 700, all the anchor chains 400 may be limited, so as to further balance the anchor chains 400, and further limit the floating of the floating platform 100, so as to further improve stability.
It should be noted that the pattern at the maximum size enclosed by the connection point between the anchor chain 400 and the connecting cable 700 and the pattern formed between the fixing portions 200 are congruent patterns.
In a second aspect, a method for installing an anchoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
step S100: at least two fixing parts 200 are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the floating platform 100;
Step S200: providing the same number of the bottom sinkers 300 on the sea floor in a distributed manner of the fixed parts 200;
Step S300: two ends of at least two anchor chains 400 with the same length are respectively connected with the corresponding fixing part 200 and the corresponding sinking bottom 300; the connection point between the anchor chain 400 and the fixing portion 200 is a node a, and the connection point between the anchor chain 400 and the sinking portion 300 is a node B, so that a line segment formed by connecting two corresponding nodes a on any two anchor chains 400 and a line segment formed by connecting two nodes B are equal and parallel; wherein the length l=l 1+L2+L3,L1 of the anchor chain 400 is sea depth, L 2 is tidal range, and L 3 is a reserved allowable offset distance.
According to the anchoring device of the embodiment of the invention, at least some effects can be achieved by arranging the anchoring device in such a way that the sinking bottom 300 and the fixing part 200 are in the same distribution mode, a symmetrical structure can be formed, and each anchor chain 400 can be kept in the same state, so that uniform stress is realized, the condition that breakage caused by concentrated stress of the individual anchor chains 400 is avoided, in addition, the floating range of the floating platform 100 can be narrowed by utilizing the symmetrical structure, the collision with other channels is avoided, meanwhile, the allowable offset distance is increased, when the sea level height is changed, the horizontal line position on the floating platform 100 is kept unchanged, the components on the seawater floating platform 100 are reduced, and the reliability, the safety and the stability are improved. At present, a conventional common anchoring system has only one anchoring point stressed under the action of stormy waves, other anchoring chains are in a loose state, and in order to increase the anchoring force and buffer the anchoring chains, the conventional anchoring chain structure is configured to have a length which is at least 2.5 times of the water depth, and one section of the conventional anchoring chain structure is used as a ground chain to rub against the seabed so as to increase the anchoring force, so that the cost can be obviously increased, and the ground chain part is easy to wear. The anchor chain 400 of the present invention overcomes the above drawbacks, and the anchor chains 400 can exert force simultaneously when the wind and waves come, and the anchor chain 400 is anchored with the aid of the buffer part 500, so that the anchor chain 400 has larger anchoring force, lower cost and safer system under the same condition.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1. An anchoring device, comprising:
A floating platform (100);
at least two fixing parts (200) uniformly distributed at the bottom of the floating platform (100);
The same number of the sinking bottom parts (300) as the fixed parts (200) are distributed on the seabed according to the distribution mode of the fixed parts (200);
The anchor chains (400) are the same in number as the fixing parts (200), the length of each anchor chain (400) is the same, one end of each anchor chain (400) is connected with the corresponding fixing part (200), the other end of each anchor chain (400) is connected with the corresponding sinking bottom (300), the connection point between each anchor chain (400) and the corresponding sinking bottom (200) is a node A, the connection point between each anchor chain (400) and the corresponding sinking bottom (300) is a node B, and the line segments formed by connecting the corresponding two nodes A on any two anchor chains (400) and the line segments formed by connecting the two nodes B are equal and parallel;
Wherein the length l=l1+l2+l3 of the anchor chain (400), L1 is sea depth, L2 is tidal range and L3 is a reserved allowable offset distance;
the anchor chain (400) comprises:
a first connection portion (410), a first end of the first connection portion (410) being connected to the corresponding fixing portion (200);
A second connection part (420), wherein a first end of the second connection part (420) is connected with a second end of the first connection part (410), and a second end of the second connection part (420) is connected with the corresponding sinking bottom part (300);
A buffer part (500) is connected between the first connecting part (410) and the second connecting part (420);
a buoyancy part (600) is connected between the first connecting part (410) and the second connecting part (420), and the buoyancy part (600) is flexibly connected with the fixing part (200) through a buffer part (500) and the first connecting part (410);
The anchor chains (400) are connected with each other by connecting cables (700), all the connecting cables (700) are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the figure of the anchor chain (400) and the connecting cable (700) when the maximum dimension is enclosed by the connecting point and the figure enclosed by the fixing part (200) are congruent figures.
2. The mooring device of claim 1, wherein: the first connecting part (410) and the second connecting part (420) are respectively any one of steel chains or high polymer materials.
3. The mooring device of claim 1, wherein: the buffer part (500) is an elastic rope or a spring chain.
4. The mooring device of claim 1, wherein: the buffer part (500) is sleeved with a limit chain, the length of the limit chain is smaller than the maximum deformation length of the buffer part (500), the first end of the buffer part (500) and the first end of the limit chain are connected with the second end of the first connecting part (410), and the second end of the buffer part (500) and the second end of the limit chain are connected with the first end of the second connecting part (420).
5. A method of installing an anchoring device according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
At least two fixing parts (200) are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the floating platform (100);
arranging the same number of the sinking bottom parts (300) on the seabed according to the distribution mode of the fixing parts (200);
two ends of at least two anchor chains (400) with the same length are respectively connected with the corresponding fixing part (200) and the corresponding sinking bottom part (300);
The connection point between the anchor chain (400) and the fixing part (200) is a node A, the connection point between the anchor chain (400) and the sinking part (300) is a node B, and the line segments formed by connecting two corresponding nodes A on any two anchor chains (400) and the line segments formed by connecting two nodes B are equal and parallel;
wherein the length l=l1+l2+l3 of the anchor chain (400), L1 is sea depth, L2 is tidal range and L3 is a reserved allowable offset distance.
CN202011637177.4A 2020-12-31 2020-12-31 Anchoring device and installation method Active CN112660303B (en)

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CN113581371B (en) * 2021-09-07 2022-08-16 中国海洋大学 Tide level self-adaptive device based on tensioning type anchoring and anchoring system with same

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