CN112651148B - Three-dimensional visual cutter design system and method with optimization function - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a three-dimensional visual tool design system with an optimization function and a method thereof, which belong to the technical field of computer integrated manufacturing, wherein a pythonocc module is adopted to build an integral frame of the system, a tool three-dimensional model is generated through a tool parameterization module, the tool three-dimensional model is put into finite element simulation software through a finite element simulation module, finite element simulation is carried out according to information of a machined workpiece to be machined to obtain simulation result data, an optimization module is utilized to fit the simulation result data, a function obtained after the fitting is used as a target function, and the target function is optimized through an optimizing algorithm to obtain optimal machining parameters and/or tool parameters, so that the tool design, the simulation and the optimization processes are combined, the special tool design aiming at machining requirements is realized, the design efficiency of a special tool is remarkably improved, meanwhile, the optimal tool parameters and the machining parameters can be obtained, and the service life of the tool and the quality of the machined surface of the machined workpiece are further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of computer integrated manufacturing, in particular to a three-dimensional visual cutter design system and method with an optimization function.
Background
Computer Aided Optimization (CAO) is one of the important bases of modern manufacturing technology. Efforts have been made for a long time to improve the practicality, integration and intelligence levels of computer-aided optimization systems, and in particular, as the speed of product updating increases, the product process requirements become more complex, and there is a higher and more urgent need for the ability of computer-aided optimization in processing. However, at present, a system and a method for combining the cutter design, simulation and optimization process do not exist, so that the design efficiency of the specialized cutter is low. Therefore, a three-dimensional visual tool design system and method are needed to greatly improve the design efficiency of the specialized tool.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-dimensional visual tool design system and method with an optimization function, which combines the tool design, simulation and optimization processes to realize the special tool design aiming at the processing requirement, obviously improve the design efficiency of the special tool, obtain optimal tool parameters and processing parameters, and further improve the service life of the tool and the processing surface quality of a processed workpiece.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a three-dimensional visual tool design system with an optimization function is characterized in that a pythonocc module is adopted to build an integral frame of the system, and the system comprises a tool parameterization module, a finite element simulation module, a database module and an optimization module;
the cutter parameterization module is connected with the database module; the tool parameterization module comprises a GUI interface; the tool parameterization module is used for changing parameterization files through the GUI interface, opening a tool template through a Python program, running the changed parameterization files and generating a tool three-dimensional model; the modified parameterized file comprises cutter structure information and cutter parameter information; the cutter parameter information comprises cutter angles, the number of cutting edges and the length of a cutter processing part;
the finite element simulation module is respectively connected with the cutter parameterization module and the database module; the finite element simulation module is used for placing the three-dimensional model of the cutter into finite element simulation software through a Python program, carrying out finite element simulation according to the information of a machined workpiece to be machined to obtain simulation result data, and storing the simulation result data into the database module through the Python program; the information of the machined workpiece comprises cutting parameters and materials of the machined workpiece; the simulation result data comprise cutting force, cutting temperature, cutter abrasion and stress field distribution of a machined workpiece after cutting;
The database module is connected with the optimizing module; the database module is used for storing the simulation result data;
The optimizing module is used for calling the simulation result data in the database module through the Python program, fitting the simulation result data, taking a function obtained after fitting as a target function, and optimizing the target function through an optimizing algorithm to obtain the optimal machining parameters and/or tool parameters.
A three-dimensional visual tool design method with an optimization function, the method comprising the steps of:
Opening a cutter template by using a cutter parameterization module, and running the changed parameterized file to generate a cutter three-dimensional model;
Putting the three-dimensional model of the cutter into finite element simulation software by utilizing a finite element simulation module, carrying out finite element simulation according to the information of a machined workpiece to be machined to obtain simulation result data, and storing the simulation result data into the database module through a Python program;
The simulation result data and the test result data in the database module are called by utilizing an optimization module, the simulation result data and the test result data are fitted, a function obtained after fitting is used as a target function, and the target function is optimized through an optimizing algorithm, so that optimal machining parameters and/or tool parameters are obtained;
And calling simulation result data in the database module by using an evaluation module, determining an evaluation index according to actual machining requirements and cutter requirements, and evaluating the simulation result data by using the evaluation index to obtain cutter performance.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
The invention provides a three-dimensional visual tool design system with an optimization function and a method thereof, wherein a pythonocc module is adopted to build an overall framework of the system, a tool template is opened through a tool parameterization module, a modified parameterization file is operated to generate a tool three-dimensional model, the tool three-dimensional model is put into finite element simulation software through a finite element simulation module, finite element simulation is carried out according to information of a machined workpiece to be machined to obtain simulation result data, an optimization module is utilized to fit the simulation result data, a function obtained after the fitting is used as a target function, and the target function is optimized through an optimizing algorithm to obtain optimal machining parameters and/or tool parameters. Furthermore, the invention can automatically generate the cutter three-dimensional model only by inputting the information of the machined workpiece to be machined, the cutter structure information and the cutter parameter information, automatically guide the generated cutter three-dimensional model into finite element simulation software for cutting simulation to obtain simulation result data, select a corresponding optimizing algorithm to obtain the optimal machining parameter or cutter parameter, has the characteristics of visualization, more intuitionism, high efficiency and the like, avoids information interaction among multiple software, combines the cutter design, simulation and optimization processes into the same platform, realizes the special cutter design aiming at machining requirements, obviously improves the design efficiency of the special cutter, simultaneously obtains the optimal cutter parameter and machining parameter, and can improve the service life of the cutter and the surface quality of the machined workpiece.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a design method provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a three-dimensional visual tool design system and method with an optimization function, which combine the tool design, simulation and optimization processes to the same platform, realize the special tool design aiming at the processing requirement, obviously improve the design efficiency of the special tool, and simultaneously obtain optimal tool parameters and processing parameters so as to further improve the service life of the tool and the quality of the processing surface of a processed workpiece.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1:
The embodiment is used for providing a three-dimensional visual tool design system with an optimization function, and an integral framework of the system is built by adopting pythonocc modules, wherein the system comprises a tool parameterization module, a finite element simulation module, a database module and an optimization module;
the cutter parameterization module is connected with the database module; the tool parameterization module comprises a GUI interface; the tool parameterization module is used for changing parameterization files through the GUI interface, opening a tool template through a Python program, and running the changed parameterization files (exp files) to generate a tool three-dimensional model, and specifically comprises the following steps: firstly selecting a cutter type needing parameterization to obtain a parameterized file corresponding to the cutter type, inputting corresponding parameters in the parameterized file by utilizing a GUI interface, changing the parameterized file to obtain a changed parameterized file, opening a cutter template by a Python program, and running the changed parameterized file (exp file) to generate a cutter three-dimensional model, thereby realizing the design of the cutter. The modified parameterized file comprises cutter structure information and cutter parameter information; the cutter parameter information comprises cutter angles, the number of cutting edges and the length of a cutter processing part; the cutter angle mainly comprises a front angle, a rear angle and the like.
In addition, the cutter parameterization module adopts a Python.PyQt5 module to set a GUI interface; the tool parameterization module is also used for displaying the tool three-dimensional model generated after parameterizing the tool by using the pythonocc module and storing the model into the database module, so that the change of the tool three-dimensional model after running the changed parameterized file can be intuitively observed through displaying the tool three-dimensional model. The tool parameterization module mainly comprises a bat file, a python file and a prt file, wherein the bat file mainly runs a ug kernel program and a python program for realizing tool parameterization, the prt file is a parent file required for realizing tool parameterization, and a parameterized tool three-dimensional model is obtained by means of changing and saving the prt file. The whole process of the tool parameterization is that the python program required by the tool parameterization function is modified through an interface written by python, the prt file and the exp file are both put into the bat file, the bat file is operated, the purpose of the tool parameterization is realized, and therefore, a tool three-dimensional model is generated, and the tool design process is realized.
The finite element simulation module is respectively connected with the cutter parameterization module and the database module; the finite element simulation module is used for placing the three-dimensional model of the cutter into finite element simulation software through a Python program, carrying out finite element simulation according to the information of a machined workpiece to be machined to obtain simulation result data, storing the simulation result data into the database module through the Python program, specifically extracting the simulation result data from a simulation result file (odb file) through the Python program, and storing the simulation result data into the database module through the Python program. The information of the machined workpiece comprises cutting parameters and materials of the machined workpiece; the cutting parameters are cutting depth, cutting width and feeding amount, and the material of the processed workpiece mainly comprises titanium alloy TC4, a small amount of steel and the like. The simulation result data comprise cutting force, cutting temperature, cutter abrasion and stress field distribution of a machined workpiece after cutting;
In addition, the finite element simulation module comprises a python tool change file and an interface program; the finite element simulation module is used for modifying the python tool changing file through the interface program, operating the modified python tool changing file in an abaqus command environment, and carrying out finite element simulation on different tool three-dimensional models, so that the tool changing process can be realized in the finite element simulation module, and the simulation of different tool cutting processes is completed.
The database module is connected with the optimizing module; the database module is used for storing the simulation result data and the cutter three-dimensional model, so that other users can conveniently access and acquire the data in the database module, including the Internet+ idea, by storing the simulation result data and the cutter three-dimensional model obtained after parameterization into the database module. The database module adopts an open source database MYSQL and stores and reads data in the database module through a python program; the database module is also used for drawing curves of the data in the database module by adopting the pythonmatplot module. The administrator can also set different rights to the database module for different users, and the users access the database module according to the rights granted by the administrator.
The optimizing module is used for calling the simulation result data in the database module through the Python program, fitting the simulation result data, taking a function obtained after fitting as a target function, and optimizing the target function through an optimizing algorithm to obtain the optimal machining parameters and/or tool parameters. The optimizing module adopts matlab software to program, writes a GUI interface in the matlab environment, generates an exe file, and integrates the file into a system frame to realize the optimizing process of the cutter. The objective function is a relation function between simulation result data, the optimizing algorithm is a genetic algorithm, an ant colony algorithm or a user-defined optimizing algorithm, and the optimizing process of the cutter is not limited by the optimizing algorithm provided by the system, so that the user can write the optimizing algorithm to perform optimizing, and the secondary development is realized.
As an alternative embodiment, the database module is further configured to store test result data; the test result data are obtained by repeating the test of cutting the workpiece by the cutter for a plurality of times, and comprise the test result data obtained by the user test and the test result data provided by the system; the test result data comprise cutting force, cutting temperature, cutter abrasion and stress field distribution of a machined workpiece after cutting; the optimizing module is also used for calling the simulation result data and the test result data in the database module through the Python program, fitting the simulation result data and the test result data, taking a function obtained after fitting as a target function, optimizing the target function through an optimizing algorithm to obtain optimal processing parameters and/or tool parameters, and further optimizing the tool through the test result data and the simulation result data together, and the optimizing module is not limited to the simulation result data.
In addition, the system also comprises an evaluation module, wherein the evaluation module adopts matlab to write the program used; the evaluation module is connected with the database module; the evaluation module is used for calling the simulation result data in the database module, determining an evaluation index according to the actual processing requirement and the cutter requirement, evaluating the simulation result data by using the evaluation index to obtain the cutter performance, and further judging whether the cutter designed at present is suitable or not; the evaluation index is one or more of cutting force, cutting temperature, surface roughness, tool wear, and tool mode.
The system further comprises a software library; all library functions required by the cutter parameterization module, the finite element simulation module, the database module, the evaluation module and the optimization module are stored in the software library, folders respectively corresponding to the cutter parameterization module, the finite element simulation module, the database module, the evaluation module and the optimization module are also stored in the software library, and the folders contain a.py file and a.bat file for realizing the functions of the corresponding modules.
In addition, the system disclosed in this embodiment may be used in the design, simulation, and optimization process of eleven types of complex tools including variable pitch helix angle college end mills, sidewall semi-finishing indexable tools, large feed indexable rough machining tools, thrust face machining mills, spark plug hole machining tools, valve seat insert dedicated tools, camshaft guide bar tools, oil passage deep hole drill tools, cbn finish machining milling cutter heads, exchangeable drills, and large feed milling cutters.
According to the three-dimensional visual tool design system with the optimization function, the tool three-dimensional model is generated through the tool parameterization module, the tool three-dimensional model is placed into the finite element simulation software through the finite element simulation module, finite element simulation is carried out according to information of a machined workpiece to be machined, simulation result data are obtained, the optimization module is utilized to fit the simulation result data, the function obtained after fitting is used as a target function, and the optimization algorithm is utilized to optimize the target function, so that optimal machining parameters and/or tool parameters are obtained, namely, in the embodiment, only the information of the machined workpiece to be machined, tool structure information and tool parameter information are input by a user, the tool three-dimensional model can be automatically generated, the generated three-dimensional model is imported into the finite element simulation software to carry out cutting simulation, the corresponding optimization algorithm is selected, the optimal machining parameters or tool parameters can be obtained, the user does not need to convert process files, and the input parameters can complete the design optimization process of the tool.
Example 2:
the present embodiment is used to provide a three-dimensional visual tool design method with an optimization function, and the system described in embodiment 1 is used to perform work, as shown in fig. 1, where the method includes the following steps:
Step 101: opening a cutter template by using a cutter parameterization module, and running the changed parameterized file to generate a cutter three-dimensional model;
step 102: putting the three-dimensional model of the cutter into finite element simulation software by utilizing a finite element simulation module, carrying out finite element simulation according to the information of a machined workpiece to be machined to obtain simulation result data, and storing the simulation result data into the database module through a Python program;
step 103: the simulation result data and the test result data in the database module are called by utilizing an optimization module, the simulation result data and the test result data are fitted, a function obtained after fitting is used as a target function, and the target function is optimized through an optimizing algorithm, so that optimal machining parameters and/or tool parameters are obtained;
step 104: and calling simulation result data in the database module by using an evaluation module, determining an evaluation index according to actual machining requirements and cutter requirements, and evaluating the simulation result data by using the evaluation index to obtain cutter performance.
It should be noted that, there is no sequence relationship between the step 103 and the step 104, after the simulation result data is obtained, a person skilled in the art may perform the step 103 first, or may perform the step 104 first, and the numbering performed in the step 103 and the step 104 should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The three-dimensional visual tool design system with the optimization function is characterized in that a pythonocc module is adopted to build an integral frame of the system, and the system comprises a tool parameterization module, a finite element simulation module, a database module and an optimization module;
the cutter parameterization module is connected with the database module; the tool parameterization module comprises a GUI interface; the tool parameterization module is used for selecting a tool type needing parameterization to obtain a parameterized file corresponding to the tool type, inputting corresponding parameters into the parameterized file through the GUI interface, changing the parameterized file, opening a tool template through a Python program, and running the changed parameterized file to generate a tool three-dimensional model; the modified parameterized file comprises cutter structure information and cutter parameter information; the cutter parameter information comprises cutter angles, the number of cutting edges and the length of a cutter processing part;
the finite element simulation module is respectively connected with the cutter parameterization module and the database module; the finite element simulation module is used for placing the three-dimensional model of the cutter into finite element simulation software through a Python program, carrying out finite element simulation according to the information of a machined workpiece to be machined to obtain simulation result data, and storing the simulation result data into the database module through the Python program; the information of the machined workpiece comprises cutting parameters and materials of the machined workpiece; the simulation result data comprise cutting force, cutting temperature, cutter abrasion and stress field distribution of a machined workpiece after cutting;
The database module is connected with the optimizing module; the database module is used for storing the simulation result data;
The optimizing module is used for calling simulation result data in the database module through a Python program, fitting the simulation result data, taking a function obtained after fitting as a target function, and optimizing the target function through an optimizing algorithm to obtain optimal machining parameters and tool parameters;
The database module is also used for storing test result data; the test result data are obtained by repeating the test of cutting the workpiece by the cutter for a plurality of times; the test result data comprise cutting force, cutting temperature, cutter abrasion and stress field distribution of a machined workpiece after cutting;
the optimizing module is also used for calling simulation result data and test result data in the database module through a Python program, fitting the simulation result data and the test result data, taking a function obtained after fitting as a target function, and optimizing the target function through an optimizing algorithm to obtain optimal machining parameters and tool parameters; the optimizing algorithm is a user-defined optimizing algorithm which is a optimizing algorithm written by a user;
The system further includes an evaluation module;
the evaluation module is connected with the database module; the evaluation module is used for calling the simulation result data in the database module, determining an evaluation index according to the actual machining requirement and the cutter requirement, and evaluating the simulation result data by utilizing the evaluation index to obtain the cutter performance; the evaluation index is cutting force, cutting temperature, surface roughness, tool wear, and tool mode.
2. The three-dimensional visual tool design system with the optimization function according to claim 1, wherein the optimizing algorithm is a genetic algorithm or an ant colony algorithm.
3. The three-dimensional visual tool design system with the optimization function according to claim 1, wherein the tool parameterization module adopts a python.pyqt5 module to set a GUI interface; the tool parameterization module is also used for displaying the tool three-dimensional model by using the pythonocc module.
4. The three-dimensional visual tool design system with the optimization function according to claim 1, wherein the finite element simulation module comprises a python tool change file and an interface program; the finite element simulation module is used for modifying the python tool changing file through the interface program, running the modified python tool changing file in an abaqus command environment and carrying out finite element simulation on three-dimensional models of different tools.
5. The three-dimensional visual tool design system with the optimization function according to claim 1, wherein the database module adopts an open source database MYSQL; the database module is also used for drawing curves of the data in the database module by adopting the pythonmatplot module.
6. A three-dimensional visual tool design system with optimization function according to claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a software library; and all library functions required by the cutter parameterization module, the finite element simulation module, the database module and the optimization module are stored in the software library.
7. A method of three-dimensional visual tool design with optimization function, working with the system according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
Opening a cutter template by using a cutter parameterization module, and running the changed parameterized file to generate a cutter three-dimensional model;
Putting the three-dimensional model of the cutter into finite element simulation software by utilizing a finite element simulation module, carrying out finite element simulation according to the information of a machined workpiece to be machined to obtain simulation result data, and storing the simulation result data into the database module through a Python program;
the simulation result data and the test result data in the database module are called by utilizing an optimization module, the simulation result data and the test result data are fitted, a function obtained after fitting is used as a target function, and the target function is optimized through an optimizing algorithm, so that optimal machining parameters and tool parameters are obtained;
Invoking simulation result data in the database module by using the evaluation module, and according to actual processing requirements
Determining an evaluation index by summing the cutter requirements, evaluating the simulation result data by using the evaluation index,
And obtaining the cutter performance.
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| US7577491B2 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2009-08-18 | General Electric Company | System and method for extracting parameters of a cutting tool |
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