CN112641460A - Physiological sound detection device and method based on micro-electromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor - Google Patents
Physiological sound detection device and method based on micro-electromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112641460A CN112641460A CN202011478950.7A CN202011478950A CN112641460A CN 112641460 A CN112641460 A CN 112641460A CN 202011478950 A CN202011478950 A CN 202011478950A CN 112641460 A CN112641460 A CN 112641460A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B7/00—Instruments for auscultation
- A61B7/003—Detecting lung or respiration noise
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/48—Other medical applications
- A61B5/4803—Speech analysis specially adapted for diagnostic purposes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B7/00—Instruments for auscultation
- A61B7/02—Stethoscopes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/16—Details of sensor housings or probes; Details of structural supports for sensors
- A61B2562/164—Details of sensor housings or probes; Details of structural supports for sensors the sensor is mounted in or on a conformable substrate or carrier
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于微机电压电声学传感器的生理音检测装置及方法，装置包括微机电压电声学传感器、印刷电路板和柔性聚合物材质的封装层；微机电压电声学传感器位于空腔内且不与空腔内壁直接接触；空腔中与微机电压电声学传感器正对的侧壁采用薄膜形式，用于作为与待检测部位的皮肤表面相贴合的接触面；接触面贴合皮肤表面时，通过内器官组织活动产生的声振动使皮肤表面振动，带动接触面振动，进而挤压空腔内的空气振动，微机电压电声学传感器接收到振动信号并转化为电信号，经由印刷电路板处理后得到目标部位的生理音信号波形。本发明的检测装置体积小、质量轻、便于携带且多功能化，是一种可穿戴的轻便式的生理音检测装置。
The invention discloses a physiological sound detection device and method based on a microelectromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor. The device comprises a microelectromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor, a printed circuit board and a flexible polymer packaging layer; the microelectromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor is located in an empty space. Inside the cavity and not in direct contact with the inner wall of the cavity; the side wall of the cavity facing the MEMS piezoelectric acoustic sensor is in the form of a thin film, which is used as a contact surface that is attached to the skin surface of the site to be detected; the contact surface is attached When the skin surface is closed, the acoustic vibration generated by the activity of the internal organs makes the skin surface vibrate, which drives the contact surface to vibrate, and then squeezes the air in the cavity to vibrate. The MEMS piezoelectric acoustic sensor receives the vibration signal and converts it into an electrical signal. After being processed by the printed circuit board, the physiological sound signal waveform of the target part is obtained. The detection device of the invention is small in size, light in weight, easy to carry and multifunctional, and is a wearable and portable physiological sound detection device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of physiological sound detection devices, and particularly relates to a physiological sound detection device and method based on a micro-electromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor.
Background
Physiological sounds are sound signals generated by various organs and tissues in the human body during daily activities, and include heart sounds, bowel sounds, breath sounds, lung sounds, voices and the like. These sound signals contain important information that can be used to assess the health of the human body or to directly reflect human thoughts. The detection of the physiological sound signals can be used for diagnosing related clinical diseases, such as heart diseases, digestive system diseases and the like, and can also be used for intelligent application of voice recognition, voice recognition and the like. However, currently, a stethoscope is mainly used for heart sound collection, the method excessively depends on clinical experience of doctors and subjective judgment of sounds heard by doctors, situations of missed and wrong listening and the like may occur, continuous real-time monitoring cannot be realized, reproduction cannot be realized, other physiological sounds are detected without generally applicable instruments and devices for detecting various physiological sounds in clinic, and devices for detecting various physiological sounds are not available at the present stage. Along with the attention of people to the health condition at present, daily health monitoring also becomes a big demand, and this kind of demand needs check out test set small, and the quality is light, portable, and is multi-functional, consequently, designs the physiological sound detection device of a wearable portable and has actual meaning.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing physiological sound detection is difficult to continuously monitor for a long time, is difficult to reproduce signals and cannot detect various physiological sound signals by using one device, and provides a physiological sound detection device based on a micro-electromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor.
The invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
the invention provides a physiological sound detection device based on a micro-electromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor, which comprises the micro-electromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor, a printed circuit board and an encapsulation layer made of a flexible polymer material;
the micro-electromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor is connected with the printed circuit board to form a signal receiving path; the printed circuit board comprises a signal conditioning circuit, a power line, a grounding wire and a signal wire; the signal conditioning circuit is integrated on the printed circuit board, the power line and the grounding line are used for supplying power to the signal conditioning circuit, and the signal line is used for being connected with an external client to transmit data;
the micro-electromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor and the printed circuit board are integrally packaged in the packaging layer, and a sealed cavity is formed in the packaging layer; the micro-electromechanical voltage electro-acoustic sensor is positioned in the cavity and is not in direct contact with the inner wall of the cavity; the side wall of the cavity, which is opposite to the micro-electromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor, is in a thin film form and is used as a contact surface which is attached to the skin surface of the part to be detected; when the contact surface is attached to the skin surface, the skin surface is vibrated through the sound vibration generated by the movement of the internal organ tissues, the contact surface is driven to vibrate, and further the air in the cavity is squeezed to vibrate, the microcomputer voltage electroacoustic sensor receives vibration signals and converts the vibration signals into electric signals, and the electric signals are processed by the printed circuit board to obtain the physiological signal waveform of the target part.
Preferably, the flexible polymer is platinum-gold cured silica gel.
Preferably, the encapsulation layer is cast by a 3D printing mold.
Preferably, the thickness of the contact surface of the encapsulation layer is less than 1 mm.
Preferably, the micro-electromechanical voltage electro-acoustic sensor comprises a substrate layer and a plurality of acoustic sensor units which are connected in parallel through first electric wires, and all the acoustic sensor units are fixed on the substrate layer and arranged in a rectangular array; the acoustic sensor unit comprises a bottom electrode, a piezoelectric film and an upper electrode which are sequentially overlapped from bottom to top; the bottom electrode and the upper electrode are respectively connected with a welding disc of the printed circuit board through a second wire to form a signal receiving path.
Furthermore, the bottom electrode and the upper electrode are both metal electrodes.
Further, the first electric wire is an aluminum wire, and the second electric wire is a gold wire.
Preferably, the client is a computer or a mobile device.
Preferably, the signal conditioning circuit includes an amplifying circuit, a low-pass filter circuit, and a high-pass filter circuit.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting a physiological sound of a human body based on any one of the above-mentioned physiological sound detection devices, which includes:
firstly, connecting a power line led out of a printed circuit board into an external direct current power supply, and grounding a grounding wire to jointly supply power to a signal conditioning circuit; then connecting a signal wire led out from the printed circuit board with an analog voltage input end of an external data acquisition card, and connecting the data acquisition card with a computer through a USB interface to realize data transmission;
secondly, the physiological sound detection device is tightly attached to the skin surface of a part to be detected of a human body, the skin surface is vibrated by sound vibration generated by the movement of organ tissues in the human body, the contact surface of the packaging layer is driven to vibrate, air vibration in the cavity is further squeezed, a vibration signal is received by the microcomputer voltage electro-acoustic sensor and converted into an electric signal, the electric signal is processed by the signal conditioning circuit, amplified and filtered, then collected by the data acquisition card and transmitted to the computer, and the waveform of a physiological sound signal of a target part is obtained after processing;
and adjusting the position of the physiological sound detection device on the skin surface to ensure that the waveform of the physiological sound signal displayed on the computer is most obvious, and continuously collecting the physiological sound signal at the position for a period of time to obtain the physiological sound waveform data of the part to be detected.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) because the surface of the micro-electromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor can not be directly connected with an external object, otherwise, the surface of the micro-electromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor is damaged, the micro-electromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor is arranged in the cavity and directly contacted with the skin surface of a human body through the contact surface of the packaging layer, the skin surface vibrates through the sound vibration generated by the movement of organ tissues in the human body, the thin film of the contact surface of the cavity is driven to vibrate, the air in the closed cavity is further extruded to vibrate, the micro-electromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor receives vibration signals and converts the vibration signals into electric signals, and the monitored physiological signals can be obtained through subsequent signal processing.
2) The detection device is small in size, light in weight, convenient to carry and multifunctional, and is a wearable portable physiological sound detection device.
3) The invention utilizes the movement of organ tissues in a human body to generate vibration to drive the surface of the skin to vibrate, and when the invention works, the invention is tightly attached to a proper position of the human body and is in direct contact with the skin, so that a cavity film formed by flexible polymers is forced to vibrate together to cause the vibration of air in a closed cavity, thereby leading a micro-electromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor packaged on a printed circuit board to detect the vibration and convert the vibration into an electric signal, the electric signal is processed by a signal conditioning circuit, amplified and filtered, and then collected and transmitted to a computer end by a data acquisition card, finally obtaining the waveform of a target physiological sound signal, and analyzing the characteristics and the law of the waveform of the physiological sound signal to.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of modules for detecting physiological sounds using the apparatus of the present invention;
the reference numbers in the figures are: a micro-electromechanical voltage electro-acoustic sensor 1, a printed circuit board 2, an encapsulation layer 3, a cavity 4 and a skin surface 5.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated and described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. The technical features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined correspondingly without mutual conflict.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a physiological sound detecting device based on a micro-electromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor, which includes a micro-electromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor 1, a printed circuit board 2, and an encapsulation layer 3 made of a flexible polymer.
The MEMS piezoelectric acoustic sensor 1 refers to a MEMS piezoelectric acoustic sensor in the prior art, and the structure of the sensor is specifically as follows: the micro-electromechanical voltage electro-acoustic sensor 1 comprises a base layer and a plurality of acoustic sensor units which are connected in parallel through first electric wires, and all the acoustic sensor units are fixed on the base layer and arranged in a rectangular array. Each acoustic sensor unit has the same structure and comprises a bottom electrode, a middle piezoelectric film and an upper electrode which are sequentially connected in an overlapped mode from bottom to top. The bottom electrode and the upper electrode are connected to the pads of the printed circuit board 2 through second wires, respectively, to form a path for signal reception. In this embodiment, in order to increase the working performance of the signal receiving path, the bottom electrode and the top electrode of the mems electroacoustic transducer 1 may be metal electrodes, the first wire may be an aluminum wire, and the second wire may be a gold wire.
The printed circuit board 2 includes a signal conditioning circuit, a power supply line, a ground line, and a signal line. The signal conditioning circuit comprises an amplifying circuit, a low-pass filter circuit and a high-pass filter circuit, is integrally integrated on the printed circuit board 2, and is used for amplifying and filtering signals received by the micro-electromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor. The power line connected from the printed circuit board 2 is used for connecting with an external direct current power supply, the grounding line is used for grounding, and the power line and the grounding line jointly supply power to the signal conditioning circuit on the printed circuit board 2. The signal line connected from the printed circuit board 2 is used for connecting with an external client so as to transmit the electrical signal data processed by the printed circuit board 2 to the external client.
In this embodiment, the client includes a computer, a mobile device, and other common client devices, so as to record and store the real-time monitored physiological sound data, and at the same time, realize visualization of the physiological sound detection data.
The micro-electromechanical voltage electro-acoustic sensor 1 and the printed circuit board 2 are packaged in the packaging layer 3 as a whole, and the packaging layer 3 is provided with a small and closed cavity 4 structure for reducing damping. The micro-electromechanical voltage electro-acoustic sensor 1 is located in the cavity 4 and does not directly contact the inner wall of the cavity 4. In this embodiment, the mems voltage electroacoustic sensor 1 may be fixed on a side surface of the printed circuit board 2, and a side portion of the printed circuit board 2 on which the mems voltage electroacoustic sensor 1 is disposed is used as a mounting surface, and the mounting surface is exposed in the cavity 4, so that the mems voltage electroacoustic sensor 1 is located in the closed cavity 4 and does not directly contact with an inner wall of the cavity 4.
The side wall of the cavity 4, which is opposite to the micro-electromechanical voltage electro-acoustic sensor 1, is in a thin film form, and the thin film side wall is used as a contact surface and is attached to the skin surface 5 of the part to be detected. As shown in fig. 2, when the contact surface is attached to the skin surface 5, the skin surface 5 is vibrated by the sound vibration generated by the movement of the inner organ tissue to drive the contact surface to vibrate, and further, the air in the cavity 4 is squeezed to vibrate, and the micro-electromechanical voltage electro-acoustic sensor 1 receives the vibration signal and converts the vibration signal into an electric signal, and the electric signal is processed by the printed circuit board 2 to obtain the physiological sound signal waveform of the target part.
In this embodiment, the flexible polymer may be made of a platinum cured silicone (e.g., Ecoflex) material with good performance and easy availability, and the encapsulation layer 3 may be formed by casting a mold for 3D printing. In order to make the physiological sound detection device of the present invention more effective in receiving and transmitting external acoustic vibration signals, the thickness of the contact surface of the encapsulation layer 3 may be set to be less than 1 mm.
In practical application, the physiological sound detection device of the present invention can be assembled in the following manner:
firstly, adhering the microcomputer voltage electro-acoustic sensor 1 on the printed circuit board 2 by glue, and after the glue is naturally dried, respectively connecting a bottom electrode and an upper electrode of the microcomputer voltage electro-acoustic sensor 1 with a bonding pad of the printed circuit board 2 by gold wires by using a wire bonding machine so as to form a signal path. Next, a flexible polymer encapsulation layer 3 with a cavity 4 is manufactured by using a 3D printed mold casting, and then, the contact surface of the cavity 4 is placed on a workbench in a downward direction (i.e., the structure shown in fig. 1 is placed on the workbench in an upside-down manner), and the printed circuit board 2 containing the microelectromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor 1 is placed on the cavity 4 with the side surface to which the microelectromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor 1 is attached facing the cavity 4. Finally, a layer of flexible polymer is poured on the bottom of the detection device shown in fig. 1, so that the microelectromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor 1 and the printed circuit board 2 are packaged in the packaging layer 3 as a whole. And after the flexible polymer is naturally cured, assembling to obtain the integral structure of the physiological sound detection device.
The physiological sound detection device designed by the invention has the following working principle: the invention selects flexible polymer material as the external packaging layer and designs the cavity structure, the thickness of the film of the cavity contact surface contacting with the skin is smaller, the film is driven by the skin to vibrate together, thus forcing the air in the cavity to vibrate together, and the detection of the physiological sound signal is completed by detecting the vibration and converting the vibration into an electric signal through the micro-electromechanical piezoelectric acoustic sensor in the cavity.
As shown in fig. 3, a method for detecting a physiological sound of a human body by using the physiological sound detection device includes the following steps:
firstly, a power line led out from the printed circuit board 2 is connected to an external direct current power supply, a grounding wire is grounded, and the power line and the grounding wire jointly supply power for the signal conditioning circuit. And then the signal wire led out from the printed circuit board 2 is connected with the analog voltage input end of an external data acquisition card, and the data acquisition card is connected with a computer through a USB interface so as to realize data transmission.
Secondly, the physiological sound detection device is tightly attached to the skin surface 5 of the part to be detected of the human body, the skin surface 5 is vibrated by sound vibration generated by the movement of organ tissues in the human body, the contact surface of the packaging layer 3 is driven to vibrate, air vibration in the cavity 4 is further extruded, the micro-electromechanical voltage electro-acoustic sensor 1 receives vibration signals and converts the vibration signals into electric signals, the electric signals are processed by a signal conditioning circuit, amplified and filtered, and then collected by a data acquisition card and transmitted to a computer, and the waveform of the physiological sound signals of the target part is obtained.
The position of the physiological sound detection device on the skin surface 5 is adjusted to ensure that the waveform of the physiological sound signal displayed on the computer is most obvious, and the physiological sound waveform data of the part to be detected is obtained by continuously collecting the physiological sound signal at the position for a period of time.
Finally, the acquired signal can be subjected to subsequent denoising processing according to the requirement, and the final physiological sound signal waveform is displayed; or the physiological sound waveform is transmitted to the mobile electronic equipment in real time through being connected with the Bluetooth module, so that the real-time monitoring of the physiological sound is realized.
The physiological sound detection device designed by the invention has smaller overall size, light weight and convenient wearing; because the adopted packaging layer is made of flexible polymer, the packaging layer has small rigidity and is easy to bend, and can realize close contact with the skin of a human body, thereby ensuring the detection precision. The physiological sound detection device can detect and record human physiological sound signals in real time, and the performance of the physiological sound detection device is not influenced by noise environment and skin sweat. The physiological sound detection device can detect sound signals generated by various human physiological activities, for example, the physiological sound detection device can detect heart sound by being attached to a proper position of a chest, can detect bowel sounds by being attached to a proper position of an abdomen, can be attached to a sounding position of a throat and the like, and has wide application.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which should not be construed as limiting the invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the technical scheme obtained by adopting the mode of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation is within the protection scope of the invention.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2024093824A1 (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2024-05-10 | 歌尔科技有限公司 | Method and apparatus for detecting physiological sound acquisition position, terminal device, and medium |
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Application publication date: 20210413 |