CN112635598B - Solar cell module and packaging method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application discloses a solar cell assembly and a packaging method thereof, comprising: a solar cell; a first encapsulation layer and a second encapsulation layer, wherein the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer are respectively disposed on two sides of the solar cell; a first sealing layer The first sealing member surrounds the surrounding of the solar cell, the first sealing member includes a metal part and a sealing part which are connected, and the sealing part is respectively bonded with the first packaging layer and the second packaging layer, wherein the metal part and the sealing glue The first part is that the sealing material including the metal material and the organic bonding material is formed by the separation of the metal phase and the organic phase during the heat treatment. The solar cell module and its packaging method provided by the present application can improve the sealing performance of the packaging structure around the solar cell through the first sealing member, thereby improving the power generation performance and service life of the solar cell. During the heating process of the pressure treatment, the preparation of the first sealing member is simultaneously realized, and the packaging efficiency of the solar cell assembly is improved.

Description

Solar cell module and packaging method thereof

technical field

The present invention generally relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and specifically relates to a solar cell assembly and a packaging method thereof.

Background technique

At present, perovskite solar cell modules are favored by the market due to their high photoelectric conversion efficiency and other advantages, and are developing rapidly. Since perovskite solar cells can react with substances such as water vapor and oxygen in the environment, which makes perovskite minerals decompose and fail, it is necessary to encapsulate perovskite solar cells for sealing protection.

Most of the encapsulation materials used to encapsulate the perovskite solar cells are polyolefin (POE) or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), but the permeability of the encapsulation materials to substances such as water vapor and oxygen is relatively high. It will penetrate a lot of water vapor and oxygen and other substances, which will seriously affect the power generation performance of perovskite solar cell modules, and even lead to the failure of perovskite solar cell modules.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, it is desirable to provide a solar cell module and a packaging method thereof.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a solar cell module, comprising:

Solar battery;

a first encapsulation layer and a second encapsulation layer, the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer are respectively disposed on both sides of the solar cell;

A first sealing member, the first sealing member surrounds the surrounding of the solar cell, the first sealing member includes a metal part and a sealing part which are connected, and the sealing part is respectively bonded with the first packaging layer and the second packaging layer, wherein the metal part is And the sealing part is a sealing material including a metal material and an organic bonding material, which is formed by the separation of the metal phase and the organic phase during heat treatment.

Further, the sealing part of the first sealing member wraps the metal part.

Further, the first sealing member has a three-layer structure and includes a metal part, a first sealing part located inside the metal part, and a second sealing part located outside the metal part.

Further, the organic adhesive material further includes an organic active agent, and the organic active agent includes a carboxyl group and/or an amine group.

Further, the mass proportion of the organic active agent in the sealing material is 1%-10%.

Further, the mass proportion of the metal material in the sealing material is 70%-95%.

Further, the solar cell assembly further includes a third encapsulation layer adhered to the side of the first encapsulation layer close to the solar cell, and the third encapsulation layer is fused with the sealing part;

Alternatively, the solar cell assembly further comprises a fourth encapsulation layer adhered to the side of the second encapsulation layer close to the solar cell, and the fourth encapsulation layer is fused with the encapsulation part;

Alternatively, the solar cell module further comprises a third encapsulation layer adhered to the side of the first encapsulation layer close to the solar cell and a fourth encapsulation layer adhered to the side of the second encapsulation layer close to the solar cell, the third encapsulation layer and/or The fourth encapsulation layer is fused with the encapsulation part.

Further, the solar cell assembly also includes:

a second sealing member, the second sealing member surrounds the periphery of the solar cell, and the second sealing member is respectively connected with the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer;

Wherein, the second sealing member is located between the solar cell and the first sealing member, and a sealing space is formed between the second sealing member and the first sealing member.

Further, the melting point of the metal material is lower than 150° C.; and/or the metal material may be granular or bulk; and/or the material of the metal material is an alloy.

Further, the organic adhesive material includes rosin resin, polyimide resin, bismaleimide resin, epoxy resin, acrylate resin, polyvinyl butyral, polyolefin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, At least one of polyamide, polyphenylene ether, acrylic resin, phenolic resin, fluororesin, polymethyl methacrylate, polysulfone, and polyester.

In a second aspect, the present application also provides a method for encapsulating a solar cell assembly, comprising:

providing a first encapsulation layer;

disposing solar cells on the first encapsulation layer;

forming a sealing material part surrounding the periphery of the solar cell on the first encapsulation layer, the sealing material part comprising a mixture of metal material and organic bonding material;

A second encapsulation layer is disposed on the side of the solar cell away from the first encapsulation layer, and a lamination process is performed, wherein the sealing material part is separated from the organic phase by the metal phase during the heating process of the lamination process to form a metal part and an encapsulation part connected to each other. the first sealing member of the glue part, and the glue part is respectively bonded with the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer.

Further, forming a sealing material portion surrounding the periphery of the solar cell on the first encapsulation layer specifically includes:

Mix the metal material and the liquid or semi-solid organic bonding material to form a paste-like sealing material;

disposing the paste-like sealing material on the first encapsulation layer and surrounding the solar cell to form a sealing material part;

or,

The metal material and the organic adhesive material are melt-blended, and the resulting eutectic is cooled to form a solid sealing material;

The solid sealing material is disposed on the first encapsulation layer and surrounds the periphery of the solar cell to form a sealing material part.

Further, the metal material is dispersed in the organic adhesive material, and the metal material is in the form of particles and blocks.

In the solar cell module and the encapsulation method thereof provided by the present application, a first sealing member is arranged around the solar cell, and the first sealing member includes a connected metal part and a sealing part, and the metal part and the sealing part are composed of metal material and The sealing material of the organic bonding material is formed by the separation of the metal phase and the organic phase during the heat treatment. The encapsulation material has better sealing performance, which improves the sealing performance of the encapsulation structure around the solar cell, thereby improving the power generation performance and service life of the solar cell. In addition, the solar cell module can be used in the heating process of the lamination process. The preparation of the first sealing member improves the packaging efficiency of the solar cell assembly.

Description of drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar cell assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar cell assembly provided by another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar cell assembly provided by another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar cell assembly provided by still another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar cell assembly according to still another embodiment of the present application;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a sealing material provided by an embodiment of the present application;

7 is a schematic diagram of an oxide film on a surface of a metal material provided by an embodiment of the present application when the oxide film is removed by an activator;

8 is a schematic diagram of the sealing material provided in the embodiment of the present application when the organic phase and the metal phase are separated;

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a method for packaging a solar cell module provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the related invention, but not to limit the invention. In addition, it should be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the drawings.

Please refer to Figures 1 and 8, the present application provides a solar cell assembly, comprising:

solar cell 300;

the first encapsulation layer 100 and the second encapsulation layer 200, the first encapsulation layer 100 and the second encapsulation layer 200 are respectively disposed on both sides of the solar cell 300;

A first sealing member 400, the first sealing member 400 surrounds the solar cell 300, the first sealing member 400 includes a metal part 410 and a sealing part 420 connected to each other, and the sealing part 420 is respectively connected with the first packaging layer 100 and the second sealing part 420. The encapsulation layer 200 is bonded, wherein the metal part 410 and the sealant part 420 are sealing materials including the metal material 401 and the organic bonding material 403 formed by the separation of the metal phase and the organic phase during heat treatment.

In this embodiment, the solar cell assembly includes a solar cell 300 encapsulation structure, and the encapsulation structure encapsulates the solar cell 300 to seal the solar cell 300 . The sealing structure includes a first packaging layer 100, a second packaging layer 200 and a first sealing member 400. The first packaging layer 100 and the second packaging layer 200 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the solar cell 300, and the first sealing member 400 surrounds the solar cell 300. Around the solar cell 300 , the first sealing member 400 is hermetically connected to the first encapsulation layer 100 and the second encapsulation layer 200 respectively, so as to form a sealed cavity for sealing the solar cell 300 . Wherein, the first sealing member 400 can be used to seal the surrounding of the solar cell 300 .

The first sealing member 400 includes a connected metal part 410 and a sealing part 420 , and the sealing part 420 is respectively bonded to the first packaging layer 100 and the second packaging layer 200 , so as to realize the first sealing member 400 and the first packaging layer 100 . A hermetically sealed connection with the second encapsulation layer 200 . The first sealing member 400 is made of a sealing material, and the sealing material includes a mixture of a metal material 401 and an organic bonding material 403 . During the heat treatment of the sealing material, the metal phase and the organic phase are separated, so as to form the connected sealing part 420 and the metal part 410 . The sealing part 420 is formed by the aggregation of the organic adhesive material 403 , and the metal part 410 may be formed by the aggregation of the metal material 401 .

Both the sealing part 420 and the metal part 410 of the first sealing member 400 can seal the solar cell 300 , and the sealing performance of the metal part 410 against substances such as water vapor and oxygen is better than the sealing performance of the existing packaging materials. The sealing performance of the sealing member 400 is better than that of the existing packaging material, which improves the sealing performance of the packaging structure around the solar cell 300 , thereby improving the power generation performance and service life of the solar cell 300 .

In addition, the first sealing member 400 is formed by the separation of the metal phase and the organic phase during the heat treatment of the sealing material. On the one hand, a dense metal part 410 can be formed, and the preparation of the first sealing member 400 is also facilitated. The metal phase and the organic phase of the sealing material are separated simultaneously by the heat treatment of the battery module in the lamination process, so as to complete the preparation of the first sealing member 400, which significantly improves the packaging efficiency of the solar battery module.

The solar cell 300 has a light-receiving surface, wherein the first encapsulation layer 100 may be disposed above the light-receiving surface and made of transparent material, or the second encapsulation layer 200 may be disposed above the light-receiving surface and made of transparent material. The solar cell 300 may be a crystalline silicon solar cell, a perovskite solar cell, a gallium arsenide solar cell, or the like, which is not limited in this application.

Wherein, the metal material 401 may be granular, block, etc., which is not limited in the present application.

Wherein, the first sealing member 400 may be a ring shape, such as but not limited to a circular ring shape, a rectangular ring shape, etc., which is not limited in this application.

Wherein, the first sealing member 400 can be disposed between the first packaging layer 100 and the second packaging layer 200, which not only facilitates the preparation of the first sealing member 400, but also does not increase the volume of the solar cell assembly.

Referring to FIG. 2 , in some embodiments of the present application, the sealing part 420 wraps the metal part 410 .

In this embodiment, the sealing part 420 wraps the metal part 410 , and a sealing layer can be formed on both the inner and outer sides of the metal part 410 , so that the first sealing member 400 is formed into a three-layer structure. The first sealing member 400 has a three-layer structure, and specifically can be a first sealing part 421 located inside the metal part 410 , the metal part 410 , and a second sealing part 422 located outside the metal part 410 . Since the first sealing part 421 , the metal part 410 and the second sealing part 422 are all sealed, and the sealing performance of the metal part 410 in the middle layer is better than that of the first sealing part 421 and the second sealing part 422 The sealing performance can not only significantly increase the sealing performance of the first sealing member 400, but also help to increase the bonding area between the sealing part 420 and the first packaging layer 100 and the second packaging layer 200 respectively, thereby improving the first sealing performance. The adhesion strength of the components to the first encapsulation layer 100 and the second encapsulation layer 200 respectively.

The specific positional relationship between the metal part 410 and the sealing part 420 is limited by the ratio of the metal material 401 and the organic adhesive material 403 . In other embodiments, the metal part 410 may expose the sealing part 420 , for example, but not limited to, the sealing part 420 wraps around the metal part 410 or the sealing part 420 includes the surrounding and the bottom surface of the metal part 410 .

In some embodiments of the present application, the mass proportion of the metal material 401 in the sealing material is 70%-95%.

In this embodiment, by setting the mass ratio of the metal material 401 in the sealing material to 70%-95%, the ratio of the metal portion 410 in the first sealing member 400 can be increased as much as possible, and the second The adhesion performance required by the first sealing member 400 is achieved to balance the sealing performance and the bonding performance of the first sealing member 400 . Wherein, when the mass ratio of the metal material 401 in the sealing material is lower than 70%, the sealing performance of the first sealing member 400 will be affected, and when the mass ratio of the metal material 401 in the sealing material is higher than 95%, As a result, the adhesive performance of the first sealing member 400 is affected, and the adhesive strength between the encapsulation part 420 and the encapsulation layer is likely to be low.

In some embodiments of the present application, the melting point of the metal material 401 is lower than 150°C.

In this embodiment, the melting point of the metal material 401 is lower than 150° C., so that the heating temperature for separating the metal phase and the organic phase in the sealing material is not higher than the heating temperature in the lamination process of the solar cell module, which is helpful for The metal phase and the organic phase of the sealing material are separated by heat treatment in the lamination process of the solar cell module, thereby improving the encapsulation efficiency of the solar cell module.

Further, the material of the metal material 401 is an alloy. Since the melting point of the alloy is generally lower than the melting point of the pure metal forming the alloy, selecting an alloy as the material of the metal material 401 not only expands the selection range of the metal material 401 , but also facilitates the acquisition of the low melting point metal material 401 .

The material of the alloy may include at least two metals selected from silver, bismuth, lead, gallium, cadmium, tin, and indium.

In some embodiments of the present application, the organic adhesive material 403 includes rosin resin, polyimide resin, bismaleimide resin, epoxy resin, acrylate resin, polyvinyl butyral, polyolefin, At least one of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyamide, polyphenylene ether, acrylic resin, phenolic resin, fluororesin, polymethyl methacrylate, polysulfone, and polyester.

Referring to FIGS. 6-8 , in some embodiments of the present application, the organic adhesive material 403 further includes an organic active agent, and the organic active agent includes a carboxyl group and/or an amine group.

In this embodiment, the organic bonding material 403 further includes an organic active agent, and the organic active agent of the metal material 401 includes a carboxyl group (-COOH) and/or an amine group (-NH ₂ or -NHR-), and the organic active agent can not only remove The oxide film 402 on the surface of the metal material 401 can also prevent the surface of the metal material 401 from being oxidized during the subsequent sintering of the metal material 401, reduce the surface tension of the metal material 401, increase the wettability of the metal material 401, and help the organic phase When the metal material 401 is separated from the metal phase, the metal material 401 is aggregated, thereby forming a dense metal part 410 .

The organic active agent includes, but is not limited to, fatty acid, aromatic acid, amine chloride salt or ammonium chloride, and the like. The oxide film 402 on the surface of the metal material 401 (eg, metal particles) can be removed by the carboxyl group and/or the amine group.

In some embodiments of the present application, the mass ratio of the active agent in the sealing material is 1%-10%, which not only enables the sealing material to better separate the organic phase and the metal phase, but also enables the sealing material to have Better bonding properties. When the mass ratio of the active agent is less than 1%, it will affect the separation effect of the organic phase and the metal phase of the sealing material; when the mass ratio of the active agent is higher than 10%, it will affect the organic bonding material 403. adhesive properties.

Referring to FIGS. 2-5 , in some embodiments of the present application, the solar cell module further includes a third encapsulation layer 700 adhered to the side of the first encapsulation layer 100 close to the solar cell 300 , the third encapsulation layer 700 is connected to the The glue part 420 is fused;

Alternatively, the solar cell assembly further includes a fourth encapsulation layer 800 adhered to the side of the second encapsulation layer 200 close to the solar cell 300 , and the fourth encapsulation layer 800 is fused with the encapsulant portion 420 ;

Alternatively, the solar cell module further includes a third encapsulation layer 700 adhered to the side of the first encapsulation layer 100 close to the solar cell 300 and a fourth encapsulation layer 800 adhered to the side of the second encapsulation layer 200 close to the solar cell 300 . The third encapsulation layer 700 and/or the fourth encapsulation layer 800 are fused with the encapsulation part 420 .

In this embodiment, three different encapsulation structures are given, including: the first structure, the first encapsulation layer 100 is attached to the side close to the solar cell 300 with the third encapsulation layer 700 and the second encapsulation layer 200 is close to the solar cell 300. The side of the solar cell 300 is not provided with the fourth encapsulation layer 800; in the second structure, the fourth encapsulation layer 800 is adhered to the side of the second encapsulation layer 200 close to the solar cell 300 and the first encapsulation layer 100 is close to the side of the solar cell 300 The third encapsulation layer 700 is not provided; in the third structure, the first encapsulation layer 100 is adhered to the side close to the solar cell 300 with the third encapsulation layer 700, and the side of the second encapsulation layer 200 close to the solar cell 300 is adhered with the third encapsulation layer 700. Four encapsulation layers 800 .

For the first structure, please refer to FIG. 4, the third encapsulation layer 700 is disposed opposite to the solar cell 300, the third encapsulation layer 700 may be disposed adjacent to the first sealing member 400, or the third encapsulation layer 700 may extend to the first sealing member one side of the member 400 so that the first sealing member 400 is located between the third encapsulation layer 700 and the second encapsulation layer 200 . During the lamination process of the solar cell module, the third encapsulation layer 700 and the first sealing member 400 are both melted and joined together, which not only makes the first sealing member 400 and the first packaging layer 100 adhere firmly and has a sealing performance. it is good.

For the second structure, please refer to FIG. 5, the fourth encapsulation layer 800 is disposed opposite to the solar cell 300, the fourth encapsulation layer 800 may be disposed adjacent to the first sealing member 400, or the fourth encapsulation layer 800 may extend to the first sealing member one side of the member 400 so that the first sealing member 400 is located between the first encapsulation layer 100 and the fourth encapsulation layer 800 . During the lamination process of the solar cell module, the fourth encapsulation layer 800 and the first sealing member 400 are both melted and joined together, which not only makes the first sealing member 400 and the second packaging layer 200 adhere firmly and has a sealing performance. it is good.

For the third structure, please refer to FIG. 3 , both the third encapsulation layer 700 and the fourth encapsulation layer 800 are disposed opposite to the solar cell 300 , and at least one of them may be disposed adjacent to the first sealing member 400 or at least one of them may extend to the first sealing member 400 . One side of seal 400. For example, the third encapsulation layer 700 and the fourth encapsulation layer 800 extend to two sides of the first sealing member 400 respectively, so that the first sealing member 400 is located between the third packaging layer 700 and the fourth packaging layer 800 . During the lamination process of the solar cell module, the third encapsulation layer 700 and the first sealing member 400 are both melted and bonded together, and the fourth packaging layer 800 and the first sealing member 400 are both melted and bonded together. The first sealing member 400 , the first encapsulation layer 100 and the second encapsulation layer 200 are firmly bonded and have good sealing performance.

It should be understood that since the third encapsulation layer 700 , the fourth encapsulation layer 800 and the first sealing member 400 all include adhesive materials, when the first sealing member 400 and the third packaging layer 700 are welded, the first sealing member 400 Part of the organic adhesive material 403 of the first sealing member 400 will be mixed with the third packaging layer 700. When the first sealing member 400 and the fourth packaging layer 800 are welded, part of the organic bonding material 403 of the first sealing member 400 will be mixed with the fourth packaging layer 800. Layers 800 are mixed together.

Wherein, the materials of the third encapsulation layer 700 and the fourth encapsulation layer 800 may include at least epoxy resin, acrylic resin, polyurethane, cyanoacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polydimethylsiloxane, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer One or more of ethylene-octene copolymer (EVA), ethylene-octene copolymer (POE), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or silica gel.

Wherein, both the first encapsulation layer 100 and the second encapsulation layer 200 include but are not limited to a glass cover plate or a transparent polymer cover plate. Wherein, the glass cover plate includes but is not limited to ultra-white low-iron tempered glass, semi-tempered glass, soda lime glass, alkali-free glass or coated glass. Transparent polymer covers such as but not limited to TPT covers, TPE covers, KPE covers, KPK covers, KPC covers, KPF covers or are coated with insulating layers, adhesive layers and/or fluoropolymers Composite polymer multi-layer structure cover plate, etc. T stands for polyvinyl fluoride polyvinyl formal (PVF), P stands for polyethylene terephthalate (PET), K stands for polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and E stands for ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) , C represents the fluorine-containing coating material. The material of the insulating layer includes, but is not limited to, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polypropylene (PP).

In some embodiments of the present application, the solar cell assembly further includes:

The second sealing member 500, the second sealing member 500 surrounds the surrounding of the solar cell 300, and the second sealing member 500 is respectively connected with the first packaging layer 100 and the second packaging layer 200;

The second sealing member 500 is located between the solar cell 300 and the first sealing member 400 , and a sealing space 600 is formed between the second sealing member 500 and the first sealing member 400 .

In this embodiment, the second sealing member 500 surrounds the solar cell 300 and is located between the solar cell 300 and the first sealing member 400 , and the second sealing member 500 is connected to the first packaging layer 100 and the second packaging layer 200 respectively. When connected, the second sealing member 500 can block water vapor, oxygen and other substances passing through the first sealing member 400 again, so as to further improve the sealing performance of the packaging structure around the solar cell 300 .

A sealed space 600 is formed between the second sealing member 500 and the first sealing member 400. Even if there are substances such as water vapor and oxygen passing through the first sealing member 400, they will enter the sealed space 600 and be confined in the sealed space 600. Further, The sealing reliability of the package structure is improved.

Wherein, the material of the second sealing member 500 may at least include epoxy resin, acrylic resin, polyurethane, cyanoacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polydimethylsiloxane, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethylene-vinyl acetate One or more of octene copolymer (POE), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or silica gel.

It should be understood that the shape of the sealed space 600 between the first sealing member 400 and the second sealing member 500 is determined by the shapes of the components enclosing the sealed space 600 . The component includes a first sealing member 400, a second sealing member 500, or includes the first sealing member 400, the second sealing member 500, and a packaging adhesive film in the packaging layer. Since the shapes of the first sealing member 400 , the second sealing member 500 and the packaging adhesive film are uncertain after the lamination process, the shape of the sealing space 600 may be a continuous annular structure, or a partial annular structure, etc. There are no restrictions on the application.

Further, when the first encapsulation layer 100 includes the third encapsulation layer 700, the second encapsulation member 500 may be disposed between the third encapsulation layer 700 and the second encapsulation layer 200, not only making the second encapsulation member 500 and the first encapsulation layer The bonding between the layers 100 is firm and the sealing performance is good. When the second encapsulation layer 200 includes the fourth encapsulation layer 800 , the second encapsulation member 500 may be disposed between the fourth encapsulation layer 800 and the first encapsulation layer 100 , not only the second encapsulation member 500 and the second encapsulation layer 200 The bonding is firm and the sealing performance is good. When the first encapsulation layer 100 includes the third encapsulation layer 700 and the second encapsulation layer 200 includes the fourth encapsulation layer 800, the second sealing member 500 may be disposed between the third encapsulation layer 700 and the fourth encapsulation layer 800, not only making the The second sealing member 500 , the first encapsulation layer 100 and the second encapsulation layer 200 are firmly bonded and have good sealing performance.

Of course, in other embodiments, the area between the first sealing member 400 and the second sealing member 500 is filled with the encapsulating adhesive film, so that there is no gap between the first sealing member 400 and the second sealing member 500 .

Referring to FIG. 9, the present application also provides a method for encapsulating a solar cell assembly, including:

S100: providing the first encapsulation layer 100;

S200: disposing the solar cell 300 on the first encapsulation layer 100;

S300 : forming a sealing material part surrounding the periphery of the solar cell 300 on the first packaging layer 100 , the sealing material part comprising a mixture of the metal material 401 and the organic bonding material 403 ;

S400: Disposing the second encapsulation layer 200 on the side of the solar cell 300 away from the first encapsulation layer 100, and performing a lamination process, wherein the sealing material part is separated from the metal phase and the organic phase during the heating process of the lamination process to form a connecting The metal part 410 and the first sealing member 400 of the sealing part 420 are respectively bonded with the first packaging layer 100 and the second packaging layer 200 .

In this embodiment, the solar cell 300 and the sealing material portion surrounding the solar cell 300 are arranged on the first encapsulation layer 100 , and then the second encapsulation layer is laid on the side of the solar cell 300 away from the first encapsulation layer 100 200 and processed by lamination to prepare a solar cell module. Among them, the heating temperature in the lamination process is 140-160°C, which is higher than the melting point of the metal material 401 and the organic adhesive material 403, so the metal phase and the organic phase of the sealing material part can be simultaneously separated during the lamination process to The first sealing member 400 is prepared and formed, and the sealing part 420 of the first sealing member 400 is respectively bonded to the first packaging layer 100 and the second packaging layer 200, thereby improving the packaging efficiency of the solar cell module.

Wherein, the metal material is dispersed in the organic bonding material, and/or the metal material is in the form of particles or blocks.

It should be understood that the encapsulation method of this embodiment can be used to prepare and form the solar cell assembly in the above embodiment.

In some embodiments of the present application, a sealing material portion surrounding the periphery of the solar cell 300 is formed on the first packaging layer 100, and specifically includes:

Mixing the metal material 401 and the liquid or semi-solid organic bonding material 403 to form a paste-like sealing material;

disposing the paste-like sealing material on the first packaging layer 100 and surrounding the solar cell 300 to form a sealing material portion;

or,

The metal material 401 and the organic adhesive material are melt-blended, and the resulting eutectic is cooled to form a solid sealing material;

A solid sealing material is disposed on the first encapsulation layer 100 and surrounds the periphery of the solar cell 300 to form a sealing material portion.

In this embodiment, there are at least two ways to form the sealing material portion on the first encapsulation layer 100 . A paste-like sealing material is obtained, and the paste-like sealing material is arranged on the first encapsulation layer 100 and surrounds the solar cell 300 to form a sealing material part; the second method is: the metal material 401 and the organic adhesive material 403 Melt blending is performed, the resulting eutectic is cooled to form a solid sealing material, and then the solid sealing material is disposed on the first encapsulation layer 100 and surrounds the solar cell 300 to form a sealing material part.

In the first manner, a paste-like sealing material may be formed on the first encapsulation layer 100 by means of printing, needle dispensing or spraying.

In the second way, the eutectic can be placed in a mold to cool and shape to obtain the desired shape of the sealing material part, or the formed solid sealing material can be cut and spliced to form the desired shape of the sealing material part , and the solid sealing material can be bonded to the first encapsulation layer 100 through an adhesive. Among them, the binder includes but is not limited to synthetic polymer binders, specifically including polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl acetal, acrylate, polystyrene, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, unsaturated polyester , one or more of butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, phenolic-polyvinyl acetal or epoxy-polyamide.

During the lamination process, the organic adhesive material 403 and the encapsulation film will melt and flow, and the cross-linking agent (such as tert-butylperoxycarbonate-2-ethyl peroxide) in the organic adhesive material 403 and the encapsulation film Hexyl ester or dicumyl peroxide, etc.) are thermally decomposed to generate free radicals, triggering a cross-linking reaction between polymer molecules, so that the adhesive, the encapsulation film and the organic bonding material 403 are fused and cross-linked into one The network structure can significantly reduce or even avoid the occurrence of cracks and air bubbles, and improve the bonding strength and reliability.

In some embodiments of the present application, before step S300, it further includes:

A second sealing member 500 is formed on the first encapsulation layer 100 , and the second sealing member 500 is located between the solar cell 300 and the first sealing member 400 and surrounds the periphery of the solar cell 300 .

The manner of forming the second sealing member 500 includes, but is not limited to, printing, smearing, needle dispensing or spraying.

It should be understood that the order of disposing the solar cell 300 , the sealing material portion and the second sealing member 500 on the first encapsulation layer 100 in the present application is not limited, and can be exchanged according to usage requirements.

It should be understood that the terms "center", "portrait", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical" "," "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description , rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and an illustration of the applied technical principles. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to the technical solution formed by the specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, and should also cover the above-mentioned technical features without departing from the inventive concept. Other technical solutions formed by any combination of its equivalent features. For example, a technical solution is formed by replacing the above-mentioned features with the technical features disclosed in this application (but not limited to) with similar functions.

Claims (15)

1. A solar cell module, comprising:

a solar cell;

the first packaging layer and the second packaging layer are respectively arranged on two sides of the solar cell;

the first sealing element surrounds the periphery of the solar cell, the first sealing element comprises a metal part and a sealing part which are connected, the sealing part is respectively bonded with the first packaging layer and the second packaging layer, and the metal part and the sealing part are formed by separating a metal phase from an organic phase during heating treatment of a sealing material comprising a metal material and an organic bonding material.

2. The solar cell module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sealant portion of the first sealing member wraps the metal portion.

3. The solar cell module as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first sealing member is a three-layer structure including a metal portion, a first sealing portion located inside the metal portion, and a second sealing portion located outside the metal portion.

4. The solar cell assembly of claim 1 wherein the organic bonding material further comprises an organic active agent comprising a carboxyl group and/or an amine group.

5. The solar cell module according to claim 4, wherein the organic active agent is present in the sealing material in an amount of 1 to 10% by mass.

6. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the metal material is present in the sealing material in a proportion of 70 to 95% by mass.

7. The solar cell module as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a third encapsulant layer adhered to the first encapsulant layer on a side thereof adjacent to the solar cell, wherein the third encapsulant layer is fused with the encapsulant portion;

or, the solar cell further comprises a fourth packaging layer adhered to one side of the second packaging layer close to the solar cell, and the fourth packaging layer is fused with the sealing part;

or, the solar cell module further comprises a third packaging layer and a fourth packaging layer, wherein the third packaging layer is bonded to one side, close to the solar cell, of the first packaging layer, and the fourth packaging layer is bonded to one side, close to the solar cell, of the second packaging layer, and the third packaging layer and/or the fourth packaging layer are/is fused with the sealing part.

8. The solar cell module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising:

the second sealing element surrounds the periphery of the solar cell, and is connected with the first packaging layer and the second packaging layer respectively;

wherein the second sealing member is positioned between the solar cell and the first sealing member, and a sealing space is formed between the second sealing member and the first sealing member.

9. The solar cell module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the melting point of the metal material is below 150 ℃.

10. The solar cell module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metal material is in the form of particles and blocks.

11. The solar cell module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metal material is an alloy.

12. The solar cell module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic adhesive material comprises at least one of rosin resin, polyimide resin, bismaleimide resin, epoxy resin, acrylate resin, polyvinyl butyral, polyolefin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyamide, polyphenylene oxide, phenol resin, fluorine resin, and polysulfone.

13. The solar cell module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic adhesive material comprises at least one of acrylic resin and polymethyl methacrylate.

14. A method for encapsulating a solar cell module, comprising:

providing a first packaging layer;

disposing a solar cell on the first encapsulation layer;

forming a sealing material part surrounding the solar cell on the first encapsulation layer, the sealing material part including a mixture of a metal material and an organic adhesive material;

and arranging a second packaging layer on one side of the solar cell far away from the first packaging layer, and performing lamination treatment, wherein the sealing material part is separated from an organic phase through a metal phase in the heating process of the lamination treatment to form a first sealing member with a connected metal part and a sealing part, and the sealing part is respectively bonded with the first packaging layer and the second packaging layer.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein forming a sealant portion around the solar cell on the first encapsulant layer comprises:

mixing a metal material and a liquid or semi-solid organic bonding material to form a pasty sealing material;

disposing the sealing material in paste form on the first encapsulating layer and around the solar cell to form a sealing material portion;

or,

melting and blending a metal material and an organic bonding material, and cooling the generated eutectic to form a solid sealing material;

and arranging the solid sealing material on the first packaging layer and surrounding the periphery of the solar cell to form a sealing material part.

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