CN112606876B - Urban rail train obstacle detection device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a device for dealing with obstacle collision and detection in order to solve the problem of obstacle collision of an urban rail transit train in rail running and prevent accidents caused by collision.

Description

Urban rail train obstacle detection device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of urban rail trains, in particular to an obstacle detection device for urban rail trains.

Background technique

With the acceleration of urbanization, the demand for urban transportation continues to increase, and urban rail transit plays an increasingly important role in the field of public transportation. With the development of urban rail transit, taking into account the needs of efficient operation and safety, obstacles on the running line are extremely harmful. When obstacles are encountered, destructive collisions will occur at light, and major accidents such as derailment will be caused at worst. Therefore, On-orbit obstacle detection research becomes necessary.

At present, non-contact detection devices have been developed at home and abroad as the future direction of obstacle detection. However, due to the limited existing technology and insufficient reliability, they cannot be widely used. At the same time, considering the characteristics of urban rail transit, that is, The train travel speed is in the range of 0-100km/h, and the reliability of the non-contact detection method is lacking. Considering the use of the contact detection device to highlight its reliability, when the obstacle is relatively light, the detection device can be detected by a slight collision. Obstacles pop out of the running track surface. When encountering heavy obstacles, the normal trigger mechanism can be activated to trigger train braking to avoid accidents or deterioration.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a device for dealing with and detecting obstacle collisions that meets the needs of safe running of subway trains. The device adopts a contact obstacle detection method to remove small obstacles through light collisions without affecting the train. Driving, and detect large obstacles through heavy collisions, effectively trigger train braking, and timely curb the occurrence or deterioration of accidents.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is an obstacle detection device for urban rail trains, including a control unit and an obstacle detection equipment unit, the control unit is installed inside the carriage, and the obstacle detection equipment unit is installed on the bogie at the front or rear of the train The front end; the obstacle detection device is directly or indirectly connected with the train control and management system TCMS and the brake loop to transmit information or control commands; the obstacle detection equipment unit includes a fixed and height adjustment mechanism, a limit trigger device , buffer vibration absorption mechanism, detection beam, resistance plate, safety traction rope; the obstacle detection equipment unit and the control unit are connected by cables, and their electrical connection interfaces are located on the limit trigger device and the resistance plate respectively. The detection beam and the rail surface Parallel with spacing settings.

Further, the fixation and height adjustment mechanism includes two groups, which are respectively arranged at the relative positions on both sides of the detection beam. The fixation and height adjustment mechanism connects the bogie with the body of the obstacle detection equipment unit. The fixation and height adjustment The mechanism includes a bogie installation interface board and an obstacle detection unit installation board, which are connected by bolts and nuts.

Further, a waist-shaped hole is opened on the installation plate of the obstacle detection unit, which is used for the upper and lower elevation adjustment of the equipment, and the structure of the bogie installation interface plate and the installation plate of the obstacle detection unit adopts a wedge-shaped tooth structure, For connection interlocking in vertical direction.

Further, the buffer vibration absorption mechanism includes 1 non-metallic end, 2 linear bearings, 2 long sleeves, and 2 buffer vibration absorption springs. The end face of the opening hole on the end is flush with two linear bearings and fastened with screws. The two long sleeves respectively penetrate the linear bearing and protrude from the installation end face of the linear bearing to set a distance. The outer wall of the long sleeve and the inner wall of the linear bearing For clearance fit, the two buffer springs are respectively sleeved on the protruding shaft walls of the two long sleeves, one end is axially limited by the linear bearing or the end face of the non-metal end, and the two sets of long bolts pass through the sleeves respectively and are connected in series. It is connected to the corresponding via hole of the mounting plate, the back side of the via hole is locked by the nut, the axial end face of one end of the sleeve is limited by the wall surface of the mounting plate, and the axial end face of the other end is limited by the end face of the long bolt cap or the gasket, buffering The other end of the spring is axially limited by the wall of the mounting plate.

Further, the non-metal end head is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

Further, the detection beam is formed by bending a rectangular aluminum profile with a cross-sectional size of 120*60*3, and the whole is a symmetrical bending shape, the middle part is convex, and the middle is over-curved.

Further, the limit trigger device includes 3 sets of redundant limit switches, the limit switches are provided with limit rods, the limit trigger device is fixed on the installation plate of the obstacle detection unit, and the limit rod protruding device Box, the limit rod and the front-end detection beam back wall maintain an effective trigger calculation distance, when an obstacle collides, the detection beam is displaced backward by the impact force, and the buffer spring is compressed and touches the limit rod to trigger the obstacle. Detection guarantee mechanism, 3 groups of limit switches adopt 3 out of 2 voting mechanism, when two groups of limit switches are triggered at the same time, the trigger signal is valid.

Further, the obstacle detection equipment unit adopts contact collision detection.

Further, also include derailment detection equipment unit, described derailment detection equipment unit includes 2 resistance plates, described resistance plates and control unit are connected by cables, and described 2 resistance plates are respectively installed in the lower part of the detection beam. end.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the train obstacle detection device of the present invention can bring operational safety guarantee to rail transit operating vehicles, avoid major accidents caused by collisions, thereby avoid casualties of passengers and major economic losses, and can ensure the traffic safety of citizens , to improve the economic efficiency of the operating unit.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main controller motherboard of the obstacle detection device for urban rail trains according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of the derailment detection equipment unit of the obstacle detection device for urban rail trains according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of the buffering and shock absorbing mechanism of the obstacle detection device for urban rail trains according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 3 .

FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a limit triggering device of an obstacle detection device for an urban rail train according to the present invention.

Markings in the figure: 1-Fixing and height adjustment mechanism, 2-Limit trigger device, 3-Buffer vibration absorption mechanism, 4-Detection beam, 5-Resistance plate, 6-Safety traction rope, 7-Non-metal end, 8- Linear bearing, 9-long sleeve, 10-buffer spring, 11-long bolt, 12-limit switch, 13-limit rod.

Detailed ways

The invention will now be further described with reference to Figures 1 to 5. The present invention discloses an obstacle detection device for urban rail trains. The device includes a control unit and an obstacle detection equipment unit. The control unit is installed inside the carriage, and the obstacle The object detection equipment unit is installed at the front end of the front bogie; the whole vehicle can adopt two sets of systems, which are respectively installed at the corresponding positions of the front and rear of the vehicle; the obstacle detection device is directly or indirectly connected with the train control and management system TCMS and the brake loop. To instruct information transmission or control commands;

The obstacle detection equipment unit includes a fixed and height adjustment mechanism 1, a limit trigger device 2, a buffer vibration absorption mechanism 3, a detection beam 4, a resistance plate 5, and a safety traction rope 6; the obstacle detection equipment unit and the control unit are connected by cables. The electrical connection interfaces are respectively located on the limit trigger device 2 and the resistance plate 5 .

The obstacle detection equipment unit adopts contact collision detection. When the train encounters a lightweight obstacle, the obstacle collides with the detection beam 4, and the detection beam 4 of the obstacle detection device and the buffer vibration absorption mechanism 3 work together to buffer the collision force of the obstacle, and at the same time, the obstacle is ejected for driving. Rail surface, and does not affect the train running, to ensure the safety of the train and testing equipment.

When the train encounters a large obstacle, the detection beam 4 and the buffer vibration absorption mechanism 3 of the obstacle detection device cannot fully absorb the collision force. When the buffer spring 10 in the buffer vibration absorption mechanism 3 is compressed to the set stroke, the detection beam 4. The wall surface comes into contact with the limit triggering device 2 to generate an electric control trigger signal to trigger the emergency braking of the brake loop. The control unit receives the signal and reports it to the train TCMS system, and each control unit makes corresponding braking control to ensure driving safety;

The obstacle detection equipment unit also takes into account the derailment detection function. The main detection component is a resistance plate 5. The resistance plate 5 is connected to the control unit through a cable. The two resistance plates 5 are respectively installed at both ends of the lower position of the detection beam 4. The planes are parallel and keep the set distance. When the train derails, the detection beam 4 must contact the rail surface, and at the same time contact the resistance plate 5. The resistance plate 5 and the rail form a conduction current. The main control unit detects the current signal and identifies the The vehicle derails, and the emergency braking is triggered and reported to the train TCMS system in time to avoid a larger train accident;

The control unit includes power module 1, power module 2, sensor input board, sensor processing board, DI dry contact board, working backplane, structural chassis, etc. The control unit includes functions including obstacle collision detection and processing functions, contact type Derailment detection, on-orbit detection, self-diagnosis and fault protection, data recording, MVB, DI, EB dry contacts, communication, redundancy, PTU and other basic functions. The MVB, DI, and EB dry contacts communicate with the TCMS to transmit instructions, status and fault data. The control unit is connected in series to the vehicle braking loop through the EB dry contact to ensure that the obstacle detection and detection system can directly control the emergency braking of the vehicle.

The mainframe power module adopts a dual hot-standby redundant architecture, which can realize the power supply redundancy function. When the single power supply fails, the backup power supply can be automatically switched, and the normal operation of the system will not be affected during the failover. The fixation and height adjustment mechanism 1 of the obstacle detection equipment unit includes two groups, which are respectively located at the relative positions on both sides of the detection beam 4. As an intermediate link, the bogie is effectively connected with the body of the obstacle detection equipment unit. Adjustment mechanism 1 includes a bogie mounting interface plate and an obstacle detection unit mounting plate. The two are connected by bolts and nuts. The mounting plate is provided with a waist-shaped hole to realize the upper and lower elevation adjustment of the equipment. The interface plate and the mounting plate are wedge-shaped in structure. The tooth structure realizes the connection and interlock in the vertical direction, and ensures the stable connection between the bogie installation interface board and the obstacle detection unit installation board.

The limit trigger device 2 of the obstacle detection equipment unit includes three sets of redundant limit switches 12 , the limit trigger device 2 is fixed on the installation plate of the obstacle detection unit, the limit rod 13 protrudes out of the device box, and the limit switch 12 The limit rod 13 maintains a calculated distance for effective triggering from the rear wall of the front-end detection beam 4. When an obstacle collides, the detection beam 4 is displaced backward by the impact force, and the buffer spring 10 is compressed and then touches the limit rod of the limit switch 12. 13. Trigger the obstacle detection guarantee mechanism. The 3 groups of limit switches 12 adopt a 3 out of 2 voting mechanism. When two groups of limit switches 12 are triggered at the same time (NC signal is disconnected, NO signal is closed), the trigger signal is valid.

The limit switch 12 is a general-purpose triggered function-based switch, such as a microswitch.

The installation board of the obstacle detection unit is provided with a limit switch 12 to protect the boss, the boss is a calculated height, which can not only ensure the effective triggering of the limit switch 12 in the case of an over-limit collision force, but also protect the limit switch 12 from not being able to. The collision damage of the detected beam 4;

The buffer vibration absorption mechanism 3 of the obstacle detection equipment unit includes two groups, which are located at the relative positions on both sides of the detection beam 4, which effectively connect the mounting plate and the detection beam 4 as an intermediate link. Metal end 7, 2 linear bearings 8, 2 long sleeves 9, 2 shock absorption springs, attached fastening bolts, nuts and washers, etc. Non-metal end 7 and detection beam 4 are fastened with bolts and nuts. Two linear bearings 8 are embedded flush on the end face of the opening on the non-metal end 7 and fastened with screws. The two long sleeves 9 respectively penetrate the linear bearing 8 and protrude from the mounting end face of the linear bearing 8 by a set distance. The outer wall of the sleeve 9 and the inner wall of the linear bearing 8 retain the axial freedom for clearance fit to satisfy the axial sliding displacement of the linear bearing on the long sleeve 9, and the two buffer springs 10 are respectively sleeved on the protruding shafts of the two long sleeves 9. On the wall, one end is axially limited by the end face of the linear bearing 8 or the non-metallic end 7, and two sets of long bolts pass through the sleeve respectively, and are connected in series to the corresponding through holes of the mounting plate, and the back of the through holes is locked by a nut The axial end face of one end of the sleeve is limited by the wall surface of the mounting plate, the axial end face of the other end is limited by the cap end face of the long bolt 11 or the gasket, and the other end of the buffer spring 10 is axially limited by the wall surface of the mounting plate. It is satisfied that the detection beam 4 carries the linear bearing 8 to slide axially on the sleeve and compresses the buffer spring 10. The length of the linear bearing 8 and the parameters of the buffer spring 10 are determined by design calculation. The buffering and vibration-absorbing mechanism 3 realizes the buffering and vibration-absorbing function through the effective deformation of the non-metal end 7 and the compression of the spring, and the buffering and vibration-absorbing capacity is determined by calculation.

The two ends of the detection beam 4 of the obstacle detection equipment unit are respectively connected with the non-metallic end heads 7 on both sides by bolts. Symmetrical bending shape, the middle part is convex to set the size, and the middle adopts excessive curve, and the structural form meets the collision vibration absorption capacity and the transmission of the collision force. The non-metal end 7 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, has sufficient strength and plasticity, and is rigidly connected with the detection beam 4. After the collision, the two together deform together, effectively achieving a balance between collision force transmission and deformation vibration absorption.

The safety traction rope 6 of the obstacle detection equipment unit is used as a secondary protection mechanism for the train and obstacle detection equipment. When the obstacle detection equipment falls due to special factors, it plays the role of hanging and restraining, preventing its equipment from falling off the rail. cause more accidents.

The obstacle detection equipment unit integrates the derailment detection function. The main detection component is an eddy current sensor. The eddy current sensor is connected to the control unit by a cable. The two eddy current sensors are installed at both ends of the lower part of the detection beam. And keep the set distance, the main control unit monitors the eddy current status signal in real time. When the train derails, the eddy current sensor at the lower part of the detection beam will inevitably contact the rail surface, causing the eddy current value of the eddy current sensor to change. Change the signal, identify the derailment of the vehicle, immediately report to the TCMS system of the train control and management system and trigger the emergency braking loop, and apply emergency braking to avoid a larger train accident.

Claims (7)

1. Urban rail train obstacle detection device, it is characterized in that: comprise control unit and obstacle detection equipment unit, described control unit is installed in carriage interior, and obstacle detection equipment unit is installed at the front end of bogie at front or rear; The obstacle detection device is directly or indirectly connected with the train control and management system TCMS and the brake loop to transmit instruction information or control commands; the obstacle detection equipment unit includes a fixed and height adjustment mechanism, a limit trigger device, a buffer Vibration absorption mechanism, detection beam, resistance plate, safety traction rope; the obstacle detection equipment unit and the control unit are connected by cables, and their electrical connection interfaces are respectively located on the limit trigger device and the resistance plate, and the detection beam is parallel to the rail surface. spacing settings, The fixation and height adjustment mechanism includes two groups, which are respectively arranged at the relative positions on both sides of the detection beam. The fixation and height adjustment mechanism connects the bogie with the obstacle detection equipment unit. The fixation and height adjustment mechanism includes the bogie. Install the interface board and the installation board of the obstacle detection unit, which are connected by bolts and nuts; the buffer vibration absorption mechanism includes 1 non-metallic end, 2 linear bearings, 2 long sleeves, 2 buffer springs, non-metallic The end head and the detection beam are fastened with bolts and nuts. The end face of the opening on the non-metal end head is flush with two linear bearings and fastened with screws. The two long sleeves respectively penetrate the linear bearing and protrude from the linear bearing. The distance between the installation end face is set, the outer wall of the long sleeve and the inner wall of the linear bearing are in clearance fit, the two buffer springs are respectively sleeved on the two long sleeves protruding shaft walls, and one end is axially limited by the end face of the linear bearing or non-metal end. The two sets of long bolts pass through the long sleeve respectively, and are connected in series to the corresponding through holes of the obstacle detection unit installation plate. The limit of the wall surface, the axial end face of the other end is limited by the end face of the long bolt cap or the gasket, and the other end of the buffer spring is axially limited by the wall surface of the installation plate of the obstacle detection unit. 2. The obstacle detection device for urban rail trains according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mounting plate of the obstacle detection unit is provided with a waist-shaped hole for adjusting the upper and lower elevations of the equipment, and the bogie The installation interface board and the installation board of the obstacle detection unit adopt a wedge-shaped tooth structure on the structure, which is used for the connection and interlocking in the vertical direction. 3 . The obstacle detection device for urban rail trains according to claim 1 , wherein the non-metal end is made of polytetrafluoroethylene. 4 . 4 . The obstacle detection device for urban rail trains according to claim 1 , wherein the detection beam is formed by bending a rectangular aluminum profile with a cross-sectional size of 120*60*3, and the whole is symmetrically bent. 5 . Shape, the middle part is convex, and the middle is over-curved. 5. The obstacle detection device for urban rail trains according to claim 1, wherein the limit triggering device comprises three sets of redundant limit switches, the limit switches are provided with limit rods, and the limit switches The triggering device is fixed on the installation plate of the obstacle detection unit, and the limit rod protrudes out of the device box. The limit rod and the rear wall of the front-end detection beam maintain an effective triggering distance. When an obstacle collides, the detection beam is impacted. The force is displaced backward, the buffer spring is compressed and the limit rod is touched to trigger the obstacle detection guarantee mechanism. The three groups of limit switches adopt a 3 out of 2 voting mechanism. When two groups of limit switches are triggered at the same time, the trigger signal is valid. . 6 . The obstacle detection device for urban rail trains according to claim 1 , wherein the obstacle detection equipment unit adopts contact collision detection. 7 . 7. The urban rail train obstacle detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: further comprising a derailment detection equipment unit, the derailment detection equipment unit comprising 2 resistance plates, and the resistance plates and the control unit pass through For cable connection, the two resistance plates are respectively installed at both ends of the lower part of the detection beam.

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