CN112605557A - HGH1131 welding wire and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
HGH1131 welding wire and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OGSYQYXYGXIQFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni].[Mo] OGSYQYXYGXIQFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018505 Ni—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 101000912561 Bos taurus Fibrinogen gamma-B chain Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3066—Fe as the principal constituent with Ni as next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
- B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an HGH1131 welding wire and a preparation method thereof, wherein the welding wire comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.1 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.8 percent of Si, less than or equal to 1.2 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of S, 19.0 to 22.0 percent of Cr, 25.0 to 30.0 percent of Ni, 4.8 to 6.0 percent of W, 2.8 to 3.5 percent of Mo, 0.7 to 1.3 percent of Nb, 0.15 to 0.3 percent of N, and the balance of Fe. The finished welding wire product of the invention has no defects of oil stain, oxide, dust and the like, has bright surface, has no obvious upwarp and distortion after the finished wire rod is freely paid off, and has high strength and good high-temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of alloys, in particular to an HGH1131 welding wire and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The alloy welding wire is widely applied to petrochemical industry, metallurgy, atomic energy, ocean development, aviation, aerospace and other industries, solves the problem of engineering corrosion which cannot be solved by common stainless steel, other metals and non-metallic materials, and is a very important corrosion-resistant metal material. Therefore, in addition to the welding performance and yield of the welding wire itself, the high temperature oxidation resistance, tensile strength, erosion resistance and corrosion resistance of the welding wire are also very important considerations. At present, the nickel-based welding wire generated based on the national standard can not meet the welding requirements under some special application environments basically, so that the element composition and the production process of the present alloy welding wire need to be optimized, and the present alloy welding wire can meet higher application requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides the HGH1131 welding wire and the preparation method thereof, the welding wire has reasonable component design, good mechanical property, high strength, good high-temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, tensile strength of Rm which can reach not less than 700Mpa, no defects of oil stain, oxide, dust and the like, bright surface and no obvious tilting and distortion after the finished wire rod is freely paid off.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an HGH1131 welding wire, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.1 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.8 percent of Si, less than or equal to 1.2 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of S, 19.0 to 22.0 percent of Cr, 25.0 to 30.0 percent of Ni, 4.8 to 6.0 percent of W, 2.8 to 3.5 percent of Mo, 0.7 to 1.3 percent of Nb, 0.15 to 0.3 percent of N, and the balance of Fe.
Preferably, the total amount of other impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.0050.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the HGH1131 welding wire, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing raw materials: preparing materials according to the designed components, and strictly baking all materials according to the system;
(2) vacuum smelting: putting the raw materials into a vacuum furnace for smelting, and performing according to a welding wire smelting process, wherein the vacuum degree in a melting period is less than 8Pa, the vacuum degree in a refining period is less than or equal to 8Pa, performing high-temperature instantaneous refining at least twice and low-temperature long-time refining at one time, raising the steel temperature to 1520 ℃/1-2 minutes, lowering the steel temperature to 1460 ℃, enabling the refining time to be more than or equal to 25 minutes, refining the steel at 1480 ℃, not filling argon in the whole process, tapping the steel at 1520 ℃, and casting into 38Kg of electrode bars;
(3) electroslag remelting: adopting electroslag remelting equipment to carry out an electroslag remelting process on the electrode rod to obtain an electroslag steel ingot, wherein a slag system executes the existing process formula and the electroslag process, the surface of the electrode rod is clean and free of impurities, and shrinkage cavities at two ends are cut and cleaned;
(4) forging: placing the electroslag steel ingot into a forging furnace, heating at 1130-1150 ℃, wherein the heating rate in the heating process is less than or equal to 300 ℃/h, the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 40 minutes, the forging specification is 45 mm-45 mm square rods, one end is pointed, air cooling is carried out after forging, and the surface is polished to remove defects;
(5) hot rolling: hot rolling the square rod to form a wire rod with the diameter of 8.0mm, heating to 1140-1160 ℃, and preserving heat for 40 minutes;
(6) solution treatment and acid pickling: carrying out solution annealing treatment on the square rod at the temperature of 1080 ℃; then alkaline leaching and pickling, correcting and polishing to ensure that the surface is clean and has no oxide skin;
(7) drawing: the existing nickel-chromium-molybdenum welding wire production process is executed, the wire rod is slowly drawn into a filament, and the surface of a finished product is smooth and free of oil stains, water stains, dust and oxides.
Preferably, in step (2), in a vacuum furnace, a small piece of nickel plate is added into the bottom 1/4, bottom carbon is added to 0.030%, metal Mo, metal Nb, metal W and metal Cr are placed in the middle upper part of the crucible, and the upper nickel plate is covered.
Preferably, in the step (2), 0.05 percent of Ni-Mg alloy and 0.3kg of rare earth are added in each vacuum furnace refining, and Al and Ti small materials are added for deoxidation when film formation is stopped after refining, and the components are controlled.
Preferably, the weight percentage content of Al of the electrode rod is controlled to be 0.20-0.25%.
Preferably, in step (4), the forging is performed by lightly chamfering and then heavy hammer forging, and then the forging is performed by annealing and heating at 1140 ℃ for 20 min.
Preferably, in the step (2), feeding is sufficient in the later period of pouring, and the mold stripping mark is broken after the pouring is completed for 10 minutes.
Preferably, in the step (1), the surface of the steel is returned to the same type and should be polished, and the addition amount is less than or equal to 20 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, Cr, Mo, W, Nb, Ni and other elements and other appropriate trace elements are added into the alloy, so that the alloy components and content are optimized, and the welding performance of the welding wire is ensured by the proportion of the three main elements, namely Ni, Cr and W; the reasonable design of Mo and the control of the contents of elements such as Ti, Al and the like are also beneficial to improving the plasticity of the material and facilitating the processing of the alloy into thinner welding wires; nb element and Ni form an intermediate compound strengthening phase, so that grains are refined, and the high-temperature strength and the corrosion resistance of the welding wire are improved. In addition, the invention adopts cheap iron to replace expensive nickel and forms a solid solution matrix with Ni, which has higher strength than that of a pure Ni matrix, so the invention adopts a design scheme of saving nickel by using high iron, which can reduce the cost of the material and ensure the high-temperature strength of the material.
(2) The content of Mn and Si is strictly controlled by the welding wire, however, the combined deoxidation of Mn and Si is the most effective deoxidation mode, and in order to ensure that the content of Mn and Si is reduced and other properties of the welding wire are not influenced, in the preparation process, the vacuum smelting process is adopted, so that the reduction of gas content and harmful element content is facilitated, and meanwhile, Al, Ti and other elements possibly existing are not easily oxidized. The invention also adopts an electroslag remelting process in the preparation process, which is beneficial to purifying metals and obviously removing nonmetallic inclusions, the alloy after electroslag remelting is pure, compact in structure, uniform in components and smooth and clean in surface, the quality and the performance of the alloy ingot (electrode bar) can be improved, the plasticity and the impact toughness of the alloy at low temperature, room temperature and high temperature are enhanced, and the yield can be effectively improved by processing the alloy ingot into thinner welding wires.
The invention strictly controls the element types and contents in the alloy components and optimizes and adjusts the preparation process of the welding wire, so that the prepared welding wire has good mechanical property, high strength and good high-temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the objects, structures, features and functions of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail.
The invention provides an HGH1131 welding wire, which comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.1 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.8 percent of Si, less than or equal to 1.2 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of S, 19.0 to 22.0 percent of Cr, 25.0 to 30.0 percent of Ni, 4.8 to 6.0 percent of W, 2.8 to 3.5 percent of Mo, 0.7 to 1.3 percent of Nb, 0.15 to 0.3 percent of N, and the balance of Fe. Wherein the total amount of other impurity elements in the element composition of the welding wire is less than or equal to 0.0050.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the HGH1131 welding wire, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing raw materials: preparing materials according to the designed components, and strictly baking all materials according to the system; wherein, all materials should meet the vacuum quality requirement, and the surface of the same steel grade should be polished and the addition is less than or equal to 20%; in addition, the addition amount of each element is strictly controlled in the material mixing process;
(2) vacuum smelting: putting the raw materials into a vacuum furnace for smelting, and performing according to a welding wire smelting process, wherein the vacuum degree in a melting period is less than 8Pa, the vacuum degree in a refining period is less than or equal to 8Pa, performing high-temperature instantaneous refining at least twice and low-temperature long-time refining at one time, raising the steel temperature to 1520 ℃/1-2 minutes, reducing the steel temperature to 1460 ℃ (the steel is in a rigid film punching state), refining time is more than or equal to 25 minutes, refining temperature is 1480 ℃, argon gas can not be filled in the whole process, tapping temperature is 1520 ℃, pouring into 38Kg of electrode bar, feeding in the later period of pouring is sufficient, and breaking and removing a mold mark after pouring is completed; wherein, in a vacuum furnace, a small nickel plate is added into the bottom 1/4, bottom carbon is added by 0.030 percent, metal Mo, metal Nb, metal W and metal Cr are placed at the middle upper part of the crucible, and the upper nickel plate is covered; 0.05 percent of Ni-Mg alloy and 0.3kg of rare earth are added in each vacuum furnace for refining, and Al and Ti small materials are added for deoxidation when a film is formed after the refining is stopped, and the components are controlled;
(3) electroslag remelting: adopting electroslag remelting equipment to carry out an electroslag remelting process on the electrode rod to obtain an electroslag steel ingot, wherein a slag system executes the existing process formula and the electroslag process, the surface of the electrode rod is clean and free of impurities, and shrinkage cavities at two ends are cut and cleaned;
(4) forging: placing the electroslag steel ingot into a forging furnace, heating at 1130-1150 ℃, wherein the heating rate in the heating process is less than or equal to 300 ℃/h, the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 40 minutes, performing heavy punch forging after light chamfering, performing remelting and heating at 1140 ℃, performing heat preservation for 20 minutes, performing forging after forging a square rod with the specification of 45mm x 45mm, and removing defects by grinding the surface of the square rod after forging;
(5) hot rolling: hot rolling the square rod to form a wire rod with the diameter of 8.0mm, heating to 1140-1160 ℃, and preserving heat for 40 minutes;
(6) solution treatment and acid pickling: carrying out solution annealing treatment on the square rod at the temperature of 1080 ℃; then alkaline leaching and pickling, correcting and polishing to ensure that the surface is clean and has no oxide skin;
(7) drawing: the existing nickel-chromium-molybdenum welding wire production process is executed, the wire rod is slowly drawn into a filament, and the surface of a finished product is smooth and free of oil stains, water stains, dust and oxides.
Wherein, it is to be noted that the electrode is grabbed and vacuum deoxidized, degassed and fully refined, and the weight percentage content of Al of the electrode rod is controlled to be 0.20-0.25%.
The main elements in the present invention will be described in detail below, and the contents each refer to the mass percentage of each element in the steel.
C: c is an austenitizing stabilizing element and can improve the hardenability of the steel, and in the invention, C can form carbide with Cr element, but does not greatly contribute to the strength, and because the strength of the alloy material is mainly strengthened by gamma 'and gamma' phases. In addition, the improvement of C will damage the plasticity of the material, so the content of C in the alloy material of the invention is preferably less than or equal to 0.1%.
Si: si has the characteristic of strongly inhibiting carbide precipitation in the bainite transformation process, stabilizes and refines austenite, increases C, Mn segregation, improves the hardenability of alloy, and can fully improve the hardenability and impact toughness of a fastener. However, Si has an adverse effect on the plasticity of the material, so that the content of Si in the material of the invention is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.8 percent.
Mn: mn can be dissolved into Ni-Cr alloy in large quantity, so that crystal grains can be refined, the processing performance is improved, and meanwhile, the Mn-Cr alloy is also a better S, O, C remover. However, when the content is too high, segregation is easy to generate, the ductile-brittle transition temperature is obviously improved, and the plasticity and the toughness of the alloy are reduced, so that the content of Mn is controlled to be less than or equal to 1.2 percent.
S, P: s, P is a harmful element, and the content of P is preferably less than 0.02%, and the content of S is preferably less than 0.02%.
Ni: ni improves hardenability elements of the alloy, improves the strength of the alloy without reducing the toughness of the alloy, and is added with Cu in a compounding way to avoid high-temperature Cu brittleness of a casting blank. Moreover, Ni has strong corrosion resistance to acid and alkali and also has corrosion resistance and heat resistance at high temperature.
Cr: cr is an element for improving the hardenability of steel, a strong carbide forming element is used together with Cu to improve the corrosion resistance of the steel, and Ni and Cr are added in a composite manner, so that the corrosion resistance of the steel is better.
W: the W element is a main solid solution strengthening element, and the content is controlled to be 4.8-6.0%.
Mo: molybdenum can promote the surface passivation of stainless steel, and has the capability of enhancing the pitting corrosion resistance and crevice corrosion resistance of the stainless steel. Molybdenum is a main element for solid solution strengthening, and is combined with other elements to easily form carbide, and the content is controlled to be 2.8-3.5%.
Nb: the trace element niobium is used as a stabilizing element for strongly forming carbon and nitrogen compounds in stainless steel, is mainly used for preventing the reduction of intergranular corrosion resistance caused by the reduction of the concentration of chromium due to the formation of chromium and carbon compounds by the combination of chromium and carbon in the steel, and has the effect of refining grains and reducing the tendency of cracks in the stainless steel, and the content is controlled to be 0.7-1.3%.
N: nitrogen is an element that forms very strongly and expands the austenitic phase region, and suppresses carbide precipitation in austenitic stainless steels, which has a favorable effect on the sensitized intergranular corrosion and toughness of the steel. Because the solubility is influenced by Cr and Mn, the content of the Cr and Mn should be controlled within 0.15-0.3%.
Fe: although Fe is the balance in the material of the invention, the content of iron element is a certain amount, the purpose of improving the content of iron is to use cheap iron to replace expensive nickel and form a solid solution matrix with Ni, which has higher strength than that of a pure Ni matrix, so the design scheme of adopting high-iron nickel-saving can reduce the cost of the material and ensure the high-temperature strength of the material.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
The following table 1 shows the specific elemental composition and the content of each component in percentage by weight of the HGH1131 welding wire of 5 examples of the present invention.
TABLE 1 elemental composition and weight percent content of each component of each example of the invention
Unit: weight percent (%)
Remarking: the total amount of other impurity elements (such as Al, Ti, etc.) is less than or equal to 0.0050, and the balance is Fe, which is not listed in Table 1.
The preparation method of the HGH1131 welding wire of each embodiment of the invention adopts the following steps:
(1) preparing raw materials: preparing materials according to the designed components, and strictly baking all materials according to the system; wherein, all materials should meet the vacuum quality requirement, and the surface of the same steel grade should be polished and the addition is less than or equal to 20%; in addition, the addition amount of each element is strictly controlled in the material mixing process;
(2) vacuum smelting: adding 1/4% of small nickel plates at the bottom, adding 0.030% of bottom carbon, placing Mo, Nb, W and Cr at the middle upper part of the crucible, and covering the upper Ni plate; putting the raw materials into a vacuum furnace for smelting, performing according to a welding wire smelting process, wherein the vacuum degree in the melting period is less than 8Pa, adding Ni-Mg0.05% and rare earth 0.3kg into a furnace for refining, adding Al and small materials for deoxidation when a film is formed after the refining is stopped, and controlling the components; the vacuum degree in the refining period is less than or equal to 8Pa, at least two times of high-temperature instantaneous refining and one time of low-temperature long-time refining are adopted, the steel temperature is raised to 1520 ℃/1-2min, the steel temperature is lowered to 1460 ℃ (in a steel-forming film punching state), and the refining time is more than or equal to 25 min; refining temperature is 1480 ℃, argon gas can not be filled in the whole process, tapping temperature is 1520 ℃, 38Kg of electrode is poured, feeding is full in the later period of pouring, and marks are broken after the pouring is finished for 10 minutes;
(3) electroslag remelting: adopting electroslag remelting equipment to carry out an electroslag remelting process on the electrode rod to obtain an electroslag steel ingot, wherein a slag system executes the existing process formula and the electroslag process, the surface of the electrode rod is clean and free of impurities, and shrinkage cavities at two ends are cut and cleaned;
(4) forging: placing the electroslag steel ingot into a forging furnace, heating at 1130-1150 ℃, wherein the heating rate in the heating process is less than or equal to 300 ℃/h, the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 40 minutes, performing heavy punch forging after light chamfering, performing remelting and heating at 1140 ℃, performing heat preservation for 20 minutes, performing forging after forging a square rod with the specification of 45mm x 45mm, and removing defects by grinding the surface of the square rod after forging;
(5) hot rolling: hot rolling the square rod to form a wire rod with the diameter of 8.0mm, heating to 1140-1160 ℃, and preserving heat for 40 minutes;
(6) solution treatment and acid pickling: carrying out solution annealing treatment on the square rod at the temperature of 1080 ℃; then alkaline leaching and pickling, correcting and polishing to ensure that the surface is clean and has no oxide skin;
(7) drawing: the existing nickel-chromium-molybdenum welding wire production process is executed, the wire rod is slowly drawn into 40kg of thin bright welding wire with the diameter of phi 1.5mm and 200kg of bright welding wire with the diameter of phi 2.0mm, and the finished product has smooth surface and no oil stain, water stain, dust or oxide.
Through detection, the tensile strength of the finished welding wire products produced in the embodiments 1-5 can reach Rm more than or equal to 700Mpa, the finished welding wire products have no defects of oil stain, oxide, dust and the like, the surfaces are bright, the finished wire rods have no obvious upwarp and distortion after being freely paid off, and the finished welding wire products have high strength and good high-temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance.
The present invention has been described in relation to the above embodiments, which are only exemplary of the implementation of the present invention. Furthermore, the technical features mentioned in the different embodiments of the present invention described above may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. It should be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. Rather, it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the spirit and scope of this invention.
Claims (9)
1. The HGH1131 welding wire is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.1 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.8 percent of Si, less than or equal to 1.2 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of S, 19.0 to 22.0 percent of Cr, 25.0 to 30.0 percent of Ni, 4.8 to 6.0 percent of W, 2.8 to 3.5 percent of Mo, 0.7 to 1.3 percent of Nb, 0.15 to 0.3 percent of N, and the balance of Fe.
2. The HGH1131 welding wire of claim 1, wherein the total amount of other impurity elements is 0.0050 or less.
3. A preparation method of an HGH1131 welding wire is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing raw materials: preparing materials according to the designed components, and strictly baking all materials according to the system;
(2) vacuum smelting: putting the raw materials into a vacuum furnace for smelting, and performing according to a welding wire smelting process, wherein the vacuum degree in a melting period is less than 8Pa, the vacuum degree in a refining period is less than or equal to 8Pa, performing high-temperature instantaneous refining at least twice and low-temperature long-time refining at one time, raising the steel temperature to 1520 ℃/1-2 minutes, lowering the steel temperature to 1460 ℃, enabling the refining time to be more than or equal to 25 minutes, refining the steel at 1480 ℃, not filling argon in the whole process, tapping the steel at 1520 ℃, and casting into 38Kg of electrode bars;
(3) electroslag remelting: adopting electroslag remelting equipment to carry out an electroslag remelting process on the electrode rod to obtain an electroslag steel ingot, wherein a slag system executes the existing process formula and the electroslag process, the surface of the electrode rod is clean and free of impurities, and shrinkage cavities at two ends are cut and cleaned;
(4) forging: placing the electroslag steel ingot into a forging furnace, heating at 1130-1150 ℃, wherein the heating rate in the heating process is less than or equal to 300 ℃/h, the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 40 minutes, the forging specification is 45 mm-45 mm square rods, one end is pointed, air cooling is carried out after forging, and the surface is polished to remove defects;
(5) hot rolling: hot rolling the square rod to form a wire rod with the diameter of 8.0mm, heating to 1140-1160 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 40 minutes;
(6) solution treatment and acid pickling: carrying out solution annealing treatment on the square rod at the temperature of 1080 ℃; then alkaline leaching and pickling, correcting and polishing to ensure that the surface is clean and has no oxide skin;
(7) drawing: the existing nickel-chromium-molybdenum welding wire production process is executed, the wire rod is slowly drawn into a filament, and the surface of a finished product is smooth and free of oil stains, water stains, dust and oxides.
4. The HGH1131 welding wire as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step (2), the bottom 1/4 is added by using a small piece of nickel plate, the bottom carbon is added by 0.030%, the metal Mo, the metal Nb, the metal W and the metal Cr are placed in the middle upper part of the crucible, and the upper nickel plate is covered.
5. The HGH1131 welding wire as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step (2), 0.05% of Ni-Mg alloy and 0.3kg of rare earth are added for each refining in the vacuum furnace, and Al and Ti small materials are added for deoxidation after the refining and film cutting, and the components are controlled.
6. The method for preparing an HGH1131 welding wire according to claim 3, wherein the weight percentage content of Al in the electrode rod is controlled to be 0.20-0.25%.
7. The method for preparing an HGH1131 welding wire as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step (4), the forging is performed by lightly chamfering and then heavy hammer forging, and then re-forging is performed by annealing and heating at 1140 ℃ for 20 min.
8. The process for preparing an HGH1131 welding wire as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step (2), the feeding is sufficient in the late stage of casting, and the mold mark is broken after the casting is completed for 10 minutes.
9. The process for preparing HGH1131 welding wire as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step (1), the surface of the steel is returned to the same grade and should be polished, and the addition amount is less than or equal to 20%.
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