Air cushion bed based on pressure change rate
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical supplies, in particular to an air cushion bed based on a pressure change rate.
Background
At present, in each hospital, a plurality of patients with severe diseases have inconvenient body movement and bedsore is caused by long-time bed rest. Due to the long-term puzzle, many patients are fat or swollen, and have excessive weight, when the patients need to turn over, the medical care personnel need to consume a great deal of energy and physical strength to help the patients. Aiming at the problem, technical personnel in the field develop an air cushion bed for assisting medical personnel to assist a patient to turn over, but the air inflation and deflation speed of the existing air cushion bed is too slow or too fast, so people often feel uncomfortable, and even the air inflation and deflation speed of the air cushion bed suddenly changes due to faults; in addition, in the continuous inflation and deflation process, the potential safety hazard of air bag explosion caused by overlarge air pressure exists.
The existing air cushion bed is filled with air, so that the oppression feeling of the body of a patient is relieved, but the stress condition of the body of the patient is not fundamentally improved, the prone position of the patient needs to be adjusted regularly for relieving the pain of the patient, and the difficulty of turning over the patient is still high even with the assistance of the existing auxiliary turning-over equipment.
In particular, in an intensive care unit, some patients are unconscious for a long time, so that the patients have incontinence, and the skin of the patients is damaged to different degrees and even suffers from pathological changes such as bedsore and skin infection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that a patient is difficult to turn over in the conventional air cushion bed, and provides an air cushion bed based on a pressure change rate.
An air bed based on rate of pressure change comprising:
an upper air cushion bed and a lower air cushion bed;
the upper air cushion bed comprises an upper left air cushion and an upper right air cushion;
the upper left air cushion includes: a first ventilation airbag, a third ventilation airbag, a fifth ventilation airbag, a seventh ventilation airbag, a ninth ventilation airbag, an eleventh ventilation airbag, a thirteenth ventilation airbag, a fifteenth ventilation airbag, a seventeenth ventilation airbag, a nineteenth ventilation airbag, a twenty-first ventilation airbag, a twenty-third ventilation airbag, and a twenty-fifth ventilation airbag;
the upper right air cushion includes: a second ventilation airbag, a fourth ventilation airbag, a sixth ventilation airbag, an eighth ventilation airbag, a tenth ventilation airbag, a twelfth ventilation airbag, a fourteenth ventilation airbag, a sixteenth ventilation airbag, an eighteenth ventilation airbag, a twentieth ventilation airbag, a twenty-second ventilation airbag, a twenty-fourth ventilation airbag, and a twenty-sixth ventilation airbag;
be provided with the stool and urine inductor on the thirteenth gasbag of taking a breath, be provided with the stool and urine inductor on the fourteenth gasbag of taking a breath, be provided with the stool and urine inductor on the fifteenth gasbag of taking a breath, be provided with the stool and urine inductor on the sixteenth gasbag of taking a breath, be provided with the stool and urine inductor on the seventeenth gasbag of taking a breath, be provided with the stool and urine inductor on the eighteenth gasbag of taking a breath.
Further, the lower air cushion bed comprises a first turning air bag, a second turning air bag, a third turning air bag, a fourth turning air bag, a fifth turning air bag and a sixth turning air bag.
Furthermore, a pressure sensor is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the first turning-over air bag, a pressure sensor is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the second turning-over air bag, a pressure sensor is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the third turning-over air bag, a pressure sensor is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the fourth turning-over air bag, a pressure sensor is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the fifth turning-over air bag, and a pressure sensor is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the sixth turning-over air bag.
Furthermore, an air pump is arranged on one side of the upper air cushion bed.
Further, the upper air cushion bed is arranged on the upper surface of the lower air cushion bed.
An air bed based on pressure change rate comprises a detection module, a data processing module and an execution module. The detection module is provided with a pressure sensor, a defecation induction device and an air pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is used for detecting pressure and controlling the air filling and discharging speed of the air cushion bed according to the pressure change rate, the defecation induction device monitors whether the patient suffers from incontinence of feces and urine, and the air pressure sensor detects the air filling and discharging state of the air cushion, so that safety is guaranteed. The data processing module firstly utilizes the Zig Bee to carry out remote data transmission, carries out data processing on the received detection data by using an RANSAC algorithm, and carries out PWM (pulse-width modulation) automatic adjustment on the inflation and deflation speed according to the processed data. The execution module comprises an upper air cushion and a lower air cushion, the gas in the upper air cushion bed can realize self-circulation and is provided with a stool and urine induction device, the lower air cushion bed is formed by arranging a plurality of independent air cushions, and the combined action of inflation and deflation of the independent air cushions is used for realizing the body position transformation of turning over on the left side, turning over on the right side, sitting up and the like. Compared with the traditional air cushion bed, the invention can automatically adjust the air filling and discharging speed of the air cushion, greatly improve the comfort of the patient, relieve the pain of the patient, bring greater convenience to medical personnel and save more time and energy.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. can realize the body position transformation of left side turning over, right side turning over, sitting up and the like, assist medical care personnel to help patients turn over, and reduce the time and energy of the medical care personnel.
2. The self-adaptive control system is designed, the traditional air cushion bed only controls the inflation quantity, the inflation and deflation speed in inflation and deflation is neglected to be too slow or too fast, so that the patient is uncomfortable, compared with the traditional air cushion bed, the self-adaptive control system can adjust the inflation and deflation speed of the lower air cushion, and the comfort level of the patient is improved.
3. The upper air cushion has designed the multizone and has filled the gassing in turn, reaches bed patient back stress point automatic adjustment's purpose, can effectively prevent whole body bedsore. The comfort of the patient is improved, the turnover frequency of the patient is reduced, and the workload of medical care personnel is reduced.
4. Two-layer air cushion bed about the design, upper air cushion guarantee patient's daily work comfort level of resting, lower floor's air cushion is used for assisting patient's position transform, need not with the help of other power device, and is frivolous when not aerifing, does benefit to hide and patient's safety.
5. The air pressure monitoring device is arranged in the air bag, so that the safety of the air cushion bed is improved.
6. The upper air cushion is provided with a urine and feces monitoring device, if a patient suffers from urine and feces incontinence, the device can give an alarm in time, and medical staff can take treatment in time to prevent further injury.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of an air bed based on a pressure change rate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an upper air bed structure of an air bed based on pressure change rate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an air cushion bed structure below an air cushion bed based on a rate of change of pressure in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an overall air bed auto-adjustment rate based on the rate of change of pressure in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an upper air cushion bed; 1-1, a first ventilation air bag; 1-2, a second ventilation air bag; 1-3, a third air exchange air bag; 1-4, a fourth air exchange air bag; 1-5, a fifth ventilation air bag; 1-6, a sixth ventilation air bag; 1-7, a seventh ventilation air bag; 1-8, an eighth air exchange air bag; 1-9, a ninth ventilation air bag; 1-10, a tenth ventilation air bag; 1-11, an eleventh ventilation balloon; 1-12, a twelfth air exchange air bag; 1-13, a thirteenth ventilation balloon; 1-14, a fourteenth ventilation balloon; 1-15, a fifteenth ventilation air bag; 1-16, a sixteenth ventilation air bag; 1-17, a seventeenth ventilation air bag; 1-18, eighteenth ventilating air bag; 1-19, nineteenth ventilation air bag; 1-20, twentieth air exchange air bag; 1-21, twenty-first ventilation air bag; 1-22, a twenty-second ventilation air bag; 1-23, a twenty-third ventilation air bag; 1-24, a twenty-fourth ventilation air bag; 1-25, twenty-fifth air exchange air bag; 1-26, twenty-sixth air exchange air bag; 10. an air pump; 11. the upper left air cushion; 12. the right air cushion of the upper layer; 2. a lower air cushion bed; 2-1, a first turning-over air bag; 2-2, a second turning-over air bag; 2-3, a third turning-over air bag; 2-4, a fourth turning-over air bag; 2-5, a fifth turning-over air bag; 2-6, a sixth turning-over air bag; 20. a feces and urine sensor; 5. a pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
An air cushion bed based on pressure change rate comprises an upper air cushion bed and a lower air cushion bed. As shown in fig. 2, the upper air cushion bed is bilaterally symmetrical and has 2 × 13 ventilation air bags, and the upper air cushion bed comprises an upper left air cushion and an upper right air cushion; the first ventilation air bag, the fourth ventilation air bag, the fifth ventilation air bag, the eighth ventilation air bag, the ninth ventilation air bag, the twelfth ventilation air bag, the thirteenth ventilation air bag, the sixteenth ventilation air bag, the seventeenth ventilation air bag, the twentieth ventilation air bag, the twenty-first ventilation air bag, the twenty-fourth ventilation air bag and the twenty-fifth ventilation air bag are in gas communication, the connecting material is made of the same material as the air bags, and the gas in the rest air bags is also in gas communication. Alternate inflation and deflation time intervals (recommended to be set for 10 minutes, 30 minutes and 60 minutes) are set on the upper computer, and pipelines are connected to the first ventilation air bag and the second ventilation air bag and are used as gas inlets. The small-size gas outlet is installed at the afterbody of the twenty-fifth air-exchanging air bag and the twenty-sixth air-exchanging air bag, the air inlet speed is about twice of the air outlet speed, and the air bags of the upper air cushion bed are alternately inflated, so that the stressed area on the back of a patient is changed frequently, the stressed points on the back of the patient can be converted, the comfort degree of the patient is increased, and the bedsore is reduced. When the alternate inflation function is closed, the small air holes at the tail part are closed, the instrument can fill the air in the two groups of air bags (the air pressure sensor sets a proper numerical value and transmits a signal to the upper computer).
In the upper air cushion bed, six defecation sensors are mounted on the thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth ventilation air bags near the middle, information is transmitted to the single chip microcomputer through wireless transmission, and whether the patient has the defecation incontinence condition or not is judged through calculation. If the incontinence of urine and feces exists, an alarm is given out on the upper computer.
As shown in fig. 3, six non-completely independent areas of the lower air cushion bed are divided into a first turning air bag, a second turning air bag, a third turning air bag, a fourth turning air bag, a fifth turning air bag and a sixth turning air bag. The thickness of the air bag is twice of that of the upper air cushion bed when the air bag is full of air, the first turning air bag, the second turning air bag, the third turning air bag and the fourth turning air bag are respectively connected with a pipeline, the air in the third turning air bag is communicated with the air in the fifth turning air bag, and the air in the fourth turning air bag is communicated with the air in the sixth turning air bag. When the patient needs to turn over right, opening a pipeline through port for connecting the first turning-over air bag and the third turning-over air bag to inflate and deflate; when the patient needs to turn over on the left, a pipeline through port for connecting the second turning-over air bag and the fourth turning-over air bag is opened for inflation and deflation; when the patient needs to sit up, the pipeline through port connecting the first turning-over air bag and the second turning-over air bag is opened for inflation and deflation. The upper computer is provided with a left turn-over key, a right turn-over key and a sitting key, and is also provided with a return key, so that the air bag of the patient after the turn-over or sitting is exhausted and is restored to the original state.
Furthermore, the first turning-over air bag is communicated with the third turning-over air bag, and the second turning-over air bag is communicated with the fourth turning-over air bag. A third turning-over air bag, a fourth turning-over air bag, a fifth turning-over air bag and a sixth turning-over air bag in the lower air cushion bed are provided with connecting pipelines, each pipeline is connected with an air pump, the air pumps are connected with a single chip microcomputer, each pipe orifice is provided with an air pressure sensor, the air pressure sensors are simultaneously connected with the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer is connected to a human-computer interaction interface.
Each air bag of the lower air cushion bed is provided with a pressure sensor, a signal detected by the pressure sensor is wirelessly transmitted to a single chip microcomputer system, the system automatically judges whether the change rate of the pressure is within a specified change range, and if the change rate is within a normal range, the air is continuously inflated and deflated at the original speed; if the changing speed is too fast, the speed of charging and discharging air is reduced; if the changing speed is too slow, the inflating and deflating speed is increased, and the comfort of the patient is improved.
Furthermore, the pressure sensor can be selected from BMP280, and a sensor signal conversion circuit, a signal acquisition circuit and a power supply circuit of a pressure sensor system are designed. In a hardware circuit, a filter circuit is added to perform noise reduction processing on the acquired signals, so that the accuracy of the acquired signals is ensured. The method comprises the steps of forming the Zig Bee into a tree network, then compiling a data AD acquisition program and a wireless transmission program of a Zig Bee terminal device node to realize data acquisition and wireless transmission, realizing the functions of receiving and processing data of the Zig Bee coordinator node and transmitting the data to an upper computer through a serial port, and realizing the data receiving and transmitting. The received signal is subjected to numerical processing to determine the rate of change of the pressure data. The formula is as follows:
F=PS
wherein F is the pressure applied, F is the rate of change of the pressure applied, P is the pressure measured by the sensor, P is the rate of change of the pressure per unit time, and S is the cross-sectional area of the measurement port.
And (3) calculating errors by using a RANSAC algorithm, finding out all points (local points) within an error range, removing local points, and finally fitting a mathematical model. Analyzing the curve which is fit for synthesizing by the data, and if the curve is smooth and does not exceed the value range, continuing normal operation; if the curve has a second-order non-guided sudden change condition or exceeds a value range, the signal is fed back to the upper computer, then self-adaptive speed regulation is carried out based on a PWM speed regulation principle, so that the air charging and discharging speed is controlled again, if the time of the adjustment is not more than 5 seconds, the air charging and discharging is stopped slowly, and a signal is transmitted to the upper computer to report errors. And finally, designing a human-computer interaction interface through MATLAB, and compiling a corresponding upper computer program to realize real-time display and visualization of the pressure change rate data.
Furthermore, the humidity sensor in the upper air cushion bed can be selected from a model SHT30, and is provided with a signal operational amplifier circuit, a 3.3V voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit, a signal conversion circuit and a signal acquisition circuit. Meanwhile, data acquisition and wireless transmission are achieved by writing a data AD acquisition program and a wireless transmission program of the nodes of the Zig Bee terminal equipment, and the functions of receiving and processing data of the nodes of the Zig Bee coordinator and transmitting the data to an upper computer through a serial port are achieved. And setting a critical value of humidity, and displaying a red alarm signal on the upper computer when the humidity exceeds the standard.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The present invention is not to be limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and other embodiments that fall within the scope of the claims of the present application are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.