CN112582084B - A micro reactor using superconducting heat pipe - Google Patents
A micro reactor using superconducting heat pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN112582084B CN112582084B CN202011358458.6A CN202011358458A CN112582084B CN 112582084 B CN112582084 B CN 112582084B CN 202011358458 A CN202011358458 A CN 202011358458A CN 112582084 B CN112582084 B CN 112582084B
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- heat pipe
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- fuel element
- superconducting
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium peroxide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][O-] PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 206010057040 Temperature intolerance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008543 heat sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PGTXKIZLOWULDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[Zn] Chemical compound [Mg].[Zn] PGTXKIZLOWULDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F23/00—Features relating to the use of intermediate heat-exchange materials, e.g. selection of compositions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/24—Promoting flow of the coolant
- G21C15/257—Promoting flow of the coolant using heat-pipes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The micro-stack comprises a micro-stack body and a cooling loop, wherein the micro-stack body comprises a shell and a fuel element arranged in the shell, heat generated by the fuel element is transferred to the cooling loop, a superconducting heat pipe is arranged between the micro-stack body and the cooling loop, a hot end of the superconducting heat pipe is arranged in the fuel element, a cold end of the superconducting heat pipe is arranged in a heat exchanger of the cooling loop, working medium is filled in the superconducting heat pipe, and in the micro-stack operation process, the heat generated by the fuel element is transferred from the hot end to the cooling loop connected with the cold end through passive phase change heat transfer of the working medium. The invention has the characteristics of compact structure, high-efficiency heat exchange, wide application range, high inherent safety and the like, and has wide application prospect and important value in the field of military and civil integration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear reactor equipment, in particular to a micro-reactor adopting a superconducting heat pipe.
Background
In the 60 s of the 20 th century, in order to simplify the reactor design and improve the intrinsic safety characteristics of the space nuclear reactor, the national laboratory for Los Alamos (LANL) has proposed a new space nuclear reactor design concept that employs highly efficient heat pipe heat conducting elements, i.e., a heat pipe reactor design concept. The heat pipe type reactor refers to a solid state nuclear reactor in which a primary loop system of the reactor does not adopt a traditional coolant loop arrangement mode, and heat pipes are adopted to replace the primary loop system, so that heat generated by a reactor core is conducted to a secondary loop system or a thermoelectric conversion device. When the heat pipe type reactor operates, the fission energy generated by the reactor is conducted to an evaporation section of a metal heat pipe arranged in a reactor core, heat is conducted from the reactor core to a hot end of a thermoelectric conversion device/two-loop system through evaporation and condensation processes of working medium in the heat pipe and natural circulation flow, and after the thermoelectric conversion device/two-loop system converts the heat energy into electric energy, the residual waste heat is discharged to a final hot-trap environment (atmosphere or ocean) through a cooler or a radiation radiator. The heat pipe is firstly applied to the design of the thermoionic nuclear reactor and is used for guiding out the heat of the reactor core to maintain the temperature of the reactor.
Micro neutron source reactor, called micro reactor for short. Has the following characteristics: ① is low in power. ② The safety and reliability can be realized, and the device can be arranged in the center of a large city without accidents. ③ The operation is simple and convenient, the maintenance is easy, and unmanned operation can be realized. ④ The critical mass is small. The small-sized reactor can serve as a small-sized fixed or movable reactor, provides a new way for realizing the industry of army and civil integration, and simultaneously provides a thinking for the research and development of a small-sized unmanned nuclear power platform in different application scenes of the sea, the land and the air of China; can also provide selection for energy supply in remote mountain areas, islands, hospitals and the like.
In the prior art, a coolant-loop system adopted by a traditional reactor is an active heat transfer process, power is applied externally to conduct heat normally, and once the power system fails, a great amount of heat of a reactor core is easily prevented from being discharged to be burned out, and the temperature rises sharply to cause irrecoverable loss. And the heat transfer resistance is high and the heat sensitivity is low. When a conventional heat pipe exchanger is adopted, because of incompatibility of a medium and a pipe, noncondensable gas is easy to generate, so that the heat exchange efficiency is affected, and even local overtemperature is caused to explode pipes when serious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art and providing a superconductive heat pipe micro-stack with good heat conducting performance, higher safety and passive heat transfer characteristic.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides an adopt little heap of superconductive heat pipe, includes little heap body and cooling circuit, little heap body includes casing and the fuel element of setting in the casing, the heat that fuel element produced is transmitted for cooling circuit, its characterized in that: a superconducting heat pipe is arranged between the micro-stack body and the cooling loop, the hot end of the superconducting heat pipe is arranged in the fuel element, the cold end of the superconducting heat pipe is arranged in the heat exchanger of the cooling loop, working medium is filled in the superconducting heat pipe, and in the micro-stack operation process, heat generated by the fuel element is transmitted to the cooling loop connected with the cold end from the hot end through passive phase change heat transfer of the working medium.
Furthermore, the working medium is formed by mixing a plurality of inorganic active metals and compounds thereof, and comprises calcium, magnesium, zinc, lead, gallium, boric acid, sodium peroxide and aluminum hydroxide, and nano particles are also added in the working medium.
Furthermore, the superconducting heat pipe is made of stainless steel, zirconium, titanium or composite metal thereof, and is added with ABO3 series, AM2O7 series, AM2O8 series or A2P2MO12 series negative expansion materials, and has the characteristic of zero expansion.
Further, metal particles are added to the outer surface of the superconducting heat pipe, and the metal particles are zinc, magnesium simple substances or alloys thereof.
Further, the system is also provided with a boric acid control system, which comprises a boron-containing container filled with high-concentration boric acid solution and a 4 ℃ water control unit, wherein the 4 ℃ water control unit comprises an expansion valve and a water tank filled with 4 ℃ water, one end of the water tank is connected with a cooling loop, the other end of the water tank is connected with the expansion valve, the expansion valve is also respectively communicated with the shell and the boron-containing container, when the temperature of fluid in the cooling loop fluctuates, the 4 ℃ water in the water tank expands, the expansion valve is opened, the boron-containing container and the micro-stack body are communicated, and the high-concentration boric acid solution enters the micro-stack body.
Further, a manual valve and an electric control valve are also arranged, and the manual valve, the electric control valve and the 4-DEG C water control unit are mutually connected in parallel.
Further, the fuel element is of a hollow structure, the top view shape of the fuel element is round, rectangular, diamond or hexagonal, the center of the fuel element is a heat conducting groove, and the hot end of the superconducting heat pipe is arranged in the heat conducting groove.
Further, the fuel element is a cylindrical pipe filled with a plurality of fuel pellets, the center of the fuel element is a heat conducting groove, the outer layer of the fuel pellets is coated with silicon carbide, zirconium alloy or tungsten, and the hot end of the superconducting heat pipe is arranged in the heat conducting groove.
Further, the top view shape of the superconducting heat pipe is round, rectangular or quincuncial.
Further, a bypass pump is connected in parallel to the cooling circuit, and when the bypass pump is started, the cooling circuit is converted into forced circulation from passive circulation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the superconductive heat pipe is used to replace the traditional one-loop circulating cooling device, and the vibration of working medium molecules in the superconductive heat pipe is utilized to realize heat transfer. The heat is absorbed and the cold is absorbed, so that the heat is not transferred actively, and the heat-transfer type heat-transfer device has inherent safety. The high frequency vibratory heat transfer of the internal medium increases as the temperature difference increases. The superconducting medium heat pipe has the advantages of supernormal heat sensitivity, high-efficiency heat conductivity, good isothermicity, wide temperature adaptability and high-temperature operation characteristics, can work normally at the temperature of between 70 ℃ below zero and 1700 ℃, and has the characteristic high-temperature operation characteristics, so that the superconducting medium heat pipe can be particularly used for discharging core heat under severe accidents of a reactor, is not afraid of dry burning, and can also prevent radioactive substances from leaking. 2. The adopted working medium has small heat transfer resistance, and the nano particles are added to enhance heat exchange, so that the small-sized reactor can be ensured to run under higher circulation efficiency, and the reactor core waste heat can be discharged timely and efficiently in severe accidents. 3. The negative thermal expansion material is added into the material of the superconducting heat pipe, so that the zero expansion characteristic of the heat pipe is maintained, the problem of overpressure in the pipe is avoided, and the pipe explosion caused by local overtemperature is avoided, so that the superconducting heat pipe has higher flexibility and higher applicability. 4. The metal magnesium particles added on the outer surface of the superconducting heat pipe can increase heat exchange, and the metal particles can reduce pipeline corrosion. 5. The 4 ℃ water control unit utilizes the characteristic that 4 ℃ water expands when meeting cold and hot, the cooling loop maintains the water temperature to ensure the normal operation of the coolant, once the temperature fluctuation exceeds the range, the 4 ℃ water expands to open the expansion valve, high boron water enters the reactor core to enter the shutdown process, and meanwhile, the electric control and manual control valves are also established, 3 parallel loops are realized, and the reliability is higher. 6. The cooling loop is connected with the bypass pump in parallel, and the cooling loop can be switched between passive circulation and forced circulation, so that the safety and stability of the operation of the cooling loop are ensured. 7. The fuel element and the superconducting heat pipe adopt different shape structures, can be applied to different scenes, and have stronger applicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a superconducting heat pipe structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a boric acid control system;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a fuel element, wherein a is a rectangular fuel element, b is a circular fuel element, c is a diamond-shaped fuel element, d is a hexagonal fuel element, and e is a cylindrical tube fuel element filled with fuel pellets;
Fig. 5 is a top view of a superconducting heat pipe, wherein a is a circular superconducting heat pipe, b is a rectangular superconducting heat pipe, and c is a quincuncial superconducting heat pipe.
Wherein: 1-a housing; 2-a fuel element; 3-superconducting heat pipes; 4-nanoparticles; 5-working medium; 6-hot end; 7-cold end; 8-metal particles; 9-a heat exchanger; 10-a cooling circuit; 11-a cooler; 12-a bypass pump; 13-a manual valve; 14-an electrically controlled valve; 15-an expansion valve; 16-a water tank; 17-a boron-containing vessel; 18-a heat conduction groove; 19-fuel pellets.
Detailed Description
In order to enhance the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings, which are provided for the purpose of illustrating the present invention only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The micro-stack comprises a micro-stack body and a cooling loop 10, wherein the micro-stack body comprises a shell 1 and a fuel element 2 arranged in the shell 1, heat generated by the fuel element 2 is transferred to the cooling loop 10, a superconducting heat pipe 3 is arranged between the micro-stack body and the cooling loop 10, a hot end 6 of the superconducting heat pipe 3 is arranged in the fuel element 2, a cold end 7 is arranged in a heat exchanger 9 of the cooling loop 10, a working medium 5 is filled in the superconducting heat pipe 3, and in the micro-stack operation process, the heat generated by the fuel element 2 is transferred to the cooling loop 10 connected with the cold end 7 from the hot end 6 through passive phase change heat transfer of the working medium 5, and the heat carried by the cooling loop is transferred to a cooler 11 for release.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the working medium 5 is formed by mixing a plurality of inorganic active metals and compounds thereof, including calcium, magnesium, zinc, lead, gallium, boric acid, sodium peroxide and aluminum hydroxide, and the nano particles 4 are further added into the working medium 5; the superconducting heat pipe 3 is made of stainless steel, zirconium and titanium composite metal and is added with ABO3 series negative expansion materials, and the superconducting heat pipe 3 has the characteristic of zero expansion; zinc-magnesium alloy metal particles 8 are added to the outer surface of the superconducting heat pipe 3; the system is also provided with a boric acid control system, and comprises a boron-containing container 17 filled with high-concentration boric acid solution and a 4-DEG C water control unit, wherein the 4-DEG C water control unit comprises an expansion valve 15 and a water tank 16 filled with 4-DEG C water, one end of the water tank 16 is connected with the cooling circuit 10, the other end of the water tank 16 is connected with the expansion valve 15, the expansion valve 15 is also respectively communicated with the shell 1 and the boron-containing container 17, when the fluid temperature in the cooling circuit 10 fluctuates, the 4-DEG C water in the water tank 16 expands, so that the expansion valve 15 is opened to be communicated with the boron-containing container 17 and the micro-stack body, and the high-concentration boric acid solution enters the micro-stack body; the manual valve 13, the electric control valve 14 and the 4 ℃ water control unit are mutually connected in parallel; the fuel element 2 is of a hollow structure, the top view shape of the fuel element 2 is circular, the center of the fuel element 2 is provided with a heat conducting groove 18, and the hot end 6 of the superconducting heat pipe 3 is arranged in the heat conducting groove 18; the top view shape of the superconducting heat pipe 3 is circular; the cooling circuit 10 is connected in parallel with a bypass pump 12, and when the bypass pump 12 is turned on, the cooling circuit 10 is converted from passive circulation to forced circulation.
The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: the nuclear fission reaction generated by the fuel element 2 is transferred to the hot end 6 of the superconducting heat pipe 3 through the heat conducting groove 18, the working medium 5 in the superconducting heat pipe 3 is gasified, a great amount of heat is instantaneously guided to the cold end 7, the heat is exchanged between the cold end 7 and the cooling circuit 10 through the heat exchanger 9, the heat is transferred to the cooling circuit 10, the cooler 11 is used for generating electricity and the like, and the working medium 5 in the superconducting heat pipe 3 is liquefied back to the hot end 6, and the process is repeated. The 4 ℃ water control unit utilizes the characteristic that the 4 ℃ water can expand when meeting cold and hot, once the temperature fluctuation in the cooling loop 10 is detected to exceed a certain range, the expansion valve 15 can be expanded, the high-concentration boric acid solution enters the reactor core, the chain reaction of the fuel element 2 can be stopped, and the nuclear leakage is prevented. A manual valve 13 and an electric control valve 14 are connected with the 4 ℃ water control unit in parallel and serve as a standby control valve of the 4 ℃ water control unit.
The foregoing detailed description will set forth only for the purposes of illustrating the general principles and features of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention in any way, but rather should be construed in view of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an adopt little heap of superconductive heat pipe, includes little heap body and cooling circuit (10), little heap body includes casing (1) and sets up fuel element (2) in casing (1), the heat that fuel element (2) produced is transmitted for cooling circuit (10), its characterized in that: a superconducting heat pipe (3) is arranged between the micro-stack body and the cooling loop (10), a hot end (6) of the superconducting heat pipe (3) is arranged in the fuel element (2), a cold end (7) is arranged in a heat exchanger (9) of the cooling loop (10), a working medium (5) is filled in the superconducting heat pipe (3), and in the micro-stack operation process, heat generated by the fuel element (2) is transferred from the hot end (6) to the cooling loop (10) connected with the cold end (7) through passive phase change heat transfer of the working medium (5); the working medium (5) is formed by mixing a plurality of inorganic active metals and compounds thereof, and comprises calcium, magnesium, zinc, lead, gallium, boric acid, sodium peroxide and aluminum hydroxide, and nano particles (4) are also added in the working medium (5); the superconducting heat pipe (3) is made of stainless steel, zirconium, titanium or composite metal thereof, and is added with ABO3 series, AM2O7 series, AM2O8 series or A2P2MO12 series negative expansion materials, and the superconducting heat pipe (3) has the characteristic of zero expansion.
2. A micro-stack employing a superconducting heat pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outer surface of the superconducting heat pipe (3) is added with metal particles (8), and the metal particles (8) are zinc, magnesium simple substances or alloys thereof.
3. A micro-stack employing a superconducting heat pipe according to claim 2, wherein: the device is characterized by further comprising a boric acid control system, wherein the boric acid control system comprises a boron-containing container (17) filled with a high-concentration boric acid solution and a 4-DEG C water control unit, the 4-DEG C water control unit comprises an expansion valve (15) and a water tank (16) filled with 4-DEG C water, one end of the water tank (16) is connected with a cooling loop (10), the other end of the water tank is connected with the expansion valve (15), the expansion valve (15) is further respectively communicated with the shell (1) and the boron-containing container (17), when the fluid temperature in the cooling loop (10) fluctuates, the 4-DEG C water in the water tank (16) expands, the expansion valve (15) is opened, the boron-containing container (17) and the shell (1) are communicated, and the high-concentration boric acid solution enters the micro-stack body.
4. A micro-stack employing a superconducting heat pipe according to claim 3, wherein: the water treatment device is characterized by further comprising a manual valve (13) and an electric control valve (14), wherein the manual valve (13), the electric control valve (14) and the 4-DEG C water control unit are connected in parallel.
5. A micro-stack employing a superconducting heat pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fuel element (2) is of a hollow structure, the top view shape of the fuel element is round, rectangular, diamond-shaped or hexagonal, the center of the fuel element (2) is provided with a heat conducting groove (18), and the hot end (6) of the superconducting heat pipe (3) is arranged in the heat conducting groove (18).
6. A micro-stack employing a superconducting heat pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fuel element (2) is a cylindrical pipe filled with a plurality of fuel pellets (19), the center of the fuel element (2) is a heat conducting groove (18), the outer layer of the fuel pellets (19) is coated with silicon carbide, zirconium alloy or tungsten, and the hot end (6) of the superconducting heat pipe (3) is arranged in the heat conducting groove (18).
7. A micro-stack employing a superconducting heat pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the top view shape of the superconducting heat pipe (3) is round, rectangular or quincuncial.
8. A micro-stack employing a superconducting heat pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cooling circuit (10) is connected with a bypass pump (12) in parallel, and when the bypass pump (12) is started, the cooling circuit (10) is converted from passive circulation to forced circulation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011358458.6A CN112582084B (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | A micro reactor using superconducting heat pipe |
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| CN202011358458.6A CN112582084B (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | A micro reactor using superconducting heat pipe |
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| CN112582084B true CN112582084B (en) | 2024-11-26 |
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| CN113871044B (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2024-06-21 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Cooling control method and related equipment |
| CN113670101B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2025-07-25 | 东南大学 | Gallium heat pipe and heat exchange device for reactor |
| CN114220572B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2024-06-14 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Passive residual heat removal device of mobile miniature reactor |
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| CN213815567U (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-07-27 | 东南大学 | Micro-stack adopting superconducting heat pipe |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101710494B (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2012-02-08 | 华北电力大学 | A severe accident mitigation device for nuclear power plants with passive heat removal |
| CN101719385B (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2012-05-09 | 华北电力大学 | Superconductive heat tube type nuclear power heat-clod cogeneration system |
| CN102097139B (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2013-01-16 | 华北电力大学 | Major accident mitigation system of nuclear power station on basis of nano fluid characteristic |
| CN106297914A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-01-04 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of passive high-temperature heat pipe fast reactor reactor core heat transfer system and method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN213815567U (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-07-27 | 东南大学 | Micro-stack adopting superconducting heat pipe |
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