CN112576183A - Screw drilling tool - Google Patents
Screw drilling tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN112576183A CN112576183A CN201910932679.0A CN201910932679A CN112576183A CN 112576183 A CN112576183 A CN 112576183A CN 201910932679 A CN201910932679 A CN 201910932679A CN 112576183 A CN112576183 A CN 112576183A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XQMVBICWFFHDNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-amino-4-chloro-2-phenylpyridazin-3-one;(2-ethoxy-3,3-dimethyl-2h-1-benzofuran-5-yl) methanesulfonate Chemical compound O=C1C(Cl)=C(N)C=NN1C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=C(OS(C)(=O)=O)C=C2C(C)(C)C(OCC)OC2=C1 XQMVBICWFFHDNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B28/00—Vibration generating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for stimulating production
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/02—Fluid rotary type drives
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a screw drill, comprising: a motor assembly having a stator and a rotor; the energy storage assembly is connected to the downstream end of the motor assembly and comprises an energy storage element shell fixedly connected with the stator and a central shaft fixedly connected with the rotor, an energy storage element is sleeved on the central shaft, and the energy storage element can store the rotational kinetic energy output by the motor assembly and periodically release the rotational kinetic energy; the impact assembly is connected to the downstream end of the energy storage assembly and comprises a first impact body and a second impact body which are arranged in the energy storage element shell; the first impact body and the second impact body are respectively and fixedly connected with the energy storage element shell and the central shaft in the circumferential direction to generate relative rotation under the action of the rotation speed difference of the stator and the rotor, and the first impact body can make periodic axial reciprocating motion under the action of the relative rotation, so that the energy storage element can periodically store and release energy, and the first impact body can generate periodic axial impact on the second impact body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas drilling engineering, and particularly relates to an underground tool in the oil and gas drilling engineering, in particular to a screw drilling tool.
Background
Drilling acceleration technology is an important topic in oil and gas well engineering. Along with the exploitation of oil and gas fields, oil and gas exploration gradually advances to the deep layer, the proportion of complex strata and difficult-to-drill strata is increased, the rock breaking difficulty is increased, and the requirements of oil and gas well engineering on drilling speed-increasing technologies and tools are more urgent. In order to meet the construction requirements in difficult formations, many rotary percussion tools based on rotary percussion drilling acceleration technology have emerged.
The current spinning tools can be divided into a jet type impact accelerating tool, a pulse type impact accelerating tool and a mechanical spinning drilling tool on the basis of the working principle. The jet flow type impact acceleration tool utilizes a jet flow element to drive an impact hammer to generate impact load by changing the direction of underground drilling fluid. The pulse type impact speed-increasing tool generates hydraulic pulse oscillation in the tool by utilizing a valve disc interception or hydraulic oscillation cavity, and drives an impact mechanism to generate impact load by utilizing hydraulic impact load. The mechanical rotary percussion drilling tool drives a hammer to generate impact load by using a rotation speed difference between a stator and a rotor by using a rotation power source such as a screw or a turbine. In contrast, the mechanical spinning drilling tool has a good acceleration effect and a long service life, and thus, the mechanical spinning drilling tool is a main implementation mode of the current spinning acceleration technology.
However, the prior art rotary punching tools still have some problems. For example, most of the rotary percussion tools have single function, only axial impact can be realized by sacrificing the rotating speed of a screw drill, high-speed composite rotary drilling cannot be realized, the mechanical drilling speed is low, and the drilling efficiency is low. In addition, performance parameters of the spinning tool cannot be debugged and determined on the ground, the correlation between the magnitude of the axial impact force and drilling parameters such as bit pressure is too strong, and the application range of the spinning tool is small.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a screw drill. The screw drilling tool can convert the rotation kinetic energy into axial impact kinetic energy by utilizing the rotation speed difference between the stator and the rotor of the motor assembly, and stores and releases energy to generate axial impact force, so that axial impact is formed on a drill bit, the rock breaking efficiency and the mechanical rotation speed of the screw drilling tool can be obviously improved, and the impact rock breaking effect is enhanced. In addition, the screw drilling tool is high in applicability and can be applied to shaft construction under various different working conditions.
To this end, according to the present invention, there is provided a screw drill comprising: a motor assembly for converting drilling fluid pressure into mechanical energy to provide a driving force; the energy storage assembly is connected to the downstream end of the motor assembly and comprises an energy storage element shell, a central shaft and an energy storage element, wherein the energy storage element shell is fixedly connected with a stator in the motor assembly, the central shaft is concentrically arranged in the energy storage element shell and is fixedly connected with a rotor in the motor assembly, and the energy storage element is sleeved on the central shaft and can compress energy to store and release energy; and an impact assembly connected to a lower end of the energy storage assembly and used for converting potential energy stored by the energy storage element into axial impact force, wherein the impact assembly comprises a first impact body arranged in the energy storage element shell and a second impact body positioned at the downstream of the first impact body; the first impact body and the second impact body are respectively and fixedly connected with the energy storage element shell and the central shaft in the circumferential direction to generate relative rotation under the action of the rotation speed difference of the stator and the rotor, and the first impact body and the second impact body are configured to enable the first impact body to do periodic axial reciprocating motion under the action of the relative rotation, so that the energy storage element can store and release energy periodically, and the first impact body can generate periodic axial impact on the second impact body.
In a preferred embodiment, the first impact body is configured as a regular prism provided with a central channel, and the corresponding inner wall area of the energy storage element housing is arranged to fit the outer circumferential surface of the regular prism, so that the first impact body forms a fixed circumferential connection with the energy storage element housing.
In a preferred embodiment, the central passage is circular in cross-section and has a diameter greater than the outer diameter of the central shaft.
In a preferred embodiment, a first circumferential tooth is configured on the lower end surface of the first impact body, a second circumferential tooth matched with the first circumferential tooth is arranged on the upper end of the second impact body, the first impact body and the second impact body are in contact fit with the second circumferential tooth through the first circumferential tooth, and the first impact body is made to do periodic axial reciprocating motion under the action of relative rotation.
In a preferred embodiment, the tooth crest height of each of the first circumferential tooth and the second circumferential tooth is set to be in the range of 10 to 30mm, and the tooth crest inclination angle is set to be in the range of 10 to 20 °.
In a preferred embodiment, a spline is arranged at the lower part of the central shaft, a key groove is correspondingly arranged on the inner wall of the upper part of the second impact body, and the central shaft and the second impact body are matched and installed through the spline and the key groove to form a circumferential fixed connection.
In a preferred embodiment, the axial length of the splines is in the range of 300-400mm, the circumferential width is in the range of 30-50mm, and the radial height is in the range of 20-40 mm.
In a preferred embodiment, an annular closed cavity is formed between the axial direction of the motor assembly and the second impact body and the radial direction of the central shaft and the energy storage element housing, the energy storage element and the first impact body are arranged in the closed cavity, and the closed cavity is filled with lubricating grease.
In a preferred embodiment, the upper end of the energy storage element is fixedly connected to the energy storage element housing, and the lower end face of the energy storage element is in press-contact engagement with the upper end face of the first impact body.
In a preferred embodiment, the end of the second impact body is provided with a step portion, the end of the energy storage element shell is provided with an anti-falling nut used for limiting the step portion, and the end of the second impact body is fixedly connected with an adapter used for connecting a drill bit.
Drawings
The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the structure of a screw drill according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view along the line a-a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows the structure of the first impact body in the screw drill of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view along the line B-B in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 shows the structure of the second impact body in the screw drill of fig. 1.
Fig. 6 to 8 schematically show a plan development of the tooth profiles between the first impact body and the second impact body and the meshing process of the tooth profiles.
In the present application, the drawings are all schematic and are used only for illustrating the principles of the invention and are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
The invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In this application it is to be noted that lowering of a screw drill according to the invention into a wellbore at the end near the wellhead is defined as upper end or similar and the end remote from the wellhead is defined as lower end or similar.
Fig. 1 shows the structure of a progressive cavity drilling tool 100 according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the progressive cavity drilling tool 100 includes a motor assembly 110, an energy storage assembly 120, and a percussion assembly 130, which are connected in sequence. The motor assembly 110 serves as a driving power source for providing rotational power to convert drilling fluid hydraulic energy into rotational mechanical energy. The energy storage assembly 120 is connected to the motor assembly 110 for storing the rotational mechanical energy output by the motor assembly, and the energy storage assembly 120 is capable of periodically outputting. The impact assembly 130 is connected with the energy storage assembly, and the impact assembly 130 can receive the energy stored by the energy storage assembly 120, convert the energy into axial mechanical impact energy and output the axial mechanical impact energy to the drill bit of the drilling tool, so that impact rock breaking is realized, and the rock breaking efficiency and the rock breaking effect of the drill bit are improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the motor assembly 110 includes a housing 111 configured in a cylindrical shape. A stator 112 is fixedly mounted on an inner wall of the housing 111, and the stator 112 is a hollow cylinder. A rotor 113 is concentrically arranged inside the stator 112, and the rotor 113 can rotate relative to the stator 112 under the action of the drilling fluid, so that the pressure potential energy of the drilling fluid is converted into mechanical energy to provide rotary power. An upper joint 101 is fixedly connected to an upper end of the housing 111, and the upper joint 101 is used for connecting other components. A drop-preventing assembly 102 is provided in the upper joint 101, and the drop-preventing assembly 102 is connected to an upper end of the rotor 113 for preventing the rotor 113 from dropping. In one embodiment, the drop prevention assembly 102 employs drop prevention bolts.
According to the present invention, a universal shaft 114 is fixedly connected to a lower end of the rotor 113, and the universal shaft 114 transmits rotational power generated by the rotor 113. A cylindrical universal shaft housing 115 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the housing 111, and the universal shaft 114 is concentrically disposed within the universal shaft housing 115. In addition, a water cap 116 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the cardan shaft 114, and the water cap 116 is used for shunting drilling fluid. In one embodiment, the upper end of the water cap 116 is configured as a trapezoidal connector. The water cap 116 is fixedly connected with the cardan shaft 114 through a trapezoidal connection buckle.
As shown in fig. 1, the motor assembly 110 further includes a bearing housing 117. The bearing housing 117 is configured in a cylindrical shape, and both ends of the bearing housing 117 are configured as a positive taper coupling buckle and a negative taper coupling buckle, respectively. The upper end of the bearing shell 117 forms a fixed connection with the cardan shaft shell 115 through a negative conical connecting buckle, and the lower end forms a connection with other parts through a positive conical connecting buckle. This structure of the bearing housing 117 facilitates the mounting connection and can ensure the stability of the connection between the bearing housing 117 and other components.
According to the invention, a transmission shaft 118 is provided in the bearing housing 117, the transmission shaft 118 being arranged concentrically within the bearing housing 117. The transfer shaft 118 is used to transfer torque generated by the rotary power source. The transmission shaft 118 is configured as a hollow cylinder, and one end (upper end in fig. 1) of the transmission shaft 118 is configured as a trapezoidal coupling buckle. And a stepped portion is formed on the outer wall surface of the transmission shaft 118. The transmission shaft 118 is fixedly connected with the water cap 116 through a trapezoidal connection buckle. A thrust bearing 119 is fitted over the transmission shaft 118, and the transmission shaft 118 is mounted in the bearing housing 117 via the thrust bearing 119, so that the transmission shaft 118 can rotate relative to the bearing housing 117. During operation, the thrust bearing 119 can center the transmission shaft 118, so as to ensure smooth transmission of the transmission shaft 118. At the same time, the transfer shaft 118 enables axial pressure transfer, thereby transferring upper weight-on-bit from top to bottom to the lower bit.
In the present embodiment, adjustment rings are attached to both axial ends of the thrust bearing 119. One end of an adjustment ring at the upper end of the thrust bearing 119 is in contact with the shaft end of the thrust bearing 119, and the other end is seated on a stepped portion of the transmission shaft 118 to form an axial fixation. A first shoulder portion is provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the bearing housing 117, and one end of an adjustment ring of the lower end of the thrust bearing 119 is in contact with the thrust bearing 119, and the other end is seated on the first shoulder portion. The adjusting ring is made of brass or hard plastic. The adjustment ring enables adjustment of the axial mounting length of the thrust bearing 119, thereby ensuring stability of the screw tool 100.
As shown in fig. 1, the energy storage assembly 120 is connected to the lower end of the motor assembly 110. The energy storage assembly 120 comprises an energy storage element housing 121, the energy storage element housing 121 being cylindrical and being fixedly connected to the bearing housing 117. In one embodiment, the upper end of the energy storage element housing 121 is configured as a negative taper connector, and the negative taper connector of the upper end of the energy storage element housing 121 is installed in cooperation with the positive taper connector of the lower end of the bearing housing 117 to form a fixed connection. A central shaft 122 is arranged in the energy storage element housing 121, the central shaft 122 being substantially in the form of a hollow cylinder, the central shaft 122 being arranged concentrically in the energy storage element housing 121. The upper end of the central shaft 122 is configured as a trapezoidal coupling buckle, and a second shoulder portion is formed on the inner wall of the upper end of the central shaft 122. The lower end surface of the transfer shaft 118 is seated on the second shoulder portion and is fixedly connected to the center shaft 122 by a trapezoidal connector. In one embodiment, an O-ring seal is provided at the end port of the trapezoidal connector.
According to the present invention, the energy storage assembly 120 further comprises an energy storage element 123 disposed about the central axis 122. The energy storage element 123 may be a disc spring or a torsion spring. Preferably, the energy storage element 123 is a disc spring. The upper end of the energy accumulating element 123 is in contact with the lower end surface of the bearing housing 117, and the lower end of the energy accumulating element 123 is pressed against the upper end surface of the impact assembly 110. The impact assembly 130 is configured to reciprocate axially periodically to cause the energy storage element 123 to compress axially periodically to store and release energy, thereby generating an axial impact force on the impact assembly 130 and transmitting the force to the drill bit to effect impact breaking.
In the present embodiment, an annular sealed cavity is formed between the bearing housing 117 and the impact assembly 130 in the axial direction and between the central shaft 122 and the energy storage element housing 121 in the radial direction. The energy storage element 123 is arranged in the closed cavity, and the closed cavity is filled with lubricating oil or solid lubricating grease. Therefore, the energy storage element 123 and the key impact part of the impact assembly 130 can be lubricated and reduced by lubricating oil or lubricating grease, so that the impact wear between the torsion impact piece 140 and the impact assembly 130 can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the speed-increasing tool 100 is remarkably prolonged. The lubricating grease is high-temperature resistant, can lubricate and absorb heat generated by impact between the energy storage element 123 and the impact assembly 130, and can perform lubrication and abrasion reduction on the energy storage element 123 and the impact assembly 130, so that impact abrasion between the torsion energy storage body 190 and the impact body 180 is effectively reduced, and the service life of the speed-up tool 100 is remarkably prolonged.
According to the present invention, an impact assembly 130 is disposed at a lower end of the energy accumulating assembly 120 and connected to the energy accumulating assembly 120 for generating an axial impact force. As shown in FIG. 1, the impact assembly 130 includes a first impact body 140 and a second impact body 150, the first impact body 140 being located at an upper end of the second impact body 150. Thus, the first impact body 140 is located between the energy storage element 123 and the second impact body 150 in the axial direction, and the lower end of the energy storage element 123 is pressed against the upper end surface of the first impact body 140 to form a contact fit. The first impact body 140 and the second impact body 150 are arranged in the energy storage element housing 121 and are mounted in a concentric arrangement in the lower region of the energy storage element housing 121. The first impact body 140 and the second impact body 150 are configured to be capable of rotating relatively under the action of the difference between the rotation speeds of the stator 112 and the rotor 113 of the magnum assembly 110, and to be capable of making the first impact body 140 perform periodic axial reciprocating motion under the action of the relative rotation, so that the energy storage element periodically stores and releases energy to generate periodic axial impact force on the drill bit through the impact assembly 130.
As shown in fig. 2, the first impact body 140 is configured as a regular prism provided with a central channel, and the inner wall area of the energy storage element housing 121 corresponding to the first impact body 140 is configured to fit the outer peripheral surface of the regular prism, so that the first impact body 140 and the energy storage element housing 121 form a fixed circumferential connection. The central passage of the first impact body 140 has a circular cross-section and a diameter greater than the outer diameter of the central shaft 122, so that the first impact body 140 can rotate relative to the central shaft 122. As a result, the first impact body 140 rotates synchronously with the energy storage element housing 121, so that the first impact body 140 rotates at the same speed as the stator in the motor assembly 110. As shown in fig. 3, first circumferential teeth 141 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction at the lower end of the first impact body 140, and the number of the first circumferential teeth 141 is 3 to 6. The crest height of the first circumferential teeth 141 is set to be in the range of 10-30mm, and the crest inclination angle is set to be in the range of 10-20 °. Preferably, the tooth surface of the first circumferential tooth 141 is formed by hard alloy and high-toughness metal at intervals, so that the tooth surface has impact resistance and wear resistance. The function of the first circumferential teeth 141 of the first impact body 140 will be described below.
As shown in fig. 4, the second impact body 150 is configured in a substantially hollow cylindrical shape. The upper end portion of the second impact body 150 is in mating connection with the lower end portion of the central shaft 122 by means of splines. The inner wall surface of the second impact body 150 is provided with spline grooves, and the lower end portion of the center shaft 122 is provided with splines that can be fitted to the spline grooves. A seal is provided between the central shaft 122 and the mounting surface of the second striker 150 to provide an axial dynamic seal connection between the central shaft 122 and the second striker 150. The length of the spline is set in the range of 300-400mm, the width is set in the range of 30-50mm, and the height is set in the range of 20-40 mm. In one embodiment, 8 spline grooves are formed in the second impact body 150, and 8 splines are correspondingly formed on the outer portion of the lower end of the central shaft 122. Thereby, the second impact body 150 is fixedly connected with the central shaft 122 in the circumferential direction through the spline, so that the second impact body 150 is consistent with the rotation speed of the rotor 113 in the motor assembly 110, and the torque output by the motor assembly 110 can be transmitted to the drill bit.
In one embodiment, a seal (not shown) is provided between the second impact body 150 and the mounting interface of the energy storage element housing 121, such that a dynamic seal is formed between the second impact body 150 and the energy storage element housing 121. Therefore, the sealing performance of the sealed cavity can be effectively ensured.
As shown in fig. 5, a second circumferential tooth 151 adapted to the first circumferential tooth 141 is provided on the upper end surface of the second impact body 150. The first impact body 140 and the second impact body 150 can be brought into contact fit by means of the first circumferential teeth 141 and the second circumferential teeth 151. The first impact body 140 and the second impact body 150 are driven by the difference between the rotational speeds of the stator and the rotor of the motor assembly 110 to rotate relatively and move periodically along the tooth-shaped surfaces of the first circumferential tooth 141 and the second circumferential tooth 151, so as to drive the first impact body 140 to move axially and reciprocally periodically. Similarly, the tooth surface of the second circumferential tooth 151 is formed by hard alloy and high-toughness metal at intervals, so that the tooth surface has impact resistance and wear resistance.
In the present embodiment, a stepped portion is provided outside the lower end of the second impact body 150. The second impact body 150 is disposed inside the energy storage element housing 121, and a drop-preventing nut 171 is mounted on an end of the energy storage element housing 121 to prevent the second impact body 150 from dropping. In the normal drilling process, the gap between the stepped portion of the second impact body 150 and the drop-preventing nut 171 is in the range of 5-20 mm. And under the working condition that no bit pressure exists at the drill bit such as tripping, the step part of the second impact body 150 is in contact fit with the falling-prevention nut 171, so that the second impact body 150 is prevented from falling. An adapter 170 is fixedly coupled to a lower end of the second impact body 150 by a screw thread, and the adapter 170 is used to couple a drill bit so that an impact force generated by the screw drill 100 is transmitted to the drill bit.
In the actual installation process of the screw drill 100 according to the present invention, on the basis of the upper motor assembly 110, the central shaft 122 is connected to the transmission shaft 118, the energy storage element 123 and the first impact body 140 are sleeved in the central shaft 122, the energy storage element housing 121 is sleeved outside the central shaft 122 and is fixedly connected to the bearing housing 117, the second impact body 150 is installed at the lower portion of the energy storage element housing 121, the anti-drop nut 171 is installed, and the conversion joint 170 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the second impact body 150 through a screw thread, thereby completing the installation of the screw drill 100.
The operation of the screw drill 100 according to the present invention will be briefly described. Firstly, the screw drill 100 is lowered to the borehole construction formation, and after the drilling fluid flows into the screw drill 100, the rotor 113 in the motor assembly 110 is driven to rotate at a high speed, and the universal shaft 114, the water cap 116, the transmission shaft 118 and the central shaft 122 are sequentially driven to synchronously rotate to form high-speed rotation, so that the rotation speed of the second impact body 150 is consistent with that of the rotor 113 of the motor assembly 110. Meanwhile, the stator 112 of the motor assembly 110 sequentially drives the housing 111, the cardan shaft housing 115, the bearing housing 117 and the energy storage element housing 121 to synchronously rotate, so that the first impact body 140 and the stator 112 of the motor assembly 110 rotate at the same speed. Thus, the first impact body 140 and the second impact body 150 are relatively rotated by the difference in the rotation speed between the stator 112 and the rotor 113 of the motor assembly 110. Therefore, under the action of relative rotation, the first impact body 140 and the second impact body 150 make the first impact body 140 perform periodic axial reciprocating motion through the matching of the first circumferential teeth 141 and the second circumferential teeth 151, so as to drive the energy storage element 123 to store and release energy periodically. Specifically, when the first impact body 140 moves axially upward, the energy accumulating element 123 is compressed to accumulate energy. When the first impact body 140 moves to the highest point, it falls back quickly. At this time, the elastic potential energy of the energy storage element 123 is released and converted into mechanical impact energy, so that the first impact body 140 generates an axial impact force on the second impact body 150, and the axial impact force is transmitted to the drill bit through the adapter 170, thereby realizing axial rock breaking impact.
Fig. 6 to 8 show the developed lines of the tooth forms of the first circumferential tooth 141 and the second circumferential tooth 151, thereby showing the meshing process of the tooth forms of the first circumferential tooth 141 and the second circumferential tooth 151. As shown in fig. 6 to 8, it is assumed that fig. 6 shows an initial state of the screw drill 100 at a certain time. With the relative rotation between the first impact body 140 and the second impact body 150, the first impact body 140 is caused to move axially upward by the meshing action of the first circumferential teeth 141 and the second circumferential teeth 151. Thereafter, as shown in fig. 8, the first impact body 140 and the second impact body 150 continue to rotate relative to each other due to the difference in rotational speed until the tooth crest of the first impact body 140 engages with the tooth bottom of the second impact body 150, at which time the first impact body 140 generates an axial impact on the second impact body 150. During operation, the first impact body 140 and the second impact body 150 are continuously rotated relatively to each other by the rotary power source, so that the first impact body 140 generates periodic axial impact on the second impact body 150, thereby causing the screw drill 100 to generate periodic axial impact on the drill bit.
The impact frequency and the impact power of the screw drill 100 according to the present invention can be achieved by adjusting the parameters of the energy storage element 123, such as the elastic stiffness, the number of teeth arrangement, the tooth crest height, the tooth surface inclination angle, etc.
The screw drill 100 according to the present invention can utilize the rotation speed difference between the stator 112 and the rotor 113 of the motor assembly 110 to convert the rotation kinetic energy into the axial impact kinetic energy, so as to significantly improve the rock breaking efficiency and the mechanical rotation speed of the screw drill 110 and enhance the impact rock breaking effect. The screw drilling tool 100 can realize the storage and the release of energy through the energy storage element 123, and can adjust the performance parameters of the screw drilling tool 100 on the ground according to specific working conditions, and the device is stable and reliable, high in safety and applicability, and can be applied to shaft construction of various different working conditions such as a vertical well and a directional well. In addition, the screw drilling tool 100 has a simple structure, a simple and convenient operation and construction process and high construction efficiency.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing examples, or that equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A progressive cavity drill, comprising:
a motor assembly (110) for converting drilling fluid pressure into mechanical energy to provide a driving force;
the energy storage assembly (120) is connected to the downstream end of the motor assembly and comprises an energy storage element shell (121) fixedly connected with a stator (112) in the motor assembly, a central shaft (122) concentrically arranged in the energy storage element shell and fixedly connected with a rotor (113) in the motor assembly, and an energy storage element (123) sleeved on the central shaft and capable of compressing energy for storing energy and releasing energy; and
an impact assembly (130) connected at a lower end of the energy storage assembly for converting potential energy stored by the energy storage element into an axial impact force, comprising a first impact body (140) disposed within the energy storage element housing and a second impact body (150) downstream of the first impact body;
the first impact body and the second impact body are respectively and fixedly connected with the energy storage element shell and the central shaft in the circumferential direction to generate relative rotation under the action of the rotation speed difference of the stator and the rotor, and the first impact body and the second impact body are configured to enable the first impact body to do periodic axial reciprocating motion under the action of the relative rotation, so that the energy storage element can store and release energy periodically, and the first impact body can generate periodic axial impact on the second impact body.
2. The progressive cavity drill of claim 1 wherein the first impact body is configured as a regular prism provided with a central channel, and wherein the corresponding inner wall area of the energy storage element housing is arranged to fit the outer peripheral surface of the regular prism, thereby providing a circumferentially fixed connection of the first impact body to the energy storage element housing.
3. The progressive cavity drill of claim 2 wherein the central passage is circular in cross-section and has a diameter greater than the outer diameter of the central shaft.
4. The progressive cavity drill according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a first circumferential tooth (141) is formed on the lower end surface of the first impact body, a second circumferential tooth (151) adapted to the first circumferential tooth is formed on the upper end of the second impact body, and the first impact body and the second impact body are in contact fit with the second circumferential tooth through the first circumferential tooth and make the first impact body perform periodic axial reciprocating motion under the action of relative rotation.
5. The progressive cavity drill of claim 4 wherein the first circumferential teeth and the second circumferential teeth each have a crest height in the range of 10-30mm and a crest angle in the range of 10 ° -20 °.
6. The progressive cavity drill of claim 1 wherein the lower portion of the central shaft is provided with splines, and the inner wall of the upper portion of the second impact body is correspondingly provided with key grooves, and the central shaft and the second impact body are fixedly connected in the circumferential direction by the splines and the key grooves.
7. The progressive cavity drill of claim 6 wherein the axial length of the splines is in the range of 300-400mm, the circumferential width is in the range of 30-50mm, and the radial height is in the range of 20-40 mm.
8. The progressive cavity drill of claim 1 wherein an annular sealed cavity is formed between the axial direction of the motor assembly and the second ram and between the central shaft and the radial direction of the housing of the energy storage element, the energy storage element and the first ram being disposed within the sealed cavity and the sealed cavity being filled with a lubricating grease.
9. The progressive cavity drill according to claim 1 or 8, wherein the energy storage element has an upper end portion fixedly connected to the energy storage element housing and a lower end surface in press-contact engagement with the upper end surface of the first impact body.
10. The progressive cavity drill according to claim 1, wherein a step portion is provided at an end portion of the second impact body, a drop-proof nut (171) for limiting the step portion is installed at an end portion of the energy storage element housing, and an adapter (170) for connecting a drill bit is fixedly connected to the end portion of the second impact body.
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| CN201910932679.0A CN112576183B (en) | 2019-09-29 | 2019-09-29 | Screw drilling tool |
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| CN201910932679.0A CN112576183B (en) | 2019-09-29 | 2019-09-29 | Screw drilling tool |
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| CN112576183B CN112576183B (en) | 2023-04-28 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114961568A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2022-08-30 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Multidirectional oscillation impact screw drill |
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| CN112576183B (en) | 2023-04-28 |
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