CN112554802A - PDC drill bit, PDC composite sheet and box-type installation method thereof - Google Patents
PDC drill bit, PDC composite sheet and box-type installation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112554802A CN112554802A CN202011565950.0A CN202011565950A CN112554802A CN 112554802 A CN112554802 A CN 112554802A CN 202011565950 A CN202011565950 A CN 202011565950A CN 112554802 A CN112554802 A CN 112554802A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/56—Button-type inserts
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Abstract
本发明提出一种PDC钻头、PDC复合片及其盒式安装方法；PDC复合片包含复合片以及保护盒；复合片包含合金基体及金刚石聚晶层，金刚石聚晶层设置于合金基体前端；保护盒具有盒腔，盒腔用以容纳复合片且前端开口，以供复合片前端露出于盒腔前端的开口；复合片前端的外径小于复合片后端的外径，盒腔的形状与复合片的形状相匹配，以使复合片与保护盒自锁紧。本发明提出的PDC复合片，能够实现复合片与保护盒通过上述尺寸差异而与外部配件间隙配合而实现自锁紧。相比于采用卡环限位和滚珠的现有安装设计方案，本发明提出的PDC复合片能够由固定性变为能动性，从而增加PDC复合片的使用面积，进而实现降本增效的功效。
The invention provides a PDC drill bit, a PDC composite sheet and a box-type installation method thereof; the PDC composite sheet comprises a composite sheet and a protection box; the composite sheet includes an alloy matrix and a diamond polycrystalline layer, and the diamond polycrystalline layer is arranged at the front end of the alloy matrix; protection The box has a box cavity, the box cavity is used to accommodate the composite sheet and the front end is open, so that the front end of the composite sheet is exposed to the opening of the front end of the box cavity; the outer diameter of the front end of the composite sheet is smaller than the outer diameter of the rear end of the composite sheet, and the shape of the box cavity is the same as that of the composite sheet. The shape of the composite sheet is matched with the protective box, so that the composite sheet and the protective box are self-locking. The PDC composite sheet proposed by the present invention can realize self-locking of the composite sheet and the protective box by clearance fit with external accessories through the above-mentioned dimensional difference. Compared with the existing installation design scheme using the retaining ring and the ball, the PDC composite sheet proposed by the present invention can change from fixed to dynamic, thereby increasing the usable area of the PDC composite sheet, thereby achieving the effect of cost reduction and efficiency improvement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, in particular to a PDC drill bit, a PDC composite sheet and a box-type installation method thereof.
Background
Polycrystalline diamond (hereinafter, abbreviated as PDC) compacts are formed by sintering diamond micro powder and hard alloy at high temperature and high pressure, have the hardness of diamond and the toughness of hard alloy, and are widely applied to drill bits and cutters of petroleum and coal.
The existing PDC composite sheet usually adopts a snap ring and a ball to limit to achieve the purpose of movement, the snap ring is high in installation precision requirement, thin in thickness and large in deformation under the action of high temperature and external force. The position requirement precision is higher when the ball is installed, and produce the card pause easily and can't rotate, and fore-and-aft atress can't reach the expectant effect when carrying out the operation.
Moreover, the traditional polycrystalline diamond compact is welded on the body by adopting a brazing method, because the polycrystalline diamond compact is generally in a cylindrical structure and the like, the exposed range of the polycrystalline diamond compact only accounts for 30% -40% of the whole structure, and the rest part of the polycrystalline diamond compact does not participate in cutting. In the field of petroleum and coal exploration, along with the increase of drilling depth, the requirement on the polycrystalline diamond compact is higher and higher, the existing design is difficult to adapt to the current complex stratum condition, and the development of the exploration field is severely restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and to provide a PDC composite sheet that can increase its usable area by changing its activity from a fixed one.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a PDC compact; the composite sheet comprises a composite sheet and a protection box; the composite sheet comprises an alloy substrate and a diamond polycrystalline layer, wherein the diamond polycrystalline layer is arranged at the front end of the alloy substrate; the protection box is provided with a box cavity, the box cavity is used for accommodating the composite sheet, and the front end of the box cavity is provided with an opening, so that the front end of the composite sheet is exposed out of the opening at the front end of the box cavity; wherein, the external diameter of compound piece front end is less than the external diameter of compound piece rear end, the shape of box chamber with the shape phase-match of compound piece, so that compound piece with protection box self-locking.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the composite sheet has a trapezoidal cross section in the axial direction.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the alloy base has a first portion and a second portion of an integral structure, the first portion is connected to a front end of the second portion, and a cross section of the first portion in the axial direction is different from a cross section of the second portion in the axial direction.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first portion has a rectangular or trapezoidal cross section in the axial direction; and/or the cross section of the second part along the axial direction is rectangular, trapezoidal, arched or fan-shaped.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the outer diameter of the rear end of the first section is smaller than or equal to the outer diameter of the front end of the second section.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the outer diameter of the rear end of the first portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the front end of the second portion, so that the front end of the second portion forms a stepped surface structure surrounding the outer periphery of the rear end of the first portion.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the length of the alloy matrix is greater than the length of the polycrystalline diamond layer in the axial direction of the compact.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the length of the composite sheet in the axial direction is 10mm to 30 mm; and/or the length of the diamond polycrystalline layer in the axial direction of the compact is 1.5 mm-2.5 mm; and/or the part of the composite sheet, which is exposed out of the front end opening of the box cavity, has a length of 1.5-3 mm in the axial direction of the composite sheet; and/or the section of the protection box along the axial direction is rectangular or trapezoidal.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the front end part of the protective box is removed to form a slope structure, so that the composite sheet is partially exposed out of the slope structure.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a transition chamfer structure is formed at the junction position of the inclined plane structure and the rest part of the protection box.
According to the technical scheme, the PDC composite sheet provided by the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the PDC composite sheet provided by the invention adopts the design that the composite sheet is arranged in the box cavity of the protection box, the outer diameter of the front end of the composite sheet is designed to be smaller than the outer diameter of the rear end of the composite sheet, and the shape of the box cavity is matched with that of the composite sheet, so that the composite sheet and the protection box can be in clearance fit with external accessories through the size difference to realize self-locking. Compared with the existing installation design scheme adopting snap ring limiting and rolling balls, the PDC composite sheet provided by the invention can be changed from immobilization to activity, so that the use area of the PDC composite sheet is increased, and the effects of cost reduction and efficiency improvement are further realized.
It is another primary object of the present invention to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a PDC bit having the above-mentioned PDC compact.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
according to another aspect of the present invention, a PDC drill bit is provided, which includes a drill bit body and a PDC compact disposed on the drill bit body; the PDC composite sheet is the PDC composite sheet proposed by the present invention and described in the above embodiments.
According to the technical scheme, the PDC drill bit provided by the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
by adopting the design of the PDC composite sheet, the PDC drill bit provided by the invention can adapt to drilling of complex strata, particularly deep well areas, the service life of the drill bit can be effectively prolonged, the tripping times are reduced, and the drilling period is shortened.
It is a further primary object of the present invention to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a method of manufacturing and installing a PDC compact.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
according to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cartridge installation method of a PDC composite sheet; wherein, include the following steps:
preparing a protection box, wherein the protection box is provided with a box cavity, and the inner diameter of the front end of the box cavity is smaller than that of the rear end of the box cavity;
processing the composite sheet into a shape matched with the size of the box cavity, and utilizing the difference of the outer diameters of the front end and the rear end of the composite sheet to enable the composite sheet to be self-locked with the protection box;
removing the front end part structure of the protection box to enable the box cavity to be opened at the front end of the protection box, and exposing the front end of the composite sheet to the opening at the front end of the box cavity to obtain the PDC composite sheet;
and fixing the PDC composite sheet on the drill bit to complete the installation of the PDC composite sheet.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the PDC compact is brazed to the drill bit; and/or after the PDC composite sheet is fixed on the drill bit, removing part of the front end of the protection box to form a slope structure, so that the composite sheet is partially exposed out of the slope structure.
According to the technical scheme, the box-type installation method of the PDC composite sheet has the advantages and positive effects that:
the box-type installation method of the PDC composite sheet provided by the invention is characterized in that the composite sheet is arranged on the protection box, the outer diameter of the front end of the composite sheet is designed to be smaller than the outer diameter of the rear end of the composite sheet, and the shape of the box cavity is matched with that of the composite sheet, so that the composite sheet and the protection box can be in clearance fit with external accessories through the size difference to realize self-locking. Compared with the existing installation design scheme adopting snap ring limiting and rolling balls, the PDC composite sheet manufactured by the box-type installation method provided by the invention can be changed from the immobilization to the activity, so that the use area of the PDC composite sheet is increased, and the effects of cost reduction and efficiency improvement are further realized.
Drawings
Various objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention, when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings are merely exemplary of the invention and are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings, like reference characters designate the same or similar parts throughout the different views. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a PDC compact in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the PDC compact shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an axial cross-sectional view of the PDC compact shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a baffle of the PDC compact shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a PDC compact in accordance with another exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 6 is an axial cross-sectional perspective view of the PDC compact shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a side view of a compact of the PDC compact shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is an axial cross-sectional perspective view of a PDC compact in accordance with another exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a side view of the compact of the PDC compact shown in FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is an axial cross-sectional perspective view of a PDC compact in accordance with another exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a side view of a compact of the PDC compact shown in FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is an axial cross-sectional perspective view of a PDC compact in accordance with another exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 13 is a side view of the compact of the PDC compact shown in FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating a partial structure of a PDC bit in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
The reference numerals are explained below:
100 a PDC composite sheet;
110. a composite sheet;
111. an alloy matrix;
1111. a first part;
1112. a second section;
1113. a step surface structure;
112. a diamond polycrystalline layer;
120. a protection box;
121. a cassette cavity;
122. a bevel structure;
1221. a transition chamfer structure;
130. a baffle plate;
131. a through hole;
200. a drill bit body;
phi 1, outer diameter;
phi 2, outer diameter;
phi 3, outer diameter;
phi 4, outer diameter;
l1, length;
l2, length;
l3, length.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments that embody features and advantages of the invention are described in detail below. It is to be understood that the invention is capable of other and different embodiments and its several details are capable of modification without departing from the scope of the invention, and that the description and drawings are accordingly to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.
In the following description of various exemplary embodiments of the invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which are shown by way of illustration various exemplary structures, systems, and steps in which aspects of the invention may be practiced. It is to be understood that other specific arrangements of parts, structures, example devices, systems, and steps may be utilized and structural and functional modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Moreover, although the terms "over," "between," "within," and the like may be used in this specification to describe various example features and elements of the invention, these terms are used herein for convenience only, e.g., in accordance with the orientation of the examples described in the figures. Nothing in this specification should be construed as requiring a specific three dimensional orientation of structures in order to fall within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a perspective view of a PDC compact according to the present invention is representatively illustrated. In the exemplary embodiment, the PDC composite sheet proposed by the present invention is described as being applied to a PDC drill bit. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications, additions, substitutions, deletions, or other changes may be made to the embodiments described below in order to apply the inventive concepts to other types of drill bits or other drilling equipment, and still fall within the scope of the principles of the PDC compacts set forth herein.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a PDC composite sheet 100 according to the present invention includes a composite sheet 110 and a protective case 120. Referring collectively to fig. 2 through 4, a side view of a PDC compact 100 that can embody principles of the present invention is representatively illustrated in fig. 2; representatively illustrated in FIG. 3 is an axial cross-sectional view of a PDC compact 100 which can embody principles of the present invention; representatively illustrated in fig. 4 is a perspective view of a baffle 130 of a PDC compact 100 which can embody principles of the present invention. The structure, connection and functional relationship of the main components of the PDC composite sheet 100 according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in the present embodiment, the compact 110 includes an alloy substrate 111 and a diamond polycrystalline layer 112, and the diamond polycrystalline layer 112 is disposed at a front end (a right end and a left end in fig. 2 and 3 are rear ends) of the alloy substrate 111. The protective casing 120 has a casing cavity 121, and the casing cavity 121 is used for accommodating the composite sheet 110. The front end of the box cavity 121 of the protection box 120 is open so that the front end of the composite sheet 110 is exposed out of the opening at the front end of the box cavity 121, and the part of the composite sheet 110 exposed out of the protection box 120 can be suitable for the transportation of rock debris, so as to protect the alloy substrate 111 and the diamond polycrystalline layer 112 of the composite sheet 110 from being cooled in time. On the basis, the outer diameter phi 2 of the front end of the composite sheet 110 is smaller than the outer diameter phi 1 of the rear end of the composite sheet 110, and the shape of the box cavity 121 is matched with the shape of the composite sheet 110, so that the composite sheet 110 and the protection box 120 are self-locked. Through the design, the invention can realize that the composite sheet 110 and the protection box 120 are in clearance fit with external accessories to realize self-locking through the size difference. Compared with the existing installation design scheme adopting snap ring limiting and rolling balls, the PDC composite sheet 100 provided by the invention can be changed from the immobilization to the activity, so that the use area of the PDC composite sheet 100 is increased, and the effects of cost reduction and efficiency improvement are further realized. In addition, through the arrangement of the protection box 120, the invention can effectively avoid the composite sheet 110 from being carbonized due to overhigh heating, and effectively isolate the damage of high temperature to the composite sheet 110.
The term "motility" means: as the PDC compact 100 according to the present invention has a shape with a small front and a large rear, and the compact 100 has a space for the movable rotation in the cavity of the protective casing 120, the compact 100 may form a regular or irregular rotation in the cavity along with the drill bit.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the length L1 of the composite sheet 110 in the axial direction may be 10mm to 30mm, for example, 10mm, 15mm, 28mm, 30mm, or the like. In other embodiments, the length L1 of the composite sheet 110 in the axial direction may also be less than 10mm, or may be greater than 30mm, such as 9.5mm, 32mm, etc., without being limited to this embodiment.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the length L2 of the diamond polycrystalline layer 112 in the axial direction of the compact 110 may be 1.5mm to 2.5mm, such as 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2.4mm, 2.5mm, etc. In other embodiments, the length L2 of the diamond polycrystalline layer 112 in the axial direction of the compact 110 may also be less than 1.5mm, or may be greater than 2.5mm, such as 1.4mm, 2.6mm, etc., and is not limited in this embodiment.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the length L3 of the portion of the composite sheet 110 exposed to the front end opening of the cassette cavity 121 in the axial direction of the composite sheet 110 may be 1.5mm to 3mm, for example, 1.5mm, 1.9mm, 2.2mm, 3mm, or the like. In other embodiments, the length L3 of the portion of the composite sheet 110 exposed to the front opening of the box cavity 121 may be less than 1.5mm, or may be greater than 3mm, such as 1.4mm, 3.2mm, and the like, and is not limited to this embodiment.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, the section of the protection box 120 in the axial direction may be substantially rectangular. In other embodiments, the cross section of the protection case 120 in the axial direction may be trapezoidal, wedge-shaped, or the like, and is not limited to this embodiment.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, the section of the protection box 120 in the radial direction may be substantially rectangular, for example, square. In other embodiments, the cross section of the protection box 120 in the radial direction may be circular, oval, trapezoidal, wedge-shaped, and the like, and is not limited to this embodiment.
Alternatively, in this embodiment, the material of the protection box 120 may include carbon steel, which has the advantages of wide material selection range, low cost, and strong workability. In other embodiments, the material of the protection box 120 can be flexibly selected, such as other metals or non-metals.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, in the present embodiment, a baffle 130130 is provided at the rear end of the protection box 120 to protect the composite sheet 110 from being damaged. Wherein, in the processing of the PDC composite sheet 100, both the front end and the rear end of the protection box 120 may be provided with the baffle 130, and the baffle 130 at the front end is removed after processing, and the baffle 130130 at the rear end may be retained. Further, the baffle 130130 is provided with a through hole 131131, and the aperture of the through hole 131131 is approximately equal to the outer diameter Φ 1 of the rear end of the composite sheet 110, so as to protect the alloy substrate 111 and the diamond polycrystalline layer 112 of the composite sheet 110 from being invaded by liquid on the premise of activity.
Based on the above detailed description of an exemplary embodiment of the PDC composite sheet 100 according to the present invention, another exemplary embodiment of the PDC composite sheet 100 according to the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 5 to 7.
As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, the PDC compact 100 is of a similar design to the embodiment shown in fig. 1-4 described above. Referring collectively to fig. 6 and 7, an axial cross-sectional perspective view of the PDC compact 100 shown in fig. 5 is representatively illustrated in fig. 6; representatively illustrated in fig. 7 is a side view of the compact 110 of the PDC compact 100 illustrated in fig. 5. The design of the PDC composite sheet 100 according to the present invention, which differs from the above-described embodiments in the present embodiment, will be described below with reference to the above-described drawings.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, in the present embodiment, the front end portion of the protective case 120 is removed to form a slope structure 122, so that the composite sheet 110 is partially exposed to the slope structure 122. Through the design, the PDC composite sheet 100 provided by the present invention can increase the portion of the composite sheet 110 exposed to the protection box 120, for example, expose a portion of the alloy substrate 111 to the inclined plane structure 122, thereby optimizing the cutting effect of the PDC composite sheet 100 on the rock formation, and further achieving the effects of cost reduction and efficiency improvement.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, the ramp structure 122 may be formed at the top region of the front end of the protection casing 120, and since the bottom of the protection casing 120 is used to support the above structures, when the PDC composite sheet 100 is fixed to the drill bit with the bottom of the protection casing 120, the bottom of the protection casing 120 is the most stressed part. On this basis, the axis of the composite sheet 110 may be offset upward from the axis of the protective box 120, that is, the thickness of the portion of the protective box 120 located below the composite sheet 110 may be greater than the thickness of the portion of the protective box 120 located above the composite sheet 110. In addition, the portion of the protective case 120 located on the side surface of the composite sheet 110 may have increased structural strength while achieving the above-described activity.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, in the present embodiment, a transition chamfer structure 1221, such as a chamfer angle, a fillet, or the like, may be formed at a boundary position of the slope structure 122 and the rest of the protection box 120. Through the design, the stress release can be reduced by using the transition chamfer structure 1221, and the alloy matrix 111 and the diamond polycrystalline layer 112 of the compact 110 are further protected.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, in the present embodiment, the composite sheet 110 may have a substantially trapezoidal cross section in the axial direction. The big end of the trapezoid corresponds to the rear end of the composite sheet 110, and the small end of the trapezoid corresponds to the front end of the composite sheet 110. In other embodiments, in order to realize a design in which the outer diameter Φ 1 of the rear end of the composite sheet 110 is greater than the outer diameter Φ 2 of the front end thereof, the cross section of the composite sheet 110 along the axial direction may have other shapes, and several typical examples will be described in the following embodiments and will not be described herein.
Based on the above detailed description of several exemplary embodiments of the PDC composite sheet 100 proposed by the present invention, another exemplary embodiment of the PDC composite sheet 100 proposed by the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 8 and 9.
As shown in fig. 8, in this embodiment, the PDC compact 100 is of a similar design to the embodiment shown in fig. 1-7 described above. Referring additionally to fig. 9, a side view of the compact 110 of the PDC compact 100 shown in fig. 8 is representatively illustrated in fig. 9. The design of the PDC composite sheet 100 according to the present invention, which differs from the above-described embodiments in the present embodiment, will be described below with reference to the above-described drawings.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, in the present embodiment, the alloy base 111 has a first portion 1111 and a second portion 1112 which are integrally formed. Specifically, the first portion 1111 is connected to the tip of the second portion 1112, and the cross section of the first portion 1111 in the axial direction is different from the cross section of the second portion 1112 in the axial direction. In addition, in the present embodiment, the first portion 1111 has a substantially rectangular cross section in the axial direction, and the second portion 1112 has a substantially rectangular cross section in the axial direction. Accordingly, the width of the rectangle corresponding to the cross section of the first portion 1111 in the radial direction corresponds to the outer diameter Φ 2 of the front end of the composite sheet 110, and the width of the rectangle corresponding to the cross section of the second portion 1112 in the radial direction corresponds to the outer diameter Φ 1 of the rear end of the composite sheet 110. Therefore, the width of the rectangle corresponding to the first portion 1111 is smaller than the width of the rectangle corresponding to the second portion 1112. That is, the outer diameter φ 3 of the second portion 1112 is larger than the outer diameter φ 4 of the first portion 1111.
As shown in fig. 9, in the present embodiment, the alloy base 111 has a first portion 1111 and a second portion 1112, and the outer diameter of the first portion 1111 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second portion 1112, so that the front end of the second portion 1112 forms a stepped surface structure 1113 surrounding the outer periphery of the rear end of the first portion 1111.
Based on the above detailed description of several exemplary embodiments of the PDC composite sheet 100 proposed by the present invention, another exemplary embodiment of the PDC composite sheet 100 proposed by the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 10 and 11.
As shown in fig. 10, in this embodiment, the PDC compact 100 is of a similar design to the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 9 described above. Referring to fig. 11 in combination, a side view of the compact 110 of the PDC compact 100 shown in fig. 10 is representatively illustrated in fig. 11. The design of the PDC composite sheet 100 according to the present invention, which differs from the above-described embodiments in the present embodiment, will be described below with reference to the above-described drawings.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, in the present embodiment, the first portion 1111 of the alloy base 111 has a substantially trapezoidal cross section in the axial direction, and the larger end of the trapezoid corresponds to the rear end of the first portion 1111 and is connected to the front end of the second portion 1112, and the smaller end of the trapezoid corresponds to the front end of the first portion 1111. On this basis, the second portion 1112 has a substantially arcuate cross section in the axial direction, and a chord-side end of the arcuate cross section corresponds to the front end of the second portion 1112 and is connected to the rear end of the first portion 1111, and an arc-side end of the arcuate cross section corresponds to the rear end of the second portion 1112. Accordingly, the arcuate second portion 1112 defines an outer diameter φ 1 of the rear end of the composite sheet 110 in a chord length thereof.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 11, in the present embodiment, the chord length of the corresponding arc of the second portion 1112 (i.e., the outer diameter φ 3 of the second portion 1112) may be equal to the outer diameter φ 4 of the rear end of the first portion 1111. In addition, the step surface structure 1113 in the above embodiment is not formed between the first portion 1111 and the second portion 1112. In another embodiment, based on the design that the first portion 1111 has a trapezoid cross section in the axial direction and the second portion 1112 has an arc cross section in the axial direction, the chord length of the arc may be larger than the width of the large end of the trapezoid, that is, the outer diameter Φ 3 of the second portion 1112 may be larger than the outer diameter Φ 4 of the rear end of the first portion 1111, so that the step surface structure 1113 is formed between the first portion 1111 and the second portion 1112, which is not limited to this embodiment.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 11, in the present embodiment, the cross section of the second portion 1112 in the axial direction may be substantially semicircular, that is, a special arc shape having a chord length equal to the diameter of the corresponding circle.
Based on the above detailed description of several exemplary embodiments of the PDC composite sheet 100 proposed by the present invention, another exemplary embodiment of the PDC composite sheet 100 proposed by the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 12 and 13.
As shown in fig. 12, in this embodiment, the PDC compact 100 is designed similarly to the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 11 described above. Referring additionally to fig. 13, a side view of the compact 110 of the PDC compact 100 shown in fig. 12 is representatively illustrated in fig. 13. The design of the PDC composite sheet 100 according to the present invention, which differs from the above-described embodiments in the present embodiment, will be described below with reference to the above-described drawings.
As shown in fig. 12 and 13, in the present embodiment, the first portion 1111 of the alloy base 111 has a substantially rectangular cross section in the axial direction. In addition, the cross section of the second portion 1112 along the axial direction is substantially trapezoidal, and the large end of the trapezoid corresponds to the rear end of the second portion 1112, i.e. the rear end of the composite sheet 110, and the small end of the trapezoid corresponds to the front end of the second portion 1112 and is connected to the rear end of the first portion 1111. Accordingly, the second portion 1112 having a trapezoidal shape defines an outer diameter Φ 1 of the rear end of the composite sheet 110 with an outer diameter of the rear end (i.e., a width of a large end of the trapezoidal shape).
As shown in fig. 13, in the present embodiment, an outer diameter Φ 3 of a front end of the second portion 1112 may be larger than an outer diameter Φ 4 of a rear end of the first portion 1111 (i.e., an outer diameter of the first portion 1111), whereby a stepped surface structure 1113 is formed between the first portion 1111 and the second portion 1112. In another embodiment, based on the design that the first portion 1111 has a rectangular cross section in the axial direction and the second portion 1112 has a trapezoidal cross section in the axial direction, the outer diameter Φ 3 of the front end of the second portion 1112 (i.e., the width of the small end of the trapezoid) may be equal to the outer diameter Φ 4 of the rear end of the first portion 1111, and the step surface structure 1113 is not formed between the first portion 1111 and the second portion 1112, which is not limited to this embodiment.
In view of the above, it can be seen from the above detailed description of several exemplary embodiments that in various possible embodiments of the PDC composite sheet 100 according to the present invention, the composite sheet 110 can be designed in various possible ways to meet the design concept that the outer diameter Φ 1 at the rear end of the composite sheet 110 is larger than the outer diameter Φ 2 at the front end thereof. According to the PDC composite sheet 100 provided by the invention, the composite sheet 110 and the protection box 120 are installed in a clearance fit mode through the size change, the matching of the taper, the step surface structure 1113, the hemisphere, the cambered surface and other difference structures is matched with the inner shape of the box cavity 121 during matching, high-precision equipment can be adopted for grinding and polishing processes, and the PDC composite sheet 100 has the process advantages of simplicity in installation, accuracy in matching and the like.
Further, when the composite sheet 110 is designed to have the first portion 1111 and the second portion 1112, the shapes of the first portion 1111 and the second portion 1112, that is, the sizes of the respective positions, can be flexibly adjusted based on the design concept. For example, in various embodiments, the first portion 1111 may have a rectangular, trapezoidal, or the like cross section in the axial direction. For another example, in various embodiments, the second portion 1112 can have a rectangular, trapezoidal, arcuate, fan-shaped, etc. cross-section in the axial direction. On the basis of this, the cross-sectional shapes and sizes of the first portion 1111 and the second portion 1112 may be arbitrarily selected and combined without being limited to the above embodiment, while satisfying the design concept that the outer diameter Φ 1 of the rear end of the composite sheet 110 is larger than the outer diameter Φ 2 of the front end thereof.
It should be noted herein that the PDC compacts illustrated in the drawings and described in this specification are merely a few examples of the wide variety of PDC compacts that are capable of employing the principles of the present invention. It should be clearly understood that the principles of the present invention are in no way limited to any of the details or any of the components of the PDC compacts shown in the drawings or described in this specification.
In summary, the PDC composite sheet provided by the present invention adopts a design in which the composite sheet is disposed in the box cavity of the protection box, and the outer diameter of the front end of the composite sheet is designed to be smaller than the outer diameter of the rear end of the composite sheet, and the shape of the box cavity matches the shape of the composite sheet, so that the composite sheet and the protection box can be in clearance fit with external accessories through the above size difference to achieve self-locking. Compared with the existing installation design scheme adopting snap ring limiting and rolling balls, the PDC composite sheet provided by the invention can be changed from immobilization to activity, so that the use area of the PDC composite sheet is increased, and the effects of cost reduction and efficiency improvement are further realized.
Based on the above detailed description of several exemplary embodiments of the PDC composite sheet proposed by the present invention, an exemplary embodiment of the PDC drill bit proposed by the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 14.
Referring to fig. 14, a schematic view of a portion of a PDC bit according to the present invention is representatively illustrated. In the exemplary embodiment, the PDC bit proposed by the present invention is described by taking a drilling apparatus applied to the oil or coal industry as an example. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications, additions, substitutions, deletions, or other changes may be made to the specific embodiments described below in order to utilize the inventive concepts of the present invention in other types of drill bits and other drilling equipment, and still fall within the scope of the principles of the PDC drill bit set forth herein.
As shown in fig. 14, in the present embodiment, the PDC drill bit of the present invention includes a bit body 200 and a PDC compact. Specifically, the PDC composite sheet is the PDC composite sheet 100 proposed by the present invention and described in detail in the above embodiments. The time PDC compacts 100 are disposed on the bit body 200. Through the design, the PDC drill bit provided by the invention can adapt to drilling of complex strata, particularly deep well areas, the service life of the drill bit can be effectively prolonged, the tripping times are reduced, and the drilling period is shortened.
Alternatively, in this embodiment, the PDC composite sheet 100 may be secured to the bit body 200 by brazing.
It should be noted herein that the PDC bits illustrated in the figures and described in the present specification are but a few examples of the many types of PDC bits that can employ the principles of the present invention. It should be clearly understood that the principles of the present invention are in no way limited to any of the details or any of the components of the PDC bit shown in the drawings or described in this specification.
In summary, the PDC drill bit provided by the present invention, through the design of the PDC composite sheet provided by the present invention, can adapt to drilling of a complex formation, especially a deep well region, and can effectively prolong the life of the drill bit, reduce the tripping times, and shorten the drilling period.
Based on the above detailed description of several exemplary embodiments of the PDC composite sheet and the PDC drill bit proposed by the present invention, the method of cartridge installation of the PDC composite sheet proposed by the present invention will be described in detail below.
In the present embodiment, the method for mounting a cartridge of a PDC composite sheet according to the present invention includes the steps of:
preparing a protection box, wherein the protection box is provided with a box cavity, and the inner diameter of the front end of the box cavity is smaller than that of the rear end of the box cavity;
processing the composite sheet into a shape matched with the size of the box cavity, and enabling the composite sheet to be self-locked with the protection box by utilizing the outer diameter difference of the front end and the rear end of the composite sheet;
removing the front end part structure of the protection box to enable the box cavity to be opened at the front end of the protection box, and exposing the front end of the composite sheet to the opening at the front end of the box cavity to obtain the PDC composite sheet;
and fixing the PDC composite sheet on the drill bit to complete the installation of the PDC composite sheet.
Through the design, the box-type installation method of the PDC composite sheet provided by the invention can realize that the composite sheet and the protection box are in clearance fit with external accessories through the size difference to realize self-locking. Compared with the existing installation design scheme adopting snap ring limiting and rolling balls, the PDC composite sheet manufactured by the box-type installation method provided by the invention can be changed from the immobilization to the activity, so that the use area of the PDC composite sheet is increased, and the effects of cost reduction and efficiency improvement are further realized.
Alternatively, in the present embodiment, for the "fixing the PDC compact to the drill bit" step, the PDC compact may be fixed to the drill bit by brazing.
Alternatively, in the present embodiment, after the PDC composite sheet is fixed to the drill, a portion of the front end of the protective case may be further removed to form a slope structure, so that the composite sheet is partially exposed to the slope structure.
Further, based on the process design of removing part of the front end of the protection box to form the slope structure, in this embodiment, the removal of part of the front end of the protection box may be specifically implemented by grinding.
It is noted herein that the cartridge installation methods of PDC compacts illustrated in the drawings and described in the present specification are only a few examples of the many types of tooling and installation methodologies that can employ the principles of the present invention. It should be clearly understood that the principles of the present invention are in no way limited to any of the details or any of the steps of the cartridge installation method of PDC compacts shown in the drawings or described in this specification.
In summary, in the box-type installation method of the PDC composite sheet according to the present invention, the composite sheet is disposed in the protection box, the outer diameter of the front end of the composite sheet is designed to be smaller than the outer diameter of the rear end of the composite sheet, and the shape of the box cavity is matched with the shape of the composite sheet, so that the composite sheet and the protection box can be in clearance fit with external accessories through the size difference to achieve self-locking. Compared with the existing installation design scheme adopting snap ring limiting and balls, the box-type installation method provided by the invention does not need to process clamping grooves and arc raceways at hard alloy parts, and saves the time for manufacturing a tool clamp and the working procedure. The PDC composite sheet prepared by the method can change the immobility into the activity, so that the use area of the PDC composite sheet is increased, and the effects of cost reduction and efficiency improvement are further realized.
Exemplary embodiments of the presently proposed PDC bit, PDC compact, and methods of cartridge installation thereof have been described and/or illustrated in detail above. Embodiments of the invention are not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, but rather, components and/or steps of each embodiment may be utilized independently and separately from other components and/or steps described herein. Each component and/or step of one embodiment can also be used in combination with other components and/or steps of other embodiments. When introducing elements/components/etc. described and/or illustrated herein, the articles "a," "an," and "the" are intended to mean that there are one or more of the elements/components/etc. The terms "comprising," "including," and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. other than the listed elements/components/etc. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" and the like in the claims and the description are used merely as labels, and are not numerical limitations of their objects.
While the present PDC bit, PDC compact, and method of installing the cartridge have been described in terms of various specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (12)
1. A PDC compact, comprising:
the composite sheet comprises an alloy substrate and a diamond polycrystalline layer, wherein the diamond polycrystalline layer is arranged at the front end of the alloy substrate; and
the protection box is provided with a box cavity, the box cavity is used for accommodating the composite sheet, and the front end of the box cavity is provided with an opening, so that the front end of the composite sheet is exposed out of the opening at the front end of the box cavity;
wherein, the external diameter of compound piece front end is less than the external diameter of compound piece rear end, the shape of box chamber with the shape phase-match of compound piece, so that compound piece with protection box self-locking.
2. The PDC compact of claim 1, wherein the compact is trapezoidal in cross-section in an axial direction.
3. The PDC compact of claim 1, wherein the alloy matrix has a first portion and a second portion of unitary construction, the first portion being connected to the second portion forward end, the first portion having a cross-section in the axial direction that is different from the cross-section of the second portion in the axial direction.
4. The PDC compact of claim 3, wherein the first portion is rectangular or trapezoidal in axial cross-section; and/or the cross section of the second part along the axial direction is rectangular, trapezoidal, arched or fan-shaped.
5. The PDC compact of claim 3, wherein the first section aft end has an outer diameter less than or equal to an outer diameter of the second section forward end.
6. The PDC compact of claim 5, wherein the first section rearward end has an outer diameter less than an outer diameter of the second section forward end such that the second section forward end forms a stepped surface configuration around an outer periphery of the first section rearward end.
7. A PDC compact according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the compact has a length in the axial direction of from 10mm to 30 mm; and/or the length of the diamond polycrystalline layer in the axial direction of the compact is 1.5 mm-2.5 mm; and/or the part of the composite sheet, which is exposed out of the front end opening of the box cavity, has a length of 1.5-3 mm in the axial direction of the composite sheet; and/or the section of the protection box along the axial direction is rectangular or trapezoidal.
8. A PDC composite sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the front end portion of the protective case is removed to form a slope structure so that the composite sheet is partially exposed to the slope structure.
9. The PDC compact of claim 8, wherein the interface of the ramp structure and the remainder of the guard box is formed with a transition chamfer structure.
10. A PDC drill bit, includes drill bit body and PDC composite piece, the PDC composite piece set up in the drill bit body, characterized in that, the PDC composite piece be any one of claims 1 ~ 9 the PDC composite piece.
11. A method of cartridge mounting a PDC composite sheet, comprising the steps of:
preparing a protection box, wherein the protection box is provided with a box cavity, and the inner diameter of the front end of the box cavity is smaller than that of the rear end of the box cavity;
processing the composite sheet into a shape matched with the size of the box cavity, and utilizing the difference of the outer diameters of the front end and the rear end of the composite sheet to enable the composite sheet to be self-locked with the protection box;
removing the front end part structure of the protection box to enable the box cavity to be opened at the front end of the protection box, and exposing the front end of the composite sheet to the opening at the front end of the box cavity to obtain the PDC composite sheet;
and fixing the PDC composite sheet on the drill bit to complete the installation of the PDC composite sheet.
12. The method of cartridge installation of a PDC compact of claim 11, wherein the PDC compact is secured to the drill bit by brazing; and/or after the PDC composite sheet is fixed on the drill bit, removing part of the front end of the protection box to form a slope structure, so that the composite sheet is partially exposed out of the slope structure.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011565950.0A CN112554802A (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | PDC drill bit, PDC composite sheet and box-type installation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011565950.0A CN112554802A (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | PDC drill bit, PDC composite sheet and box-type installation method thereof |
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| CN112554802A true CN112554802A (en) | 2021-03-26 |
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| CN111395972A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-07-10 | 莱州市金野金刚石制品有限公司 | PDC composite sheet and PDC drill bit |
| CN214007080U (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-08-20 | 莱州市金野金刚石制品有限公司 | PDC drill bit and PDC composite sheet |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US4199035A (en) * | 1978-04-24 | 1980-04-22 | General Electric Company | Cutting and drilling apparatus with threadably attached compacts |
| US20080251293A1 (en) * | 2007-04-12 | 2008-10-16 | Ulterra Drilling Technologies, L.L.C. | Circumvolve cutters for drill bit |
| US7762359B1 (en) * | 2007-08-22 | 2010-07-27 | Us Synthetic Corporation | Cutter assembly including rotatable cutting element and drill bit using same |
| CN104302863A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2015-01-21 | 史密斯国际有限公司 | Cutting elements retained within sleeves |
| US20160144483A1 (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2016-05-26 | Element Six Abrasives S.A. | Superhard constructions & methods of making same |
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Application publication date: 20210326 |