CN112552875A - Novel environment-friendly refrigerant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel environment-friendly refrigerant and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112552875A CN112552875A CN202011319675.4A CN202011319675A CN112552875A CN 112552875 A CN112552875 A CN 112552875A CN 202011319675 A CN202011319675 A CN 202011319675A CN 112552875 A CN112552875 A CN 112552875A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M131/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing halogen
- C10M131/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing halogen containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
- C10M131/04—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing halogen containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aliphatic
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/122—Halogenated hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/126—Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
- C10M2211/022—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aliphatic
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel environment-friendly refrigerant, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-98 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane, 1-98 parts of cis-1-chloro-2, 3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene and 1-98 parts of trans-1-chloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the novel environment-friendly refrigerant. The novel environment-friendly refrigerant has the advantages of low GWP, high safety, good refrigeration effect and good lubricant compatibility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of refrigeration, and particularly relates to a novel environment-friendly refrigerant and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the ozone layer depletion and the environmental problems of the greenhouse effect becoming more prominent, the international society has made the montreal protocol which eliminates chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and the kyoto protocol which restricts greenhouse gases. In 2016, month 10, the meeting of the 28 th contracting party of the montreal protocol reached a basal correction for Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) that limited the control of greenhouse gases, determined the time to cut down Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) with higher GWP values, and proposed the elimination of HFCs. Stricter restrictions are imposed on refrigerants having a high GWP value in the european union, where new vehicles produced in the european union from 1/1 in 2017 are regulated to be prohibited from using refrigerants having a GWP value of more than 150; after 1/2015, domestic refrigerators and freezers filled with HFC refrigerants and having GWP > 150 are prohibited from marketing in the European Union.
The 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) has no toxicity, no corrosion, an ODP value of 0 and good safety and refrigeration performance, is used for replacing the traditional R22 refrigerant, and is mainly applied to the refrigeration fields of automobile air conditioners, heat pumps, water chilling units, refrigerators, freezers and the like. However, the GWP of the R134a refrigerant is as high as 1430, the greenhouse effect is strong, and the refrigerant belongs to one of the greenhouse gases controlled by the Kyoto protocol. In order to avoid the greenhouse effect of hydrofluorocarbons to the environment, Honeywell and Dupont company in the United states jointly develop fluoroolefin (HFO) -2,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234yf) to replace high GWP refrigerants such as R134 a. The R1234yf refrigerant is non-toxic, has ODP value of 0 and GWP value of less than 4, is a novel environment-friendly refrigerant, but has high price, poor refrigeration effect, complex production process and certain weak flammability, and increases the production cost and the use safety performance of refrigeration equipment manufacturers.
Patent document CN107400502A discloses a difluoromethane, propylene, and trifluoroiodomethane ternary mixed refrigerant to replace R134a, the optimized mixed refrigerant can save energy by about 12% at most compared with R134a, but trifluoroiodomethane has certain toxicity, and the mixed refrigerant still has certain flammability risk.
Patent document CN101851490A discloses a mixed refrigerant containing 2,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234yf), E-1,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (E-R1234ze) and 1, 1-difluoroethane (R152a), the GWP of the mixed refrigerant is <100, the COP value (energy efficiency ratio) is close to that of R134a, but the mixed refrigerant has a certain flammability, and the content of fluoroolefin therein is high, which results in high replacement cost.
Patent document CN110628389A discloses a ternary mixed refrigerant used in place of R134a, the first component being a flame retardant of trifluoroiodomethane, the second component being trifluoromethyl methyl ether, and the third component being one of 2,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234yf), 3,3, 3-trifluoropropene (R1243zf), E-1,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (E-R1234ze), 1, 1-difluoroethane (R152a), 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a), 1,1,1,2,3, 3-heptafluoropropane (R227ea), which is nonflammable, preferably with a refrigerant GWP of less than 100, but all mixed refrigerants have COP values of less than R134 a.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel environment-friendly refrigerant with low GWP, high safety, good refrigeration effect and good lubricant compatibility and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a novel environment-friendly refrigerant is composed of the following substances in parts by weight:
1-98 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane
1-98 parts of cis-1-chloro-2, 3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene
1-98 parts of trans-1-chloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene
Preferably, the composition comprises the following substances in parts by weight:
35-98 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane
1-32 parts of cis-1-chloro-2, 3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene
1-33 parts of trans-1-chloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene
More preferably, the composition comprises the following substances in parts by weight:
85-92 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane
1-14 parts of cis-1-chloro-2, 3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene
1-14 parts of trans-1-chloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene
Most preferably, the composition comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
88-92 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane
4-7 parts of cis-1-chloro-2, 3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene
3-7 parts of trans-1-chloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene
Preferably, the global warming potential of the novel environment-friendly refrigerant is less than or equal to 150.
Further preferably, the global warming potential of the novel environment-friendly refrigerant is less than or equal to 120.
More preferably, the global warming potential of the novel environment-friendly refrigerant is less than or equal to 50.
Most preferably, the global warming potential of the novel environment-friendly refrigerant is less than or equal to 5.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the novel environment-friendly refrigerant, which is characterized in that the components are physically mixed in a liquid phase state according to the weight percentage to obtain the novel environment-friendly refrigerant.
Although the R152a refrigerant is excellent in environmental protection performance, the flammability hinders the application of the refrigerant in a refrigeration system, and although the flammability is reduced by mixing the refrigerant with non-flammable HFCs refrigerant, the GWP value of the mixed refrigerant is higher than 150, so that the refrigerant cannot meet the requirement of environmental protection.
The cis-1-chloro-2, 3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (Z-R1244yd) has an ODP value of 0 and a GWP of less than 1, has non-toxic and non-flammable characteristics, but has small unit volume capacity and unit mass refrigerating capacity, and is difficult to replace high GWP refrigerants such as R134 a.
The trans-1-chloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene (E-R1233zd) is a novel foaming agent and refrigerant, has an ODP value of 0 and a GWP of 1, has non-toxic and non-flammable characteristics, and has slightly poor refrigeration effect as the refrigerant.
Among common flame retardants, trifluoroiodomethane has certain toxicity, and HFC with flame retardance has certain defects of high GWP value. Z-R1224yd and E-R1233zd are added into flammable refrigerants as flame retardants, so that the flammability can be reduced, and the GWP value can be guaranteed to be less than 150.
The novel environment-friendly refrigerant contains cis-1-chloro-2, 3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (Z-R1224yd) and trans-1-chloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene (E-R1233zd), and has an ODP value of 0 and a GWP value of less than 150. The novel environment-friendly refrigerant disclosed by the invention has the advantages that through optimizing the formula, the advantages of all components are combined, through the synergistic effect of all the components, the adverse factors are reduced to the greatest extent, the good effect is achieved, the flammability of R152a is reduced, the refrigeration performance of Z-R1224yd and E-R1233zd is improved, the refrigeration effect and the refrigeration capacity of the novel environment-friendly refrigerant disclosed by the invention are equivalent to those of R134a, and R134a can be directly replaced.
The novel environment-friendly refrigerant has good compatibility with a lubricant, and optionally, the lubricant comprises natural mineral oil, alcohol lubricating oil, ester lubricating oil, benzene derivative lubricating oil, polyolefin lubricating oil or polyolefin ether lubricating oil.
The raw materials in the present invention are all commercially available.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the novel refrigerant has the advantages of ODP value of 0, GWP value of less than 150 and environmental performance superior to that of R134a refrigerant.
2. The novel refrigerant has high content of cheap R152a, the cost is far lower than that of the fourth generation refrigerant represented by R1234yf, and the cost for replacing R134a is reduced.
3. The novel refrigerant has good flame retardance and improved safety performance due to the existence of Z-R1224yd and E-R1233 zd.
4. The refrigerating capacity of the novel refrigerant in unit volume is basically equivalent to that of R134a, the COP value and the refrigerating capacity in unit mass are higher than that of R134a, and the refrigerant charging amount in a refrigerating system can be greatly reduced and the energy consumption is saved.
5. In the process of replacing the refrigerant, the cost of the replaced equipment is greatly reduced due to the fact that the evaporation/condensation pressure is close, and the mixed refrigerant is closer to the working condition of the R134a refrigerant, and can directly replace the R134 a.
6. The novel refrigerant disclosed by the invention has good compatibility with lubricating oil, good cycle performance and higher stability.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
Examples 1 to 5
1, 1-difluoroethane (R152a), cis-1-chloro-2, 3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (Z-R1224yd), and trans-1-chloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene (E-R1233zd) were physically mixed in a liquid phase to obtain a refrigerant composition. The specific composition is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 compositions of refrigerant compositions obtained in examples 1-5
| Examples | R152a(kg) | Z-R1224yd(kg) | E-R1233zd(kg) |
| Example 1 | 92 | 4 | 4 |
| Example 2 | 90 | 7 | 3 |
| Example 3 | 88 | 5 | 7 |
| Example 4 | 85 | 14 | 1 |
| Example 5 | 85 | 1 | 14 |
And (3) performance testing:
(1) the absolute burning velocity of each embodiment was calculated by the group contribution method, and the safety classification of each mixed refrigerant was determined according to GB/T7778-2017. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 environmental and safety performance of the refrigerant compositions obtained in examples 1-5
(2) According to the refrigeration conditions (the air suction saturation temperature is 7 ℃, the exhaust saturation temperature is 54.5 ℃, the air suction temperature is 18.5 ℃ and the supercooling degree is 8.5 ℃) specified in GB/T10079-2018, the environmental parameters, the physical parameters and the thermal performance parameters of the above examples and R134a are compared, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 refrigeration Performance of refrigerant compositions obtained in examples 1-5
(3) Miscibility test
The lubricants tested were mineral oil, silicone oil, Polyalkylbenzene (PAB), polyalkylene glycol (PAG), polyol ester (POE) and polyvinyl ether (PVE). When in test, two lubricants are selected and mixed according to the weight percentage of 50 percent respectively, and then are mixed with the test substance.
The test substance/lubricant composition was tested for compatibility with lubricants when in contact with metals used in refrigeration systems using a small compressor at 40 ℃. The test substance/lubricant was judged to be miscible at all tested ratios over the entire temperature range. The test substance/lubricant compositions were as follows:
(a) Z-R1224yd and mineral oil/silicone oil
(b) E-R1233zd and PAG/Silicone oil
(c) Refrigerant composition and PAB/Silicone oil of example 1
(d) Refrigerant composition and PAG/POE of example 2
(e) Refrigerant composition and mineral oil/silicone oil of example 3
(f) Refrigerant composition and Silicone oil/PAB of example 4
(g) Refrigerant composition and PVE/Silicone oil of example 5
During testing, the refrigerant compositions of the present invention were found to have improved stability when contacted with lubricants in the refrigeration system of the compressor.
As can be seen from tables 2 and 3, the refrigerant prepared in the examples of the present invention has an ODP value of 0 and a GWP value of less than 150, which is much less than that of R134 a. When the total content of Z-R1224yd and E-R1233zd is higher than 12%, the mixed refrigerant changes from weakly flammable (A2L) to non-flammable (A1). This shows that the addition of HCFO refrigerant greatly improves the combustion characteristics of R152a refrigerant, improving its safety performance.
The COP values for each example were higher than R134 a. The suction pressure and the condensation pressure of the examples 1 to 5 are substantially equivalent to those of R134a, and can be directly substituted for R134 a. The refrigerating capacity per unit volume of the embodiments 1 to 5 is slightly lower than that of R134a, the suction pressure can be properly increased to further reduce the difference, and the refrigerating capacity per unit mass is nearly 2 times that of R134a, so that the charging amount of the novel refrigerant mixture can be greatly reduced. Combining the above results, when the content of R152a is not less than 85%, the whole environment and refrigeration performance are better than that of R134a, and the R134a refrigeration system can be directly replaced.
Claims (9)
1. The novel environment-friendly refrigerant is characterized by comprising the following substances in parts by weight:
1-98 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane
1-98 parts of cis-1-chloro-2, 3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene
1-98 parts of trans-1-chloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene.
2. The novel environment-friendly refrigerant as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following substances in parts by weight:
35-98 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane
1-32 parts of cis-1-chloro-2, 3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene
1-33 parts of trans-1-chloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene.
3. The novel environment-friendly refrigerant as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following substances in parts by weight:
85-92 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane
1-14 parts of cis-1-chloro-2, 3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene
1-14 parts of trans-1-chloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene.
4. The novel environment-friendly refrigerant as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following substances in parts by weight:
88-92 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane
4-7 parts of cis-1-chloro-2, 3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene
3-7 parts of trans-1-chloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene.
5. The novel environmental friendly refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein the novel environmental friendly refrigerant has a global warming potential of 150 or less.
6. The novel environmental friendly refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein the novel environmental friendly refrigerant has a global warming potential of 120 or less.
7. The novel environmental friendly refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein the novel environmental friendly refrigerant has a global warming potential of 50 or less.
8. The novel environmental friendly refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein the novel environmental friendly refrigerant has a global warming potential of 5 or less.
9. The method for preparing a novel environment-friendly refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein the components are physically mixed in a liquid phase state according to weight percentage to obtain the novel environment-friendly refrigerant.
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| CN202011319675.4A CN112552875B (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Novel environment-friendly refrigerant and preparation method thereof |
| PCT/CN2021/106751 WO2022105274A1 (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2021-07-16 | Novel environmentally friendly refrigerant and preparation method therefor |
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| WO2022105274A1 (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2022-05-27 | 浙江衢化氟化学有限公司 | Novel environmentally friendly refrigerant and preparation method therefor |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103534328A (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2014-01-22 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Working medium and heat-cycle system |
| CN108779048A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2018-11-09 | Ａｇｃ株式会社 | The manufacturing method of the chloro- 2,3,3,3- tetrafluoropropenes of 1- |
| CN111183200A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2020-05-19 | 科慕埃弗西有限公司 | Compositions and uses of Z-1-chloro-2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropan-1-ene |
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| CN112552875B (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2022-03-08 | 浙江衢化氟化学有限公司 | Novel environment-friendly refrigerant and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN103534328A (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2014-01-22 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Working medium and heat-cycle system |
| CN108779048A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2018-11-09 | Ａｇｃ株式会社 | The manufacturing method of the chloro- 2,3,3,3- tetrafluoropropenes of 1- |
| CN111183200A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2020-05-19 | 科慕埃弗西有限公司 | Compositions and uses of Z-1-chloro-2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropan-1-ene |
| US20200230454A1 (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2020-07-23 | The Chemours Company Fc, Llc | Compositions and uses of z-1-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene |
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| 王林忠: "制冷剂R1233zd(E)在冷水机组中的应用分析", 《制冷与空调》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2022105274A1 (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2022-05-27 | 浙江衢化氟化学有限公司 | Novel environmentally friendly refrigerant and preparation method therefor |
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