Elastic unloading installation device and installation method for lifting screw of heavy machine tool
Technical Field
The invention relates to an elastic unloading mounting device and a mounting method for a lifting screw of a heavy machine tool, and belongs to the technical field of machine tool mounting and debugging.
Background
At present, for large and ultra-heavy machine tool equipment, the lifting screw specification and the weight of a cross beam are very large, for example, the weight of a lifting screw of a numerical control vertical lathe bearing 600 tons is over 4 tons, and for the installation of the lifting screw with large specification and heavy weight, no simple and effective installation measure exists at present, the lifting screw is only wound by brute force of an installer, so that time and labor are wasted, and the machine tool precision is influenced due to the fact that the lifting screw is too heavy and the pressure on the local part of a thread is too large, and the thread of the lifting screw is damaged. Therefore, a labor-saving, simple-to-operate and efficient device and method must be developed to meet the installation requirements of large-size and heavy-weight lifting screws.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the elastic unloading mounting device and the elastic unloading mounting method for the lifting screw rod of the heavy machine tool.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an elastic unloading mounting device for a lifting screw of a heavy machine tool comprises a flange lifting ring, a thrust ball bearing, a flange sleeve A, a flange shaft, a sleeve, a core shaft, a cylindrical spiral spring and a flange sleeve B.
A core shaft and a cylindrical spiral spring are arranged in a hollow cylindrical sleeve in the horizontal direction, a shaft body on the left side of the core shaft and a base are positioned in a cavity of the sleeve, the diameter of the base is larger than that of the shaft body, a thin stud on the right side of the core shaft is exposed out of the right side of the sleeve, and the cylindrical spiral spring in the cavity of the sleeve penetrates through the shaft body of the core shaft and is tightly attached to the base; the section of the flange shaft is in a T shape, and a right chassis of the flange shaft is fixedly connected with an outer ring on the left side of the sleeve through a bolt; the annular flange sleeve B penetrates through the thin screw column of the mandrel, the inner ring of the annular flange sleeve B is in clearance fit connection with the shaft body of the mandrel, and the sleeve body of the flange sleeve B is fixedly connected with the right outer ring of the sleeve through a bolt; the right inner hole of the flange sleeve A is matched and connected with a shaft hole of a left shaft body of the flange shaft, the end head of the shaft body is exposed out of the left side of the flange sleeve A, the diameter of the left inner hole of the flange sleeve A is larger than that of the right inner hole, the two holes are communicated, a thrust ball bearing and a pad are arranged in the left inner hole of the flange sleeve A, the thrust ball bearing and the pad penetrate through the left shaft body of the flange shaft, the pad is positioned on the left side of the thrust ball bearing, a round nut is positioned on the left side of the pad and fixedly connected with the end head of the left shaft body of the flange shaft through threads of the round nut; the right chassis of the flange hoisting ring is fixedly connected with the left outer ring of the flange sleeve A through bolts; and a locking nut is connected on the thin stud at the right side of the mandrel in a threaded manner.
The installation method of the elastic unloading installation device of the lifting screw rod of the heavy machine tool adopts the following steps:
(a) after all parts of the elastic unloading installation device are connected, the flange flying ring is arranged above the elastic unloading installation device, so that the device is in a vertical state;
(b) the elastic unloading mounting device is in threaded connection with an internal thread hole at the top end of a lifting screw rod through a thin stud at the lower end of a mandrel of the elastic unloading mounting device, and is locked by a locking nut;
(c) the elastic unloading installation device and the lifting screw rod are connected to a lifting hook of an overhead travelling crane through a steel wire rope and a dynamometer;
(d) moving the elastic unloading mounting device and the lifting screw rod to a lifting nut mounting position of the cross beam by using a crane hook, observing the numerical value of the dynamometer, and determining the weight value of the lifting screw rod unloaded by the elastic unloading mounting device;
(e) installing a split nut at the thread of the lifting screw, vertically and slowly dropping the elastic unloading installation device and the lifting screw into the lifting nut of the cross beam by using an overhead traveling crane hook, observing the value of a dynamometer, slowly adjusting the overhead traveling crane hook if the value is less than the value in the method (d), enabling the force measurement counting value to be the same as the value in the method (d), basically unloading the weight of the lifting screw at the moment, and screwing the lifting screw into the lifting nut by coiling the split nut;
(f) and after the lifting screw rod is screwed in place, the split nut and the elastic unloading mounting device are disassembled, and the mounting of the lifting screw rod is completed.
In the using process, the sleeve body around the inner hole on the left side of the flange sleeve A plays a role in supporting the thrust ball bearing; the shaft body of the flange shaft rotates under the action of the thrust ball bearing, so that other parts connected with the shaft body are driven to rotate together, the thin screw column of the core shaft can rotate and be screwed into the internal thread hole at the top end of the lifting screw rod, and the lifting screw rod is driven to rotate; the base of the mandrel plays a role in compressing the cylindrical helical spring, and the flange sleeve B plays a role in supporting the cylindrical helical spring; within the elastic limit, for the cylindrical spiral spring with the deformation length and the stress within the linear change range, the elastic force of the extension and the compression is the same, the compression is in direct proportion to the tensile force applied to the cylindrical spiral spring, and the weight value of the lifting lead screw which is removed can be determined by the dynamometer.
Then the elastic unloading mounting device and the lifting screw rod are vertically hung into the lifting nut by the crane hook, the split open-close nut in threaded connection with the lifting screw rod is coiled, the split open-close nut can enable the lifting screw rod to be conveniently and smoothly screwed into the lifting nut, and after the lifting screw rod is screwed in place, the split open-close nut and the elastic unloading mounting device are dismounted, so that the mounting work of the lifting screw rod is completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the elastic unloading mounting device is connected between the overhead crane lifting hook and the lifting screw, the unloading state of the lifting screw in the mounting process is determined by observing the numerical value change displayed by the dynamometer, and the weight of the lifting screw is unloaded when the lifting screw is screwed into the lifting screw, so that the assembly difficulty of workers is reduced, time and labor are saved, the thread of the lifting screw can be prevented from being abraded, the mounting method and the device are high in operability and high in working efficiency, and the reliable guarantee is provided for the mounting of the lifting screw of a heavy machine tool product.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an operational view of the present invention with the elevator screw installed.
Reference numbers in the figures:
1. flange rings, 2, round nuts, 3, pads, 4, thrust ball bearings, 5, flange sleeves A, 6, flange shafts, 7, sleeves, 8, mandrels, 9, cylindrical spiral springs, 10, flange sleeves B, 11, lock nuts, 12, overhead traveling crane lifting hooks, 13, steel wire ropes, 14, a dynamometer, 15, lifting screws, 16, split nuts, 17, cross beams, 18 and lifting screws.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-2, an elastic unloading installation device for a heavy machine tool lifting lead screw comprises a flange flying ring 1, a thrust ball bearing 4, a flange sleeve a5, a flange shaft 6, a sleeve 7, a mandrel 8, a cylindrical helical spring 9 and a flange sleeve B10, wherein the mandrel 8 and the cylindrical helical spring 9 are installed in the hollow cylindrical sleeve 7 in the horizontal direction, the shaft body and the base on the left side of the mandrel 8 are positioned in the cavity of the sleeve 7, the diameter of the base is larger than that of the shaft body, the thin stud on the right side of the mandrel 8 is exposed out of the right side of the sleeve 7, and the cylindrical helical spring 9 in the cavity of the sleeve 7 penetrates through the shaft body of the mandrel 8 and is; the section of the flange shaft 6 is in a T shape, and the right chassis of the flange shaft is fixedly connected with the left outer ring of the sleeve 7 through bolts; the annular flange sleeve B10 penetrates through the thin stud of the mandrel 8, the inner ring of the annular flange sleeve B10 is in clearance fit connection with the shaft body of the mandrel 8, and the sleeve body of the flange sleeve B10 is fixedly connected with the right outer ring of the sleeve 7 through bolts; the right inner hole of the flange sleeve A5 in the shape of a Chinese character 'tu' is matched and connected with a shaft hole of a left shaft of the flange shaft 6, the end head of the shaft body is exposed out of the left side of the flange sleeve A5, the diameter of the left inner hole of the flange sleeve A5 is larger than that of the right inner hole, the two holes are communicated, a thrust ball bearing 4 and a pad 3 are arranged in the left inner hole of the flange sleeve A5, the thrust ball bearing 4 and the pad 3 penetrate through the shaft body on the left side of the flange shaft 6, the pad 3 is positioned on the left side of the thrust ball bearing 4, a round nut 2 is positioned on the left side of the pad 3 and is fixedly connected with the end head of the left shaft of the flange; the right chassis of the flange hoisting ring 1 is fixedly connected with the left outer ring of the flange sleeve A5 through a bolt; and a locking nut 11 is connected to the right thin stud of the mandrel 8 in a threaded manner.
The installation method of the elastic unloading installation device of the lifting screw rod of the heavy machine tool adopts the following steps:
(a) after all parts of the elastic unloading installation device are connected, the flange flying ring 1 is arranged above the elastic unloading installation device, so that the device is in a vertical state;
(b) the elastic unloading mounting device is in threaded connection with an internal threaded hole at the top end of a lifting screw rod 15 through a thin stud at the lower end of a mandrel 10 of the elastic unloading mounting device and is locked by a locking nut 11;
(c) the elastic unloading installation device and the lifting screw rod 15 are connected to a crane hook 12 through a steel wire rope 13 and a dynamometer 14;
(d) moving the elastic unloading mounting device and the lifting screw rod 15 to the mounting position of a lifting nut 18 of a cross beam 17 by using a crane hook 12, observing the numerical value of the dynamometer 14, and determining the weight value of the lifting screw rod 15 unloaded by the elastic unloading mounting device;
(e) installing a split open-close nut 16 at the thread of a lifting screw 15, vertically and slowly dropping an elastic unloading installation device and the lifting screw 15 into a lifting screw 18 of a cross beam 17 by using a crown block lifting hook 12, observing the numerical value of a dynamometer 14, slowly adjusting the crown block lifting hook 12 if the numerical value is smaller than that in the method (d), making the numerical value of the dynamometer 14 identical to that in the method (d), and then basically unloading the weight of the lifting screw 15, and screwing the lifting screw 15 into the lifting screw 18 by coiling the split open-close nut 16;
(f) after the lifting screw 15 is screwed in place, the split open-close nut 16 and the elastic unloading mounting device are disassembled, and the mounting of the lifting screw 15 is completed.
In the use process, the sleeve body around the inner hole at the left side of the flange sleeve A5 plays a role in supporting the thrust ball bearing 4; the shaft body of the flange shaft 6 rotates under the action of the thrust ball bearing, so that other parts connected with the shaft body are driven to rotate together, the thin screw column of the mandrel 8 can rotate and be screwed into the internal thread hole at the top end of the lifting screw rod 15, and the lifting screw rod 15 is driven to rotate; the base of the spindle 8 plays a role of compressing the cylindrical coil spring 9, and the flange sleeve B10 plays a role of supporting the cylindrical coil spring 9; within the elastic limit, for the cylindrical spiral spring 9 with the deformation length and the stress in the linear change range, the elastic force of the extension and the compression is the same, the compression is in direct proportion to the pulling force applied to the cylindrical spiral spring 9, and the weight value of the lifting screw 15 which is removed can be determined by the dynamometer 14.
Then the elastic unloading installation device and the lifting screw rod 15 are vertically hung into the lifting screw nut 18 by the crane hook 12, the split open-close nut 16 in threaded connection with the lifting screw rod 15 is coiled, the split open-close nut 16 can enable the lifting screw rod 15 to be conveniently and smoothly screwed into the lifting screw nut 18, and after the lifting screw rod is screwed in place, the split open-close nut 16 and the elastic unloading installation device are disassembled, so that the installation work of the lifting screw rod 15 is completed.