CN112535526A - Novel bone extension intramedullary nail - Google Patents
Novel bone extension intramedullary nail Download PDFInfo
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- CN112535526A CN112535526A CN202011281752.1A CN202011281752A CN112535526A CN 112535526 A CN112535526 A CN 112535526A CN 202011281752 A CN202011281752 A CN 202011281752A CN 112535526 A CN112535526 A CN 112535526A
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- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/72—Intramedullary devices, e.g. pins or nails
- A61B17/7216—Intramedullary devices, e.g. pins or nails for bone lengthening or compression
- A61B17/7225—Intramedullary devices, e.g. pins or nails for bone lengthening or compression for bone compression
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel bone extension intramedullary nail, which comprises an intramedullary nail main nail and a lower nail body, wherein the upper nail body and the lower nail body are both of a hollow structure and are connected through a connecting pin, the upper part of the lower nail body is axially provided with a sliding long groove, the connecting pin can slide up and down along the sliding long groove, the diameter of the upper nail body is larger than that of the lower nail body, an extension device is arranged between the inner wall of the upper nail body and the upper end of the lower nail body, the upper nail body is provided with a power screw hole and a static screw hole, the lower nail body is provided with a fixing screw hole, the lower section of the lower nail body is provided with an adjusting hole, the power screw hole, the static screw hole and the fixing screw hole are respectively provided with a power bone screw, a static bone screw and a fixing bone screw, the power bone screw can move up and down along the power screw hole. Compared with the mode of bone lengthening by an external fixation support method, the method can reduce the defects of nail path infection, joint dysfunction, complex operation and the like, is easy to operate and control, and can effectively avoid the complication of the bone lengthening method of the external fixation support.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a novel bone lengthening intramedullary nail.
Background
Bone lengthening surgery is an effective surgical procedure for treating limb shortening. The conventional treatment means is to close and cut the lower limb long bone at the metaphysis, fix the upper and lower ends of the bone by using an extension external fixing frame, and gradually extend the bone about one week after the operation, generally 0.5-1.0mm per day. In the process of prolonging, the regeneration potential of organism tissues is continuously stimulated to form new bones, thereby achieving the purpose of prolonging limbs. But there are many drawbacks simultaneously, if extension type external fixation support configuration is complicated, the fixed needle exposes in the body surface, and the operation is complicated, and the postoperative takes a frame for a long time, and fixed bone screw or stewart's needle of using easily influence muscle tendon and slide, cause the joint stiffness easily, and nail way nursing work is loaded down with trivial details and nail way is infected easily, and whole external fixation support exposes in the body surface, and it is great to patient's life influence, and is inconvenient, is difficult for being accepted by patient.
In order to overcome various defects of an extension type external fixing support, the design of a bone extension type intramedullary nail is a trend, a magnetic drive type bone extension intramedullary nail is a method for realizing bone extension at present, but the existing magnetic drive type bone extension intramedullary nail has the defects that the nail body diameter is larger, the nail body is not suitable for a patient with a small medullary cavity diameter, the magnetic drive force is smaller, the nail cannot be driven when the extension length is larger than 5-6cm, the extension is stopped, the bone extension intramedullary nail needs to be taken out, the bone extension nail is extended in other modes after the operation again, the fractured end and the extension bone section cannot be subjected to stress stimulation, stress shielding easily occurs, the mineralization of the healing extension bone is slow, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel bone lengthening intramedullary nail, which aims to solve the problems that when the existing magnetic force bone lengthening intramedullary nail is used, the nail body diameter is larger and is not suitable for a patient with a small medullary cavity diameter, the magnetic force driving force is smaller, and when the lengthening length is more than 5-6cm, the nail body can not be driven, so that the lengthening is stopped, the bone lengthening intramedullary nail needs to be taken out, and the nail body needs to be lengthened by other modes after the operation is performed again; the fracture end and the extension bone section can not give stress stimulation, stress shielding is easy to occur, and the defects of slow mineralization of the healing of the extension bone and the like and operation risks are overcome.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a novel bone extension intramedullary nail comprises a main intramedullary nail body, wherein the main intramedullary nail body comprises an upper nail body and a lower nail body, the upper nail body and the lower nail body are both of a hollow structure and are connected through a connecting pin, a sliding long groove is axially arranged at the upper part of the lower nail body, the connecting pin can slide up and down along the sliding long groove, the diameter of the upper nail body is larger than that of the lower nail body, an extension device is arranged between the inner wall of the upper nail body and the upper end of the lower nail body, a power screw hole and a static screw hole which are arranged up and down are arranged on the upper nail body, a scale hole is arranged on the wall of the lower part of the upper nail body, a fixing screw hole is arranged on the lower nail body, an adjusting hole is arranged at the lower section of the lower nail body, a power bone screw, a static bone screw and a fixing screw hole are respectively arranged on the power, and a tail cap is arranged at the top end of the upper nail body.
Furthermore, an elastic body I is arranged between the tail cap and the dynamic bone screw, and the connecting pin can be a single pin or a double pin connection.
Further, an extension device is arranged between the upper nail body and the lower nail body, and the extension device adopts one of the following modes: a. an elastic propulsion mode: an adjusting threaded sleeve, an elastic body II and a spring base which are in threaded connection with the inner wall of the upper nail body are sequentially arranged between the static force bone screw and the upper end of the lower nail body from top to bottom, a magnetic body I is tightly and fixedly arranged in the adjusting threaded sleeve, the lower end of the adjusting threaded sleeve is tightly and fixedly connected with the upper end of the elastic body II, the lower end of the elastic body II is tightly and fixedly connected with the spring base, an annular groove is formed in the side wall of the lower part of the spring base, a spring pin is arranged on the side wall of the upper part of the lower nail body, and the; b. screw rod propulsion mode: an adjusting threaded sleeve and an elastic body II are arranged between the static bone screw and the upper end of the lower nail body, a first magnetic body is arranged in the adjusting threaded sleeve, the first magnetic body is fixedly connected with the adjusting threaded sleeve, and the outer wall of the lower part of the adjusting threaded sleeve is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the upper end of the lower nail body; c. a pulling and extending mode: the lower nail body is provided with a traction extension device, the traction extension device comprises an adjusting piece, an adjusting hole and a traction device, the adjusting piece is arranged on the lower nail body and comprises an expansion part and a body part, the expansion part and the body part can be integrated or separated, the expansion part is positioned in a hollow structure of the lower nail body, and the other end of the adjusting piece penetrates out of the adjusting hole and is fastened and fixed on the traction device; d. a combined extension mode: the extension mode is one of the combination of the elastic propulsion mode in the mode a and the pulling extension mode in the mode c or the combination of the screw propulsion mode in the mode b and the pulling extension mode in the mode c.
Further, the pulling device is one of the following modes: a. the traction device comprises a rotating wheel, a first fixing jackscrew, a fixing shaft and a handle, wherein the rotating wheel is cylindrical, the outer wall of the rotating wheel is provided with a groove, a cable jackscrew hole and a fixing jackscrew hole, the first cable jackscrew is arranged in the cable jackscrew hole, the first fixing jackscrew is arranged in the fixing jackscrew hole, the fixing shaft hole is axially arranged, the fixing shaft penetrates through the fixing shaft hole and is in sliding connection with the rotating wheel, one end of the adjusting body is fixed on the rotating wheel through the first cable jackscrew, the handle is positioned on the side wall of the rotating wheel and is in fastening connection with the rotating wheel, and the rotating wheel is; b. The traction device comprises a traction rod, an adjusting nut, a fixing nut and a base, wherein the outer wall of the traction rod is provided with a thread, one end of the traction rod is provided with an axial or radial fixing hole, a cable jackscrew hole communicated with the fixing hole is radially or axially arranged, a cable jackscrew II is arranged in the cable jackscrew II, one end of an adjusting body can be fixed in the fixing hole of the traction rod through the cable jackscrew II, the adjusting nut is in threaded connection with the traction rod, the fixing base comprises the base and the traction hole, and the traction rod is sequentially sleeved with the fixing nut, the base and the adjusting nut; c. the traction device comprises a fixed seat, a fixed sleeve, an adjusting sleeve and a fixed jackscrew II, the fixed seat comprises a base and a traction hole II, the fixed sleeve is a hollow sleeve and comprises a tail part and a sleeve part, the side wall of the tail part is provided with a radial fixed jackscrew hole, the fixed jackscrew II for fixing an adjusting body is arranged in the fixed sleeve, the outer wall of the sleeve part is provided with a thread and is in threaded connection with the adjusting sleeve, the fixed sleeve is abutted against the fixed seat, and one end of the adjusting body is arranged in the fixed sleeve and the traction hole II in a penetrating mode; d. the traction device comprises a traction rod, an adjusting nut, a spring III, a scale sleeve, a fixing nut and a base, wherein the outer wall of the traction rod is provided with a thread, one end of the traction rod is provided with an axial or radial fixing hole, a cable jackscrew hole communicated with the fixing hole is radially or axially arranged, a cable jackscrew II is installed in the cable jackscrew II, one end of an adjusting body can be fixed in the fixing hole of the traction rod through the cable jackscrew II, the adjusting nut is in threaded connection with the traction rod, the fixing base comprises the base and the traction hole, the traction rod is sequentially sleeved with the fixing nut, the base, the scale sleeve, the spring III and the adjusting nut, the adjusting nut is provided with a threaded part and a sleeve part, and the sleeve part of the adjusting nut is sleeved on the outer; e. the tractive device includes the fixing base, the adapter sleeve, the adjusting collar that has the scale, fixed jackscrew two, spring three, the scale cover, the fixing base includes the base, two parts in tractive hole, the adapter sleeve is the cavity sleeve pipe, including the afterbody, the sleeve part, radial fixed jackscrew hole is established to the afterbody lateral wall, install fixed jackscrew two of fixed regulating body in it, the screw thread is established to the sleeve part outer wall, with adjusting collar threaded connection, scale cover butt in the fixing base, with adjusting collar sliding connection, install spring three in the scale cover, the one end of spring three is low-jointed in the adjusting collar, fixed sleeve and tractive hole two are worn to locate by regulating body one end.
Further, the tail cap is connected with the upper nail body in one of the following modes: a. the inner side of the upper nail body is provided with an internal thread, the tail cap is provided with an external thread matched with the internal thread, and the tail cap is in threaded connection with the upper nail body; b. an annular groove and a vertical guide groove communicated with the annular groove are formed along the inner side of the upper nail body, and a protrusion is arranged at the head end of the tail cap and can slide along the annular groove and the vertical guide groove; c. the head of the tail cap is provided with an expansion sleeve in threaded connection with the tail cap.
Further, the first elastic body and the second elastic body are respectively one of a first pressure-regulating elastic body, a second pressure-regulating elastic body or a first elastic balloon and a second elastic balloon, and when the first elastic body is a first elastic body, the first elastic body is installed in one of the following installation forms: a. a first pressure regulating elastic body is arranged in a containing cavity formed by the tail cap, the power bone screw and the inner wall of the upper nail body; b. a guide sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the upper nail body, a through hole corresponding to the power screw hole is formed in the guide sleeve, the pressure regulating elastic body is sleeved on the outer sides of the upper nail body and the tail cap, one end of the pressure regulating elastic body is abutted against the guide sleeve, and the other end of the pressure regulating elastic body is abutted against the lower edge of the tail cap; the elastic saccule is positioned in a containing cavity formed by the tail cap, the power bone screw and the inner wall of the upper nail body, and a saccule base is arranged below the elastic saccule.
Furthermore, a second magnetic body is arranged in the tail cap and can drive the nail body on the tail cap edge to move up and down under the action of an external magnetic field.
Further, the adjusting hole is arranged at one of the top end and the side wall of the intramedullary nail main body and is arranged as an inclined hole or a transverse hole.
Further, the adjusting member is one of a cable, a rope, a metal rod and a metal wire.
Further, the intramedullary nail main nail is set to have a curvature suitable for human bones.
When the existing magnetic bone lengthens the intramedullary nail, the diameter of a nail body is too large to be suitable for a patient with a non-large medullary cavity diameter, the magnetic driving force is too small, the intramedullary nail cannot be driven when the lengthening length is more than 5-6cm, so that lengthening is stopped, the bone lengthening intramedullary nail needs to be taken out, and the operation is changed into other lengthening modes; the fracture end and the extension bone section can not give stress stimulation, stress shielding is easy to occur, and the defects of slow mineralization of the healing of the extension bone and the like and operation risks are overcome.
The invention has the advantages of easy fixation and convenient operation. Compare with the external fixation support of bone extension, avoided the fixed needle to expose in the body surface, the nail way is susceptible to infection, and the postoperative takes the frame time long, and fixed bone screw or stewart's needle of usefulness easily influence muscle tendon and slide, cause the joint stiffness easily, and whole external fixation support exposes in the body surface, and is inconvenient, influences great drawback to patient's life. Compared with the existing magnetic force bone extension intramedullary nail, the magnetic force bone extension intramedullary nail avoids the problems that the existing magnetic force bone extension intramedullary nail has smaller driving force, can not be driven when the extension length is more than 5-6cm, causes the termination of extension, needs to take out the bone extension intramedullary nail, and adopts other ways for extension after the operation again; stress stimulation cannot be given to fracture ends and the prolonged bone sections, so that stress shielding is easy to occur, the prolonged bone healing and mineralization are slow, and the like; has the advantages that: 1. the extension device is one of the following modes: a. an elastic propulsion mode: an elastic body II is arranged between the static force bone screw and the upper end of the lower screw body; b. screw rod propulsion mode: an elastic body II is arranged between the static force bone screw and the upper end of the lower screw body; c. a pulling and extending mode: the lower nail body is provided with a traction extension device, the traction extension device comprises an adjusting piece, an adjusting hole and a traction device, the adjusting piece, the adjusting hole and the traction device are arranged on the lower nail body, and the other end of the adjusting piece penetrates out of the adjusting hole and is fastened and fixed on the traction device outside the body; d. a combined extension mode: the extension mode is one of the combination of the elastic propulsion mode in the mode a and the pulling extension mode in the mode c or the combination of the screw propulsion mode in the mode b and the pulling extension mode in the mode c. The elastic body II and the traction extension device can continuously apply tension to the extension bone segment, so that the defects that the extension is stopped due to the fact that the magnetic force cannot drive, the bone extension intramedullary nail needs to be taken out, and the operation is changed into other extension modes are overcome. 2. The driving force is greatly improved, particularly, the traction extension device can exert the traction force in vitro, the diameter of the bone extension intramedullary nail can not be limited by the magnetic force, the bone extension intramedullary nails with various specifications suitable for the diameter of the medullary cavity of a human body are manufactured, and the operation application range is enlarged. 3. The elastic body I is arranged between the tail cap of the bone extension intramedullary nail and the power bone screw, the magnetic body II is arranged in the tail cap, the tail cap edge upper nail body can be driven to move up and down under the action of an external magnetic field, stress shielding can be avoided, suitable stress stimulation is given to the extension bone, healing and shaping transformation of the extension bone section are accelerated, and internal fixation is removed in the early stage. The pain of the patient is relieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a seventh embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an eighth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a ninth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a tenth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an eleventh embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment a of a drawing device A;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of embodiment b of a drawing device A;
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment c of a drawing device A;
FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment d of a pulling device A;
FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment e of a drawing device A;
in the figure: 1-an upper nail body, 2-a tail cap, 3-a first spring, 4-a dynamic screw hole, 5-a dynamic bone screw, 6-a static screw hole, 7-a second spring, 8-a static bone screw, 9-an elastomer base, 10-a sliding elongated slot, 11-a second fixing screw hole, 12-a connecting pin, 13-an adjusting screw sleeve, 14-a first fixing screw hole, 15-a first magnetic body, 16-a lower nail body, 17-a first fixing bone screw, 18-a second fixing bone screw, 19-an elastic balloon, 20-a guide sleeve, 21-an expansion sleeve, 22-a second magnetic body, 23-a bulge, 24-an annular groove, 25-a vertical guide groove, 26-an adjusting body part, 27-an expansion part, 28-an adjusting hole and 29-a fixed shaft, 30-rotating wheel, 31-cable jackscrew I, 32-threading hole, 33-handle, 34-fixed jackscrew I, 35-pulling rod, 36-pulling hole I, 37-cable jackscrew II, 38-fixing nut, 39-base, 40-adjusting nut, 41-fixed jackscrew II, 42-adjusting sleeve, 43-pulling hole II, 44-fixing base, 45-fixing sleeve, 46-spring III, 47-scale sleeve, 48-scale hole, 49-spring pin and 50-spring base.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, or mechanically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements.
In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a novel bone lengthening intramedullary nail comprises a main intramedullary nail, which is composed of an upper nail body 1 and a lower nail body 16, wherein the upper nail body 1 and the lower nail body 16 are both hollow structures and are connected through a connecting pin 12, a scale hole 48 is arranged on the lower tube wall of the upper nail body 1, a sliding long groove 10 is axially arranged on the upper portion of the lower nail body 16, the connecting pin 12 can slide up and down along the sliding long groove 10, the diameter of the upper nail body 1 is larger than that of the lower nail body 16, an extension device is arranged in a cavity formed between the upper nail body 1 and the lower nail body 16, the extension device comprises an adjusting screw sleeve 13, a second spring 7 and a spring base 50 which are sequentially arranged between a static bone screw 8 and the lower nail body 16 from top to bottom, the adjusting screw sleeve 13 is in threaded connection with the upper nail body 1, a first magnetic body 15 is arranged in the adjusting screw sleeve 13, the lower end of the adjusting screw sleeve 13 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the second spring 7, the lower end of the second spring 7 is fixedly connected with the spring base 50, an annular groove is formed in the side wall of the lower portion of the spring base 50, a spring pin 49 is arranged on the side wall of the upper portion of the lower nail body 16, and the lower nail body 16 is connected with the annular groove formed in the side wall of the spring base 50 in a sliding mode through the spring pin 49.
In addition, the upper nail body 1 is provided with a dynamic screw hole 4 and a static screw hole 6, wherein a dynamic bone screw 5 and a static bone screw 8 are respectively arranged in the dynamic screw hole and can move up and down along the dynamic screw hole. The lower nail body 16 is provided with a first fixing screw hole 14 and a second fixing screw hole 11, in which a first fixing bone screw 17 and a second fixing bone screw 18 are respectively installed. The tail cap 2 is installed on the top end of the upper nail body 1, the inner wall of the upper nail body 1 is provided with internal threads, external threads matched with the internal threads are arranged on the tail cap 2, and the tail cap 2 is in threaded connection with the upper nail body 1. And a first spring 3 is arranged in a containing cavity formed by the tail cap 2, the dynamic bone screw 5 and the inner wall of the upper nail body 1.
When the intramedullary nail is used, firstly, the intramedullary nail body is implanted into a medullary cavity of an extension bone, then the intramedullary nail body is screwed into a first fixing bone screw 17 and a second fixing bone screw 18 in a fixing screw hole, then the adjusting screw sleeve 13, the first magnetic body 15, the second spring 7, the spring base 50 and the spring pin 49 which are integrally connected are screwed, then the static bone screw 8 and the dynamic bone screw 5 are screwed, finally the first spring 3, the tail cap 2 and the lower screw tail cap 2 are placed, the first spring 3 is provided, then downward acting force is applied to the dynamic bone screw 5 and a near-end bone, the upward reverse acting force is reversely applied to the dynamic bone screw 5, the first spring 3, the tail cap 2 and the upper nail body 1 by the near-end bone, and the upward and downward acting forces applied to the near-. Then cutting off the bone at the extending position, after 7-10 days, downwards rotating the magnetic body 15 under the action of an external magnetic field, further driving the adjusting screw sleeve 13, the spring II 7, the spring base 50 and the lower nail body 16 to downwards move, rotating the adjusting screw sleeve 1 circle every day, namely downwards moving by about 1mm, stopping extending when the bone is extended to a proper length, healing and mineralizing the neogenetic callus of the bone with extension to a proper time, taking out the static bone screw 8, at the moment, because the spring I3 gives downward acting force to the power bone screw 5 and the near-end bone, the near-end bone reversely gives upward reverse acting force to the power bone screw 5, the spring I3, the tail cap 2 and the upper nail body 1, further gives upward acting force to the far-end bone through the adjusting screw sleeve 13, the spring II 7, the spring base 50, the spring pin 49, the lower nail body 16, the fixed bone screw 17 and the fixed bone screw II 18, further, the stress stimulation is suitable for the new callus, the organism tissue is stimulated, the stress shielding is avoided, and the mineralization and healing of the fracture are accelerated.
Second embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is the connection manner of the tail cap 2 and the upper nail body 1: an annular groove 24 and a vertical guide groove 25 communicated with the annular groove 24 are arranged on the inner wall of the upper nail body 1, a protrusion 23 is arranged on the tail cap 2, and the protrusion 23 can rotate along the annular groove 24 and vertically slide along the vertical guide groove 25. When the tail cap 2 is adjusted, the protrusion 23 is vertically slid along the vertical guide groove 25, and when slid to the annular groove 24, the tail cap 2 is rotated to fix the tail cap 2 at the annular groove 24.
Third embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is the connection manner of the tail cap 2 and the upper nail body 1: in the embodiment, an expansion sleeve 29 is arranged at the head of the tail cap 2, and the expansion sleeve 29 can be fixed on the inner wall of the upper nail body 1 by screwing the tail cap 2 in.
Fourth embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the first spring 3 is replaced with an elastic balloon 19, and an elastic body base 9 is disposed below the elastic balloon 19.
Fifth embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that an adjusting screw sleeve 13 and a second spring 7 are disposed between the static bone screw 8 and the upper end of the lower nail body 16, a first magnetic body 15 is disposed in the adjusting screw sleeve 13, the first magnetic body 15 is fastened to the adjusting screw sleeve 13, and the lower outer wall of the adjusting screw sleeve 13 is screwed to the upper inner wall of the lower nail body 16. The auxiliary extension device is arranged on the lower nail body 16 and comprises an adjusting piece arranged on the lower nail body 16, the adjusting piece comprises a swelling part 27 and an adjusting body part 26, the swelling part 27 and the adjusting body part 26 can be integrated or separated, in the embodiment, the auxiliary extension device is an integrated structure, the swelling part 27 is located in a hollow structure of the lower nail body 16, and the other end of the adjusting piece 26 penetrates out of the adjusting hole 28 and then is provided with a traction device A. The adjusting hole 28 is arranged on the side wall of the lower nail body 16 and is arranged as an inclined hole. The adjusting member 26 is one of a cable, a rope, a metal rod and a metal wire, and the cable is selected in the embodiment.
Sixth embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment in that no extension device is provided between the upper nail body 1 and the lower nail body 16, and only the lower nail body 16 is provided with an auxiliary extension device.
Seventh embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the difference between the sixth embodiment and the seventh embodiment is that an extension device is disposed between the upper nail body 1 and the lower nail body 16, the extension device includes an adjusting screw 13, a spring ii 7, and a spring base 50, which are sequentially disposed between the static bone screw 8 and the lower nail body 16 from top to bottom, the adjusting screw 13 is in threaded connection with the upper nail body 1, a first magnetic body 15 is tightly and tightly disposed in the adjusting screw 13, the lower end of the adjusting screw 13 is tightly and tightly connected with the upper end of the spring ii 7, the lower end of the spring ii 7 is tightly and tightly connected with the spring base 50, an annular groove is disposed on the lower side wall of the spring base 50, a spring pin 49 is disposed on the upper side wall of the lower nail body 16, and the lower nail body 16 is slidably connected with the annular groove disposed on.
Eighth embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the difference between the seventh embodiment and the eighth embodiment is that a second magnetic body 22 is disposed in the tail cap 2, and the second magnetic body 22 can drive the tail cap 2 to move up and down along the upper nail body under the action of the external magnetic field.
Ninth embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the present embodiment is different from the eighth embodiment in the position of the adjustment hole 28, and in the present embodiment, the adjustment hole 28 is disposed on the top end of the lower nail body 16.
Tenth embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, the present embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment in that: a second magnetic body 22 is arranged in the tail cap 2, and the second magnetic body 22 can drive the tail cap 2 to move up and down along the upper nail body under the action of an external magnetic field.
Eleventh embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, the present embodiment is different from tenth embodiment in that: the outer side of the upper nail body 1 is sleeved with a guide sleeve 20, the guide sleeve 20 is provided with a through hole corresponding to the power screw hole 4, the first pressure regulating spring 3 is sleeved on the outer sides of the upper nail body 1 and the tail cap 2, one end of the first pressure regulating spring abuts against the guide sleeve 20, and the other end of the first pressure regulating spring abuts against the lower edge of the tail cap 2. The guide sleeve 20 can also be arranged on the inner wall of the upper nail body 1.
In example 5, the structure of the pulling device a is shown in the following five examples:
in embodiment a, as shown in fig. 12, the pulling device includes a rotating wheel 30, a first fixed jackscrew 34, a fixed shaft 29, a handle 33, and a first cable jackscrew 31, where the rotating wheel 30 is cylindrical, and the outer wall of the rotating wheel is provided with a groove, a first cable jackscrew hole 32, a hole for an adjusting body, and a fixed jackscrew hole, where the hole for the adjusting body is communicated with the cable jackscrew hole 32, the first cable jackscrew 31 is installed in the cable jackscrew hole 32, the first fixed jackscrew 34 is installed in the fixed jackscrew hole, and a fixed shaft hole is axially formed, and the fixed shaft 29 is inserted in the fixed shaft hole and slidably connected with the rotating wheel 30, where the first cable jackscrew 31 fixes one end of the adjusting body 26 to the rotating wheel 30, the handle 33 is located on the side wall of the rotating wheel 30 and is tightly connected with the rotating wheel 30, and. Loosening the first fixing jackscrew 34, rotating the handle 33 to drive the rotating wheel 30 to rotate, then driving the adjusting body 26 to move towards the far end, further driving the lower nail body 16, the first fixing bone screw 17, the second fixing bone screw 18 and the far end bone segment to move towards the far end, so as to realize bone lengthening, and screwing the first fixing jackscrew 34 to fix the rotating wheel 30 on the fixing shaft 29, so as to stop bone lengthening.
In embodiment b, as shown in fig. 13, the pulling device includes a pulling rod 35, an adjusting nut 40, a fixing nut 38, and a base 39, the outer wall of the pulling rod 35 is provided with a thread, one end of the pulling rod 35 is provided with an axial or radial fixing hole, a cable jack screw hole two communicated with the fixing hole is radially provided, a cable jack screw 37 is installed in the cable jack screw hole, the cable jack screw 37 can fix one end of the adjusting body 26 in the fixing hole of the pulling rod 35, the adjusting nut 40 is in threaded connection with the pulling rod 35, the fixing base includes two parts, namely, the base 39 and the pulling hole one 36, and the pulling rod 35 is sequentially sleeved with the fixing nut 39, the base 39, and the adjusting nut 40; the fixing nut 38 is loosened, the adjusting nut 40 is screwed in, and the traction rod 35 is driven to move towards the far end, so that the adjusting body portion 26, the lower nail body 16, the first fixing bone screw 17, the second fixing bone screw 18 and the far-end bone segment are driven to move towards the far end, and bone lengthening is achieved.
In embodiment c, as shown in fig. 14, the pulling device includes a fixing base 44, a fixing sleeve 45, an adjusting sleeve 42, and a second fixing jackscrew 41, the fixing base 44 includes a base and a second pulling hole 43, the fixing sleeve 45 is a hollow sleeve, and includes a tail portion and a sleeve portion, a radial second fixing jackscrew hole is formed in a side wall of the tail portion, the second fixing jackscrew 41 for fixing the adjusting body is installed in the hollow sleeve, a thread is formed on an outer wall of the fixing sleeve 45 and is in threaded connection with the adjusting sleeve 42, the fixing sleeve 45 abuts against the fixing base 44, and one end of the adjusting body 26 penetrates through the fixing sleeve 46 and the second pulling hole 44.
The adjusting sleeve 42 is screwed in to drive the adjusting body 26, the lower nail body 16, the first fixing bone screw 17, the second fixing bone screw 18 and the far-end bone segment to move towards the far end, so that the bone extension is realized.
Embodiment d, as shown in fig. 15, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment b is that a third spring 46 and a scale sleeve 47 are additionally provided, specifically as follows: the traction device comprises a traction rod 35, an adjusting nut 40, a spring III 46, a scale sleeve 47, a fixing nut 38 and a fixing seat, wherein a thread is arranged on the outer wall of the traction rod 35, an axial or radial fixing hole is formed in one end of the traction rod 35, a cable jackscrew hole II communicated with the fixing hole is formed in the radial or axial direction, a cable jackscrew II 37 is installed in the cable jackscrew II, one end of an adjusting body 26 can be fixed in the fixing hole of the traction rod 35 through the cable jackscrew II 37, the fixing nut 38 is in threaded connection with the traction rod 35, the fixing seat comprises a base 39 and a traction hole I36, the traction rod 35 is sequentially sleeved with the fixing nut 38, the base 39, the scale sleeve 47, the spring III 46 and the adjusting nut 40, the adjusting nut 40 is set to be a threaded part and a sleeve part, and the sleeve part of the. The fixing nut 38 is loosened, the adjusting nut 40 is screwed in, the proximal acting force of the spring III 46, the scale sleeve 47 and the base 39 can be given, and the base 39 is fixed on a human body, so that the spring III 46, the scale sleeve 47 and the adjusting nut 40 can be given with the opposite distal acting force, and further the traction rod 35, the adjusting body part 26, the lower nail body 16, the first fixing bone screw 17, the second fixing bone screw 18 and the distal bone segment are driven to move to the distal end, and the bone lengthening is realized.
Embodiment e, as shown in fig. 16, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment c is that a third spring 46 and a scale sleeve 47 are additionally provided, specifically as follows: the traction device comprises a fixed seat 44, a fixed sleeve 45, an adjusting sleeve 42 with scales, a second fixed jackscrew 41, a third spring 46 and a scale sleeve 47, wherein the fixed seat 44 comprises a base and two traction holes 43, the fixed sleeve 45 is a hollow sleeve, the tail part comprises a tail part and a sleeve part, the side wall of the tail part is provided with a second radial fixed jackscrew hole, the second fixed jackscrew 41 for fixing the adjusting body part 26 is installed in the second fixed jackscrew hole, the outer wall of the fixed sleeve 45 is provided with threads and is in threaded connection with the adjusting sleeve 42, the scale sleeve 47 is abutted to the fixed seat 44, the other end of the scale sleeve is in sliding connection with the adjusting sleeve 42, the third spring 46 is installed in the scale sleeve 47, one end of the third spring 46 is abutted to the adjusting sleeve 42, the other end of the scale sleeve is abutted to the scale sleeve, one end of the adjusting body 26 penetrates through. The adjusting sleeve 42 is screwed in to provide the acting force towards the near end of the spring III 46, the scale sleeve 47 and the base 39, and the fixing seat 44 is fixed on the human body, so that the spring III 46, the scale sleeve 47, the adjusting sleeve 42 and the fixing sleeve 45 can provide the opposite far-end acting force, the adjusting body part 26, the lower nail body 16, the first fixing bone screw 17, the second fixing bone screw 18 and the far-end bone segment move towards the far end, and the bone lengthening is realized.
In the above embodiment, the intramedullary nail main nail is set to have a curvature suitable for human bones.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
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| CN202011281752.1A CN112535526B (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | A new type of bone lengthening intramedullary nail |
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| CN112535526B CN112535526B (en) | 2025-05-16 |
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| CN112535526B (en) | 2025-05-16 |
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