CN112524114B - Hydraulic control valve and hydraulic control system - Google Patents
Hydraulic control valve and hydraulic control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112524114B CN112524114B CN202011359860.6A CN202011359860A CN112524114B CN 112524114 B CN112524114 B CN 112524114B CN 202011359860 A CN202011359860 A CN 202011359860A CN 112524114 B CN112524114 B CN 112524114B
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- hydraulic control
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 237
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
- F15B13/042—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor operated by fluid pressure
- F15B13/0422—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor operated by fluid pressure with manually-operated pilot valves, e.g. joysticks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
- F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
- F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
- F16K11/065—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
- F16K11/10—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K3/00—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing
- F16K3/30—Details
- F16K3/314—Forms or constructions of slides; Attachment of the slide to the spindle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B2013/002—Modular valves, i.e. consisting of an assembly of interchangeable components
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a hydraulic control valve and a hydraulic control system, wherein the hydraulic control valve comprises a valve body, a first valve core is movably arranged in the valve body, a containing cavity is arranged in the first valve core, a first through hole, a second through hole and a third through hole which are communicated with the containing cavity are arranged on the side wall of the first valve core, the second valve core is movably arranged in the containing cavity, and the second valve core is provided with a communicating position which enables the second through hole to be communicated with the third through hole and an isolating position which enables the second through hole to be isolated from the third through hole. The technical scheme of the invention solves the defects of complex structure, large installation limitation and high cost of the hydraulic system in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic control, in particular to a hydraulic control valve and a hydraulic control system.
Background
Two direction control valves are arranged in heavy machinery to simultaneously control one oil cylinder, wherein one direction control valve controls oil inlet and oil outlet of a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of the oil cylinder, and the other direction control valve is a flow regeneration valve. The principle of flow regeneration is that when the engineering machinery (such as an excavator) works, the rod cavity in the oil cylinder descends, the oil pressure of the rod-free cavity is high due to the action of gravity, and the rod-free cavity is communicated with the rod cavity through the mechanism device arranged outside or inside the multi-way valve, so that the high-pressure oil of the rod-free cavity is supplied to the rod cavity, namely, the flow regeneration function is realized, the problem of suction of the rod cavity caused by too high speed is prevented, and meanwhile, the flow is saved.
However, when the oil cylinder performs heavy-load work, the oil pressure of the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder is larger than that of the rod cavity of the oil cylinder, so that the flow regeneration valve in the direction control valve does not work. The oil return area of the rod cavity is small, so that the oil return speed of the rod cavity of the oil cylinder is low, and the oil cylinder is weak in action. In order to solve the problem of action weakness of the oil cylinder, in some hydraulic control systems in the prior art, an external valve block (or a cartridge valve) is additionally arranged on an oil return path of a rod cavity of the oil cylinder, so that the oil return speed of the rod cavity is increased, and the action force of the oil cylinder is increased.
However, the technical scheme has the following problems that the external valve block can only control the oil return of the small cavities of the first oil cylinder independently, namely one-to-one oil return control of the small cavities of the oil cylinder is carried out, if the second oil cylinder also needs the function, another external valve block (or cartridge valve) needs to be additionally arranged, and the more the oil cylinders needing the function, the more the external valve blocks are added. The external valve block has a certain limitation on the machinery with limited installation space, and the external valve block (or the oil return control valve) needs to be externally connected with a pipeline for signal transmission and oil discharge, so that the tubing difficulty is increased. And each external valve block (or oil return control valve) is controlled by an electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve, and the electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve in the market at present has imperfect performance, high cost and increased cost to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of complex structure, large installation limitation and high cost of the hydraulic system in the prior art, thereby providing the hydraulic control valve and the hydraulic control system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a hydraulic control valve which comprises a valve body, a first valve core and a second valve core, wherein an oil inlet, an oil drain, a first working oil port and a second working oil port are arranged on the valve body, the first working oil port is used for being communicated with a rodless cavity of a controlled cylinder body, the second working oil port is used for being communicated with a rod cavity of the controlled cylinder body, the first valve core is movably arranged in the valve body, the first valve core is provided with a first position for enabling the first working oil port to be communicated with the oil drain and enabling the second working oil port to be communicated with the oil inlet, and a second position for enabling the first working oil port to be communicated with the oil inlet and enabling the second working oil port to be communicated with the oil drain, a containing cavity is arranged in the first valve core, a first through hole, a second through hole and a third through hole are arranged on the side wall of the first valve core, the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole are communicated with the containing cavity, the second valve core is movably arranged in the containing cavity, the second valve core is provided with a communicating position for enabling the second through hole and the third through hole to be isolated, and the second through hole is isolated, when the first valve core is in the second position is used for being in the second position, the first through hole is communicated with the first through hole and the second working oil port is communicated with the second through hole and the third through hole is isolated through hole, and the control cavity is in communication position isolated.
Optionally, the side wall of the second valve core is provided with a through-flow groove, when the second valve core is at the communication position, the second through hole and the third through hole are both communicated with the through-flow groove, and when the second valve core is at the isolation position, the second through hole and/or the third through hole are misplaced with the through-flow groove.
Optionally, the plurality of third through holes are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the first valve core, wherein when the second valve core is positioned at the communicating position, at least one third through hole in the plurality of third through holes is communicated with the flow through groove.
Alternatively, the apertures of the plurality of third through holes gradually increase in a direction away from the second through holes.
Optionally, the second valve core separates the accommodating cavity into a first section and a second section, the first through hole is communicated with the first section, the second valve core comprises a first stress surface facing the first section and a second stress surface facing the second section, the second valve core further comprises a communication hole, and the communication hole is used for communicating the first section and the second section, wherein the area of the first stress surface is larger than that of the second stress surface.
Optionally, an elastic element is disposed between the second valve core and the first valve core, and the elastic element applies an elastic force to the second valve core in a direction towards the first through hole.
Optionally, the end of the first valve core is provided with a blocking piece, the elastic piece is a spring, and two ends of the spring are respectively in butt joint with the second valve core and the blocking piece.
Optionally, a guiding structure is arranged between the second valve core and the plugging piece.
Optionally, a positioning step is arranged on the inner wall of the first valve core, and when the second valve core is in the isolation position, the second valve core is abutted with the positioning step.
The invention also provides a hydraulic control system which comprises the hydraulic control valve.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
by utilizing the technical scheme of the invention, when the controlled oil cylinder is in heavy-duty work, the first valve core is in the second position, at the moment, the first working oil port is communicated with the oil inlet so as to enable the rod cavity of the controlled oil cylinder to be filled with oil, and the second working oil port is communicated with the oil discharge port so as to enable the rod cavity of the controlled oil cylinder to be discharged. Simultaneously, first through-hole and first work hydraulic fluid port intercommunication, and then make the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber get into and hold the intracavity to promote the motion of second case to the intercommunication position. After the second valve core is positioned at the communication position, the second valve core communicates the second through hole with the third through hole, so that hydraulic oil without a rod cavity can be discharged from the second working oil port, the second through hole, the third through hole and the oil discharge port, namely, an additional oil discharge channel is added, the oil return speed is increased, and the action force of the oil cylinder is enhanced. The structure realizes the technical effect of increasing the oil discharging channel with the rod cavity only by improving the control valve of the controlled oil cylinder, and further, an external valve block or a cartridge valve is not required to be additionally arranged in the hydraulic control system, so that the structure of the hydraulic control system is simplified, the cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the limitation caused by the installation space of equipment is reduced. Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention solves the defects of complex structure, large installation limitation and high cost of the hydraulic system in the prior art.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a hydraulic control valve of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural view of the left side of the hydraulic control valve of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural view of the right side of the hydraulic control valve of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural view of a third through hole of the hydraulic control valve of FIG. 1, and
Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of the hydraulic control system of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
10. valve body, 11, oil inlet, 12, oil drain, 13, first working oil port, 14, second working oil port, 20, first valve core, 21, first through hole, 22, second through hole, 23, third through hole, 24, positioning step, 30, accommodating cavity, 31, first section, 32, second section, 40, second valve core, 41, overflow groove, 42, first stress surface, 43, second stress surface, 44, communication hole, 50, elastic element, 60, blocking element, 70, guiding structure, 100, hydraulic control valve, 200, hydraulic pump, 300, direction control valve, 400, bypass valve, 500, hydraulic cylinder, 600, pilot control handle, 700, interface overflow valve.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intervening medium, or in communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the hydraulic control valve in the present embodiment includes a valve body 10, a first spool 20, and a second spool 40. The respective structures are described in detail below:
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an oil inlet 11, an oil outlet 12, a first working oil port 13, and a second working oil port 14 are provided on the valve body 10. The first working oil port 13 is used for communicating with the rodless cavity of the controlled cylinder, and the second working oil port 14 is used for communicating with the rod cavity of the controlled cylinder. Specifically, the oil inlet 11 is connected to an oil pump, the oil drain 12 is connected to a mailbox, and the oil inlet 11 and the oil drain 12 are also referred to as "P" ports and "T" ports in the prior art. In order to facilitate the illustration of the structure of the valve element, only a partial structure of both ends of the valve body 10 of the control valve is illustrated in the present embodiment, and it should be noted that the valve body of the hydraulic control valve is in the prior art, and the structure of the valve body of the hydraulic control valve in the chinese patent with publication No. CN102947599 may be referred to, so that those skilled in the art can understand the structure of the valve body 10 in the present embodiment. Further, the first working oil port 13 is communicated with a rodless cavity of the controlled oil cylinder for oil inlet or oil discharge of the rodless cavity, and the second working oil port 14 is communicated with a rod cavity of the controlled oil cylinder for oil inlet or oil discharge of the rod cavity. Rodless and rod-like cavities are also referred to in the art as "large" and "small".
The first spool 20 is movably disposed in the valve body 10, and the first spool 20 has a first position in which the first working port 13 communicates with the oil drain port 12 and the second working port 14 communicates with the oil inlet port 11, and a second position in which the first working port 13 communicates with the oil inlet port 11 and the second working port 14 communicates with the oil drain port 12. The first valve core 20 is provided with a containing cavity 30 therein, and a first through hole 21, a second through hole 22 and a third through hole 23 which are communicated with the containing cavity 30 are arranged on the side wall of the first valve core 20. Specifically, the first valve core 20 can slide in the valve body, and meanwhile, a channel is arranged on the outer wall of the first valve core 20, so that the communication states of the oil inlet 11, the oil drain port 12, the first working oil port 13 and the second working oil port 14 can be changed when the first valve core 20 is positioned at different positions. When the first valve core 20 is at the first position, the first working oil port 13 is communicated with the oil drain port 12, and the second working oil port 14 is communicated with the oil inlet 11, so that oil is filled into a rod cavity, oil is discharged from the rod cavity, and the oil cylinder push rod is retracted. When the first valve core 20 is at the second position, the first working oil port 13 is communicated with the oil inlet 11, the second working oil port 14 is communicated with the oil discharge port 12, oil is fed into the rodless cavity, oil is discharged from the rod cavity, and the push rod of the oil cylinder extends out. Note that, in fig. 1, the first valve element 20 is in the second position. The first valve core 20 in this embodiment is of a hollow structure, that is, the accommodating chamber 30 is formed, and the side wall of the first valve core 20 is provided with a first through hole 21, a second through hole 22 and a third through hole 23, the function of which will be described below.
The second spool 40 is movably disposed in the accommodation chamber 30, and the second spool 40 has a communication position in which the second through hole 22 and the third through hole 23 are communicated, and an isolation position in which the second through hole 22 and the third through hole 23 are isolated. When the first valve core 20 is at the second position, the first through hole 21 is communicated with the first working oil port 13, the second through hole 22 is communicated with the second working oil port 14, and the third through hole 23 is communicated with the oil drain port 12, so that the pressure of the rodless cavity in the controlled cylinder body is communicated with the accommodating cavity 30, and the second valve core 40 is driven to move from the isolation position to the communication position. Specifically, the second spool 40 slides within the accommodation chamber 30, and the second through hole 22 and the third through hole 23 on the first spool 20 can be communicated or isolated during sliding. When the second spool 40 is in the second position, i.e., when the cylinder pushrod is extended as described above, the first through hole 21 communicates with the first working port 13, the second through hole 22 communicates with the second working port 14, and the third through hole 23 communicates with the oil drain port 12. In the above communication state, the hydraulic oil of the rodless chamber of the controlled cylinder can enter into the accommodating chamber 30 along the first working oil port 13 and the first through hole 21. The pressure provided by the hydraulic oil introduced into the accommodating chamber 30 drives the second valve spool 40 to slide, thereby moving the second valve spool 40 from the isolation position to the communication position. When the second spool 40 is in the communication position, an additional oil return passage can be provided for the rod chamber of the controlled cylinder. Specifically, oil return of the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity is realized through the channel between the valve body 10 and the first valve core 20 on the one hand, and on the other hand, oil return of the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity can also be realized through the second working oil port 14, the second through hole 22, the third through hole 23 and the oil discharge port 12, namely, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity returns through the two channels simultaneously, so that the oil return speed of the rod cavity is accelerated, and the action force of the oil cylinder is improved. When the first valve element 20 is not at the second position, the first through hole 21 is not communicated with the first working oil port 13, so that the second valve element 40 is not at the communicating position and isolates the second through hole 22 from the third through hole 23, and further, other actions of the cylinder are not affected.
According to the above structure, with the technical solution of the present embodiment, when the controlled oil cylinder is in heavy-duty operation, the first valve core 20 is in the second position, and at this time, the first working oil port 13 is communicated with the oil inlet 11 to enable the rod cavity of the controlled oil cylinder to be filled with oil, and the second working oil port 14 is communicated with the oil drain port 12 to enable the rod cavity of the controlled oil cylinder to drain oil. Meanwhile, the first through hole 21 is communicated with the first working oil port 13, so that hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity enters the accommodating cavity 30 and pushes the second valve core 40 to move to a communicating position. After the second valve core 40 is at the communicating position, the second valve core 40 communicates the second through hole 22 with the third through hole 23, so that hydraulic oil with no rod cavity can be discharged from the second working oil port 14, the second through hole 22, the third through hole 23 and the oil discharge port 12, that is, an additional oil discharge channel is added, the oil return speed is increased, and the action force of the oil cylinder is enhanced. The structure realizes the technical effect of increasing the oil discharging channel with the rod cavity only by improving the control valve of the controlled oil cylinder, and further, an external valve block or a cartridge valve is not required to be additionally arranged in the hydraulic control system, so that the structure of the hydraulic control system is simplified, the cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the limitation caused by the installation space of equipment is reduced. Therefore, the technical scheme of the embodiment solves the defects of complex structure, large installation limitation and high cost of the hydraulic system in the prior art.
As shown in fig. 3, in the technical solution of the present embodiment, the side wall of the second valve core 40 is provided with a through-flow groove 41, when the second valve core 40 is in the communicating position, the second through hole 22 and the third through hole 23 are both communicated with the through-flow groove 41, and when the second valve core 40 is in the isolating position, the second through hole 22 and/or the third through hole 23 are dislocated with the through-flow groove 41. Specifically, the above-described flow-through groove 41 is concavely formed in the surface of the second valve element 40, and the flow-through groove 41 extends in the axial direction of the second valve element 40. Fig. 3 shows the second valve core 40 in the isolated position, where only the second through hole 22 corresponds to the through-flow groove 41, and the third through hole 23 is engaged with the inner wall of the second valve core 40, so that the second through hole 22 is disconnected from the third through hole 23. When the second valve core 40 moves rightward to the open position, the second through hole 22 and the third through hole 23 are both communicated with the through-flow groove 41, and at this time, the second through hole 22 and the third through hole 23 are communicated, so that the return oil of the rodless cavity can flow back to the oil tank through the second through hole 22 and the third through hole 23. When the second valve element 40 is in the isolated position, the through-flow groove 41 may be offset from the second through-hole 22, or the through-flow groove 41 may be offset from both the second through-hole 22 and the third through-hole 23.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the technical solution of the present embodiment, a plurality of third through holes 23 are provided, and a plurality of third through holes 23 are disposed at intervals along the axial direction of the first valve element 20. Wherein, when the second valve core 40 is at the communicating position, at least one third through hole 23 of the plurality of third through holes 23 is communicated with the through groove 41. Specifically, the structure has the technical effect of automatically controlling the oil return quantity of the rod cavity of the oil cylinder. In the oil return control valve technology in the prior art, the control mode is that the pressure of a rodless cavity of an oil cylinder is detected by a sensor and fed back to a controller, and then the controller detects that the pressure of the rodless cavity reaches a fixed value and sends a signal to an electromagnetic valve to control the oil return control valve to move. The control mode of the oil return valve is complex, components such as a battery valve, a sensor, a rubber tube and a wire harness are additionally arranged, the cost of the system is increased, the failure rate of the electromagnetic valve, the sensor and the wire harness is high, and the detection is not easy. In the present embodiment, as can be seen from fig. 3 and 4, as the distance of the second valve element 40 moving rightward is different, the number of communication between the second through hole 22 and the third through hole 23 is also different, so that the oil return amount of the rod chamber of the oil cylinder is also different. The moving distance of the second valve core 40 is determined according to the pressure of the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder (namely, the pilot pressure), the second valve core 40 gradually moves rightwards along with the change of the pilot pressure, and at the moment, the effective opening areas of the plurality of third through holes 23 change along with the movement of the lifting valve core, so that the quantity of the oil returning quantity of the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder is controlled. Through the design of the combined hole mode, the problems in the prior art can be effectively solved, and the action force of the oil cylinder is reasonably improved.
Since the third through holes 23 are plural in this embodiment, the above-described communication position does not mean that the second spool 40 is at a single stationary position, but is a single continuous position formed along the path through which the plural third through holes 23 pass.
As shown in fig. 4, in the technical solution of the present embodiment, the apertures of the plurality of third through holes 23 gradually increase in the direction away from the second through holes 22. Specifically, as can be seen from fig. 4, the diameters of the plurality of third through holes 23 gradually increase in the left-to-right direction, forming a combined hole structure. In this embodiment, three third through holes 23 are located, and the sizes of the apertures of the three third through holes 23 are sequentially arranged from small to large. The oil in the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder is used as a pilot, the opening and movement of the second valve core 40 are precisely controlled through the decompression effect of the second valve core 40, namely, after the oil pressure in the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder reaches the opening pressure of the second valve core 40, the oil pressure in the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder is continuously increased or reduced, the displacement of the second valve core 40 is continuously increased or reduced, namely, different oil pressures correspond to different strokes of the second valve core 40, and at the moment, the effective areas (namely, the exposed areas of the combined holes) of the plurality of third through holes 23 are continuously changed according to the pressure of the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder, namely, the back pressure of the oil returning of the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder is effectively controlled, so that the aim of controlling the speed of the oil cylinder is achieved.
As shown in fig. 3, in the technical solution of the present embodiment, the second valve core 40 divides the accommodating chamber 30 into the first section 31 and the second section 32, and the first through hole 21 communicates with the first section 31. The second spool 40 includes a first force receiving surface 42 facing the first segment 31 and a second force receiving surface 43 facing the second segment 32, and the second spool 40 further includes a communication hole 44, the communication hole 44 communicating the first segment 31 and the second segment 32. Wherein the area of the first stress surface 42 is larger than the area of the second stress surface 43. Specifically, when the first spool 20 is in the first position, the hydraulic oil in the cylinder rodless chamber flows into the accommodating chamber 30, and the hydraulic oil flows into the first segment 31 first, and then flows into the second segment 32 through the communication hole 44. At this time, both the left and right ends of the second valve element 40 receive the thrust force of the hydraulic oil, but since the area of the first force receiving surface 42 is larger than that of the second force receiving surface 43, the second valve element 40 moves rightward (i.e., toward the communication position). The above-mentioned structure is provided to enhance the control of the movement stroke of the second valve element 40, specifically, under the heavy load condition, the pressure of the cylinder rod cavity is relatively high, which is the pilot pressure for pushing away the second valve element 40 is relatively high, and at this time, if the acting force of the hydraulic oil in the cylinder rod cavity is applied to the left side of the second valve element 40, the second valve element 40 is opened instantaneously and completely (i.e. instantaneously moves to the right to the limit position) under the action of the cylinder rod cavity pressure, which makes the control of the second valve element 40 extremely difficult. In order to better control the movement of the second valve core 40, the oil return quantity of the rod cavity of the oil cylinder is reasonably controlled, and the working force of the oil cylinder is improved. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the second valve element 40 has a first chamber on the left side, the effective area on the left side of the second valve element is A1 (i.e. the effective area of the first stress surface 42), the high-pressure oil in the rod cavity of the oil cylinder acts from the first through hole 21, and if the pressure of the oil in this portion is directly applied to the left end of the second valve element 40, the second valve element 40 is opened in a full stroke and is wirelessly controlled due to the high pressure of the oil (assuming P1). To enhance the stroke control of the second valve element 40, the second valve element 40 is internally provided with a communication hole 44 and a second chamber having an effective area A2 (i.e., an effective area of the second stress surface 43) therein. At this time, the opening pressure of the second valve element 40 is p1× (A1-A2), that is, the preload of a spring (to be described later), which is much smaller than p1×a1. The displacement of the second valve core 40 can be precisely controlled by adjusting the area difference between the A1 and the A2, so that the exposed area of the combined hole (the plurality of third through holes 23) can be controlled, the oil quantity of the oil return of the rod cavity can be controlled, and the action force of the oil cylinder can be better controlled. Compared with the traditional external valve block, the structure saves the control valve block, the electromagnetic valve, the sensor, the rubber tube and the like, greatly reduces the cost, saves the space and has higher practical significance.
It should be noted that, the essence of the above structure is that by providing the communication hole 44 so that the hydraulic oil can simultaneously press the left side and the right side of the second valve element 40, the effect of controlling the moving speed of the second valve element 40 is achieved by designing the difference between the force receiving area of the left side (i.e., the first force receiving surface 42) and the force receiving area of the right side (i.e., the second force receiving surface 43). Therefore, a person skilled in the art can design other modified structures according to the above principle on the basis of the structure of the present embodiment, and is not limited to the structures of the first cell and the second cell described above.
As shown in fig. 3, in the technical solution of the present embodiment, an elastic member 50 is provided between the second valve element 40 and the first valve element 20, and the elastic member 50 applies an elastic force to the second valve element 40 in the direction toward the first through hole 21. Specifically, the elastic member 50 functions such that when the first through hole 21 is not in communication with the first hydraulic oil port 13, that is, when the left end of the second valve spool 40 is not driven by hydraulic oil, the elastic force of the elastic member 50 drives the second valve spool 40 from the communication position to the isolation position and maintains the position. Specifically, when the first spool 20 is not in the second position, the second through hole 22 and the third through hole 23 need to be disconnected, and further, other control actions of the hydraulic control valve are prevented from being affected after the second through hole 22 and the third through hole 23 are communicated. Further, the elastic pre-tightening force of the elastic member is designed as the opening pressure of the second valve element 40 (i.e., p1× (A1-A2) (i.e., the pressure of the cylinder rod-free chamber multiplied by the difference between the first and second force-receiving surfaces 42 and 43).
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, in the technical solution of the present embodiment, a sealing member 60 is disposed at an end of the first valve core 20, and the elastic member 50 is a spring, and two ends of the spring are respectively abutted against the second valve core 40 and the sealing member 60. Specifically, the blocking member 60 is a stopper provided at the right end of the first spool 20, a spring is provided in the second section 32 of the above-described accommodation chamber 30, and the spring applies an elastic force toward the left side toward the second spool 40.
As shown in fig. 3, in the technical solution of the present embodiment, a guide structure 70 is provided between the second valve element 40 and the blocking member 60. Specifically, the guide structure 70 functions to ensure that the second valve spool 40 can move along a predetermined linear path. In the specific structure of this embodiment, the plugging member 60 is provided with a convex column, the right end of the second valve core 40 is provided with a recess, and the convex column is sleeved in the recess, that is, the convex column and the recess form the guiding structure 70. Further, the space in the recess also forms the above-mentioned second chamber, that is, the above-mentioned communication hole 44 communicates with the recess on the right side of the second valve cartridge 40.
As shown in fig. 3, in the technical solution of the present embodiment, the inner wall of the first valve core 20 is provided with a positioning step 24, and when the second valve core 40 is in the isolation position, the second valve core 40 abuts against the positioning step 24. Specifically, the above-described blocking piece 60 and the positioning step 24 together define the range of movement of the second valve spool 40.
According to the structure, the hydraulic control valve has the characteristics and advantages that when the oil cylinder stretches out, the hydraulic control valve is used for regenerating oil in the small cavity of the oil cylinder to the large cavity by utilizing the dead weight condition, the oil return back pressure of the small cavity is high, namely the oil return area is small, and when the oil cylinder is under the condition of large load, the back pressure of the large cavity of the oil cylinder is increased, and the action of the oil cylinder is weak due to the small oil return area of the small cavity. The direction control valve is changed into a hollow structure, the two groups of small holes (a second through hole 22 and a third through hole 23) are additionally arranged on the side surface of a first valve core 20 of the direction control valve to realize the communication between a rod cavity of the oil cylinder and an oil return oil passage, namely, the oil in the rod cavity of the oil cylinder is quickly reserved in the oil return oil passage of a valve body through the hollow valve core (the first valve core 20) in the direction control valve, the action force of the oil cylinder is increased to meet the requirement of actual working conditions, a second valve core 40 of a lifting valve core is arranged in the hollow valve core, the purpose of controlling the disconnection of the two groups of small holes is realized, the other end of the hollow valve core is communicated with the rod cavity of the oil cylinder through the additionally arranged small holes (the first through hole 21), namely, when the load is increased, the pressure of the rod cavity of the oil cylinder is increased along with the increase of the load, the pressure oil in the rod cavity of the oil cylinder enters the head of the hollow valve core 40 through the small holes (the first through hole 21), the second valve core 40 is pushed away, and the oil in the head of the rod cavity of the oil cylinder is accelerated through the passage when the pressure of the oil reaches the set pressure of a tail spring of the second valve core 40. The method realizes the acceleration oil return of the rod cavity of the oil cylinder, meets the requirement of improving the strength of the oil cylinder, does not need to take over the external valve block to realize the oil return speed of the oil cylinder, saves the external control valve block, the electromagnetic valve, the sensor, the rubber tube and the like, saves the space and has practical significance
The present embodiment also provides a hydraulic control system, which includes a hydraulic control valve 100, where the hydraulic control valve 100 is the hydraulic control valve described above. The following describes the operation principle of the hydraulic control system in the present embodiment:
in the construction machine of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 below, the schematic diagram mainly includes a hydraulic pump, a first directional control valve (i.e. the hydraulic control valve 100), a second directional control valve (i.e. the directional control valve 300), a bypass valve 400, a hydraulic cylinder 500, a pilot control handle 600, and a plurality of interface relief valves 700, which form a positive flow system working device. In the working device of this embodiment, when the pilot control handle 600 makes the extension action of the cylinder with a rod cavity, the pilot hydraulic oil is transferred to two directional control valves, and the two directional control valves move rightward, and the left positions of the valve cores of the two directional control valves act. At the same time, the corresponding signal is transmitted to the bypass valve 400, the valve core of the bypass valve 400 is closed, the oil provided by the hydraulic pump does not return to the oil tank through all direction control valves, and the oil provided by the hydraulic pump enters the oil tank to provide power for the action of the oil. The oil tank is filled in the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder, the oil return tank is provided with the rod cavity, the oil return area of the rod cavity is smaller due to the gravity action of the piston rod, the oil return back pressure of the rod cavity of the oil cylinder is higher, and in order to fully utilize the energy, the flow regeneration check valve is arranged in the second direction control valve, and the oil in the rod cavity of the oil cylinder is regenerated into the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder through the flow regeneration valve, so that the energy can be recycled.
When the oil cylinder stretches out and the external load continuously increases, the oil return area of the rod cavity of the oil cylinder is smaller (in combination with fig. 1), the oil return speed of the rod cavity of the oil cylinder is lower, so that the oil cylinder is weak in action, the oil pressure of the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder continuously increases along with the increase of the external load, and the pressure can be transmitted to the head of the second valve core 40 through the first through hole 21 formed in the first valve core 20 and the containing cavity 30 inside the first valve core 20, and the action is similar to that of pilot control pressure. When the pressure of the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder reaches the set pressure of the spring, the second valve core 40 is opened, at this time, one part of the oil in the rod cavity returns to the oil return path through the external slot of the first valve core 20, and the other part returns to the oil return path through the second through hole 22 and the combined hole (the combined hole comprises three third through holes 23) on the side surface of the first valve core 20. The oil in the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder is taken as a guide, the opening and the movement of the lifting valve core are accurately controlled through the decompression effect of the second valve core 40, namely, after the oil pressure in the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder reaches the opening pressure of the second valve core 40, the oil pressure in the large cavity of the oil cylinder is continuously increased or reduced, the displacement of the movement of the second valve core 40 is continuously increased or reduced, namely, different oil pressures correspond to different strokes of the second valve core 40, at the moment, the effective areas (namely, the exposed areas of the combined holes) of the three third through holes 23 are continuously changed according to the pressure of the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder, so that the quantity of the oil returning quantity of the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder is controlled, namely, the back pressure of the oil returning quantity of the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder is effectively controlled, and the purpose of controlling the speed of the oil cylinder is achieved.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
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| JP2558115Y2 (en) * | 1988-07-14 | 1997-12-17 | 東芝機械株式会社 | Valve device |
| US6637461B2 (en) * | 2002-03-08 | 2003-10-28 | Husco International, Inc. | Electrically operated hydraulic actuator with force feedback position sensing |
| CN102864798B (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2015-01-14 | 三一重机有限公司 | Bucket rod regeneration structure and excavator |
| CN108626194B (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2020-01-10 | 山推工程机械股份有限公司 | Hydraulic control quick-drop valve, hydraulic system and bulldozer |
| CN209412883U (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-09-20 | 烟台艾迪液压科技有限公司 | A kind of excavator dipper core assembly with regeneration cutting function |
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