CN112481514B - Production method of 4045 aluminum alloy rod - Google Patents
Production method of 4045 aluminum alloy rod Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- -1 aluminum-manganese Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum copper Chemical compound [Al].[Cu] WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002140 antimony alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910017115 AlSb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017143 AlSr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015842 Hesperis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012633 Iberis amara Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001278 Sr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YNDGDLJDSBUSEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum strontium Chemical compound [Al].[Sr] YNDGDLJDSBUSEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyl sulfide Chemical compound O=C=S JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036314 physical performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a production method of a 4045 aluminum alloy rod. A method of producing a 4045 aluminum alloy rod, comprising: (1) selecting and weighing an aluminum ingot, silicon, an aluminum-copper intermediate alloy, an aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and an aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy according to the component ratio; (2) adding silicon, aluminum-copper intermediate alloy, aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy into a first batch of aluminum ingots in a molten state, preserving heat for 2-4h at 830-870 ℃, adding a second batch of aluminum ingots, and melting to obtain an alloy liquid; (3) refining the alloy liquid at the temperature of 720-760 ℃; (4) opening a furnace eye after the components of the refined alloy liquid are detected to be qualified, refining on line, and then refining on line and filtering to remove gas and slag; (5) and casting the alloy liquid after degassing and deslagging at the temperature of 680-700 ℃, feeding the alloy liquid into a continuous rolling unit for casting and rolling after ingot discharging, and cooling to obtain the 4045 aluminum alloy rod. The production method of 4045 aluminum alloy rods is suitable for industrial mass production of aluminum-silicon alloy rods in the composition range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy, and particularly relates to a production method of a 4045 aluminum alloy rod.
Background
With the development of welding technology, aluminum and aluminum alloy welded structures have been widely used in civil and military industries, such as various chemical containers, vehicles, ships, airplanes, rockets, cosmic detectors, and the like, and high-speed trains, subway trains, and urban light rails are the industry supported by national key investment support. The properties of these welded structures, given the base material, depend primarily on the welding process and the alloy composition and properties of the welding wire. The welding wire is an important factor influencing the metal components, the structure, the liquid-solidus temperature, the heat cracking of a base metal in a near seam region, the corrosion resistance and the mechanical property of a welding seam. Therefore, the welding wire material has important significance for wide application of the aluminum alloy welding structure.
The 4045 aluminum alloy is an aluminum-silicon alloy with Si as a main alloy element, and is an ideal raw material for manufacturing aluminum alloy welding additive materials (such as brazing sheets, welding rods, welding wires and the like) due to the high Si content, low melting point, good melt fluidity, easy feeding and no brittleness of final products.
The 4045 alloy rod belongs to high-silicon aluminum alloy, is mainly applied to manufacturing ER4045 aluminum alloy welding wires with various specifications and is used for welding or surfacing light alloy processing industry. At present, three methods are available for producing the steel, namely a semi-continuous casting-extrusion method, a continuous casting and rolling method and a horizontal continuous casting and continuous pulling method. Alloy rods for manufacturing 4045 aluminum welding wires are produced by adopting a continuous casting and rolling process, and the quality of the alloy rod products produced by adopting a horizontal continuous casting and rolling method at home has a larger difference compared with the quality of foreign products, which is represented as the difference between the external quality and the internal quality. The aluminum alloy rod has the defects of instability, frequent wire breakage and low production efficiency, each bundle is less than 200 kg, and the quality can reach the standard in the semi-continuous casting-extrusion method production, but the process is long, the investment is large and the cost is high.
In the prior art, a method for producing 4045 alloy soldering-aid sheet blanks by a cast-rolling method comprises the steps of proportioning raw materials according to components of 4045 alloy, wherein an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy is pre-embedded at the bottom of a furnace as an additive, then an aluminum ingot is added, and an iron agent is added to regulate the components after the raw materials are melted; smelting raw materials, introducing the smelted raw materials into a standing furnace, and performing modification treatment in the standing furnace; 2) casting and rolling the treated aluminum liquid, and performing secondary modification in a launder between the casting and rolling machine and a standing furnace; the casting area is 55-70mm during casting and rolling; the casting and rolling temperature is controlled at 630-660 ℃; the casting and rolling speed is controlled at 450-650 mm/min. However, the 4045 alloy plate blank produced by the cast-rolling method has the advantages of long production period, low efficiency and high cost, and can only be used for producing soldering lugs, and cannot be used for producing welding wires.
In view of the above, aiming at the problems of high cost and unstable quality of the domestic 4045 aluminum alloy, the invention provides a novel production method of a 4045 aluminum alloy rod, which has low cost and low wire drawing and breaking times and is suitable for industrial mass production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a production method of 4045 aluminum alloy rods, which is produced by adopting a casting and rolling method, can reduce the production cost through a silicon pretreatment process, a silicon modification process and a crystal grain refining method in aluminum alloy, has low wire drawing and breaking times and is suitable for industrial batch production.
In order to realize the purpose, the adopted technical scheme is as follows:
a production method of 4045 aluminum alloy rods comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting and weighing raw materials: selecting and weighing an aluminum ingot, silicon, an aluminum-copper intermediate alloy, an aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and an aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy according to the component ratio;
(2) adding silicon, aluminum-copper intermediate alloy, aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy into a first batch of aluminum ingots in a molten state, preserving heat for 2-4h at 830-870 ℃, adding a second batch of aluminum ingots, and melting to obtain an alloy liquid;
the aluminum ingots are added in two times, and the second batch of aluminum ingots accounts for 5-10% of the total amount of the aluminum ingots;
(3) refining the alloy liquid at the temperature of 720-760 ℃, wherein the dosage of a refining agent is 5-8 per mill of the total amount of the melt; removing surface slag after refining, standing for not less than 20min, and sampling to detect the components of the alloy liquid;
(4) opening a furnace eye after the components of the refined alloy liquid are detected to be qualified, refining on line, and then refining on line and filtering to remove gas and slag;
(5) casting and casting-rolling: and casting the alloy liquid after degassing and deslagging at the temperature of 680-700 ℃, feeding the alloy liquid into a continuous rolling unit for casting and rolling after ingot discharging, and cooling to obtain the 4045 aluminum alloy rod.
Further, the 4045 aluminum alloy rod comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fe is less than or equal to 0.80%, Si: 8.0 to 11.0 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single elements, and less than or equal to 0.15 percent of other elements in total.
Further, in the step (4), Al-Ti-C rods with the diameter of 9.5mm are fed at the position before the refined alloy liquid enters the online degassing equipment after the furnace eye is opened for grain refining treatment.
Still further, the Al-Ti-C rod is an Al-Ti3-C0.15 rod.
Further, in the step (4), the online refining degassing efficiency is more than 50%, and the size of the filter sheet is not less than 50 ppi.
Further, in the step (5), the casting machine speed is 1000-3/h。
Furthermore, in the step (5), the temperature after ingot discharge is 460-.
Further, the temperature of the alloy liquid after refining is 750-780 ℃.
Further, the diameter of the 4045 aluminum alloy rod is 9.5 mm.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a 4045 aluminum alloy rod produced by the above-mentioned production method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with a semi-continuous casting-extrusion method for producing the 4045 aluminum alloy rod, the continuous casting and rolling method is adopted in the production method of the 4045 aluminum alloy rod, the process is short, and the production cost is lower; compared with the 4045 aluminum alloy rod produced by the horizontal continuous casting and continuous pulling method, the method has the advantages of low wire drawing and breaking frequency and stable quality.
2. According to the production method of the 4045 aluminum alloy rod, disclosed by the invention, the metal silicon is used for replacing aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy ingredients, so that the production process flow is shortened, and the production cost is reduced.
3. According to the production method of the 4045 aluminum alloy rod, disclosed by the invention, the 4045 alloy is subjected to modification treatment by using the aluminum-antimony alloy as the modifier, so that the problems that the modification incubation period is long, chlorine refining is not easy to use and the like in treatment by using the aluminum-strontium alloy are solved, and the product quality is improved.
4. According to the production method of the 4045 aluminum alloy rod, disclosed by the invention, the 4045 aluminum alloy blank structure is refined by using the Al-Ti3-C0.15 grain refiner, the uniformity of the component structure is ensured, and the B poisoning phenomenon caused by adding the Al-Ti5-B1 grain refiner is avoided.
5. The production method of the 4045 aluminum alloy rod can produce the qualified 4045 aluminum alloy rod; and each bundle reaches 2 tons, the production efficiency is high, and the production cost is low.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the method of manufacturing 4045 aluminum alloy rods of the present invention and achieve the desired objects, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the method of manufacturing 4045 aluminum alloy rods of the present invention, and the detailed description, structure, features and effects thereof. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" refers to not necessarily the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
Before describing in detail the method of producing a 4045 aluminum alloy rod of the present invention, it is necessary to further describe the related methods mentioned in the present invention to achieve better results.
Modification treatment is one of important means for improving the mechanical properties of the aluminum-silicon alloy, and the modifier used in the current production is mainly sodium salt and strontium. The sodium salt modification process is complicated, pollutes the environment, corrodes equipment, is easy to absorb air, has short modification period and fast decay, and is out of use. Sr is extremely active in chemical property, is extremely easy to oxidize and is easy to absorb hydrogen in aluminum liquid; the latent period of Sr deterioration is long, the air suction tendency is severe, the alloy is easy to loose, and the compactness is reduced; in addition, since the chlorination reaction of Sr causes severe burning loss of Sr, when Sr is deteriorated, it is not preferable to refine Sr with chloride, and it is preferable to introduce argon and nitrogen, and chloride is an optimal refining agent, which also leads to an increase in cost. In addition, the applicant finds through experiments that when Sr is used as a modifier for producing 4045 aluminum alloy welding wires, the phenomenon of instability exists when an aluminum alloy rod is drawn into wires, the wire breaking frequency is high, and the production efficiency is low.
Sb modification has good silicon phase refining effect and good degassing performance, aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy and furnace burden are added simultaneously, the process is simple, and the modification effect lasts for a long time. Therefore, the AlSb alloy is adopted to replace the AlSr alloy for modification treatment, the modification effect is good and lasting, and the problems of instability, frequent wire breakage and low production efficiency of the drawn aluminum alloy rod are solved.
Meanwhile, in order to improve the performance of the aluminum-silicon alloy, most of domestic aluminum-silicon products with high quality requirements are produced by using aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy for burdening, and the cost is relatively high. Because the silicon content in the 4045 aluminum alloy is high, the invention directly uses the metal silicon to replace aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy as the raw material, thereby reducing the production cost.
With the understanding of the related methods mentioned in the present invention, the following will describe in further detail a method of producing 4045 aluminum alloy rods according to the present invention with reference to specific examples:
the starting materials and operations not mentioned in the present invention are conventional in the art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the equipment requirements are as follows: the main equipment is a melting and holding furnace and a 12-frame two-roller continuous casting and rolling unit, and the equipment is equipped with online refining equipment with degassing efficiency of more than 50% and filtering equipment with filter plate specification of more than or equal to 50 ppi.
The raw material requirements are as follows: the quality of the common aluminum with more than Al99.70 meets the standard requirement of GB/T1196-2017; industrial silicon, brand: the quality of Si4110 meets the standard requirements of GB/T2881-; ③ AlCu50 intermediate alloy, the quality of which meets the standard requirement of GB/T27677-2017; the quality of the AlMn10 intermediate alloy meets the standard requirement of GB/T27677-2017; fifthly, AlSb10 intermediate alloy, the quality meets the standard requirement of GB/T27677-2017; sixthly, the Al-Ti-C rod contains about 3 percent of Ti and about 0.15 percent of C, and the mass of the Al-Ti-C rod meets the requirements of YST 447.2-2011 standard.
A production method of 4045 aluminum alloy rods comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting and weighing raw materials: selecting and weighing an aluminum ingot, silicon, an aluminum-copper intermediate alloy, an aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and an aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy according to the component ratio;
(2) adding silicon, aluminum-copper intermediate alloy, aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy into a first batch of aluminum ingots in a molten state, preserving heat for 2-4h at 830-870 ℃, adding a second batch of aluminum ingots, and melting to obtain an alloy liquid;
the aluminum ingots are added in two times, and the second batch of aluminum ingots accounts for 5-10% of the total aluminum ingot consumption. The aluminum ingots are added twice, the second batch of aluminum ingots accounts for 5-10% of the total amount of the aluminum ingots, and the temperature of the alloy liquid is reduced to 720-760 ℃ while the second batch of aluminum ingots is molten.
In the step, silicon, aluminum-copper intermediate alloy, aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy are dried to remove water vapor in the raw materials.
(3) Refining the alloy liquid at the temperature of 720-760 ℃, wherein the dosage of a refining agent is 5-8 per mill of the total amount of the melt; removing surface slag after refining, standing for not less than 20min, and sampling to detect the components of the alloy liquid;
(4) opening a furnace eye after the components of the refined alloy liquid are detected to be qualified, refining on line, and then refining on line and filtering to remove gas and slag;
(5) casting and casting-rolling: and casting the alloy liquid after degassing and deslagging at the temperature of 680-700 ℃, feeding the alloy liquid into a continuous rolling unit for casting and rolling after ingot discharging, and cooling to obtain the 4045 aluminum alloy rod.
Preferably, the 4045 aluminum alloy rod comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fe is less than or equal to 0.80%, Si: 8.0 to 11.0 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single elements, and less than or equal to 0.15 percent of other elements in total.
Preferably, in the step (4), Al-Ti-C rods with the diameter of 9.5mm are fed to a position before refined alloy liquid enters an online degassing device after a furnace eye is opened for carrying out grain refining treatment.
Further preferably, the Al-Ti-C rod is an Al-Ti3-C0.15 rod.
Preferably, in the step (4), the online refining degassing efficiency is more than 50%, and the size of the filter sheet is not less than 50 ppi.
Preferably, in the step (5), the casting machine speed is 1000-3/h。
Further preferably, in the step (5), the temperature after ingot discharge is 460-.
Preferably, the temperature of the alloy liquid after refining is 750-780 ℃. At the temperature, the temperature of the alloy liquid can be guaranteed to be 680-700 ℃ when the alloy liquid is cast after online refining, degassing and deslagging.
Preferably, the 4045 aluminum alloy rod is 9.5mm in diameter.
The 4045 aluminum alloy has high silicon content, so that the rolling process is difficult and the problem of easy cracking exists. Therefore, the horizontal continuous casting method is generally adopted in China, the production period is long, the cost is high, the product quality is poor, and the production efficiency is low. According to the invention, the aluminum-antimony alloy is adopted for modification of silicon, Al-Ti3-C0.15 grain refiner is refined, and the casting and rolling parameters are properly designed, so that the problem of easy cracking in the rolling process is solved, a continuous casting and rolling method can be used for production, and the production cost is reduced; and the wire drawing and breaking times are low, the quality is stable, and the production efficiency is high.
Example 1.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) 2100kg of industrial silicon is added into the furnace for bottom paving, then 30kg of AlMn10 intermediate alloy, 10kg of AlCu50 intermediate alloy and 240kg of AlSb10 intermediate alloy are added, and the furnace temperature is set to be 810 ℃ for baking for 36min (the step is to ensure the drying of the raw materials). Then 17 tons of liquid aluminum is put, ignition and temperature rise are carried out, the temperature of the aluminum liquid in the melting and maintaining furnace reaches 835 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 2h13min, electromagnetic stirring is used for 3 times in the period, 10min is carried out each time, then 1 ton of Al99.70 aluminum ingot is added, and alloy liquid is obtained after melting.
(2) Controlling the temperature of the alloy liquid to reach 742 ℃, refining, wherein the dosage of a refining agent is 6 per mill, the time is 35min, removing surface slag after refining is finished, and standing for 20min for sampling.
(3) After the components of the refined alloy liquid meet the requirements, the temperature of the molten aluminum is 765 ℃.
Feeding Al-Ti3-C0.15 rods with the diameter of 9.5mm at the position of the aluminum liquid before the aluminum liquid enters the online degassing equipment at the speed of 2.2m/min, degassing and deslagging the aluminum liquid by online refining and filtering equipment, wherein the degassing efficiency is 55 percent by online refining and the specification of a filter plate is 50ppi by detection.
(4) The casting and rolling process ensures the casting temperature of 685-3The emulsion temperature is 26 ℃, and 4045 alloy rods with the diameter of about 9.5mm are finally produced, and the main chemical components and physical performance indexes are shown in the following table.
TABLE 1 chemical composition
| Number plate | Si％ | Cu％ | Mn％ | Sb％ | Ti％ | Others individually% |
| 4045 | 10.2 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.118 | 0.024 | Less than 0.05 |
TABLE 2 physical Properties
| Batch number | Tensile strength (Mpa) | Elongation (%) |
| 0001 | 214 | 17 |
| 0002 | 216 | 16 |
| 0003 | 212 | 17 |
| 0004 | 214 | 18 |
| 0005 | 218 | 17 |
| 0006 | 216 | 16 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the composition ratio of Fe is less than or equal to 0.80%, Si: 8.0 to 11.0 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single elements, and less than or equal to 0.15 percent of other elements in total.
As can be seen from Table 2, the tensile strength of the prepared product is greater than 210MPa, and the elongation is greater than 15%.
Example 2.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) 2100kg of industrial silicon is added into the furnace for bottom paving, then 30kg of AlMn10 intermediate alloy, 10kg of AlCu50 intermediate alloy and 240kg of AlSb10 intermediate alloy are added, and the furnace temperature is set to be 810 ℃ for baking for 30min (the step is to ensure the drying of the raw materials).
Then 16.8 tons of liquid aluminum is put, the ignition and the temperature rise are carried out, the temperature of the aluminum liquid in the melting and holding furnace reaches 870 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 3.5 hours, and during the period, the electromagnetic stirring is used for stirring for 3 times, 10min each time, so that the metal silicon is fully melted, deteriorated and evenly distributed in the melting and holding furnace.
Then 1.2 tons of Al99.70 aluminum ingots are added to obtain alloy liquid after melting.
(2) Controlling the temperature of the alloy liquid to 720 ℃, refining by using chloride salt, wherein the dosage of a refining agent is 8 per mill, the time is 40min, completely removing surface slag after refining, standing for 20min, and sampling to detect the components of the alloy liquid.
(3) After the components of the refined alloy liquid meet the requirements, the temperature of the molten aluminum is 755 ℃.
Feeding Al-Ti3-C0.15 rods with the diameter of 9.5mm at the position of the aluminum liquid before the aluminum liquid enters the online degassing equipment at the speed of 2.2m/min, degassing and deslagging the aluminum liquid by online refining and filtering equipment, wherein the degassing efficiency is 55 percent by online refining and the specification of a filter plate is 50ppi by detection.
(4) The whole casting and rolling process ensures that the casting temperature is 680-695 ℃, the ingot is discharged and then enters a continuous rolling unit for rolling, the billet discharging temperature is 465-475 ℃, the rolling temperature is 460-473 ℃, the casting speed is 1000r/min, and the cooling water strength is 18.5m3H, the emulsion temperature is 28 ℃, and then the 4045 aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 9.5mm is coiled.
The product is subjected to component detection, and the component ratio is as follows: fe is less than or equal to 0.80%, Si: 8.0 to 11.0 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single elements, and less than or equal to 0.15 percent of other elements in total. The production process has the advantages of low wire drawing and breaking frequency, stable quality, 2 tons per bundle and high production efficiency.
Example 3.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) 2100kg of industrial silicon is added into the furnace for bottom paving, then 30kg of AlMn10 intermediate alloy, 10kg of AlCu50 intermediate alloy and 240kg of AlSb10 intermediate alloy are added, and the furnace temperature is set to be 815 ℃ for baking for 30 min.
Then 17.1 tons of liquid aluminum is put, ignition and temperature rise are carried out, the temperature of aluminum liquid in the melting and holding furnace reaches 830 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 3 hours, electromagnetic stirring is used for stirring for 4 times in the period, 10 minutes each time, and the metal silicon is fully melted, deteriorated and uniformly distributed in the melting and holding furnace.
Then 0.9 ton of Al99.70 aluminum ingot is added to obtain alloy liquid after melting.
(2) Controlling the temperature of the alloy liquid to 760 ℃, refining by adopting chloride salt, wherein the dosage of a refining agent is 6 per mill, the time is 40min, removing surface slag after refining is finished, standing for 20min, and sampling to detect the components of the alloy liquid.
(3) After the components of the refined alloy liquid meet the requirements, the temperature of the molten aluminum is 775 ℃.
Feeding Al-Ti3-C0.15 rods with the diameter of 9.5mm at the position of the aluminum liquid before the aluminum liquid enters the online degassing equipment at the speed of 2.2m/min, degassing and deslagging the aluminum liquid by online refining and filtering equipment, wherein the degassing efficiency is 55 percent by online refining and the specification of a filter plate is 50ppi by detection.
(4) The casting and rolling process ensures the casting temperature of 685-3The emulsion temperature is 24 ℃, and then the 4045 aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 9.5mm is produced by coiling.
The product is subjected to component detection, and the component ratio is as follows: fe is less than or equal to 0.80%, Si: 8.0 to 11.0 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single elements, and less than or equal to 0.15 percent of other elements in total. The production process has the advantages of low wire drawing and breaking frequency, stable quality, 2 tons per bundle and high production efficiency.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A production method of 4045 aluminum alloy rods is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting and weighing raw materials: selecting and weighing an aluminum ingot, silicon, an aluminum-copper intermediate alloy, an aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and an aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy according to the component ratio;
(2) adding silicon, aluminum-copper intermediate alloy, aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy into a first batch of aluminum ingots in a molten state, preserving heat for 2-4h at 830-870 ℃, adding a second batch of aluminum ingots, and melting to obtain an alloy liquid;
the aluminum ingots are added in two times, and the second batch of aluminum ingots accounts for 5-10% of the total amount of the aluminum ingots;
(3) refining the alloy liquid at the temperature of 720-760 ℃, wherein the dosage of a refining agent is 5-8 per mill of the total amount of the melt; removing surface slag after refining, standing for not less than 20min, and sampling to detect the components of the alloy liquid;
(4) opening a furnace eye after the components of the refined alloy liquid are detected to be qualified, refining on line, and then refining on line and filtering to remove gas and slag;
feeding Al-Ti-C rods with the diameter of 9.5mm to refine grains at the position before refined alloy liquid enters online degassing equipment after a furnace eye is opened;
(5) casting and casting-rolling: casting the alloy liquid after degassing and deslagging at the temperature of 680-plus 700 ℃, feeding the alloy liquid into a continuous rolling unit for casting and rolling after ingot discharging, wherein the temperature after ingot discharging is 460-plus 500 ℃, the rolling temperature is 460-plus 500 ℃, and cooling to obtain the 4045 aluminum alloy rod.
2. The production method according to claim 1,
the 4045 aluminum alloy rod comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fe is less than or equal to 0.80%, Si: 8.0 to 11.0 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single elements, and less than or equal to 0.15 percent of other elements in total.
3. The production method according to claim 1,
the Al-Ti-C rod is an Al-Ti3-C0.15 rod.
4. The production method according to claim 1,
in the step (4), the online refining degassing efficiency is more than 50%, and the specification of the filter sheet is not less than 50 ppi.
5. The production method according to claim 1,
in the step (5), the casting machine speed is 1000-3/h。
6. The production method according to claim 5,
in the step (5), the rolling emulsion temperature is 23-31 ℃, and the rod-retracting temperature is 200-300 ℃.
7. The production method according to claim 1,
the temperature of the alloy liquid after refining is 750-780 ℃.
8. The production method according to claim 1,
the diameter of the 4045 aluminum alloy rod is 9.5 mm.
9. A4045 aluminum alloy rod produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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