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CN112467952A - Rotor permanent magnet type double-stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet flux switching motor - Google Patents

Rotor permanent magnet type double-stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet flux switching motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112467952A
CN112467952A CN202011302852.8A CN202011302852A CN112467952A CN 112467952 A CN112467952 A CN 112467952A CN 202011302852 A CN202011302852 A CN 202011302852A CN 112467952 A CN112467952 A CN 112467952A
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stator
rotor
permanent magnet
magnetic field
teeth
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CN112467952B (en
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林克曼
屠逸翔
林明耀
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H02K16/04Machines with one rotor and two stators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/141Stator cores with salient poles consisting of C-shaped cores
    • H02K1/143Stator cores with salient poles consisting of C-shaped cores of the horse-shoe type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/146Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
    • H02K1/148Sectional cores
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H02K1/165Shape, form or location of the slots
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/24Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2793Rotors axially facing stators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/04Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28Layout of windings or of connections between windings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2201/00Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
    • H02K2201/03Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2201/00Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
    • H02K2201/12Transversal flux machines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种转子永磁型双定子轴向磁场混合永磁磁通切换电机,包括同轴安装的第一定子、第二定子和位于两个定子之间且与定子之间留有气隙的转子,转子上设置有永磁体;第一定子、第二定子与转子均为凸极拓扑结构,第一定子与第二定子相对于转子对称设置;所述第一定子、第二定子都包括定子导磁铁芯和电枢绕组;所述转子包括转子齿和调磁绕组;本发明电机轴向长度短,结构紧凑,提高了电机的转矩密度与功率密度;本发明电机采用混合永磁的励磁方式,使得该电机既具有传统永磁电机功功率密度的特点,又具有记忆电机调速范围宽,效率高的特点。

Figure 202011302852

The invention discloses a rotor permanent magnet type double stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet magnetic flux switching motor, comprising a coaxially mounted first stator, a second stator, and a coaxially mounted first stator, a second stator and a space between the two stators and a space between the two stators. The rotor with air gap is provided with permanent magnets on the rotor; the first stator, the second stator and the rotor are all salient pole topology structures, and the first stator and the second stator are symmetrically arranged with respect to the rotor; the first stator, The second stator includes a stator conducting magnet core and an armature winding; the rotor includes rotor teeth and a magnetic control winding; the motor of the present invention has a short axial length, a compact structure, and improves the torque density and power density of the motor; the motor of the present invention The hybrid permanent magnet excitation mode makes the motor not only have the characteristics of the power density of the traditional permanent magnet motor, but also has the characteristics of a wide speed regulation range and high efficiency of the memory motor.

Figure 202011302852

Description

Rotor permanent magnet type double-stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet flux switching motor
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technology of hybrid permanent magnet motors, and particularly relates to a rotor permanent magnet type dual-rotor axial magnetic field hybrid excitation flux switching motor.
Background
The permanent magnet flux switching motor generally adopts a double salient pole structure, an armature winding and a permanent magnet are both positioned on a stator, and a rotor has no winding or permanent magnet, so that the permanent magnet flux switching motor has the advantages of high power density, high torque density, high efficiency and the like. Because the inherent characteristics of the permanent magnet lead the air gap field of the motor to be constant and difficult to adjust, the speed regulation range of the motor is narrow, and the application of the permanent magnet in the fields of constant voltage power generation and wide range speed regulation driving is limited, thereby realizing the effective adjustment of the air gap field in the permanent magnet flux switching motor and becoming a research hotspot of scholars at home and abroad.
In 2001, the german scholars Vlado Ostovic proposed the concept of a memory motor, which is also called a variable magnetic flux motor, wherein the magnetization state of a permanent magnet can be adjusted on line through direct current magnetization current or direct axis armature current according to load and rotating speed, so that an air gap magnetic field is adjusted, and the motor can run efficiently. The magnetization state of the permanent magnet can be changed by applying short pulse current due to the characteristics of the adopted permanent magnet material, so that the adjustment of an air gap magnetic field is facilitated.
In the stator permanent magnet type axial magnetic field flux switching motor, the permanent magnet is positioned in the stator, so that the area of an armature winding slot is seriously extruded, a magnetic circuit of a stator tooth part is seriously saturated, the copper loss of a motor winding and the iron loss of the stator are sharply increased, the torque capacity of the motor in an overload state is weakened, the motor is seriously heated integrally, and the service life and the reliability of the motor are adversely affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rotor permanent magnet type double-stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet flux switching motor, which solves the problems of high electric excitation loss, poor overload capacity, low heat dissipation efficiency and the like of a stator permanent magnet type hybrid excitation motor in the prior art.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a rotor permanent magnet type double-stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet flux switching motor comprises a first stator, a second stator and a rotor, wherein the first stator and the second stator are coaxially installed, the rotor is positioned between the two stators, an air gap is reserved between the two stators, and a permanent magnet is arranged on the rotor; the first stator, the second stator and the rotor are of salient pole topological structures, and the first stator and the second stator are symmetrically arranged relative to the rotor;
the first stator and the second stator comprise stator magnetic conductive iron cores and armature windings; the rotor includes rotor teeth and a field regulating winding.
Further: the magnetic conduction iron cores (5) in the first stator (1) and the second stator (3) are uniformly arranged to form a circular ring shape; the upper rotor teeth (6) on the rotor (2) are uniformly arranged to form a circular ring shape, and gaps exist between the adjacent rotor teeth (6).
Further: the number of the magnetic conduction iron cores (5) on the first stator (1) and the second stator (3) is 6n, the number of the rotor teeth (6) on the rotor (2) is 12 +/-k, and k and n are positive integers.
Further: the rotor teeth (6) comprise a first rotor pole (6-1) and a second rotor pole (6-2); each rotor tooth (6) is provided with a permanent magnet and the permanent magnet is arranged between the first rotor pole (6-1) and the second rotor pole (6-2).
Further: the permanent magnets comprise a high-coercivity permanent magnet (9) and a low-coercivity permanent magnet (8); the high-coercivity permanent magnet (9) is close to the second rotor pole (6-2), the low-coercivity permanent magnet (8) is close to the first rotor pole (6-1), the high-coercivity permanent magnet (9) and the low-coercivity permanent magnet (8) are magnetized in the tangential direction, the magnetizing directions of the high-coercivity permanent magnets (9) on adjacent rotor teeth (6) are opposite, and the initial magnetizing direction of the low-coercivity permanent magnet (8) is the same as the magnetizing direction of the high-coercivity permanent magnets (9) on the same rotor tooth (6).
Further: the stator magnetic core (5) comprises a first stator tooth (5-1), a third stator tooth (5-3), a second stator tooth (5-2) positioned between the first stator tooth (5-1) and the third stator tooth (5-3) and a stator yoke part (5-4) used for connecting the three stator teeth together, and parallel stator slots (5-5) are arranged between the second stator tooth (5-2) and the first stator tooth (5-1) and the third stator tooth (5-3) on two sides.
Further: the stator magnetic conductive iron core (5) is formed by laminating and pressing silicon steel sheets.
Further: first rotor utmost point (6-1) and second rotor utmost point (6-2) are folded by the silicon steel sheet and are pressed and make, high coercivity permanent magnet (9) adopt the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, low coercivity permanent magnet (8) adopt alnico permanent magnet or samarium cobalt permanent magnet.
Further: the armature winding (4) is wound at the root of the second stator tooth (5-2) of each stator magnetic conductive iron core (5) respectively.
Further: the magnetic regulating windings (7) are wound on first rotor poles (6-1) of the rotor teeth (6), two magnetic regulating windings (7) are wound on each first rotor pole (6-1), and the two magnetic regulating windings (7) are respectively positioned on two sides of the low-coercivity permanent magnet (8).
Compared with the prior art, the rotor permanent magnet type double-stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet flux switching motor has the following advantages:
1. the permanent magnet is arranged on the rotor, so that the torque density and the power density are improved, the torque capacity of the motor in an overload state is enhanced, and the cogging torque of the motor is reduced;
2. the motor is provided with a magnetic regulating winding independently, the magnetization state of the low coercive force permanent magnet is changed by applying direct current magnetization pulse, and the air gap magnetic field is regulated.
3. The high-coercivity and low-coercivity permanent magnet is adopted for mixed excitation, the air gap magnetic field is continuously adjustable while the motor can keep high power density, and the motor has a large operation range and high efficiency.
4. The magnetization state of the low-coercivity permanent magnet is changed by applying the magnetization pulse, and the permanent magnet maintains the magnetization state after the pulse is ended, so that pricking current does not need to be continuously applied, and the magnetic regulation loss is greatly reduced.
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor permanent magnet type double-stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet flux switching motor.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor of the rotor permanent magnet type double-stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet flux switching motor.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a stator core of a rotor permanent magnet type double-stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet flux switching motor according to the invention.
FIG. 4 shows that the rotor angle of the rotor permanent magnet type double-stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet flux switching motor of the invention is alpha1Time permanent magnetic flux path diagram.
FIG. 5 shows that the rotor angle of the rotor permanent magnet type double-stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet flux switching motor of the invention is alpha2Time permanent magnetic flux path diagram.
Fig. 6 is a magnetic flux operation schematic diagram of the rotor permanent magnet type double-stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet magnetic flux switching motor in the forward magnetization process.
Fig. 7 is a flux operation schematic diagram of the rotor permanent magnet type double-stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet flux switching motor of the invention when magnetized in the reverse direction.
In the figure, 1, a first stator, 2, a rotor, 3, a second stator, 4, an armature winding, 5, a stator magnetic core, 5-1, a first stator tooth, 5-2, a second stator tooth, 5-3, a third stator tooth, 5-4, a stator slot, 5-5, a stator yoke, 6, a rotor tooth, 6-1, a first rotor pole, 6-2, a second rotor pole, 7, a magnetic regulating winding, 8, a low coercive force permanent magnet, 9, a high coercive force permanent magnet, 10, a low coercive force permanent magnet initial magnetizing direction, 11, a high coercive force permanent magnet initial magnetizing direction and 12, the rotor angle is alpha1Permanent magnet flux path, 13. rotor angle alpha2A time permanent magnetic flux path, 14, a direct current magnetization flux path in forward magnetization, 15, a permanent magnetic flux path in forward magnetization, 16, a direct current magnetization flux path in reverse magnetization, and 17, a permanent magnetic flux path in reverse magnetization.
Detailed Description
With reference to fig. 1, a rotor permanent magnet type double-stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet flux switching motor includes a first stator 1, a second stator 3, and a rotor 2, which is coaxially installed and located between the two stators and has an air gap between the two stators; the permanent magnet is arranged on the rotor, the first stator 1, the second stator 3 and the rotor 2 are all in a salient pole topological structure, and the first stator 1 and the second stator 3 are symmetrically arranged relative to the rotor 2; the first stator 1 and the second stator 3 both comprise a stator magnetic conducting iron core 5 and an armature winding 4; the rotor 2 comprises rotor teeth 6 and a field regulating winding 7.
The number of the magnetic conduction iron cores 5 on the first stator 1 and the second stator 3 is 6n, the magnetic conduction iron cores 5 in the first stator 1 and the second stator 3 are uniformly arranged into a ring shape, the number of the rotor teeth 6 on the rotor 2 is (12 +/-k) n, the rotor teeth 6 on the rotor 2 are uniformly arranged into a ring shape, and a gap exists between every two adjacent rotor teeth 6; wherein k and n are positive integers.
Referring to fig. 2, the rotor teeth 6 are composed of a first rotor pole 6-1 and a second rotor pole 6-2, the rotor teeth 6 have a symmetrical structure, and the cross-sectional areas of the first rotor pole 6-1 and the second rotor pole 6-2 are the same. The permanent magnets comprise high-coercivity permanent magnets 9 and low-coercivity permanent magnets 8, the high-coercivity permanent magnets 9 and the low-coercivity permanent magnets 8 are arranged between a first rotor pole 6-1 and a second rotor pole 6-2, the high-coercivity permanent magnets 9 are close to the second rotor pole 6-2 and fixed on the second rotor pole 6-2, the low-coercivity permanent magnets 8 are close to the first rotor pole 6-1 and fixed on the first rotor pole 6-1, the high-coercivity permanent magnets 9 and the low-coercivity permanent magnets 8 are magnetized in the tangential direction, the magnetizing directions of the adjacent high-coercivity permanent magnets 9 are opposite, and the initial magnetizing direction of the low-coercivity permanent magnets 8 is the same as the magnetizing direction of the high-coercivity permanent magnets 9 on the same rotor tooth.
Referring to fig. 3, the stator magnetic core 5 includes a first stator tooth 5-1, a third stator tooth 5-3, a second stator tooth 5-2 located between the first stator tooth 5-1 and the third stator tooth 5-3, and a stator yoke 5-4 for connecting the three stator teeth together, the stator yoke 5-4 is fixedly connected with the first stator tooth 5-1, the second stator tooth 5-2, the third stator tooth 5-3, and a stator slot 5-5 is provided between the second stator tooth 5-2 and the first stator tooth 5-1 and the third stator tooth 5-3 on both sides.
The armature winding 4 is respectively wound at the root of the second stator tooth 5-2 of each stator magnetic conductive iron core 5, that is, the second stator tooth 5-2 is close to the stator yoke part 5-4. The magnetic regulating windings 7 are wound on first rotor poles 6-1 of the rotor teeth 6, two magnetic regulating windings 7 are wound on each first rotor pole 6-1, and the two magnetic regulating windings 7 are respectively positioned on two sides of the low-coercivity permanent magnet 8.
The stator magnetic conductive iron core 5, the first rotor pole 6-1 and the second rotor pole 6-2 are formed by silicon steel sheets in an overlying mode, the high-coercivity permanent magnet 9 is an NdFeB permanent magnet, and the low-coercivity permanent magnet 8 is an AlNiCo permanent magnet or a samarium cobalt permanent magnet.
The working operation principle of the motor is as follows: firstly, introducing a magnetic flux switching principle, wherein the initial magnetizing direction of the low-coercivity permanent magnet and the initial magnetizing direction of the high-coercivity permanent magnet are marked in fig. 4 to 7; rotor angle of alpha1The permanent magnetic flux path 12 is shown in fig. 4, and is described by taking phase a as an example, where the winding a1 is the armature winding 4 on the first stator 1, and the winding a2 is the armature winding 4 on the second stator 3; according to the principle of minimum magnetic resistance, permanent magnetic flux penetrates into windings A1 and A2 in the direction of an arrow; rotor angle of alpha1The permanent magnetic flux path 13 is shown in fig. 5, with the flux exiting the a1, a2 windings in the direction of the arrows. The permanent magnetic fluxes of the A1 and A2 winding coils at the two positions have the same value and opposite polarity, and when the rotor teeth 6 continuously rotate, the permanent magnetic fluxes of the A1 and A2 winding coils periodically change between positive and negative amplitudes, and correspondingly generate induced electromotive force with the amplitudes and phases alternately changing.
And then, introducing a mixed permanent magnet principle of the motor, wherein the mixed permanent magnet motor is related to the characteristics of the adopted permanent magnet material, the low-coercivity permanent magnet 8 can be positively magnetized and negatively magnetized by applying pulse current to the magnetic regulating winding 7, and the permanent magnet can always keep the magnetized state after the demagnetization pulse is removed. When the motor normally operates, the magnetizing direction of the low-coercivity permanent magnet 8 is consistent with the magnetizing direction of the high-coercivity permanent magnet 9 on the same rotor tooth 6, in fig. 6, a dotted line shows a direct-current magnetization magnetic flux path 14 during forward magnetization, a solid line shows a permanent-magnet magnetic flux path 15 during forward magnetization, and when a forward pulse magnetization current is applied to completely magnetize the low-coercivity permanent magnet 8, a maximum air gap magnetic field can be obtained; when the motor is in light load or high-speed rotation, the air gap magnetic field needs to be reduced, the low-coercivity permanent magnet 8 can be reversely magnetized, in fig. 7, a dotted line represents a direct-current magnetized magnetic flux path 16 during reverse magnetization, a solid line represents a permanent-magnet magnetic flux path 17 during reverse magnetization, and pulse current in the direction shown in the figure is applied to reversely magnetize the low-coercivity permanent magnet 8 to generate reverse magnetic flux to counteract the magnetic flux generated by the high-coercivity permanent magnet 9. Based on the permanent magnetic properties of the low coercive force permanent magnet 8, the permanent magnet can maintain its magnetized state after the dc magnetization pulse is removed, so as to maintain the permanent magnetic flux required by the above-mentioned motor. Therefore, the motor can continuously adjust the magnetization state of the permanent magnet through direct current magnetization current pulses according to the load and the rotating speed, and change the air gap magnetic field; the hybrid permanent magnet motor can keep high output power in a large speed range and has high efficiency.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种转子永磁型双定子轴向磁场混合永磁磁通切换电机,其特征在于:包括同轴安装的第一定子(1)、第二定子(3)和位于两个定子之间且与定子之间留有气隙的转子(2),转子(2)上设置有永磁体;第一定子(1)、第二定子(3)与转子(2)均为凸极拓扑结构,第一定子(1)与第二定子(3)相对于转子(2)对称设置;1. A rotor permanent magnet type double stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnetic flux switching motor is characterized in that: comprising a coaxially installed first stator (1), a second stator (3) and a motor located between the two stators. A rotor (2) with an air gap left between it and the stator, and a permanent magnet is arranged on the rotor (2); the first stator (1), the second stator (3) and the rotor (2) are all salient pole topology structure, the first stator (1) and the second stator (3) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the rotor (2); 所述第一定子(1)、第二定子(3)都包括定子导磁铁芯(5)和电枢绕组(4);所述转子(2)包括转子齿(6)和调磁绕组(7)。The first stator (1) and the second stator (3) both include a stator magnetic core (5) and an armature winding (4); the rotor (2) includes rotor teeth (6) and a magnetic control winding ( 7). 2.如权利要求1所述一种转子永磁型双定子轴向磁场混合永磁磁通切换电机,其特征在于:第一定子(1)和第二定子(3)中的导磁铁芯(5)都均匀布置形成圆环形;转子(2)上上转子齿(6)均匀布置形成圆环形,相邻转子齿(6)之间存在间隙。2. A rotor permanent magnet type double stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet flux switching motor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the conductive magnetic cores in the first stator (1) and the second stator (3) (5) All are uniformly arranged to form a circular ring; the upper rotor teeth (6) on the rotor (2) are uniformly arranged to form a circular ring, and there is a gap between adjacent rotor teeth (6). 3.如权利要求1所述一种转子永磁型双定子轴向磁场混合永磁磁通切换电机,其特征在于:所述第一定子(1)与第二定子(3)上的导磁铁芯(5)数量都为6n个,转子(2)上所述转子齿(6)数量为(12±k)n个,其中k,n为正整数。3. A rotor permanent magnet type double stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet flux switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the conductors on the first stator (1) and the second stator (3) The number of magnet cores (5) is 6n, and the number of rotor teeth (6) on the rotor (2) is (12±k)n, where k and n are positive integers. 4.如权利要求1所述一种转子永磁型双定子轴向磁场混合永磁磁通切换电机,其特征在于:所述转子齿(6)包括第一转子极(6-1)和第二转子极(6-2);每一个转子齿(6)上都设置有一永磁体且永磁体设置在第一转子极(6-1)和第二转子极(6-2)之间。4. A rotor permanent magnet type double stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet flux switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotor teeth (6) comprise a first rotor pole (6-1) and a second rotor Two rotor poles (6-2); a permanent magnet is arranged on each rotor tooth (6) and the permanent magnet is arranged between the first rotor pole (6-1) and the second rotor pole (6-2). 5.如权利要求4所述一种转子永磁型双定子轴向磁场混合永磁磁通切换电机,其特征在于:永磁体包括高矫顽力永磁体(9)和低矫顽力永磁体(8);所述高矫顽力永磁体(9)靠近第二转子极(6-2),所述低矫顽力永磁体(8)靠近第一转子极(6-1),所述高矫顽力永磁体(9)和低矫顽力永磁体(8)沿切向充磁,相邻转子齿(6)上的高矫顽力永磁体(9)充磁方向相反,低矫顽力永磁体(8)初始充磁方向与同一转子齿(6)上高矫顽力永磁体(9)充磁方向相同。5. A rotor permanent magnet type dual stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet flux switching motor as claimed in claim 4, wherein the permanent magnet comprises a high coercivity permanent magnet (9) and a low coercivity permanent magnet (8); the high coercivity permanent magnet (9) is close to the second rotor pole (6-2), the low coercivity permanent magnet (8) is close to the first rotor pole (6-1), the The high-coercivity permanent magnets (9) and the low-coercivity permanent magnets (8) are magnetized in the tangential direction, and the high-coercivity permanent magnets (9) on the adjacent rotor teeth (6) are magnetized in opposite directions, and the low-coercivity permanent magnets (9) are magnetized in opposite directions. The initial magnetization direction of the coercive force permanent magnet (8) is the same as the magnetization direction of the high coercivity permanent magnet (9) on the same rotor tooth (6). 6.如权利要求1所述一种转子永磁型双定子轴向磁场混合永磁磁通切换电机,其特征在于:所述定子导磁铁芯(5)包括第一定子齿(5-1)、第三定子齿(5-3)、位第一定子齿(5-1)和第三定子齿(5-3)中间的第二定子齿(5-2)以及用于将三个定子齿连接在一起的定子轭部(5-4),第二定子齿(5-2)与两侧的第一定子齿(5-1)、第三定子齿(5-3)之间设置平行定子槽(5-5)。6. A rotor permanent magnet type double stator axial magnetic field hybrid permanent magnet flux switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stator conductive magnet core (5) comprises first stator teeth (5-1 ), the third stator tooth (5-3), the second stator tooth (5-2) located between the first stator tooth (5-1) and the third stator tooth (5-3), and a second stator tooth (5-2) for connecting the three The stator yoke (5-4) with the stator teeth connected together, between the second stator teeth (5-2) and the first stator teeth (5-1) and the third stator teeth (5-3) on both sides Set parallel stator slots (5-5). 7.如权利要求1所述一种转子永磁型双定子轴向磁场混合励磁磁通切换电机,其特征在于:所述定子导磁铁芯(5)由硅钢片叠压制成。7 . The rotor permanent magnet type dual stator axial magnetic field hybrid excitation flux switching motor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the stator core ( 5 ) is made of laminated silicon steel sheets. 8 . 8.如权利要求5所述一种转子永磁型双定子轴向磁场混合励磁磁通切换电机,其特征在于:所述第一转子极(6-1)与第二转子极(6-2)由硅钢片叠压制成,所述高矫顽力永磁体(9)采用钕铁硼永磁体,所述低矫顽力永磁体(8)采用铝镍钴永磁体或钐钴永磁体。The rotor permanent magnet type double stator axial magnetic field hybrid excitation flux switching motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: the first rotor pole (6-1) and the second rotor pole (6-2) ) is made by laminating silicon steel sheets, the high coercivity permanent magnet (9) adopts NdFeB permanent magnet, and the low coercivity permanent magnet (8) adopts AlNiCo permanent magnet or Samarium Cobalt permanent magnet. 9.如权利要求6所述一种转子永磁型双定子轴向磁场混合励磁磁通切换电机,其特征在于:所述电枢绕组(4)分别绕制于每个所述定子导磁铁芯(5)的第二定子齿(5-2)根部。9 . The rotor permanent magnet type double stator axial magnetic field hybrid excitation flux switching motor according to claim 6 , wherein the armature windings ( 4 ) are respectively wound around each of the stator cores. 10 . (5) at the root of the second stator tooth (5-2). 10.如权利要求5所述一种转子永磁型双定子轴向磁场混合励磁磁通切换电机,其特征在于:所述调磁绕组(7)绕制在转子齿(6)的第一转子极(6-1)上,每一个第一转子极(6-1)上都绕制有两个调磁绕组(7),两个调磁绕组(7)分别位于低矫顽力永磁体(8)两侧。10. A rotor permanent magnet type double stator axial magnetic field hybrid excitation flux switching motor as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the magnetic control winding (7) is wound around the first rotor of the rotor teeth (6) On the poles (6-1), each first rotor pole (6-1) is wound with two field-adjusting windings (7), and the two field-adjusting windings (7) are respectively located on the low-coercivity permanent magnets ( 8) Both sides.
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