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CN112467768A - Scheduling method and device of battery pack - Google Patents

Scheduling method and device of battery pack Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112467768A
CN112467768A CN202011290419.7A CN202011290419A CN112467768A CN 112467768 A CN112467768 A CN 112467768A CN 202011290419 A CN202011290419 A CN 202011290419A CN 112467768 A CN112467768 A CN 112467768A
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battery pack
battery
charge
aging value
aging
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王舒
杨帆
张利
白小会
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Beijing Electric Power Co Ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Beijing Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Beijing Electric Power Co Ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Beijing Electric Power Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202011290419.7A priority Critical patent/CN112467768A/en
Publication of CN112467768A publication Critical patent/CN112467768A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
    • G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
    • G06Q10/0631—Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
    • G06Q10/06312—Adjustment or analysis of established resource schedule, e.g. resource or task levelling, or dynamic rescheduling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/005—Detection of state of health [SOH]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • H02J7/007194—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/04—Ageing analysis or optimisation against ageing

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种电池组的调度方法和装置。其中，该方法应用于储能电站中，储能电站包括多个电池组，该方法包括：获取每个电池组对应的电池状态信息；根据电池状态信息确定储能电站内所有电池组的总老化值，其中，总老化值表征了储能电站内所有电池组的老化程度；获取每个电池组在总老化值最小时的充放电功率；根据每个电池组的充放电功率对待分配功率进行分配。本发明解决了相关技术中，在对电池组进行调度时由于未考虑电池老化的影响，导致电池组充放电性能差的技术问题。

Figure 202011290419

The invention discloses a scheduling method and device for a battery pack. Wherein, the method is applied to an energy storage power station, and the energy storage power station includes a plurality of battery packs. The method includes: acquiring battery status information corresponding to each battery pack; determining the total aging of all battery packs in the energy storage power station according to the battery status information The total aging value represents the aging degree of all battery packs in the energy storage power station; obtain the charge and discharge power of each battery pack when the total aging value is the smallest; allocate the power to be allocated according to the charge and discharge power of each battery pack . The present invention solves the technical problem of poor charging and discharging performance of the battery pack due to not considering the influence of battery aging when scheduling the battery pack in the related art.

Figure 202011290419

Description

Scheduling method and device of battery pack
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of resource scheduling, in particular to a scheduling method and device of a battery pack.
Background
In the prior art, an energy storage Power station on a large Power grid side usually includes a plurality of energy storage Battery containers and corresponding branches, and each branch is composed of a Power Conversion System (PCS), a Battery Management System (BMS), and a Battery container (Battery box for short). After the energy storage power station receives scheduling instructions such as a power grid frequency modulation instruction, a peak shaving instruction and the like, each branch can become an independently adjustable energy storage unit. Taking the scheduling of the energy storage power station shown in fig. 1 as an example, the power grid scheduling center will demand power (e.g., P in fig. 1)total) The power value is sent to an energy storage power station control center or a power dispatching center, then the energy storage power station control center or the power dispatching center calculates according to a reasonable distribution principle, and the power value obtained by calculation is sent to each energy storage branch and the corresponding energy storage current transformer and battery box (such as P in figure 1)1,Pk,Pk+1，…,
Figure BDA0002783629170000011
) The method meets the requirement of the total dispatching power of the power grid dispatching center and achieves the aim of optimizing operation of the energy storage power station.
Due to the quality difference of the batteries in the production and manufacturing processes and the influence of the operation condition difference after the batteries are put into operation, the battery packs contained in different battery boxes in the energy storage power station can show performance difference after long-time operation. The battery packs in the large-scale energy storage power station are up to dozens of battery packs, and a power sharing strategy is usually used in the prior art, so that the charging and discharging states and the charging and discharging powers of each battery pack are kept consistent.
However, when the average distribution strategy is used, under the constraint of the maximum and minimum battery capacities in all the battery packs, the total power is uniformly distributed to each battery pack according to the power grid charging and discharging dispatching instruction received by the energy storage power station, so that each battery pack completes charging and discharging of the uniformly distributed power share. Under the strategy, under the influence of the charging and discharging efficiency of different battery packs, through the accumulation of multiple times of charging and discharging, the charge states of different battery packs are different, the calculation constraint value of the average charging and discharging instruction is increased, the electric quantity of the battery cannot be fully utilized, and therefore the power grid charging and discharging scheduling task cannot be completed.
When an SOC (State of Charge) balancing strategy is used, the SOC values of all the battery packs are balanced through uneven Charge-discharge power distribution. However, in the scheduling process of the battery pack, the SOC balancing strategy does not consider the influence of frequent charging and discharging switching of the battery on the aging of the energy storage battery, shortens the service life of the battery pack, and increases the operation cost of a power station.
In view of the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a scheduling method and a scheduling device of a battery pack, which are used for at least solving the technical problem that the charging and discharging performance of the battery pack is poor due to the fact that the influence of battery aging is not considered when the battery pack is scheduled in the related technology.
According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a battery scheduling method, applied to an energy storage power station, where the energy storage power station includes a plurality of battery packs, and includes: acquiring battery state information corresponding to each battery pack; determining the total aging value of all battery packs in the energy storage power station according to the battery state information, wherein the total aging value represents the aging degree of all battery packs in the energy storage power station; acquiring the charge and discharge power of each battery pack when the total aging value is minimum; and distributing the power to be distributed according to the charge and discharge power of each battery pack.
Further, the battery state information includes at least: the charge information of the battery pack, the temperature information of the battery pack and the charge and discharge switching times of the battery pack.
Further, the scheduling method of the battery pack further comprises the following steps: obtaining a first aging value and a second aging value according to the charge information of the battery pack and the temperature information of the battery pack, wherein the first aging value represents that the attenuation of the battery capacity of the battery pack is positively correlated with time, and the second aging value represents that the attenuation of the battery capacity of the battery pack is positively correlated with the charge-discharge cycle of the battery pack; obtaining a third aging value according to the charging and discharging switching times of the battery pack, wherein the third aging value represents that the attenuation of the battery capacity of the battery pack is positively correlated with the charging and discharging switching times of the battery pack; and obtaining a total aging value according to the first aging value, the second aging value and the third aging value.
Further, the charge information of the battery pack at least includes: the change rate of the discharge depth and the charge capacity, and the scheduling method of the battery pack further comprises the following steps: obtaining a first aging value according to the change rate of the charge capacity and the temperature information of the battery pack; and obtaining a second aging value according to the change rate of the charge capacity, the discharge depth and the temperature information of the battery pack.
Further, the scheduling method of the battery pack further comprises the following steps: acquiring a temperature change value, wherein the temperature change value is a change value of the environment temperature in the environment corresponding to each battery pack within preset time; acquiring the refrigeration power of an air conditioning system, the specific heat capacity of each battery pack and the total heat generated by each battery pack in the charging and discharging process; calculating the difference value of the total heat generated by each battery pack in the charging and discharging process and the refrigerating power of the air conditioning system to obtain a first difference value; and obtaining the temperature information of the battery pack according to the first difference, the temperature change value and the specific heat capacity.
Further, the scheduling method of the battery pack further comprises the following steps: and acquiring the rated capacity of the battery pack and the current capacity of the battery pack, and determining the change rate of the charge capacity.
Further, the scheduling method of the battery pack further comprises the following steps: the depth of discharge is obtained from the rate of change of the charge capacity.
Further, the scheduling method of the battery pack further comprises the following steps: determining a switching state of the battery pack according to the state of the battery pack, wherein the state of the battery pack at least comprises: a charging state, a standby state and a discharging state, the switching state at least comprising: completing the switching and not completing the switching; and counting the times of switching the battery pack according to the switching state of the battery pack to obtain the charging and discharging switching times of the battery pack.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a battery scheduling apparatus, which is applied to an energy storage power station, where the energy storage power station includes a plurality of battery packs, and includes: the first acquisition module is used for acquiring battery state information corresponding to each battery pack; the determining module is used for determining the total aging value of all battery packs in the energy storage power station according to the battery state information, wherein the total aging value represents the aging degree of all battery packs in the energy storage power station; the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the charging and discharging power of each battery pack when the total aging value is minimum; and the distribution module is used for distributing the power to be distributed according to the charge and discharge power of each battery pack.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the computer program to perform the scheduling method of the battery pack.
In the embodiment of the invention, the influence of battery aging on power distribution is considered in the process of scheduling the battery packs, after the battery state information corresponding to each battery pack is obtained, the total aging value of all the battery packs in the energy storage power station is determined according to the battery state information, then, the charging and discharging power of each battery pack when the total aging value is minimum is obtained, and the power to be distributed is distributed according to the charging and discharging power of each battery pack.
In the process, in the process of distributing the power to be distributed, the influence of battery aging is considered, and the optimal distribution of the power among the battery packs is realized by taking the minimum total aging degree of the energy storage station as an optimization target.
Therefore, the scheme provided by the application achieves the purpose of optimizing power distribution among the battery packs, so that the technical effect of improving the charging and discharging performance of the battery packs is achieved, and the technical problem that the charging and discharging performance of the battery packs is poor due to the fact that the influence of battery aging is not considered when the battery packs are scheduled in the related technology is solved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dispatch of an energy storage power plant according to the prior art;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a scheduling method of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a scheduling apparatus of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Example 1
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an embodiment of a scheduling method for a battery pack, it should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the figure may be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in an order different from that here.
In addition, it should be further noted that the scheduling scheme of the battery pack provided in this embodiment may be applied to an energy storage power station, where the energy storage power station includes a plurality of battery packs.
Optionally, fig. 2 is a flowchart of a scheduling method of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the method includes the following steps:
step S202, battery state information corresponding to each battery pack is acquired.
Optionally, the battery state information at least includes: the charge information of the battery pack, the temperature information of the battery pack and the charge and discharge switching times of the battery pack. Wherein the charge information of the battery pack characterizes the SOC of the battery pack, and the estimation model of the SOC of the battery pack can be represented by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002783629170000041
in the above formula, Qbc(t) and Qbc(t-at) represents the battery charge stored by the battery pack at times t and t-at,
Figure BDA0002783629170000051
and
Figure BDA0002783629170000052
represents the charge-discharge efficiency of the battery bc,
Figure BDA0002783629170000053
and
Figure BDA0002783629170000054
represents the charge/discharge power of the battery bc at time t. In the above formula, + denotes charge and-denotes discharge.
It should be noted that, by taking the temperature information and the charge/discharge switching frequency of the battery pack into consideration in scheduling of the battery pack, the influence of the temperature information and the charge/discharge switching frequency of the battery pack on power distribution can be avoided, and the charge/discharge performance of the battery pack is further improved.
And S204, determining the total aging value of all battery packs in the energy storage power station according to the battery state information, wherein the total aging value represents the aging degree of all battery packs in the energy storage power station.
It should be noted that, the power distribution strategy in the energy storage power station usually ignores the capacity attenuation between the battery packs and the battery aging difference, so that when the power distribution strategy in the energy storage power station distributes the power, the battery aging condition needs to be accurately measured and calculated, so as to better perform the operation and maintenance of the energy storage station.
In step S204, the present application builds an aging model for each battery pack to estimate the capacity fade of the battery, and as can be seen from step S204, the aging of the battery pack is obtained from the battery state information, that is, the aging model in the present application takes into account the charge information, the temperature information, the number of times of charge and discharge switching, and other factors of the battery pack.
Furthermore, the aging value of the battery pack represents the overall state of health of the battery pack, and therefore, in the present embodiment, the total aging value of all the battery packs can also be determined by the overall state of health indicator SOH of the battery pack, wherein SOH can satisfy the following formula:
Figure BDA0002783629170000055
in the above formula, SOHbc(t) represents a state of health indicator of the battery pack at time t,
Figure BDA0002783629170000056
represents the fade capacity of the battery pack, wherein,
Figure BDA0002783629170000057
can be represented by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002783629170000058
in the above-mentioned formula, the compound of formula,
Figure BDA0002783629170000059
representing the total aging value generated by all the battery packs at the time t.
In step S206, the charge and discharge power of each battery pack when the total aging value is minimum is acquired.
It should be noted that, after the total aging value of all the battery packs is calculated through step S204, the total aging value of all the battery packs in the station may be minimized by unevenly distributing the total charge and discharge power. Alternatively, the optimization model based on the total aging value of the battery pack may be represented by the following equation:
Figure BDA0002783629170000061
in the above formula,. DELTA.Etotal(t) represents the total aging value, Δ E, generated by all the battery packs at time ti(t) represents the aging value of the ith battery pack generated at time t.
And step S208, distributing the power to be distributed according to the charge and discharge power of each battery pack.
It should be noted that when the total aging value of all the battery packs is minimum, it is indicated that each battery pack can be fully charged and discharged, at this time, the power distribution among the battery packs is optimal, and the power to be distributed is distributed in an optimal power distribution manner, so that the charging and discharging performance of the energy storage power station can be improved.
In addition, it should be noted that the energy storage power station may obtain the power to be distributed from the power station scheduling command. The energy storage power station on the grid side may generally receive two types of power station dispatching commands, which generally include power input and output requirements for the energy storage power station, for example, an AGC (Automatic Generation Control) frequency modulation command is in the minute level, and a peak shaving command is in the hour level. Preferably, in this embodiment, the grid-side energy storage plant determines the charge and discharge share of power from the received plant scheduling instruction, that is, the input condition calculated by the energy storage plant battery scheduling policy, that is, the power to be allocated.
Based on the schemes defined in the above steps S202 to S208, it can be known that, in the process of scheduling the battery packs, the influence of battery aging on power distribution is considered, after the battery state information corresponding to each battery pack is obtained, the total aging value of all the battery packs in the energy storage power station is determined according to the battery state information, then, the charge and discharge power of each battery pack when the total aging value is minimum is obtained, and the power to be distributed is distributed according to the charge and discharge power of each battery pack.
It is easy to notice that in the present application, in the process of allocating the power to be allocated, the influence of battery aging is considered, and the optimal allocation of power among the battery packs is achieved with the minimum total aging degree of the energy storage station as the optimization target.
Therefore, the scheme provided by the application achieves the purpose of optimizing power distribution among the battery packs, so that the technical effect of improving the charging and discharging performance of the battery packs is achieved, and the technical problem that the charging and discharging performance of the battery packs is poor due to the fact that the influence of battery aging is not considered when the battery packs are scheduled in the related technology is solved.
In an optional embodiment, after the battery state information of the battery pack is acquired, the energy storage power station determines a total aging value of all battery packs in the energy storage power station according to the battery state information. Specifically, a first aging value and a second aging value are obtained according to the charge information of the battery pack and the temperature information of the battery pack, a third aging value is obtained according to the charge-discharge switching frequency of the battery pack, and a total aging value is obtained according to the first aging value, the second aging value and the third aging value. The first aging value represents that the attenuation of the battery capacity of the battery pack is positively correlated with time, the second aging value represents that the attenuation of the battery capacity of the battery pack is positively correlated with the charge-discharge period of the battery pack, and the third aging value represents that the attenuation of the battery capacity of the battery pack is positively correlated with the charge-discharge switching frequency of the battery pack.
That is, the total aging value may satisfy the following equation:
Figure BDA0002783629170000071
wherein, Delta Ei(t) represents the aging value of the ith battery pack generated at time t.
Wherein the aging value Delta E generated by a certain battery pack at the time tbc(t) satisfies the following formula:
ΔEbc(t)＝ΔEshelf+0.5ΔEcyc+ΔEtrans
in the above formula,. DELTA.EshelfDenotes a first aging value, Δ EcysDenotes a second aging value, Δ EtransRepresenting a third aging value. The first aging value is a calendar aging value which naturally decays along with time, the second aging value is a period aging value which decays along with a charge-discharge period, and the third aging value is an aging value generated due to discharge state switching.
Optionally, of the above formula,. DELTA.EtransCan be represented by the following formula:
ΔEtrans＝βCSTbc(t)
in an alternative embodiment, the charge information of the battery pack includes at least: the first aging value and the second aging value can be obtained according to the charge information of the battery pack and the temperature information of the battery pack. Specifically, a first aging value is obtained according to the change rate of the charge capacity and the temperature information of the battery pack; and obtaining a second aging value according to the change rate of the charge capacity, the discharge depth and the temperature information of the battery pack.
I.e. the first ageing value deltaeshelfSatisfies the following formula:
Figure BDA0002783629170000072
second aging value Delta EcysSatisfies the following formula:
Figure BDA0002783629170000073
optionally, the parameters in the above two formulas are as follows:
ts＝Δt
Ncyc＝1
Dcyc＝|DODbc(t)-DODbc(t-Δt)|
Tst＝Tav＝Tbc(t)
SOCst＝SOCav＝SOCbc(t)
in an alternative embodiment, the battery container typically contains a complete hvac system with 20% of redundant cooling power to ensure that the cell temperature of the battery is between 18 ° and 28 ℃. Meanwhile, the battery management system can also detect the temperature of each battery pack and each battery cell so as to ensure the consistency of the battery temperature, the running state and the aging degree of the battery pack.
Optionally, the energy storage power station first obtains a temperature change value, then obtains the refrigeration power of the air conditioning system, the specific heat capacity of each battery pack and the total heat generated by each battery pack in the charging and discharging process, calculates the difference value of the total heat generated by each battery pack in the charging and discharging process and the refrigeration power of the air conditioning system to obtain a first difference value, and finally obtains the temperature information of the battery pack according to the first difference value, the temperature change value and the specific heat capacity. The temperature change value is a change value of the ambient temperature in the environment corresponding to each battery pack within a preset time. Wherein the temperature information of the battery pack may satisfy the following equation:
Figure BDA0002783629170000081
in the above formula, Tbc(T) is the temperature of the battery bc at time T, Δ Tamb＝Tamb(t)-Tamb(t- Δ t) represents a change value of the ambient temperature in Δ t time, PHAVC，bc(t) represents the cooling power of the air conditioning system, Pheating，bc(t) represents the total heat quantity generated during the charge and discharge of the battery, Cth，bcRepresents the specific heat capacity of the battery pack.
It should be noted that the air conditioning system in the energy storage container usually ensures that the temperature difference between the module and the battery pack is less than 2 ℃, so the temperature difference in the battery container can be ignored, and the whole container is treated as a whole.
In an alternative embodiment, the rate of change of the charge capacity may be derived from the rated capacity of the battery pack and the current capacity of the battery pack. Specifically, the rated capacity of the battery pack and the current capacity of the battery pack are obtained, and the change rate of the charge capacity is determined. Wherein the rate of change of the charge capacity may be represented by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002783629170000082
when necessary, the SOC value of each battery bc is represented by the SOC in the equationbc(t) represents wherein Crated，bcIndicating the rated capacity of the battery pack, SOC → 1 and SOC → 0 indicate that the battery pack is fully charged and fully discharged, respectively.
In an alternative embodiment, after obtaining the rate of change of the charge capacity, the depth of discharge may be obtained according to the rate of change of the charge capacity. That is, the depth of discharge can be represented by the following equation:
DODbc(t)＝1-SOCbc(t)
it should be noted that the depth of discharge DOD of each battery represents the percentage of the discharged capacity to the rated capacity.
In an alternative embodiment, frequent charge and discharge state switching will result in excessive loss, reduce battery life, and increase operating costs, and therefore, the total charge and discharge switching times need to be counted, wherein the charge and discharge switching times of the battery pack can be determined according to the state of the battery pack. Specifically, the switching state of the battery pack is determined according to the state of the battery pack, and the number of times that the battery pack is switched is counted according to the switching state of the battery pack, so as to obtain the number of times that the battery pack is switched for charging and discharging, wherein the state of the battery pack at least comprises: a charging state, a standby state and a discharging state, the switching state at least comprising: complete handover and incomplete handover.
The number of times of charge/discharge switching N of the battery pack is described abovetrans，bc(t) can be determined by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002783629170000091
Figure BDA0002783629170000092
Figure BDA0002783629170000093
statebc(t)·stateBESS(t)≠-1
in the above formula, CSTbc(t) indicates whether the battery bc completes the switching in the charge and discharge state, wherein CSTbc(t) ═ 1 indicates that there is a switch, i.e., the battery pack is in a state of completing the switch; CST (continuous stirred tank reactor)bcAnd (t) ═ 0 indicates that there is no switching, i.e., the battery pack is in an incomplete switching state. Statebc(t) represents the state of the battery pack, wherein statebc(t) — 1 indicates that the battery pack is in a charged state, statebc(t) — 0 indicates that the battery pack is in a standby state, statebc(t) — 1 indicates that the battery pack is in a discharge state.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid reducing the overall operating efficiency of the energy storage power station, the operating state of a single battery pack cannot deviate from the charging and discharging state of the entire energy storage power station.
The following description takes a case of a 30MW/30MWH energy storage power station as an example, 6 scenes are designed in the case analysis, and the simulation case considers that different battery packs in the energy storage power station are in different initial SOC states, different initial aging states and different charging and discharging efficiencies so as to obtain an operation result generated by adopting the three optimization scheduling strategies. The scenario case settings are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002783629170000101
It should be noted that table 1 contains simulation cases of different power distribution strategies and energy storage plant parameters, wherein the basic case BC uses the existing power sharing method, and all battery packs have the same SoC (t;)0) 0.5, and the same charge-discharge efficiency of 90%. Case Sc-1,2,3 uses three different power scheduling strategies and considers three different initial SOC values for the battery packs 1-5,6-10,11-15, where SOC1-5(t0)＝0.3，SoC6-10(t0)＝0.5，SoC11-15(t0) 0.7. In cases Sc-4,5,6, the batteries 1-5,6-10,11-15 respectively consider three different charge-discharge efficiencies of 89.5%, 90%, 90.5%, etach1-5＝ηdisch1-5＝89.5％，ηch6-10＝ηdisch6-10＝90％，ηch11-15＝ηdisch11-1590.5%. The cases can be compared to study the difference and the corresponding influence of different power scheduling strategies under different initial SOCs and different internal parameters (such as charge-discharge efficiency).
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0002783629170000102
It should be noted that table 2 is a summary table of simulation results, and as can be seen from table 2, the simulation results show that the battery aging minimization strategy and the SOC equalization strategy help the battery pack to achieve more balanced SOC values under different intrinsic parameters, such as the initial SOC difference of Sc-1-3 and the charge-discharge efficiency difference of Sc-4-6. Compared with an SOC balance strategy, the minimum aging strategy can help to reduce battery aging by about 15%, and meanwhile, the charging and discharging switching times of the battery are reduced by 3%, so that the power station operation and maintenance and battery replacement cost of the energy storage power station are obviously reduced. Therefore, the following three aspects are considered: aging cost, SOC balance and the ability to implement grid dispatching instructions, the strategy of minimum battery aging should be a better choice.
The method and the device introduce the consideration of battery aging into the battery pack scheduling strategy in the energy storage power station, optimize the charging and discharging scheduling strategy of the battery pack of the energy storage power station by taking the minimum aging of the battery pack as a target, and realize the optimal power distribution of different battery packs in the energy storage power station. The method takes the battery charge state and the maximum charging and discharging power as constraints, establishes a mathematical model of the correlation between the aging of the battery pack and the charge state, the operating temperature and the charging and discharging switching times, and takes the minimum total aging degree of the energy storage power station as an optimization target to realize the optimal distribution of the power among the battery boxes.
Example 2
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an embodiment of a scheduling apparatus for battery packs, where the apparatus is applied to an energy storage power station, the energy storage power station includes a plurality of battery packs, where fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the scheduling apparatus for battery packs according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the apparatus includes: a first acquisition module 301, a determination module 303, a second acquisition module 305, and an assignment module 307.
The first obtaining module 301 is configured to obtain battery state information corresponding to each battery pack; the determining module 303 is configured to determine a total aging value of all battery packs in the energy storage power station according to the battery state information, where the total aging value represents an aging degree of all battery packs in the energy storage power station; a second obtaining module 305, configured to obtain charge and discharge power of each battery pack when the total aging value is minimum; and a distribution module 307 for distributing power to be distributed according to the charge and discharge power of each battery pack.
It should be noted that the first acquiring module 301, the determining module 303, the second acquiring module 305, and the allocating module 307 correspond to steps S202 to S208 in the foregoing embodiment, and the four modules are the same as the corresponding steps in the implementation example and the application scenario, but are not limited to the disclosure in the foregoing embodiment.
Optionally, the battery state information at least includes: the charge information of the battery pack, the temperature information of the battery pack and the charge and discharge switching times of the battery pack.
Optionally, the determining module includes: the device comprises a first processing module, a second processing module and a third processing module. The first processing module is used for obtaining a first aging value and a second aging value according to the charge information of the battery pack and the temperature information of the battery pack, wherein the first aging value represents that the attenuation of the battery capacity of the battery pack is positively correlated with time, and the second aging value represents that the attenuation of the battery capacity of the battery pack is positively correlated with the charge-discharge cycle of the battery pack; the second processing module is used for obtaining a third aging value according to the charging and discharging switching times of the battery pack, wherein the third aging value represents that the attenuation of the battery capacity of the battery pack is positively correlated with the charging and discharging switching times of the battery pack; and the third processing module is used for obtaining a total aging value according to the first aging value, the second aging value and the third aging value.
Optionally, the charge information of the battery pack at least includes: the discharge depth and the change rate of the charge capacity, wherein the first processing module comprises: a fourth processing module and a fifth processing module. The fourth processing module is used for obtaining a first aging value according to the change rate of the charge capacity and the temperature information of the battery pack; and the fifth processing module is used for obtaining a second aging value according to the change rate of the charge capacity, the discharge depth and the temperature information of the battery pack.
Optionally, the first obtaining module includes: the device comprises a third acquisition module, a fourth acquisition module, a calculation module and a sixth processing module. The third obtaining module is used for obtaining a temperature change value, wherein the temperature change value is a change value of the environment temperature in the environment corresponding to each battery pack within a preset time; the fourth acquisition module is used for acquiring the refrigeration power of the air conditioning system, the specific heat capacity of each battery pack and the total heat generated by each battery pack in the charging and discharging processes; the calculation module is used for calculating the difference value of the total heat generated by each battery pack in the charging and discharging process and the refrigerating power of the air conditioning system to obtain a first difference value; and the sixth processing module is used for obtaining the temperature information of the battery pack according to the first difference value, the temperature change value and the specific heat capacity.
Optionally, the first obtaining module includes: and the fifth acquisition module is used for acquiring the rated capacity of the battery pack and the current capacity of the battery pack and determining the change rate of the charge capacity.
Optionally, the first obtaining module includes: and the seventh processing module is used for obtaining the discharge depth according to the change rate of the charge capacity.
Optionally, the first obtaining module includes: a determination submodule and an eighth processing module. The determining submodule is used for determining the switching state of the battery pack according to the state of the battery pack, wherein the state of the battery pack at least comprises: a charging state, a standby state and a discharging state, the switching state at least comprising: completing the switching and not completing the switching; and the eighth processing module is used for counting the times of switching completion of the battery pack according to the switching state of the battery pack to obtain the charging and discharging switching times of the battery pack.
Example 3
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the computer program to perform the scheduling method of the battery pack in embodiment 1.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technology can be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units may be a logical division, and in actual implementation, there may be another division, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, units or modules, and may be in an electrical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a removable hard disk, a magnetic or optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A scheduling method of battery packs is applied to an energy storage power station, wherein the energy storage power station comprises a plurality of battery packs, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring battery state information corresponding to each battery pack;
determining a total aging value of all battery packs in the energy storage power station according to the battery state information, wherein the total aging value represents the aging degree of all battery packs in the energy storage power station;
acquiring the charging and discharging power of each battery pack when the total aging value is minimum;
and distributing power to be distributed according to the charge and discharge power of each battery pack.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the battery status information comprises at least: the charge information of the battery pack, the temperature information of the battery pack and the charge and discharge switching times of the battery pack.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining a total aging value for all battery packs in the energy storage power station based on the battery status information comprises:
obtaining a first aging value and a second aging value according to the charge information of the battery pack and the temperature information of the battery pack, wherein the first aging value represents that the attenuation of the battery capacity of the battery pack is positively correlated with time, and the second aging value represents that the attenuation of the battery capacity of the battery pack is positively correlated with the charge-discharge cycle of the battery pack;
obtaining a third aging value according to the charging and discharging switching times of the battery pack, wherein the third aging value represents that the attenuation of the battery capacity of the battery pack is positively correlated with the charging and discharging switching times of the battery pack;
and obtaining the total aging value according to the first aging value, the second aging value and the third aging value.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the battery pack charge information comprises at least: the method comprises the following steps of obtaining a first aging value and a second aging value according to the charge information of the battery pack and the temperature information of the battery pack, wherein the change rates of the discharge depth and the charge capacity comprise:
obtaining the first aging value according to the change rate of the charge capacity and the temperature information of the battery pack;
and obtaining the second aging value according to the change rate of the charge capacity, the discharge depth and the temperature information of the battery pack.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein obtaining battery status information corresponding to each battery pack comprises:
acquiring a temperature change value, wherein the temperature change value is a change value of the environment temperature in the environment corresponding to each battery pack within a preset time;
acquiring the refrigeration power of an air conditioning system, the specific heat capacity of each battery pack and the total heat generated by each battery pack in the charging and discharging process;
calculating the difference value of the total heat generated by each battery pack in the charging and discharging process and the refrigerating power of the air conditioning system to obtain a first difference value;
and obtaining the temperature information of the battery pack according to the first difference, the temperature change value and the specific heat capacity.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein obtaining battery status information corresponding to each battery pack comprises:
and acquiring the rated capacity of the battery pack and the current capacity of the battery pack, and determining the change rate of the charge capacity.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein obtaining battery status information corresponding to each battery pack comprises:
and obtaining the discharge depth according to the change rate of the charge capacity.
8. The method of claim 3, wherein obtaining battery status information corresponding to each battery pack comprises:
determining a switching state of the battery pack according to the state of the battery pack, wherein the state of the battery pack at least comprises: a charging state, a standby state and a discharging state, the switching state at least comprising: completing the switching and not completing the switching;
and counting the number of times of switching the battery pack according to the switching state of the battery pack to obtain the number of times of switching charging and discharging of the battery pack.
9. A scheduling device of group battery is applied to in the energy storage power station, wherein, the energy storage power station includes a plurality of group batteries, its characterized in that includes:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring battery state information corresponding to each battery pack;
the determining module is used for determining a total aging value of all battery packs in the energy storage power station according to the battery state information, wherein the total aging value represents the aging degree of all battery packs in the energy storage power station;
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the charging and discharging power of each battery pack when the total aging value is minimum;
and the distribution module is used for distributing power to be distributed according to the charge and discharge power of each battery pack.
10. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory has stored therein a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the computer program to perform the scheduling method of the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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