CN112448136A

CN112448136A - Antenna and mobile terminal

Info

Publication number: CN112448136A
Application number: CN201910797722.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王咏超; 缑城; 徐鑫; 彭杰
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-08-27
Filing date: 2019-08-27
Publication date: 2021-03-05

Abstract

The application provides an antenna and a mobile terminal. The antenna comprises a radiation unit arranged on a mobile terminal shell and a feed network arranged in the mobile terminal, wherein a feed line of the feed network and the radiation unit are arranged oppositely, a gap between the feed line and the radiation unit comprises the mobile terminal shell, and the feed line is used for coupling feed to the radiation unit through a space electromagnetic coupling effect. The antenna bandwidth of this application is broad, and radiating element's the degree of freedom that sets up is higher.

Description

Antenna and mobile terminal

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of antennas, in particular to an antenna and a mobile terminal.

Background

With the continuous development of communication technology, fifth generation mobile communication (abbreviated as 5G) is being widely researched and applied, wherein millimeter wave antennas for communication using millimeter wave bands are increasingly applied to wireless mobile terminal devices.

Currently, the millimeter wave Antenna is generally in the form of a block-shaped independent Antenna, i.e. an Antenna-in-Package (AIP) type. Specifically, the millimeter wave antenna may be disposed inside the terminal device through a circuit board or the like, and occupy a certain space inside the terminal device. In addition, in order to make the millimeter wave antenna have sufficient performance, an antenna support may be disposed on the circuit board, and the millimeter wave antenna may be disposed on the antenna support, or the circuit board may have a thicker thickness, so that the antenna has a higher longitudinal height, and a wider antenna bandwidth is achieved.

However, if the longitudinal height of the millimeter wave antenna is too large, the size of the internal space of the terminal device is affected, which is disadvantageous to the thinning and miniaturization of the terminal device.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides an antenna and mobile terminal, the antenna has higher vertical height, and the structure sets up the degree of freedom higher.

In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna applied in a mobile terminal, the antenna includes a radiation unit and a feeding network, the radiation unit is disposed on a surface of a casing of a non-conductor of the mobile terminal, the feeding network is located inside the casing, the feeding network includes a feeding line, the feeding line and the radiation unit are oppositely disposed, a gap between the feeding line and the radiation unit includes the casing of the mobile terminal, and the feeding line and the radiation unit are coupled to feed. Therefore, when the inner space of the mobile terminal shell is small, the antenna still can have high longitudinal height; and the position of the radiation unit is not limited by the shape and size of the inner space of the shell, but can be freely arranged along with the structure or size of the shell, and the degree of freedom of arrangement is high.

As an alternative, the space between the feed network and the radiating element comprises a dielectric layer. The dielectric layer has a certain dielectric constant, so that when the feeder line performs coupling feeding to the radiating element through the dielectric layer, the efficiency and gain of the antenna can be improved to a certain extent.

Alternatively, the dielectric layer is an air layer. Air acts as a medium between the feed line and the radiating element and affects the performance parameters of the antenna, such as efficiency and gain.

As an alternative, the thickness of the dielectric layer is greater than or equal to 0.2mm and less than or equal to 1 mm. Therefore, the dielectric layer has a proper thickness, and the bandwidth of the antenna can be increased on the basis of ensuring the normal coupling feeding of the feed line to the radiation unit.

As an alternative, the radiation unit is located on the rear cover face of the housing. Because the rear cover surface of the shell has a larger available area, when the radiation unit is arranged on the rear cover surface of the shell, the arrangement position of the radiation unit is more flexible, and the size of the radiation unit is less limited.

Wherein the radiation unit may be located at an edge region of the rear cover face of the housing. On one hand, the radiation unit is shielded by the mobile terminal, so that the antenna can achieve better signal strength and performance; on the other hand, because the number of the elements arranged in the central area of the inner part of the shell of the mobile terminal is large, the radiation unit is arranged in the edge area of the rear cover surface of the shell, and the radiation unit can avoid other elements in the inner part of the mobile terminal, so that the structure of the radiation unit is less limited.

As an alternative, the radiating element comprises a radiating patch located on a surface of the housing.

Alternatively, the radiating patch is located on an inner surface of the housing. The radiation patch has less influence on the outer surface of the shell, and other structures of the radiation unit are convenient to arrange outside the shell.

As an alternative, the radiating element further comprises a parasitic patch, the parasitic patch is located on the outer surface of the housing, and the projections of the parasitic patch and the radiating patch have at least a partial overlapping region. When the parasitic patch receives the radiation energy from the radiation patch, an induction current can be generated, and an electric field radiating outwards is generated according to the induction current, so that the parasitic patch is coupled with the radiation patch, a new resonance is formed, the radiation capability of the radiation patch is enhanced, the bandwidth of the antenna is effectively expanded, and the gain of the antenna is increased.

As an alternative, the spacing range between the parasitic patch and the radiating patch is greater than or equal to 0.4mm and less than or equal to 1 mm. In such a distance range, on one hand, a better coupling effect can be achieved between the parasitic patch and the radiation patch, and meanwhile, the radiation capability of the parasitic patch to the radiation patch can be effectively enhanced; on the other hand, in addition, because the parasitic patch and the radiation patch can be arranged on the opposite side surfaces of the shell, when the thickness of the shell is kept in the range, the manufacture and the processing of the shell can be facilitated, and the shell cannot be processed difficultly because the thickness of the shell is too thin.

Alternatively, the radiating patch is located on an outer surface of the housing. By locating the radiating patch on the outer surface of the housing, a larger spacing distance can be formed between the radiating patch of the antenna and the feeder line, thereby improving the bandwidth of the antenna.

As an alternative, the radiation patch is square, and notches are provided on each edge of the radiation patch. The bandwidth of the antenna can thus be extended, thereby improving antenna performance.

Alternatively, the radiation elements are in the form of a grid or a plate.

As an alternative, the feeding network further comprises a circuit board assembly, and the feeding line is located on the circuit board assembly. Therefore, the circuit board assembly is used as a bearing main body, and the feeder line is arranged on the circuit board assembly, so that the electrical connection between the feeder network and other circuits is realized.

As an alternative, the circuit board assembly includes a first circuit board, the first circuit board and the radiating element are oppositely disposed, and the feeder line is disposed on the first circuit board.

As an alternative, the first circuit board is provided with a ground layer, and a gap is formed between the ground layer and the feeder. Thus, the ground layer and the feeder line can be respectively connected with different ends of the signal transceiver, thereby forming a complete antenna feed network structure.

As an optional mode, the circuit board assembly further includes a second circuit board, an electrical connection is provided between the first circuit board and the second circuit board, and a ground layer is disposed on the second circuit board. The circuit board assembly has a flexible arrangement mode, and when the radiating element of the antenna is positioned on the side edge of the shell or other narrow spaces or positions, the antenna can still feed power for the normal coupling of the radiating element, so that the normal work of the antenna is ensured.

As an alternative, the first circuit board is a flexible circuit board FPC. Because flexible circuit board self can produce deformation such as bending, and flexible circuit board can accomplish through modes such as bonding and other circuit boards between be connected, therefore can settle in less space, when guaranteeing that the casing has less thickness, accomplish the interconnect and the installation of first circuit board and second circuit board.

As an optional mode, the feed network further includes a coupling slot plate, a slot is formed in the coupling slot plate, the coupling slot plate is disposed between the feed line and the radiation unit, and a distance is formed between the feed line and the radiation unit and between the feed line and the coupling slot plate. The slots arranged on the coupling slot plate can improve the isolation between different polarization directions of the antenna and improve the radiation characteristic of the antenna.

As an alternative, the slot is located within the projection range of the radiation unit on the coupling slot plate. At this moment, the slot and the radiation unit are arranged oppositely, so that the isolation between different polarization directions when the radiation unit radiates outwards can be influenced in a slot coupling mode, and the antenna performance is improved.

As an alternative, the slot includes a first slot and a second slot, and the first slot and the second slot are perpendicular to each other and both located in a plane where the coupling slot plate is located. The coupling slot plate thus improves the isolation of the antenna for different polarization directions.

Alternatively, the first slit and the second slit may have the same or similar shape and size, for example, have the same slit width and extension length.

As an alternative, the distance between the feed line and the coupling slot plate is greater than or equal to 0.3mm and less than or equal to 0.7 mm. Electromagnetic energy radiated by the feeder line can be transmitted to the coupling slot plate, so that coupling between the coupling slot plate and the feeder line is realized, and the feeder line and the coupling slot plate have enough space, so that the contact conduction phenomenon cannot occur.

As an alternative, the band of the antenna is a millimeter wave band.

In another aspect, the present application provides a mobile terminal comprising a non-conductive housing and an antenna as described above. When the inner space of the mobile terminal shell is small, the antenna still can have a high longitudinal height; and the position of the radiation unit is not limited by the shape and size of the inner space of the shell, but can be freely arranged along with the structure or size of the shell, and the degree of freedom of arrangement is high.

As an alternative embodiment, the radiation unit is attached to the surface of the housing. So that the radiating element can form a lower antenna profile.

As an alternative embodiment, the radiation elements are coated or printed on the surface of the housing. The radiating element is formed on the shell and integrated with the shell, the structural integrity of the shell is good, and the radiating element is not easy to fall off from the shell due to external force.

As an alternative embodiment, the radiating element surface is covered with a non-conductive cover layer. Therefore, the non-conductive covering layer is arranged on the surface of the radiating unit, so that the influence of the antenna on the appearance of the mobile terminal can be reduced, and the normal communication of the antenna is ensured.

The application provides an antenna and a mobile terminal, wherein the antenna is applied to the mobile terminal and comprises a radiation unit and a feed network, the radiation unit is arranged on the surface of a non-conductor shell of the mobile terminal, the feed network is positioned in the shell, the feed network comprises a feed line, the feed line and the radiation unit are oppositely arranged, the interval between the feed line and the radiation unit comprises the shell of the mobile terminal, and the feed line and the radiation unit are coupled for feeding. The antenna has a high height, and the radiation unit can be freely arranged along with the structure or the size of the shell, and the arrangement freedom degree is high.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna in a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a top view of an antenna in a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is an exploded schematic view of an antenna in a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a block diagram of an internal part structure of the mobile terminal of fig. 1 when it is a mobile phone;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation patch in a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 7 is a schematic bandwidth performance diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is an external view of a housing of a fourth mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is an external view of a housing in a fifth mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna in a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna in a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth antenna in a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth antenna in a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals:

1-a radiating element; 2-a feed network; 3-a shell; 4-a dielectric layer; 5, a rear camera; 6-sound outlet hole; 7-a non-conductive capping layer; 11-a radiation patch; 12-a parasitic patch; 21-a feed line; 22-a circuit board assembly; 23-coupling slot plates; 31-an inner surface; 32-an outer surface; 100-a mobile terminal; 110-an RF unit; a 111-notch; 120-a memory; 130-other input devices; 140-a display screen; 141-a display panel; 142-a touch panel; 150-a sensor; 160-an audio circuit; 161-a loudspeaker; 162-a microphone; 170-I/O subsystem; 171-other input device controllers; 172-a sensor controller; 173-display controller; 180-a processor; 190-a power supply; 200-an antenna; 221-a first circuit board; 222-formation; 223-a second circuit board; 231a — first slit; 231 b-second slit.

Detailed Description

The antenna is mainly applied to wireless communication of devices, is generally positioned between a signal transceiver and an electromagnetic wave propagation space, and realizes effective energy transfer and information transmission between the signal transceiver and the electromagnetic wave propagation space through the electromagnetic wave, so that the antenna can be regarded as a sensor for interconversion between radio frequency signals and the electromagnetic wave. The antenna can be arranged and applied in the mobile terminal. The mobile terminal to which the antenna is applied may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a Point of Sales (POS), a vehicle-mounted computer, and the like.

For the purpose of introducing the mobile terminal and the antenna of the present application, different embodiments are specifically described below.

Example one

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna in a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 3 is a top view of an antenna in a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 4 is an exploded schematic view of an antenna in a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the mobile terminal provided in this embodiment includes a housing 3 and an antenna, where the housing 3 is a non-conductor, the antenna includes a radiation unit 1 and a feeding network 2, the radiation unit 1 is disposed on a surface of the housing 3, the feeding network 2 is located inside the housing 3, the feeding network 2 includes a feeding line 21, the feeding line 21 and the radiation unit 1 are disposed opposite to each other, a space is provided between the feeding line 21 and the radiation unit 1, and the space between the feeding line 21 and the radiation unit 1 includes the housing 3 of the mobile terminal, and the feeding line 21 can couple and feed power to the radiation unit 1.

Specifically, the mobile terminal in this embodiment may include other components and structures besides the housing 3 and the antenna, and some or all of the components and structures may be disposed on the housing 3. Specifically, the mobile terminal is a mobile phone as an example, and fig. 5 is a block diagram of an internal part structure of the mobile terminal in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 5, in addition to the housing 3 and the antenna 200, the mobile terminal 100 includes a Radio Frequency (RF) unit 110, a memory 120, other input devices 130, a display 140, a sensor 150, an audio circuit 160, an I/O subsystem 170, a processor 180, and a power supply 190. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the handset configuration shown in fig. 4 is not intended to be limiting and may include more or fewer components than those shown, or may combine certain components, or split certain components, or arranged in different components.

In order to facilitate understanding of the overall structure of the mobile terminal, the following describes each constituent element of the mobile terminal 100 in detail with reference to fig. 5:

the RF unit 110 may be used for receiving and transmitting signals during information transmission and reception or during a call, and in particular, receives downlink information of a base station and then processes the received downlink information to the processor 180; in addition, the data for designing uplink is transmitted to the base station. Typically, the RF unit 110 will be connected to an antenna to communicate with a network and other devices using the antenna. The RF unit 110 includes, but is not limited to, at least one Amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), a duplexer, and the like.

The memory 120 may be used to store software programs and modules, and the processor 180 executes various functional applications and data processing of the mobile terminal 100 by operating the software programs and modules stored in the memory 120. The memory 120 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may store data (such as audio data, a phonebook, etc.) created according to the use of the mobile terminal 100, and the like. Further, the memory 120 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.

In order to enable the mobile terminal to carry out interactive operations such as display and input. Other input devices 130, a display 140, a sensor 150, an audio circuit 160, a speaker 161, and a microphone 162, among others, are included in the mobile terminal. Among other things, the other input devices 130 may be used to receive input numeric or character information and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the mobile terminal 100. The other input devices 130 are connected to other input device controllers 171 of the I/O subsystem 170 and are in signal communication with the processor 180 under the control of the other input device controllers 171. The display screen 140 may be used to display information input by or provided to the user and various menus of the mobile terminal 100, and may also accept user input. The display screen 140 may include a display panel 141, a touch panel 142, and the like. In addition, the mobile terminal 100 includes a sensor 150 that can recognize and sense the information of the parameters of the environment around the mobile phone, and specifically, the sensor 150 may include a light sensor, a motion sensor, a gyroscope, a barometer, a hygrometer, a thermometer, an infrared sensor, and the like.

The I/O subsystem 170 is used to control input and output peripherals, and the display controller 173 in the I/O subsystem 170 receives signals from the display screen 140 and/or sends signals to the display screen 140. After the display screen 140 detects the user input, the display controller 173 converts the detected user input into an interaction with the user interface object displayed on the display screen 140, i.e., realizes a human-machine interaction. The sensor controller 172 may receive signals from one or more sensors 150 and/or transmit signals to one or more sensors 150.

The processor 180 is a control center of the mobile terminal 100, connects various parts of the entire mobile phone using various interfaces and lines, and performs various functions of the mobile terminal 100 and processes data by operating or executing software programs and/or modules stored in the memory 120 and calling data stored in the memory 120, thereby performing overall monitoring of the mobile phone. Alternatively, processor 180 may include one or more processing units.

In addition, the mobile terminal 100 may further include a power supply 190 (e.g., a battery) for supplying power to the various components, as well as other components or structures, which will not be described in detail herein.

In order to complete the transceiving and transmission of wireless signals, the mobile terminal 100 includes an antenna 200 therein. In this embodiment, the antenna 200 may be an antenna in a millimeter wave band, that is, the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave during antenna communication is in the order of millimeters. The main structure of the antenna 200 includes a radiation unit 1 and a feed network 2. The feed network 2 may be coupled to the radiation unit 1 to implement connection and energy transmission between the radiation unit 1 and the signal transceiver, so that the antenna can transmit signals between the transceiver and the external space. Because the feeding network 2 needs to be electrically connected to a signal transceiver and other components, the feeding network is located inside the mobile terminal, and may be specifically disposed on a circuit board and other components inside the mobile terminal, and correspondingly connected to the signal transceiver on the circuit board or other wireless communication modules. Wherein, a feed line 21 is included in the feed network 2, and the feed line 21 is coupled with the radiation unit 1 and feeds power to the radiation unit 1.

The radiating element 1 of the antenna is located on the outer structure of the mobile terminal, i.e. the housing 3, with a spacing from the feed line 21 in the feed network 2 (which spacing obviously comprises at least part of the structure of the housing 3). The radiating element 1 and the feed network 2 of the antenna are thus physically separated from each other in space. Since the radiation element 1 and the power supply line 21 are spaced apart from each other with a gap, the power supply line 21 cannot actually supply power to the radiation element 1 by means of electrical contact, but supplies power and transmits signals to the radiation element 1 by means of spatial electromagnetic coupling. The spatial electromagnetic coupling method is that two circuit networks or elements are not in contact with each other, but are spaced apart from each other by a small distance, so that the two circuit networks or elements can conduct electric energy by means of coupling, and thus, energy is obtained and information is transmitted without direct contact. In this way, the feed network 2 and the radiation unit 1 in the antenna are physically separated from each other, so compared with the prior art that the radiation unit is arranged in the space inside the housing and is fixedly connected with the feed network through structures such as an antenna bracket and the like, in the present application, the radiation unit 1 is separately arranged on the housing 3 which is far away from the feed network 2, and the radiation unit 1 and the feed network 2 complete feed and signal transmission without contacting each other, so that when the space inside the mobile terminal housing 3 is small, the antenna still can have a high longitudinal height; and the position of the radiation unit 1 is not limited by the shape and size of the inner space of the shell 3 any more, but can be freely arranged according to the structure or size of the shell 3, and the degree of freedom of arrangement is high.

Since the radiation unit 1 of the antenna is located on the housing 3, the radiation unit 1 has a relatively abundant installation space and structural flexibility. As shown in fig. 1, the radiation unit 1 of the antenna may be located on the rear cover surface of the housing 3, i.e. the surface facing away from the display screen 140. Specifically, the radiation unit 1, the rear camera 5, and the like may be disposed on a rear cover surface of the housing 3. Because the rear cover surface of the housing 3 has a large available area (without the need of arranging a display screen or other parts with large areas), when the radiation unit 1 is arranged on the rear cover surface of the housing 3, the arrangement position of the radiation unit 1 is flexible, and the size of the radiation unit 1 is less limited.

In this case, the radiation unit 1 may be located at an edge region of the rear cover surface of the housing 3. Therefore, the radiation unit 1 of the antenna is far away from the central area of the rear cover surface, namely is arranged close to the frame of the shell 3, on one hand, the radiation unit 1 is less shielded by the mobile terminal, and the antenna can realize better signal strength and performance; on the other hand, since there are many components disposed in the central region inside the housing 3 of the mobile terminal, the radiation unit 1 is disposed in the edge region of the rear cover surface of the housing 3, and the radiation unit 1 can avoid other components inside the mobile terminal, so that the structure of the radiation unit 1 is less limited.

Specifically, because the feeding line in the antenna and the radiating element 1 are not in direct contact, but complete feeding by means of electromagnetic spatial coupling, in order to achieve normal coupling between the feeding line and the radiating element 1 located on the housing 3, at least a part of the structure of the housing 3 is made of a non-conductive material that is transparent to waves. Illustratively, the entire housing 3 may be a non-conductive housing.

In this case, the material of the housing 3 may be plastic, glass, ceramic or fiber material, or may be non-conductive housing 3 material known to those skilled in the art, and is not limited herein.

In order to feed power to the radiation unit 1 by using a spatial electromagnetic coupling method, the extension direction of the feeder line 21 and the planar direction of the radiation unit 1 may be kept parallel to each other, so as to maintain high energy transfer efficiency.

On this basis, in order to allow the feeder line 21 to perform normal coupling feeding to the radiation element 1, the radiation element 1 and the feeder line 21 in the feeding network 2 may be disposed to be opposed and overlapped. In this case, the projection of the radiation unit 1 in the direction perpendicular to the radiation unit 1 may overlap with the feeder 21, so that the energy transmitted by the feeder 21 can be conducted to the radiation unit 1 with high efficiency, and the external electromagnetic wave energy received by the radiation unit 1 can be conducted to the feeder 21 with high efficiency, thereby providing the antenna with high efficiency.

Specifically, there will be a certain distance between the feed network 2 located inside the mobile terminal and the housing 3 of the mobile terminal, and at this time, as an optional way, the space between the feed network 2 and the radiating element 1 includes a dielectric layer 4. The dielectric layer 4 has a certain dielectric constant, and when the feeder line 21 performs coupling feeding to the radiation unit 1 through the dielectric layer 4, the efficiency and gain of the antenna can be improved to a certain extent.

Specifically, when the feeding line 21 of the feeding network 2 and the radiating element 1 are maintained in a parallel state, the dielectric layer 4 may have a relatively uniform thickness. Hereinafter, unless otherwise specified, the description will be given taking as an example that each portion of the dielectric layer 4 has a uniform thickness.

The dielectric layer 4 may be formed of a plurality of different dielectrics. Illustratively, the dielectric layer 4 between the radiation unit 1 and the feeding line 21 may be an air layer. That is, there is an air medium between the radiation unit 1 and the feeder line 21.

At this time, the feeder 21 located inside the housing 3 is actually spaced apart from the radiation unit 1 provided on the housing 3. Since the housing 3 and the feeding network 2 inside the housing 3 are filled with air, the air will act as a medium between the feeding line 21 and the radiating element 1 and affect the performance parameters of the antenna, such as efficiency and gain.

When the dielectric layer 4 is provided between the radiation unit 1 and the feeder line 21, the dielectric layer 4 may have a corresponding thickness according to the dielectric constant of different media. Illustratively, when air is used as the dielectric layer 4 (the relative dielectric constant of air may be set to 1), the thickness of the dielectric layer 4 may be set to between 0.2 and 1 mm. The thickness of the dielectric layer 4 may be about 0.3 mm. Therefore, the dielectric layer 4 has a proper thickness, and the bandwidth of the antenna can be increased on the basis of ensuring the normal coupling feeding of the feeder line 21 to the radiation unit 1.

It should be noted that the dielectric layer 4 between the radiation unit 1 and the feeding network 2 is not limited to an air dielectric, but may be other dielectric, such as different materials, e.g., resin, ceramic, etc. The dielectric layer 4 can be made of any suitable material as required by those skilled in the art, and is not limited herein.

For example, since the radiation unit 1 is disposed on the housing 3, a part of the structure of the housing 3 may be located between the radiation unit 1 and the power feeding line 21 and be a part of the dielectric layer 4. Specifically, when the radiation unit 1 is located at a position outside the inner surface of the housing 3, for example, at a side of the housing 3 away from the feeding network 2, a part of or even the entire structure of the housing 3 in the thickness direction can be used as the medium in the medium layer 4.

Alternatively, the dielectric layer 4 may be located between the housing 3 and the feeding network 2. At this time, a dielectric plate or a dielectric material of another shape may be provided inside the housing 3 in addition to the power feeding network 2. These dielectric plates or other dielectric material will form a dielectric layer 4 between the feeding network 2 and the radiating elements 1 on the housing 3. In this case, the dielectric plate or the dielectric layer 4 with other shapes may be specifically filled in the gap formed between the feeding network 2 and the housing 3, or may be supported between the feeding network 2 and the housing 3 as a support, and the specific arrangement manner is not limited.

For being arranged on the housing 3, the radiation unit 1 may be in the form of a patch in a flat plate or a sheet, and the plane of the radiation unit 1 may be kept relatively parallel or approximately parallel to the surface of the housing 3. In this case, the radiation unit 1 may be attached to the surface of the housing 3 to form a low antenna profile. With such an arrangement, the radiation unit 1 has a small influence on the thickness of the housing 3, so that the overall thickness of the mobile terminal can be effectively reduced. When the radiation unit 1 is specifically a patch, the radiation unit 1 can be attached to the surface of the housing 3, so that the interference to the appearance and the structure of the housing 3 is reduced. Specifically, the radiation unit 1 can be disposed on the housing 3 through different connection methods such as bonding and clamping.

In one of the alternative ways, the radiating element 1 of the antenna comprises a radiating patch 11 located on the surface of the casing 3. The radiation patch 11, which may be referred to as a radiation sheet, may be formed of metal or other conductive material, and is capable of radiating a received electrical signal to an external space in the form of an electromagnetic wave or receiving an electromagnetic wave from the external space.

In general, the radiation patch 11 may have a square structure as a whole, for example, a square structure. In this embodiment, in order to improve the performance of the antenna, a notch may be further disposed on an edge of the overall square radiation patch. Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation patch in a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the radiation patch 11 itself may be square, and notches 111 may be provided on four edges of the radiation patch 11, so that the bandwidth of the antenna may be extended, thereby improving the antenna performance. It should be noted that the specific shape and size of the radiation patch 11 may be set according to the use scenario of the antenna or actual needs, for example, other radiation patch shapes known to those skilled in the art may be used, and the invention is not limited herein.

In order to allow the radiation patch 11 to normally radiate an electromagnetic wave outward, when a signal in a millimeter wave band is propagated, the length of the radiation patch 11 may be in the millimeter level, and the overall length of the radiation patch 11 generally does not exceed 5 mm. Therefore, the radiating patch 11 of the antenna has a small size and an outer diameter, and the arrangement position of the radiating patch on the mobile terminal is flexible and variable.

When the radiation patch 11 is arranged on the housing 3, the radiation patch 11 may have a variety of different positions with respect to the housing 3. For example, as shown in fig. 2, in an alternative form of construction, the radiating patch 11 may be located on an inner surface 31 of the housing 3, i.e. on the side of the housing 3 facing the feed network 2.

Specifically, in order to dispose the radiation patch 11, the inner surface 31 of the housing 3 may be a relatively flat surface, and the radiation patch 11 may be disposed on the inner surface 31 of the housing 3 and face the feeder line 21. Since there is a certain distance between the inside of the mobile terminal and the inner surface 31 of the housing 3, even if the radiation patch 11 is located on the inner surface 31 of the housing 3, a larger distance between the radiation patch 11 and the feeding line 21 can be maintained, so that the antenna has a higher height and a wider antenna bandwidth can be ensured. While the radiation patch 11 has less influence on the outer surface of the housing 3 and also facilitates the arrangement of other structures of the radiation unit outside the housing 3.

In order to improve the performance of the antenna, such as gain and bandwidth, optionally, when the radiating patch 11 is disposed on the inner surface 31 of the housing 3, the radiating unit 1 may further include a parasitic patch 12, the parasitic patch 12 is located on the outer surface 32 of the housing 3, and the projections of the parasitic patch 12 and the radiating patch 11 have at least a partial overlapping region, as shown in fig. 1 to 3.

Specifically, the parasitic patch 12 may also be made of a conductive medium such as metal. The parasitic patch 12 may be arranged close to the radiating patch 11 but without contact with the radiating patch 11, i.e. the parasitic patch 12 and the radiating patch 11 are arranged insulated from each other. When the parasitic patch 12 receives the radiation energy from the radiation patch 11, an induced current is generated, and an electric field radiating outwards is generated according to the induced current, so that the parasitic patch is coupled with the radiation patch 11, a new resonance is formed, the radiation capability of the radiation patch 11 is enhanced, the bandwidth of the antenna is effectively expanded, and the gain of the antenna is increased.

In order to achieve better coupling and resonance effects, the parasitic patch 12 may be similar to the radiating patch 11 in shape, and may have a square structure, for example. In this embodiment, the parasitic patch 12 is described as a square patch structure.

Since the whole radiating element 1 rests on the housing 3, when the radiating patch 11 is disposed on the inner surface 31 of the housing 3, the parasitic patch 12 may be disposed on the outer surface 32 of the housing 3 in order to space the parasitic patch 12 and the radiating patch 11. The parasitic patch 12 and the radiating patch 11 can thus be arranged at a distance from each other by means of the housing 3.

It can be understood that the parasitic patch 12 and the radiating patch 11 may be disposed in parallel to each other, so that a better resonance is formed between the parasitic patch 12 and the radiating patch 11, and a better coupling effect is achieved.

In order to allow coupling between the parasitic patch 12 and the radiating patch 11, the radiating patch 11 and the parasitic patch 12 may be kept in a relative arrangement, that is, there is a partial or full overlap area between the projections of the radiating patch 11 and the parasitic patch 12. The parasitic patch 12 has at least a partial overlap between the radiation patch 11 and its projection on the plane of the radiation patch 11.

In this embodiment, the projection of the parasitic patch 12 may completely overlap the radiating patch 11. At this time, the projection of the parasitic patch 12 may have the same shape, size and position as the radiation patch 11, so that the two are completely disposed up and down; or the parasitic patch 12 has a larger area than the radiating patch 11, so that the radiating patch 11 is completely covered by the projection of the parasitic patch 12, etc. The parasitic patch 12 is thus able to form a better resonance, thereby increasing the bandwidth and gain of the antenna.

Alternatively, the projection of the parasitic patch 12 may also have an overlap with a portion of the radiating patch 11. The parasitic patch 12 and the radiating patch 11 can be made to have better antenna performance by adjusting the shapes or relative positions.

In addition, the radiation patch 11 and the parasitic patch 12 may have other arrangement positions on the housing 3. For example, the parasitic patch 12 and the radiating patch 11 may be embedded inside the structure of the housing 3 in addition to the surface of the housing 3. Specifically, in order to arrange the parasitic patch 12 and the radiation patch 11 inside the structure of the housing 3, the housing 3 may be a split structure, and the parasitic patch 12 or the radiation patch 11 may be sandwiched between different parts of the housing 3. Alternatively, the parasitic patch 12 or the radiation patch 11 may be placed in the unmolded housing 3 when the housing 3 is manufactured, and after the housing 3 is molded, the radiation unit 1 may be embedded in the housing 3 and integrated with the housing 3.

In order to ensure that the parasitic patch 12 can be coupled with the radiating patch 11 normally, a certain distance range should be kept between the parasitic patch 12 and the radiating patch 11. Wherein, optionally, the spacing between the parasitic patch 12 and the radiating patch 11 may range from 0.4mm to 1mm, and exemplarily, the spacing between the parasitic patch 12 and the radiating patch 11 may be about 0.6 mm. In such a distance range, on one hand, the parasitic patch 12 and the radiation patch 11 can have a better coupling effect, and meanwhile, the parasitic patch 12 can effectively strengthen the radiation capability of the radiation patch 11; on the other hand, further, since the parasitic patch 12 and the radiation patch 11 can be provided on the opposite side surfaces of the housing 3, when the thickness of the housing 3 is kept within this range, the fabrication and processing of the housing 3 can be facilitated without being difficult to process because the thickness of the housing 3 is too thin.

Further, the radiating patch 11 or the parasitic patch 12 in the radiating element 1 may be in a variety of different structures and forms. For example, the radiation patch 11 or the parasitic patch 12 may be a complete flat plate-like whole body, or may be a hollow-out grid-like structure. When the radiating patches 11 and the parasitic patches 12 are in a grid-like structure, they may specifically include a plurality of criss-cross grid lines, and these grid lines are interwoven together to form the radiating patches 11 or the parasitic patches 12. When the radiating patches 11 and the parasitic patches 12 are in a grid shape, the current in the radiating element 1 can propagate not only in the grid lines but also through the coupling between the grid lines. Therefore, slot radiation similar to a microstrip antenna is formed in the grid-shaped radiation patch 11 or the parasitic patch 12, so that an equivalent current transmission path is lengthened, and under the condition of the same radiation, the area size of the radiation patch 11 and the parasitic patch 12 can be reduced, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the antenna.

In addition, the radiating patches 11 or the parasitic patches 12 in the radiating element 1 may also have a plurality of different arrangements with respect to the housing 3. Illustratively, the radiation patch 11 and the parasitic patch 12 may be separate components from the housing 3, or the radiation patch 11 or the parasitic patch 12 may be formed on the surface of the housing 3 by coating, printing, or the like, and the conductive material is disposed on the surface of the housing 3, so that the radiation unit 1 and the housing 3 form an integral structure.

And the feed network 2 in the antenna is used to supply energy to the radiating element 1 and to transmit signals. In order to provide the feed network 2 inside the housing 3. In an alternative embodiment, the feeding network 2 further comprises a circuit board assembly 22, and the feeding line 21 is located on the circuit board assembly 22.

Specifically, in order to realize the transmission of radio frequency signals with the radiation unit 1, the feeding network 2 may specifically include a feeding line 21 and other components. The feeder 21 may be a microstrip line, which is connected to the feeding position of the feeding network 2. Wherein the microstrip line is a microwave transmission line formed by a single conductor strip supported on a dielectric substrate. The planar structure transmission line is suitable for manufacturing microwave integrated circuits, and has the advantages of small volume, light weight, wide use frequency band, high reliability, low manufacturing cost and the like compared with metal waveguides. It will be appreciated that the feed line 21 may be made of metal or other conductive material. In order to arrange the feeder line 21 and other components in the feeding network 2, the circuit board assembly may be used as a carrier body, and the feeder line 21 is arranged on the circuit board assembly 22, so as to realize electrical connection between the feeding network 2 and other circuits.

The number of the feed lines 21 may be two, and the two feed lines 21 may be respectively used for transmitting two mutually orthogonal polarized signals, thereby implementing dual polarization of the antenna.

The circuit board assembly 22 may be a separate component, or may be integrated with other circuit boards inside the mobile terminal. Specifically, the circuit board assembly 22 may include one or more circuit boards, and the power supply network 2 may be disposed on the circuit boards. The circuit board may be in various forms such as a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) and a Flexible circuit board (FPC).

As an alternative circuit board assembly structure, the circuit board assembly 22 includes a first circuit board 221, the first circuit board 221 is disposed opposite to the radiation unit 1, and the feeder line 21 is disposed on the first circuit board 221.

Specifically, the feeder 21 needs to be arranged opposite to the radiation unit 1, so that spatial electromagnetic coupling between the feeder 21 and the radiation unit 1 is achieved, and normal feeding of the feeder 21 to the radiation unit 1 is completed. The first circuit board 221 may be in the form of a printed circuit board or a flexible circuit board. While the power feeding line 21 may be disposed on the first circuit board 221, for example, the power feeding line 21 may be disposed on the first circuit board 221 by printing or the like.

The first circuit board 221 may be a single-layer circuit board or a multi-layer circuit board having a plurality of different wiring layers. Depending on the structure of the feeding network 2, the feeding line 21 may be disposed on the first circuit board 221 in different layers, such as on the surface layer of the first circuit board 221, or inside the first circuit board 221. In the present embodiment, the power feed line 21 may be provided inside the first circuit board 221, that is, in a certain wiring layer in an inner layer of the first circuit board 221.

In addition, optionally, the antenna needs to be grounded during operation, so that a reference ground needs to be set in the feeding network 2. In an alternative structure, the ground layer 222 may be provided on the first circuit board 221 with a gap between the ground layer 222 and the feeder 21. Thus, the ground layer 222 and the feed line 21 can be connected to different ends of the signal transceiver, respectively, to form a complete antenna feed network structure.

Specifically, a copper-clad layer may be disposed on the first circuit board 221, and the copper-clad layer is used as the ground layer 222, or another conductive layer is used as the ground layer 222 on the first circuit board 221. For example, the ground layer 222 on the first circuit board 221 may be located on a surface of the first circuit board 221 away from the radiation unit 1.

When only the first circuit board 221 is included in the circuit board assembly 22, the first circuit board 221 may be a printed circuit board or a circuit board of different form such as a flexible circuit board. Here, the first circuit board 221 is a printed circuit board as an example. The direction of the first circuit board 221 may be parallel to the plane of the screen of the mobile terminal, that is, the first circuit board 221 faces the front or back of the housing 3 of the mobile terminal. Correspondingly, the radiation unit 1 can also be located on the front side of the housing 3 or on the rear side of the housing 3. Since the front and rear surfaces of the mobile terminal case 3 have a large area and a large allowance for a mounting space, the first circuit board 221 may be a printed circuit board having a certain thickness and a large limitation in shape.

Furthermore, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that other circuit boards besides the first circuit board 221 may be provided in the circuit board assembly 22, and other components of the feeding network 2 may be provided on other circuit boards, or other different purposes may be performed, and the like, and are not limited herein.

In order to further improve the performance of the antenna, other structures may be formed in the feeding network 2. For example, as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, in an alternative mode, the feeding network 2 may further include a coupling slot plate 23, the coupling slot plate 23 is provided with a slot 231, the coupling slot plate 23 is disposed between the feeding line 21 and the radiation unit 1, and a distance is provided between the feeding line 21 and the radiation unit 1 and the coupling slot plate 23.

The coupling slot plate 23 is located between the feeding line 21 and the radiation unit 1, so that energy on the feeding line 21 is transmitted to the coupling slot plate 23 by electromagnetic coupling, and then transmitted to the radiation unit 1 through the coupling slot plate 23. The slot 231 provided in the coupling slot plate 23 can improve the isolation between different polarization directions of the antenna, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna.

Specifically, the coupling slot plate 23 may be made of metal or other conductor, and may have a flat plate shape, and a slot is formed on the surface. In order to achieve mutual coupling with the feeding line 21 and the radiation unit 1, the coupling slot plate 23 is disposed opposite to both the feeding line 21 and the radiation unit 1. Illustratively, the extension directions of the coupling slot plate 23 and the radiation unit 1 and the feeder line 21 may be kept parallel to each other.

When the coupling slot plate 23 is installed and fixed, the coupling slot plate 23 may be a separate component or may be attached to other structures. Specifically, since the antenna includes the circuit board assembly 22, the coupling slot plate 23 may be used as an independent component and attached to the circuit board in the circuit board assembly 22, or may form an integrated structure with the circuit board by printing or the like. Illustratively, the coupling slot board 23 may be disposed on a surface layer of the circuit board in the circuit board assembly 22, and the feeding line 21 is disposed on an inner wiring layer of the circuit board, so as to be spaced from the coupling slot board 23, so as to avoid affecting mutual coupling between the feeding line 21 and the coupling slot board 23.

Wherein, as an alternative, the distance between the feed line 21 and the coupling slot plate 23 may be between 0.3mm and 0.7 mm. Electromagnetic energy radiated by the power feeding line 21 can be transmitted to the coupling slot plate 23, so that coupling between the coupling slot plate 23 and the power feeding line 21 is realized, and the power feeding line 21 and the coupling slot plate 23 have enough space, so that a contact conduction phenomenon cannot occur. Wherein the distance between the feed line 21 and the coupling slot plate 23 may be about 0.5 mm.

Alternatively, the slot 231 in the coupling slot plate 23 may be located within the projection range of the radiation unit 1 on the coupling slot plate 23. At this time, the slot 231 and the radiation unit 1 are disposed opposite to each other, so that the isolation between different polarization directions when the radiation unit 1 radiates outwards can be affected by way of slot coupling, thereby improving the antenna performance.

In addition, to improve the isolation of the antenna from different polarization directions, the number of slots 231 on the coupling slot plate 23 may be greater than one, with different slots facing different directions. Specifically, as a possible arrangement of the slits, the slits 231 on the coupling slit plate 23 may include a first slit 231a and a second slit 231b, and the first slit 231a and the second slit 231b are perpendicular to each other and are located in a plane where the coupling slit plate 23 is located.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, one end of the first slit 231a and one end of the second slit 231b are disposed adjacent to each other, while the extending directions of the first slit 231a and the second slit 231b are perpendicular to each other, and the other end of the first slit 231a and the other end of the second slit 231b are distant from each other. The first slit 231a and the second slit 231b may have the same or similar shape and size, for example, have the same slit width and extension length, and the like.

In order to make the slot 231 better improve the polarization isolation of the antenna, both the first slot 231a and the second slot 231b may be located within the projection range of the radiation unit 1 on the coupling slot plate 23. At this time, the first slit 231a and the second slit 231b may be located in a middle region of the coupling slit plate 23, that is, a portion of the coupling slit plate 23 disposed opposite to the radiation unit 1, and the first slit 231a and the second slit 231b are disposed correspondingly at edge regions of the projection of the radiation unit 1 on the coupling slit plate 23, such as an upper edge region and a lateral edge region of the projection of the radiation unit 1 in the figure.

Furthermore, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the slot 231 of the coupling slot plate 23 may have other different structures and shapes, for example, the slot 231 may still include a first slot and a second slot, and the first slot and the second slot cross each other and form a cross shape, or the slot 231 may have other slot shapes and slot forms known by those skilled in the art, and is not limited herein.

Fig. 7 is a schematic bandwidth performance diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 7, it specifically shows the performance of the antenna, such as bandwidth, when the antenna includes the coupling slot plate 23 and the coupling slot plate 23 has the first slot 231a and the second slot 231 b. As shown in fig. 4, at this time, the radiating element 1 of the antenna includes a radiating patch 11 and a parasitic patch 12, and due to the existence of the parasitic patch 12, the radiating patch 11 and the parasitic patch 12 in the antenna respectively generate resonance, so that the signal attenuation degree at the resonance is reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of the antenna, as shown in fig. a and B. Accordingly, the current intensity of the corresponding radiating patch 11 and the parasitic patch 12 is increased, thereby extending the bandwidth of the antenna. As can be seen from the figure, due to the parasitic patch 12, when the center frequency of the antenna during operation is 28Ghz, the operating frequency band (attenuation is not greater than-15 dB) of the whole antenna is between 24.35Ghz and 29.71Ghz, that is, the relative bandwidth of the whole antenna is about 20%, so that the antenna is effectively extended and the radiation performance of the antenna is enhanced.

In this embodiment, the antenna is applied to a mobile terminal and includes a radiation unit and a feed network, the radiation unit is disposed on a surface of a non-conductor housing of the mobile terminal, the feed network is located inside the housing, the feed network includes a feed line, the feed line and the radiation unit are disposed opposite to each other, a gap between the feed line and the radiation unit includes the housing of the mobile terminal, and the feed line and the radiation unit are coupled to feed. The antenna has a high height, and the radiation unit can be freely arranged along with the structure or the size of the shell, and the arrangement freedom degree is high.

Example two

Besides the above-mentioned arrangement of the mobile terminal in which the radiating element is located on the rear cover surface of the housing, the radiating element 1 of the antenna may also be located at other parts of the housing 3. Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 8, the mobile terminal in this embodiment has a similar overall structure, structure composition, function and operation principle as those of the mobile terminal in the previous embodiments, except that the radiation unit 1 of the antenna of the mobile terminal in this embodiment is located on the screen surface of the housing 3.

Specifically, the housing 3 of the mobile terminal has a screen surface, and the screen surface is provided with components such as the display screen 140 and the sound emitting hole 6. During use, the screen side of the mobile terminal faces the user. In this case, the radiating unit 1 of the antenna may also be located on the same side of the housing 3 as the display screen 140, and implement transceiving and communication of signals.

In this embodiment, the radiation unit 1 of the antenna is disposed at a side of the display screen 140, for example, at a position above the display screen 140. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the radiation unit 1 can be located at a side or lower position of the display screen 140. Alternatively, when the radiation unit 1 is made of a transparent material, the radiation unit 1 may also be located inside the display area of the display screen 140, which is beneficial to enlarge the display area of the display screen 140, for example, the mobile terminal is a full-screen.

EXAMPLE III

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 9, the mobile terminal in this embodiment has a similar overall structure and the structural composition, function and operation principle of the antenna as those of the mobile terminal in the previous embodiments, except that the radiation unit 1 of the antenna is located on the side of the housing 3 in the mobile terminal in this embodiment.

Specifically, the side surface of the housing 3 may be a frame or the like, which generally has a narrow width and a small visual area. When the radiation unit 1 of the antenna is arranged on the side of the shell 3, the antenna has little influence on the appearance of the shell 3, which is beneficial to the aesthetic degree of the shell 3.

It should be noted that, when the radiation unit 1 of the antenna is located on the side of the housing 3, since the width of the side of the housing 3 may be narrow, the feed network 2 in the antenna may adopt the structure shown in fig. 6, so that the normal coupled feeding of the feed network 2 to the radiation unit 1 is realized under the restriction of a narrow space.

Example four

In yet another possible arrangement, the radiation unit 1 may be of unitary construction with the housing 3. At this time, the radiation unit 1 may be disposed on the surface of the housing 3 by coating or printing.

Fig. 10 is an external view of a housing of a fourth mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 10, the mobile terminal in this embodiment has the same overall structure, function and operation principle as those of the previous embodiments, except that in this embodiment, the radiation unit 1 is not in the form of a complete independent conductive sheet, but particles or liquid capable of conducting electricity are disposed on the surface of the housing 3 by coating, printing or other surface forming methods, and a conductor film layer with a preset shape and a preset area is formed on the surface of the housing 3, so as to form the radiation unit 1. As shown in fig. 10, the conductor film layer can be regarded as a sheet-shaped whole, and can also realize coupling and radiation of electromagnetic waves, thereby constituting an equivalent radiation unit 1.

Specifically, when the radiation unit 1 is formed by coating, printing, or the like, metal particles, metal ions, or other conductive materials may be mixed in a liquid or an adhesive and applied to the surface of the housing 3. After the liquid or adhesive dries, these metal particles, metal ions or other conductive materials can be formed on the surface of the housing 3 to form the film-like radiation patch 11 or parasitic patch 12.

Thus, the radiation unit 1 is formed on the shell 3 and integrated with the shell 3, the structural integrity of the shell 3 is better, and the radiation unit 1 is not easy to fall off from the shell 3 due to external force.

EXAMPLE five

When the radiation unit 1 is exposed on the surface of the shell 3, on one hand, the radiation unit 1 itself is made of a conductive material, and compared with the shell 3 made of a non-conductive material, the appearance of the radiation unit has certain difference, so that the overall appearance of the shell 3 is affected; on the other hand, when the radiating element 1 is disposed on the outer surface 32 of the housing 3, if a user's finger or other conductor contacts the radiating element 1, normal radiation of the antenna may be affected. For the above reasons, the radiation unit 1 needs to be covered. Specifically, fig. 11 is an external view of a housing in a fifth mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 11, the mobile terminal in this embodiment has the same overall structure, function and operation principle as those of the previous embodiments, except that, in order to avoid the antenna from affecting the appearance of the housing 3 of the mobile terminal and ensure the normal use of the antenna, optionally, the surface of the radiating element 1 may be covered with a non-conductive covering layer.

Specifically, the non-conductive shielding layer 7 may be formed of a medium such as a non-conductive ink, and may be disposed on the surface of the radiation unit 1 by spraying or the like, so as to shield the surface of the radiation unit 1 and prevent the conductor portion of the radiation unit 1 from being exposed. The non-conductive covering layer 7 may cover only the portion of the housing 3 where the radiation unit 1 is disposed, as shown in fig. 11, or may cover most or even the entire surface of the housing 3, so that the housing 3 may have a better appearance. When the non-conductive cover layer 7 covers the portion of the housing 3 where the radiation unit 1 is disposed, the non-conductive cover layer 7 may have the same or similar appearance characteristics, such as the same or similar color, surface roughness, light reflectance, and the like, as the surface of the housing 3.

The non-conductive covering layer 7 may cover all surfaces of the radiation unit 1, or may cover only a portion of the radiation unit 1 located on the outer surface of the housing 3. When the radiation unit 1 is located on the inner surface of the housing 3, the radiation unit 1 has little influence on the appearance of the housing 3, and is not easy to be in contact conduction with a conductor, so that the normal operation of the antenna is affected, and accordingly, the non-conductive covering layer can cover the part of the radiation unit 1 located on the outer surface of the housing 3. Illustratively, the radiation unit 1 includes a radiation patch 11, and when the radiation patch 11 is located on the outer surface 32 of the housing 3, the surface of the radiation patch 11 may cover the non-conductive covering layer 7; and the radiating unit 1 comprises the radiating patch 11 and the parasitic patch 12, and when the parasitic patch 12 is located on the outer surface 32 of the housing 3, the non-conductive covering layer 7 can cover the surface of the parasitic patch 12, and the surface of the radiating patch 11 does not need to be provided with the non-conductive covering layer 7.

Furthermore, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above problems can also be avoided by selecting a suitable material for the radiating element and by arranging the radiating element 1 at a suitable location of the housing 3, in which case the outside of the surface of the radiating element 1 need not be covered by a non-conductive covering layer.

In this embodiment, through set up non-conductive cover layer on the surface of radiating element, can reduce the antenna and to mobile terminal's outward appearance influence to guarantee the normal communication of antenna.

EXAMPLE six

In addition to the different mobile terminals having different antenna arrangement positions, the antennas themselves in the mobile terminals may have a variety of different specific structures. The following embodiments specifically illustrate various configurations of the antenna.

For example, in the mobile terminal of the present application, the antenna may be provided with only the radiating patch in the radiating element without providing the parasitic patch. Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna in a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 12, the antenna in this embodiment includes a structure similar to that of the antenna in the previous embodiment, which is not described herein again, except that, in another alternative structure, the radiation patch 11 may also be located on the outer surface 32 of the housing 3. At this time, the radiation patch 11 is located on the side of the housing 3 facing away from the power feeding line 21, and the housing 3 is located between the radiation patch 11 and the power feeding line 21 and serves as a part of the dielectric layer 4. Since the housing 3 has a certain thickness, when the radiation patch 11 is located on the outer surface 32 of the housing 3, the distance between the radiation patch 11 and the power feeding line 21 is at least larger than the thickness of the housing 3 itself. Thus, a larger spacing distance can be formed between the radiation patch 11 and the feed network 2, so that the antenna has a higher height, and correspondingly, the antenna can also have a wider bandwidth. When the radiation patch 11 is disposed on the outer surface 32 of the housing 3, the specific structure and shape of the radiation patch 11 and the position of the radiation patch 11 relative to the power feeding line 21 are the same as those of the radiation patch 11 on the inner surface 31 of the housing 3, and the description thereof is omitted here.

It should be noted that, when the radiation patch 11 is located on the outer surface 32 of the housing 3, since the radiation patch 11 is located on the outermost side of the housing 3, the support structure for disposing the parasitic patch 12 cannot be disposed on the outer side of the radiation patch 11, and at this time, only the radiation patch 11 is included on the housing 3, and the parasitic patch 12 is not disposed.

By arranging the radiation patch in the radiation unit and enabling the radiation patch to be located on the outer surface of the shell, a larger spacing distance can be formed between the radiation patch and the feeder line, and therefore the bandwidth of the antenna is improved.

EXAMPLE seven

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna in a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, only still include the radiation paster among the radiation unit, and the outward appearance of casing can not be influenced in the position of setting up of radiation paster. As shown in fig. 13, the antenna in this embodiment includes a structure similar to the antenna in the previous embodiment, and is not described again here, except that, in another alternative structural form, the radiating unit 1 does not include a parasitic patch, but only includes the radiating patch 11, and the radiating patch 11 is attached to the inner surface 31 of the housing 3. At this time, the overall structure of the antenna, and the specific structure, shape and position of the radiation patch 11 with respect to the power feed line 21 are consistent with those of the former two antennas, and will not be described herein.

Because the radiation unit 1 only includes the radiation patch 11, and the radiation patch is disposed on the inner surface 31 of the housing 3, the structure of the radiation unit of the antenna and the like is not required to be disposed on the outer surface 32 of the housing 3, the outer surface of the housing 3 is simple, a relatively beautiful and smooth housing surface can be formed, and the appearance beauty of the mobile terminal is improved.

Example eight

In the antenna provided by the application, when only the first circuit board is included in the circuit board assembly inside the antenna, due to the limitation of the shape and size of the first circuit board, the first circuit board may be difficult to adapt to the radiation unit at a specific position on the housing, or cannot be fixed inside the housing, and therefore, the structure of the circuit board assembly needs to be adjusted. Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth antenna in a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 14, the antenna in this embodiment includes a structure similar to the antenna in the previous embodiment, and is not described herein again, but as another optional circuit board assembly structure, in addition to the first circuit board 221, the circuit board assembly 22 may further include a second circuit board 223, an electrical connection is provided between the first circuit board 221 and the second circuit board 223, and a ground layer 222 is provided on the second circuit board 223.

Specifically, when the power feeding line 21 on the first circuit board 221 needs to face a narrow space such as a side wall or an end face of the housing 3 to be adapted to the radiation unit 1 mounted on the side wall or the end face of the housing 3, the first circuit board 221 needs to be mounted so as to face the side wall or the end face of the housing 3 as well because the extending direction of the power feeding line 21 is generally parallel to the plate surface direction of the first circuit board 221. However, the width of the side wall or the end face of the housing 3 is small, and thus the size of the first circuit board 221 may also be small, and it is difficult to fix inside the housing 3. At this time, the first circuit board 221 may be fixed on the second circuit board 223 by using the second circuit board 223 as a supporting and fixing base, so that the first circuit board 221 may face different directions such as a side wall or an end surface of the housing 3. The first circuit board 221 and the second circuit board 223 in the circuit board assembly 22 may have a variety of different relative positions and combinations. For example, the second circuit board 223 may be parallel to the plane of the screen of the mobile terminal, and the first circuit board 221 may be perpendicular to the plane of the screen of the mobile terminal, i.e. parallel to the side wall or the end face of the housing 3.

The second circuit board 223 and the first circuit board 221 may be electrically connected by a lead or other means, so that the feeder 21 on the first circuit board 221 transmits a signal to the second circuit board 223, and the ground layer 222 is disposed on the second circuit board 223, so as to implement a ground arrangement of the antenna.

When the first circuit board 221 needs to face the side wall or the end surface of the housing 3, since the thickness of the housing 3 is small, if the first circuit board 221 is a printed circuit board, the first circuit board 221 needs to be connected with the second circuit board 223 through a bracket or the like, and the connection is inconvenient. Thus, as an alternative, the first circuit board 221 may be a flexible circuit board. Since the flexible circuit board itself can be deformed such as bent and can be connected to other circuit boards by means of bonding, the flexible circuit board can be disposed in a small space, and the first circuit board 221 and the second circuit board 223 can be connected to each other and mounted while the case 3 is ensured to have a small thickness.

Accordingly, in order to support the first circuit board 221, the second circuit board 223 may be a printed circuit board so as to support and fix the first circuit board 221 using the rigidity of the second circuit board 223 itself. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the second circuit board 223 may also be a flexible circuit board, as long as the second circuit board 223 can fix the first circuit board 221 and has an electrical connection with the first circuit board 221.

Like this through letting the circuit board assembly in the antenna include first circuit board and second circuit board, can let circuit board assembly have comparatively nimble mode of setting, when the radiating element of antenna was located casing side or other comparatively narrow spaces or positions, still can guarantee the normal work of antenna for radiating element normal coupling feed.

Example nine

In the antenna, the feeder line may be directly coupled to the radiation element without providing a coupling slot plate. Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth antenna in a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 15, the antenna in this embodiment includes a structure similar to that of the antenna in the previous embodiment, and is not described herein again, except that the feed network 2 of the antenna does not include the coupling slot plate 23. At this time, the power feeding line 21 directly feeds and couples to the radiation element 1 without passing through the coupling slot plate 23.

Specifically, when the coupling slot plate 23 is not included in the feeding network 2, the structure of the circuit board assembly 22 and other components in the feeding network 2 may be simpler. For example, the feeder line 21 may be provided in a surface wiring layer of the circuit board, in which case the number of layers of the circuit board may be reduced. And when the feeding line 21 and the radiation element 1 are fed by the spatial coupling, the interval between the feeding line 21 and the radiation element 1 can be maintained between 0.2mm and 1 mm.

In this embodiment, after the coupling circuit board is removed from the antenna, the feed network 2 has a simpler structure and a lower manufacturing cost.

Claims

1. An antenna is applied to a mobile terminal and is characterized in that the antenna comprises a radiation unit and a feed network, the radiation unit is arranged on the surface of a casing of a non-conductor of the mobile terminal, the feed network is positioned inside the casing, the feed network comprises a feed line, the feed line and the radiation unit are oppositely arranged, the interval between the feed line and the radiation unit comprises the casing of the mobile terminal, and the feed line and the radiation unit are coupled to feed.

2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the space between the feed network and the radiating element comprises a dielectric layer.

3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the dielectric layer is a layer of air.

4. The antenna of claim 2 or 3, wherein the dielectric layer has a thickness greater than or equal to 0.2mm and less than or equal to 1 mm.

5. An antenna according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the radiating element is located on a rear cover face of the housing.

6. An antenna according to claim 5, wherein the radiating element is located at an edge region of the rear cover face of the housing.

7. The antenna of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the radiating element comprises a radiating patch located on a surface of the housing.

8. The antenna of claim 7, wherein the radiating patch is located on an inner surface of the housing.

9. The antenna of claim 7 or 8, wherein the radiating element further comprises a parasitic patch located on an outer surface of the housing, and wherein projections of the parasitic patch and the radiating patch have at least a partial overlap region.

10. The antenna of claim 9, wherein the range of spacing between the parasitic patch and the radiating patch is greater than or equal to 0.4mm and less than or equal to 1 mm.

11. The antenna of claim 7, wherein the radiating patch is located on an outer surface of the housing.

12. An antenna according to any of claims 5 to 11, wherein the radiating patches are square and are provided with notches on each edge.

13. The antenna according to any of claims 1-12, wherein the radiating elements are in the form of a grid or a plate.

14. An antenna according to any of claims 1 to 13, wherein the feed network further comprises a circuit board assembly, the feed line being located on the circuit board assembly.

15. The antenna of claim 14, wherein the circuit board assembly includes a first circuit board, the first circuit board and the radiating element being disposed opposite, the feed line being disposed on the first circuit board.

16. The antenna of claim 15, wherein the first circuit board has a ground layer disposed thereon, the ground layer and the feed line having a gap therebetween.

17. The antenna of claim 15, wherein the circuit board assembly further comprises a second circuit board, the first circuit board and the second circuit board having an electrical connection therebetween, the second circuit board having a ground layer disposed thereon.

18. The antenna of claim 17, wherein the first circuit board is a flexible circuit board (FPC).

19. The antenna of any one of claims 14-18, wherein the feed network further comprises a coupling slot plate, wherein a slot is formed in the coupling slot plate, the coupling slot plate is disposed between the feed line and the radiating element, and a distance is provided between the feed line and the radiating element and the coupling slot plate.

20. The antenna of claim 19, wherein the slot is located within a projection of the radiating element on the coupling slot plate.

21. The antenna of claim 19 or 20, wherein the slot comprises a first slot and a second slot, the first slot and the second slot being perpendicular to each other and both being in a plane of the coupling slot plate.

22. The antenna of any one of claims 19-21, wherein the distance between the feed line and the coupling slot plate is greater than or equal to 0.3mm and less than or equal to 0.7 mm.

23. An antenna according to any of claims 1 to 22, wherein the wavelength band of the antenna is the millimeter wave band.

24. A mobile terminal characterized by comprising a non-conductive housing and an antenna according to any of claims 1-23.

25. The mobile terminal of claim 24, wherein the radiating element is affixed to a surface of the housing.

26. The mobile terminal of claim 24, wherein the radiating element is coated or printed on a surface of the housing.

27. A mobile terminal according to any of claims 24-26, characterized in that the radiating element surface is covered with a non-conductive cover layer.