CN112447162B - Sound absorption structure design method, sound absorption structure and acoustic package structure - Google Patents
Sound absorption structure design method, sound absorption structure and acoustic package structure Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
- G10K11/17861—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices using additional means for damping sound, e.g. using sound absorbing panels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1787—General system configurations
- G10K11/17873—General system configurations using a reference signal without an error signal, e.g. pure feedforward
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/10—Applications
- G10K2210/118—Panels, e.g. active sound-absorption panels or noise barriers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/10—Applications
- G10K2210/128—Vehicles
- G10K2210/1282—Automobiles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/30—Means
- G10K2210/301—Computational
- G10K2210/3023—Estimation of noise, e.g. on error signals
- G10K2210/30232—Transfer functions, e.g. impulse response
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/30—Means
- G10K2210/321—Physical
- G10K2210/3227—Resonators
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sound absorption structure design method, a sound absorption structure and an acoustic package structure, wherein the sound absorption structure design method comprises the steps of obtaining target frequency and sound pressure level corresponding to a vehicle noise source, and determining a target sound absorption coefficient according to the target frequency and the sound pressure level; determining a parameter range to be measured corresponding to the sound absorption structure; based on the target frequency and the target sound absorption coefficient, testing the structural parameters of the parameter range to be tested to obtain target structural parameters; according to the target structural parameters, the sound absorption structure corresponding to the vehicle noise source is manufactured, the method can effectively control the propagation of the vehicle noise source, improve the noise reduction effect, and simultaneously meet the requirement of light weight of the vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of acoustic packaging of new energy vehicles, in particular to a sound absorption structure design method, a sound absorption structure and an acoustic package structure.
Background
In order to meet the increasing demands of people on riding comfort, the market competitiveness of the whole automobile is improved, and the noise in the automobile is particularly important. According to analysis of noise sources of the whole vehicle, the power assembly part is a main source of noise in the new energy vehicle, and the noise reduction method mainly comprises the following three steps: control at the vehicle noise source, control during propagation, and take protective action at the receiver. The most common method for the noise of the power assembly is to control the transmission path of the power assembly, and the transmission of the noise source of the vehicle is blocked by designing an acoustic package, and the main methods include sound absorption, sound insulation, damping vibration reduction and the like.
The traditional acoustic package design is to combine various sound absorbing and insulating materials such as sound absorbing and insulating materials or damping materials and the like so as to achieve the purpose of blocking noise of a noise source of a vehicle. According to the mass law, the greater the density of the material combination is, the better the sound insulation effect is, but the design of the acoustic package with the greater density cannot meet the light weight requirement of the vehicle. Meanwhile, due to the acoustic performance of the sound absorbing and insulating material, a certain noise reduction effect can be achieved only in a certain frequency band, and good energy consumption cannot be conducted on a vehicle noise source according to a specific frequency point of the vehicle noise source, so that the noise reduction effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a sound absorption structure design method, a sound absorption structure and an acoustic package structure, which are used for solving the problem of poor noise reduction effect caused by blocking noise in a material combination mode.
In a first aspect, a sound absorbing structure design method is provided, including:
acquiring a target frequency and a sound pressure level corresponding to a vehicle noise source, and determining a target sound absorption coefficient according to the target frequency and the sound pressure level;
determining a structural parameter range to be detected corresponding to the sound absorption structure;
based on the target frequency and the target sound absorption coefficient, testing the structural parameters of the structural parameter range to be tested to obtain target structural parameters corresponding to the sound absorption structure;
And manufacturing the sound absorption structure according to the target structure parameters so as to realize noise reduction through the sound absorption structure.
In a second aspect, there is provided a sound absorbing structure comprising: the sound absorption body, the sound absorption cavity and the neck short pipe are arranged in the sound absorption body, and the neck short pipe is used for communicating the sound absorption cavity with an external space; the diameter of the neck short pipe is smaller than that of the sound absorption cavity, and the sound absorption structure is manufactured according to the target structural parameters determined by the sound absorption structure design method in the first aspect
In a third aspect, there is provided an acoustic enclosure structure comprising at least one sound absorbing structure of the second aspect.
According to the sound absorption structure design method, the sound absorption structure and the acoustic package structure, the target sound absorption coefficient is determined according to the target frequency and the sound pressure level corresponding to the vehicle noise source, the to-be-detected parameter range corresponding to the sound absorption structure is determined, so that the structural parameters of the to-be-detected parameter range are tested based on the target frequency and the target sound absorption coefficient, the target structural parameters corresponding to the sound absorption structure are obtained, the sound absorption structure is manufactured according to the target structural parameters, noise at the target frequency corresponding to the vehicle noise source is reduced through the sound absorption structure, and effective energy consumption of specific noise frequency points of the vehicle noise source is achieved. Meanwhile, noise in different frequency bands is absorbed through the sound absorption structure with different structural parameters, compared with the traditional method, the noise reduction in different frequency bands is realized only by increasing the density of various material combinations, and the requirement of light weight of an automobile can be effectively met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a sound absorbing structure in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic bag structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of designing a sound absorbing structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing step S10 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing step S30 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing step S33 in FIG. 5;
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The sound absorption structure design method provided by the embodiment of the invention can be applied to different vehicles, is used for effectively controlling the propagation of a vehicle noise source, improves the noise reduction effect, and can meet the requirement of light weight of the vehicle.
In one embodiment, a sound absorbing structure is provided, a schematic structural view of which may be as shown in fig. 1. The sound absorption structure comprises a sound absorption body, a sound absorption cavity and a neck short pipe, wherein the sound absorption cavity and the neck short pipe are arranged in the sound absorption body, the neck short pipe is used for communicating the sound absorption cavity and an external space, the diameter of the neck short pipe is smaller than that of the sound absorption cavity, and the sound absorption structure is manufactured according to target structural parameters determined by the following sound absorption structure design method.
As shown in fig. 1, the sound absorption structure 10 includes a sound absorption body 101, a sound absorption cavity 102 and a neck short pipe 103 disposed in the sound absorption body, the neck short pipe 103 is used for communicating the sound absorption cavity 102 with an external space, the diameter of the neck short pipe 103 in the sound absorption structure is smaller than that of the sound absorption cavity 102 so as to form a resonance sound absorption structure, when sound waves are incident, severe resonance is generated between air in the neck short pipe 103 and air in the sound absorption cavity 102 to overcome friction force, so that sound energy of the sound waves in the propagation process is continuously converted into other forms of energy, thereby consuming the sound energy and attenuating noise.
In the sound absorption structure, the external space is connected with the sound absorption cavity through the neck short pipe, when sound waves are transmitted through the neck short pipe, the viscosity of air in the neck short pipe and the friction resistance between the air and the pipe wall are larger due to the narrow flow section, so that sound energy is severely converted into heat energy. When the incidence frequency of sound waves is consistent with the frequency of the sound absorption structure, severe resonance is generated between the air in the neck short pipe and the air in the sound absorption cavity, so that the sound energy absorption effect is enhanced, the sound energy is consumed, the noise is attenuated, and the noise reduction effect is improved.
In this embodiment, the sound absorption structure is manufactured according to the target structural parameters determined by the following sound absorption structure design method to adjust the resonance frequency, so as to achieve the purpose of absorbing noise in a specific frequency band (i.e., target frequency).
In one embodiment, the sound absorbing body in the sound absorbing structure adopts a polyurethane double-layer structure, a polyurethane single-layer structure or a polyurethane composite structure.
Specifically, according to the frequency characteristics of different vehicle noise sources, sound absorption and insulation materials with different sound absorption coefficients are selected so as to realize the sound absorption effect through different sound absorption materials (or material combinations).
In this embodiment, the polyurethane bilayer structure includes a foamed polyurethane material having a density gradient, the surface is a self-skinning layer having a certain thickness, the low-density self-skinning layer mainly plays a role in sound absorption, and the high-density self-skinning layer mainly plays a role in sound insulation. The polyurethane single-layer structure comprises a foaming polyurethane material with non-woven fabrics so as to play roles of sound absorption and heat insulation. The polyurethane composite structure comprises a composite material of polyurethane foaming material and felt so as to play roles of sound absorption and sound insulation.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, an acoustic enclosure structure is provided that includes at least one sound absorbing structure.
As shown, the acoustic enclosure structure includes at least one sound absorbing structure 10, and it should be noted that the material used in the acoustic enclosure structure is consistent with the material used in the sound absorbing body of the sound absorbing structure 10, so as to achieve the noise reduction effect by combining different sound absorbing and insulating materials (or material combinations) with the sound absorbing structure.
In this embodiment, the acoustic package structure may be designed according to different noise sources of the vehicle, and by connecting at least one sound absorption structure in parallel and wrapping the acoustic package structure on a corresponding noise source of the vehicle, the purpose of targeted noise reduction for the frequency characteristics of different noise sources of the vehicle is achieved, and the noise reduction effect is improved.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a sound absorption structure design method is provided, which includes the following steps:
S10: and obtaining the target frequency and the sound pressure level corresponding to the vehicle noise source, and determining the target sound absorption coefficient according to the target frequency and the sound pressure level.
The target frequency refers to a frequency range or a frequency corresponding to a noise peak value, wherein the frequency range or the frequency corresponding to the noise peak value is higher in the frequency composition of the noise source of the collection vehicle in the main noise transmission direction (or transmission path). The target sound absorption coefficient is a standard value of sound absorption coefficient for a subsequent test sound absorption structure. Sound pressure level is an indicator of the relative magnitude of sound intensity. Specifically, a desired noise reduction amount is determined empirically based on the target frequency and sound pressure level, and then based on the target frequency and sound pressure level corresponding to the vehicle noise source. For example, the target frequency and sound pressure level corresponding to the current noise source of the vehicle are 700HZ and 80dB, respectively, and the desired noise reduction amount is 60dB according to the experience, and a target sound absorption coefficient, that is, 20/80=0.25, is determined according to the desired noise reduction amount, that is, 60 dB. The description herein of determining the target sound absorption coefficient is merely illustrative, and not restrictive.
In this embodiment, the vehicle noise sources include, but are not limited to, the engine, the motor controller, and the transmission.
Specifically, because the current material combination mode can only carry out medium-high frequency attenuation or full-frequency band and other auxiliary attenuation on the energy of noise, some special materials have good sound absorption effect only on a broadband signal, such as sound absorption cotton has good sound absorption effect on high-frequency noise, but the material combination mode cannot have good sound absorption effect on the noise of a vehicle noise source (such as an engine) with narrower bandwidth and more concentrated energy, namely the noise reduction effect is poor. In this embodiment, the target sound absorption coefficient is determined according to the target frequency and the sound pressure level by acquiring the target frequency and the sound pressure level corresponding to the vehicle noise source, so as to effectively manufacture a sound absorption structure corresponding to the noise characteristic aiming at the noise characteristic such as the frequency characteristic of the vehicle noise source, thereby realizing targeted noise reduction of the vehicle noise source.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, in step S10, a target frequency and a sound pressure level corresponding to a noise source of a vehicle are obtained, and a target sound absorption coefficient is determined according to the target frequency and the sound pressure level, which specifically includes the following steps:
S11: and determining a target transfer path corresponding to the vehicle noise source.
In this embodiment, the target transmission path corresponding to the vehicle noise source needs to be determined because the frequency components corresponding to the different noise transmission paths are different, so that the corresponding sound absorption structure is manufactured according to the frequency characteristics corresponding to the target transmission path in a targeted manner, so as to realize energy consumption on the noise of the vehicle noise source, and improve the noise reduction effect.
In this embodiment, since the noise transmission paths are more, the target transmission path of the noise source of the vehicle may be determined first, so as to determine the corresponding target frequency according to the frequency characteristic corresponding to the target transmission path. For example, the determination of the target transfer path for the vehicle noise source may be determined as follows: the method comprises the steps of arranging sound sensors at a vehicle noise source (such as an engine) and a vehicle noise test point (such as a driver right ear position), arranging vibration sensors at a noise transfer point (such as a vehicle door and a floor) to collect noise data, converting the noise data collected by the sound sensors and the vibration sensors into frequency spectrums, determining a correlation frequency (such as 100-200 Hz) with larger correlation between the vehicle noise source and the vehicle noise test point by comparing the frequency spectrums corresponding to the vehicle noise source and the vehicle noise test point under the same working condition (such as idling and 40 km/h), determining a maximum noise energy corresponding to the correlation frequency in the frequency spectrums corresponding to the noise transfer point according to the correlation frequency, and determining a target transfer path according to the target transfer point, namely, determining a target transfer path of noise emitted by the vehicle noise source to the test point of the vehicle noise through the target transfer point.
S12: and determining the target frequency according to the frequency characteristics corresponding to the target transmission path.
Specifically, the frequency characteristics corresponding to different noise transmission paths are different, and analysis is performed on the frequency characteristics corresponding to the target transmission path to determine the target frequency. For example, if there is a noise peak in the frequency characteristic corresponding to the target transmission path, and the noise energy corresponding to the noise peak is much higher than the noise energy corresponding to the other frequency characteristics, the frequency corresponding to the noise peak may be taken as the target frequency. If the noise energy corresponding to the noise transmission path is concentrated in the frequency characteristics corresponding to the target transmission path, the frequency range corresponding to the portion in which the noise energy is concentrated may be used as the target frequency.
In this embodiment, the target frequency and the sound pressure level corresponding to the vehicle noise source are obtained, so that the target sound absorption coefficient is determined according to the target frequency and the sound pressure level, the structural parameters of the parameter range to be tested are conveniently tested according to the set target frequency and target sound absorption coefficient, and the target structural parameters corresponding to the sound absorption structure are obtained, so that noise of different frequency bands is reduced.
S20: and determining the range of the parameter to be measured corresponding to the sound absorption structure.
The parameter range to be measured is a structure parameter range estimated according to actual conditions. In this embodiment, the structural parameters corresponding to the sound absorption structure include structural parameters corresponding to the neck short pipe (such as the length and the diameter of the neck short pipe) and structural parameters corresponding to the sound absorption cavity (such as the diameter of the sound absorption cavity and the depth of the sound absorption cavity).
30: And testing the structural parameters of the parameter range to be tested based on the target frequency and the target sound absorption coefficient, and obtaining the target structural parameters corresponding to the sound absorption structure.
The parameter range to be measured comprises a first geometric parameter range corresponding to the neck short pipe and a second geometric parameter range corresponding to the sound absorption cavity. The first range of geometric parameters may include a range of values corresponding to a neck spool diameter and a neck spool length. The second range of geometric parameters may include a range of values corresponding to a sound absorbing cavity diameter and a sound absorbing cavity depth.
In the sound absorption structure, the external space is connected with the sound absorption cavity through the neck short pipe, when sound waves are transmitted through the neck short pipe, the elongated neck short pipe (namely, the diameter of the neck short pipe is small and the length of the neck short pipe is long) has a narrow flow section, and the viscosity of air in the neck short pipe and the friction resistance between the air and the pipe wall are larger, so that sound energy is severely converted into heat energy. When the incidence frequency of sound waves is consistent with the frequency of the sound absorption structure, severe resonance is generated between the air in the neck short pipe and the air in the sound absorption cavity, so that the sound energy absorption effect is enhanced, the sound energy is consumed, and the noise is attenuated. In this embodiment, the target structural parameters of the sound absorption structure are adjusted to adjust the resonance frequency, so as to absorb noise in different frequency bands.
Specifically, different structural parameters in the range of parameters to be tested are selected for testing to determine target structural parameters corresponding to target frequency and target sound absorption coefficient, so that a sound absorption structure is manufactured according to the target structural parameters, and targeted noise reduction is achieved through the sound absorption structure, so that noise reduction effect is improved.
In an embodiment, the parameter range to be measured includes a first geometrical parameter range and a second geometrical parameter range; as shown in fig. 5, in step S30, that is, based on the target frequency and the target sound absorption coefficient, the structural parameters of the to-be-detected parameter range are tested to obtain the target structural parameters corresponding to the sound absorption structure, which specifically includes the following steps:
s31: and circularly selecting a first target parameter and a second target parameter from the first geometric parameter range and the second geometric parameter range as a group of parameter groups to be tested.
Wherein the first target parameter refers to a neck spool diameter and a neck spool length selected from a first range of geometric parameters. The second target parameter refers to a sound absorbing cavity diameter and a sound absorbing cavity depth selected from a second range of geometric parameters. And taking a first target parameter and a second target parameter which are arbitrarily selected from the first geometric parameter range and the second geometric parameter range as a group of parameter groups to be tested, so that the group of parameters to be tested is used for subsequent testing.
S32: and determining the maximum sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point corresponding to the parameter set to be tested.
Specifically, after any one set of parameter sets to be tested is determined, the parameter sets to be tested are processed to determine sound absorption characteristic curves of different sound absorption peak values and bandwidths corresponding to the parameter sets to be tested, so that the maximum sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point corresponding to the parameter sets to be tested are determined.
In one embodiment, the sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point corresponding to the parameter set to be tested can be determined by adopting an analog simulation test or an actual sample test. For example, in the process of testing an actual sample, an actual sample of the sound absorption structure is firstly constructed based on the parameter set to be tested, and the actual sample is used for testing to determine a corresponding sound absorption characteristic curve, and a corresponding maximum sound absorption coefficient and a test frequency point are determined according to the sound absorption characteristic curve.
In one embodiment, determining the sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point corresponding to the parameter set to be tested may be determined by using comprehensive theoretical analysis, that is, in step S32, determining the maximum sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point corresponding to the parameter set to be tested includes: and processing the parameter set to be tested according to the acoustic model, and determining the maximum sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point corresponding to the parameter set to be tested.
Wherein the acoustic model comprises the following formula:
And
In the above formula: z s represents the relative acoustic impedance after n sound absorbing structures are connected in parallel, D 0 represents the neck stub diameter, l 0 represents the neck stub length, D represents the sound absorbing cavity diameter, H represents the sound absorbing cavity depth, ω represents the angular frequency, ω=2pi f, l' 0 represents the neck stub equivalent length, S 0 represents the neck stub cross-sectional area, S A represents the sound absorption volume, R a represents the acoustic impedance, η is the viscous coefficient in air, R represents the real part of the relative acoustic impedance, M represents the imaginary part of the relative acoustic impedance, ρ 0 represents the air density, C a represents the acoustic compliance of the sound absorbing cavity, C 0 represents the sound velocity in air, M a represents the neck stub acoustic mass, re () represents the function of calculating R, lm () represents the function of calculating M.
S33: and if the maximum sound absorption coefficient is matched with the target sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point is matched with the target frequency, acquiring the target structural parameter.
Specifically, if the maximum sound absorption coefficient is matched with the target sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point is matched with the target frequency, it can be understood that the maximum sound absorption coefficient is within the set target sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point is within the set target frequency, then the target structural parameter corresponding to the sound absorption structure is obtained.
In this embodiment, different parameters to be tested are selected and tested by selecting different structural parameters in the parameter range to be tested, that is, different parameter sets to be tested are selected and tested from the first geometric parameter range and the second aggregate parameter range respectively, and then calculation is performed according to the selected parameter sets to be tested, so as to determine the maximum sound absorption coefficient and the corresponding frequency corresponding to the selected parameter sets, so as to determine whether the set target frequency and the target sound absorption coefficient are met according to the maximum sound absorption coefficient and the corresponding frequency, and further obtain the target structural parameter corresponding to the sound absorption structure, so as to manufacture the sound absorption structure according to the target structural parameter, and realize noise reduction through the sound absorption structure.
In an embodiment, after step S32, the sound absorption structure design method further includes: s34: and if the maximum sound absorption coefficient is not matched with the target sound absorption coefficient or the test frequency point is not matched with the target frequency, repeating the step of selecting the first target parameter and the second target parameter from the first geometric parameter range and the second geometric parameter range as a group of parameter groups to be tested by executing circulation.
Specifically, if the maximum sound absorption coefficient is not matched with the target sound absorption coefficient or if the test frequency point is not matched with the target frequency, repeating the step of selecting the first target parameter and the second target parameter from the first geometric parameter range and the second geometric parameter range as a group of parameter sets to be tested to realize the cyclic test of the structural parameters in the first geometric parameter range and the second geometric parameter range so as to obtain the target structural parameters meeting the conditions.
S40: and manufacturing a sound absorption structure corresponding to the vehicle noise source according to the target structural parameters.
Specifically, a sound absorption structure corresponding to a vehicle noise source is manufactured according to the target structure parameters, so that the noise under the target frequency corresponding to the vehicle noise source is reduced in a targeted manner through the sound absorption structure, effective energy consumption is realized on specific noise frequency points of the vehicle noise source, and the noise reduction effect is improved. Meanwhile, noise in different frequency bands is absorbed through the sound absorption structure with different structural parameters, compared with the traditional method of reducing the noise in different frequency bands according to the increase of the density of various material combinations, the requirement of automobile light weight can be effectively met.
In this embodiment, by acquiring the target frequency and the sound pressure level corresponding to the vehicle noise source, determining the target sound absorption coefficient and determining the to-be-measured parameter range corresponding to the sound absorption structure according to the target frequency and the sound pressure level, so as to test the structural parameter of the to-be-measured parameter range based on the target frequency and the target sound absorption coefficient, acquiring the target structural parameter corresponding to the sound absorption structure, and then manufacturing the sound absorption structure according to the target structural parameter, so as to reduce noise at the target frequency corresponding to the vehicle noise source through the sound absorption structure, thereby realizing effective energy consumption for the specific noise frequency point of the vehicle noise source and improving the noise reduction effect. Meanwhile, noise in different frequency bands is absorbed through the sound absorption structure with different structural parameters, compared with the traditional method of reducing the noise in different frequency bands according to the increase of the density of various material combinations, the requirement of automobile light weight can be effectively met.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, in step S33, if the maximum sound absorption coefficient matches the target sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point matches the target frequency, the target structural parameter corresponding to the sound absorption structure is obtained, which specifically includes the following steps:
S331: and if the maximum sound absorption coefficient is matched with the target sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point is matched with the target frequency, acquiring a matching structure parameter corresponding to the sound absorption structure.
The matched structural parameter refers to a structural parameter that the corresponding maximum sound absorption coefficient is matched with the target sound absorption coefficient, and the test frequency point is matched with the target frequency. Specifically, if the maximum sound absorption coefficient is matched with the target sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point is matched with the target frequency, the matching structure parameter corresponding to the sound absorption structure is obtained.
S332: and verifying the matched structure parameters, and determining the successfully verified matched structure parameters as target structure parameters.
Specifically, an acoustic package designed according to the sound absorption structure corresponding to the matching structure parameter is wrapped on a vehicle noise source for testing, test noise data are collected, the test noise data are compared and analyzed with original noise data collected by the vehicle noise source which is not wrapped by the acoustic package, if the noise peak value in the test noise data is reduced or eliminated compared with the noise peak value in the original noise data under the same frequency, the sound absorption structure corresponding to the matching structure parameter can be proved to realize the noise reduction effect, and therefore the successfully verified matching structure parameter is determined as the target structure parameter.
In this embodiment, by verifying the matching structure parameters that meet the design conditions (that is, meet the set target frequency and the target sound absorption coefficient), the matching structure parameters that are successfully verified are determined as the target structure parameters, so that the noise reduction effect is better when the sound absorption structure is manufactured according to the target structure parameters.
It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the foregoing embodiment does not mean that the execution sequence of each process should be determined by the function and the internal logic, and should not limit the implementation process of the embodiment of the present invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above described methods may be accomplished by way of a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, which when executed, may comprise the steps of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. The nonvolatile memory can include Read Only Memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (SYNCHLINK) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), among others.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-described division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical application, the above-described functional distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, i.e. the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-described functions.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A sound absorption structure design method, comprising:
Arranging sound sensors at a vehicle noise source and a vehicle internal noise test point, acquiring noise data corresponding to the vehicle noise source and the vehicle internal noise test point, arranging vibration sensors at noise transfer points, acquiring noise data corresponding to the noise transfer points, converting the noise data into frequency spectrums, comparing the frequency spectrums corresponding to the vehicle noise source and the vehicle internal noise test point under the same working condition, determining a correlation frequency with larger correlation between the vehicle noise source and the vehicle internal noise test point, determining a noise transfer point with the largest noise energy corresponding to the correlation frequency according to the frequency spectrums corresponding to the noise transfer points as a target transfer point, and determining a path of the noise of the vehicle noise source transferred from the target transfer point to the vehicle internal noise test point as a target transfer path; determining a target frequency according to the frequency characteristics corresponding to the target transmission path; the target frequency refers to a frequency range or a frequency corresponding to a noise peak value, wherein the frequency range or the frequency corresponding to the noise peak value is higher in the frequency composition of the noise source of the vehicle in the main noise transmission direction or the transmission path;
acquiring the sound pressure level corresponding to a vehicle noise source, determining the noise reduction amount according to the target frequency and the sound pressure level, and determining a target sound absorption coefficient according to the noise reduction amount and the sound pressure level; the target sound absorption coefficient is a standard value for testing the sound absorption coefficient of the sound absorption structure;
Determining a to-be-detected parameter range corresponding to the sound absorption structure, wherein the to-be-detected parameter range comprises a first geometric parameter range corresponding to the neck short pipe and a second geometric parameter range corresponding to the sound absorption cavity; circularly selecting a first target parameter and a second target parameter from the first geometric parameter range and the second geometric parameter range as a group of parameter groups to be tested; processing the parameter set to be tested, and determining a maximum sound absorption coefficient and a test frequency point corresponding to the parameter set to be tested; if the maximum sound absorption coefficient is matched with the target sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point is matched with the target frequency, acquiring a matching structure parameter corresponding to the sound absorption structure; verifying the matching structure parameters, wrapping an acoustic package designed according to the sound absorption structure corresponding to the matching structure parameters on a vehicle noise source for testing, collecting test noise data, comparing and analyzing the test noise data with original noise data collected by the vehicle noise source which is not wrapped by the acoustic package, and if the noise peak value in the test noise data is reduced or eliminated compared with the noise peak value in the original noise data under the same frequency, determining the matching structure parameters which are successfully verified as target structure parameters;
and manufacturing a sound absorption structure corresponding to the vehicle noise source according to the target structure parameter.
2. The sound absorption structure design method according to claim 1, wherein after determining the maximum sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point corresponding to the parameter set to be tested, the sound absorption structure design method further comprises:
And if the maximum sound absorption coefficient is not matched with the target sound absorption coefficient or the test frequency point is not matched with the target frequency, repeating the step of selecting a first target parameter and a second target parameter from the first geometric parameter range and the second geometric parameter range as a group of parameter groups to be tested by the circulation.
3. The sound absorption structure design method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the maximum sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point corresponding to the parameter set to be tested includes:
and processing the parameter set to be tested according to the acoustic model, and determining the maximum sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point corresponding to the parameter set to be tested.
4. A sound absorbing structure comprising: the sound absorption body, the sound absorption cavity and the neck short pipe are arranged in the sound absorption body, and the neck short pipe is used for communicating the sound absorption cavity with an external space; the diameter of the neck short pipe is smaller than that of the sound absorption cavity; the sound absorbing structure is manufactured according to the target structural parameters determined by the sound absorbing structure design method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The sound absorbing structure of claim 4, wherein the sound absorbing body is a polyurethane double-layer structure, a polyurethane single-layer structure, or a polyurethane composite structure.
6. An acoustic enclosure structure comprising at least one sound absorbing structure according to any one of claims 4-5.
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| CN115879209A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2023-03-31 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Modeling method of equivalent connected acoustic cavity model and equivalent connected acoustic cavity model |
| CN114166949B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2024-04-02 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | In-vehicle sound absorption testing method, device and equipment |
| CN115662381B (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-04-04 | 苏州巨能发电配套设备有限公司 | Acoustic package, motor noise reduction casing and assembling method |
| CN117669013A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2024-03-08 | 岚图汽车科技有限公司 | Acoustic package design method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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