CN112444477B - Device for indoor permeability test and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Device for indoor permeability test and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112444477B CN112444477B CN202011468033.0A CN202011468033A CN112444477B CN 112444477 B CN112444477 B CN 112444477B CN 202011468033 A CN202011468033 A CN 202011468033A CN 112444477 B CN112444477 B CN 112444477B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 105
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000779819 Syncarpia glomulifera Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001739 pinus spp. Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940036248 turpentine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940045860 white wax Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000004836 Glue Stick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for an indoor permeability test and an operation method thereof, the device comprises a water supply barrel, an exhaust pipe, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, self-made paraffin, a steel pipe cover, a steel pipe, a measuring cylinder, a salt lake core sample and a latex pipe, wherein the water supply barrel is provided with the latex pipe, the latex pipe is connected with the steel pipe through the water inlet pipe, the steel pipe is provided with the steel pipe cover, the steel pipe cover is provided with the exhaust pipe and the water outlet pipe, the salt lake core sample, the self-made paraffin and the measuring cylinder are arranged in the steel pipe, and brine is contained in the water supply barrel. The invention also provides an operation method of the device for the indoor permeability test. The method for measuring the permeability coefficient of the salt lake core sample can fill the blank in the field of testing, and the accurate determination of the permeability coefficient of the salt lake core sample has very important significance for the calculation of reserves in salt lake investigation, is beneficial to division of halogen-containing layers, and is suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of permeability coefficient testing, and particularly relates to a device for an indoor permeability test and an operation method thereof.
Background
The permeability coefficient is also called as hydraulic conductivity coefficient, and represents the difficulty of fluid passing through the pore skeleton, and is an index for comprehensively reflecting the permeability of soil. The permeability coefficient is generally tested in China by adopting a geotechnical test method (applicable to sand samples) or a liquid and gas flow meter method (applicable to rock samples) of an oil system. Salt lake core samples are special, salt grain crystals are different in shape and size, and sand and the like are unevenly doped; the rock core has very compact rock core and very loose rock core, and has rock core with rock salt crystal as main component and sand as main component. At present, no related research report on the permeability coefficient test of the salt lake core sample exists in China, and the research on the determination of the permeability coefficient of the salt lake core sample can fill the blank in the field of the test. The accurate determination of the permeability coefficient of the salt lake core sample has very important significance for the calculation of reserves in salt lake investigation, and is beneficial to division of halogen-containing layers. Therefore, the research on the determination of the permeability coefficient of the salt lake core sample is significant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to make up the blank in the prior art and provides a device for an indoor permeability test and an operation method thereof.
The technical scheme is as follows:
The utility model provides an indoor device for permeability test, includes water supply bucket 2, blast pipe 3, inlet tube 4, outlet pipe 5, self-control paraffin 6, steel pipe cover 7, steel pipe 8, graduated flask 9, salt lake core sample 10 and emulsion pipe 11, be equipped with emulsion pipe 11 on the water supply bucket 2, be connected through inlet tube 4 between emulsion pipe 11 and the steel pipe 8, be equipped with steel pipe cover 7 on the steel pipe 8, be equipped with blast pipe 3 and outlet pipe 5 on the steel pipe cover 7, the inside salt lake core sample 10, self-control paraffin 6 and the graduated flask 9 that is equipped with of steel pipe 8, the inside brine 1 of holding of water supply bucket 2.
Further, the specification of the water supply tub 2 is 60cm×60cm×50cm.
Further, the steel pipe cover 7 has an inner diameter of 15cm and an outer diameter of 16cm.
Further, the inner diameter of the steel pipe 8 was 14cm, the outer diameter thereof was 15cm, and the length thereof was 11.5cm.
Further, the measuring cylinder 9 has a standard of 100ml, is straight and has scales, and is used for directly measuring the volume of the out-flowing brine at the water outlet pipe 5, and the usage is that the straight 100ml scale measuring cylinder is used for measuring the time required for 100ml of out-flowing brine at the water outlet pipe.
The operation method of the device for the indoor permeability test comprises the following steps:
Step 1, simply describing sample composition, loosening degree and the like of the sample property of the salt lake core before the test, roughly judging the permeability of the sample of the salt lake core, and carrying out a permeability test on the columnar core which mainly comprises the rock salt crystal by using an MD-04 type reservoir sensitivity flow experimental device according to the judgment; and carrying out a penetration test on the core with good permeability and the core mainly composed of sandy soil by using a constant head device. And each salt lake core sample was photographed.
Step 2, permeability coefficient test detection of MD-04 type reservoir sensitivity flow experiment device:
① Processing a salt lake core sample: firstly, processing a salt lake core sample, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps of: cutting a core sample into a certain length (about 10-15 cm), accurately measuring the length (L) and the diameter (d) of the core, and winding a plurality of layers of water-stopping adhesive tapes;
② Detection of salt lake core samples: the coiled salt lake core sample is placed in a holder (the holder with the inner diameter of 80mm for a core and the holder with the inner diameter of 110mm for a core with the diameter of more than 80 mm), a plug is installed, the core is pressurized to be 2MPa by a manual pressurizing device, the brine pressure at the front end of the core is provided by connecting brine in a water supply bottle or brine storage bottle, the height (delta H) of a water supply bottle recording head is measured, the pressure gauge pressure (delta P) is recorded in a brine storage bottle, and the brine volume (Q) flowing out in unit time (t) is recorded after the brine flowing out from a water outlet end is stable, namely the time required for measuring 100ml of flowing out brine at a water outlet pipe is measured by using a straight 100ml scale measuring cylinder.
③ The permeability coefficient (measured by a flow experimental device and the pressure provided by a water supply bottle) of the salt lake core sample is calculated according to the following formula:
kT＝Q*L/(t*ρ*ΔH*A)
The permeability coefficient (measured by a flow experimental device and the pressure provided by the brine storage bottle) of the salt lake core sample is calculated according to the following formula:
kT＝Q*L/(t*ΔP*A*104)
Wherein: k T is the permeability coefficient in units of cm/s;
Q the amount of permeated brine in cm3 in time t;
A is the cross-sectional area of brine passing through an undisturbed salt sample, and the unit is cm < 2 >;
l is the length of the undisturbed salt sample, and the unit is cm;
Δh is brine head height in cm;
ρ is the brine weight.
Step 3, constant head device permeability coefficient test detection:
① Processing a salt lake core sample: firstly, processing a salt lake core sample, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps of: cutting a core sample into a certain length (about 10 cm), and accurately measuring the length (L) and the diameter (d) of the core; coating a layer of glue on the side surface of a cylinder of a core sample in a thin manner, vertically placing the sample into a steel pipe of a permeation container after 10 to 20 minutes, covering the upper and lower surfaces of the core sample by using a water stop adhesive tape, and pouring by using a boiled paraffin solution (note that the distance between the core wall and the inner wall of the steel pipe is at least 2mm, and pouring melted paraffin into a seam until the upper edge of the core sample is reached); after the paraffin is solidified, the steel pipe filled with the salt core sample is trimmed, the paraffin and the inner wall of the steel pipe are stuck together by using the glue, one surface is three points, and a layer of clay is coated on the paraffin for water inflow measurement.
② Detection of salt lake core samples: and screwing the processed steel pipe filled with the core sample on a steel pipe cover, and performing a penetration test by using a constant water head device or a variable water head device (firstly introducing brine for exhausting). The constant water head device is used for controlling the height (delta H) of the water head, and recording the volume (Q) of the brine flowing out in unit time (t) after the brine flowing out from the water outlet end is stable, namely, measuring the time required by flowing out 100ml of brine at the water outlet pipe by using a straight 100ml scale measuring cylinder (5).
③ The permeability coefficient of the salt lake core sample (measured by a constant head permeability test device) is calculated according to the following formula:
kT＝Q*L/(t*ρ*ΔH*A)
Wherein: k T is the permeability coefficient in units of cm/s;
Q the amount of permeated brine in cm3 in time t;
A is the cross-sectional area of brine passing through an undisturbed salt sample, and the unit is cm < 2 >;
l is the length of the undisturbed salt sample, and the unit is cm;
Δh is brine head height in cm;
ρ is the brine weight.
Step 4, quality control of salt lake core sample permeability coefficient measurement
The test of permeability coefficient of salt lake core sample belongs to destructive test. All data personnel record that, in order to ensure quality, the test should be operated by two persons together, the states of the test sample before and after the damage should be described, so that the reliability of the test data can be judged by applying professional theoretical knowledge, and the electronic weighing equipment must be used after calibration. The absolute error of the osmotic coefficient test result is carried out according to the requirement of the allowable difference of the geotechnical test on the osmotic coefficient in the standard (the geological mineral laboratory test quality management standard DZ/T0130.12-2006) (namely, the osmotic coefficient takes the average value of 3-4 measured values within the allowable difference range, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of k T＝A*10-n and A is not more than 2).
The constant head permeation test is suitable for samples with larger permeation coefficients, namely k T＝1*10-2cm/s～1*10-3 cm/s; the test of a sample with a smaller permeability coefficient, namely k T＝1*10-3cm/s～1*10-6 cm/s, is carried out by adopting a variable water head permeation device; for samples of very high and very low permeability, special test methods or indirect calculation of the permeability coefficient are required.
Further, the paraffin in the step 3 is the paraffin which is boiled by the ratio of the rosin to the turpentine to the ferric oxide of 6.5:3:1:1.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for measuring the permeability coefficient of the salt lake core sample can fill the blank in the field of testing, and the accurate determination of the permeability coefficient of the salt lake core sample has very important significance for the calculation of reserves in salt lake investigation, is beneficial to division of halogen-containing layers, and is suitable for popularization and application.
The device has simple and reasonable structure, good sealing performance and strong practicability, and is suitable for indoor and outdoor operation; the wax seal solves the key problem that the rock core sample of the salt lake is not tightly sealed under the condition of almost no disturbance and is easy to flow around; the paraffin in the device can be used for separating the steel pipe from the paraffin through hot water steel pipe casting, and the device is convenient to reuse.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an apparatus for an indoor permeation test according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a glue-stick, clay-seal sample, wherein a is a brothers glue-stick, and B is a clay-smear seal;
FIG. 3 is a sample of a wax sealed in a steel jacket, wherein A is the steel jacket and B is the core of the wax sealed in the steel jacket;
FIG. 4 is a photograph of a permeability test salt lake core sample;
Fig. 5 is a core sample, wherein a is a core sample with a water stop tape wound on a holder, and B is a core sample with a holder to be tested.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings and specific embodiments.
Test equipment and test conditions
Because of the specificity of the salt lake core sample, the test requirement of the permeability coefficient is as follows: a raw sample; the permeation test medium must be brine that is taken on site. Two improved devices are adopted to carry out a penetration test on a salt lake core sample:
1. MD-04 type reservoir sensitivity flow assay device:
The device is improved by a liquid flow meter of a petroleum system: the manual pressurizing device (pressure gauge 40 MPa), the nitrogen bottle, the 5L halogen storage bottle (pressure gauge 1 MPa), the plug and the sample holder (with inner diameter of 80mm and 110 mm) are connected through pipelines. The columnar sample is put into the instrument sample holder, the sample is pressed by adopting a 2MPa ring to prevent side leakage of a permeable medium, the brine pressure at the front end of the rock core is 0-0.01MPa, which is provided by a 50L plastic bucket serving as a latex tube connecting plug for a water supply bottle, and 0.01-1.00MPa is provided by nitrogen in a nitrogen bottle to drive brine storage bottle brine. The sample must be a columnar core with a predominantly slate crystal composition that is very compact.
2. Constant head permeation test setup as shown in figure 1.
The device is formed by improving a constant water head permeation device and a variable water head permeation device in a geotechnical test method standard (GB/T50123-2019) permeation test: the processing of the infiltration container as shown in the figure comprises a steel pipe (the diameter is 14cm, the length is 11.5cm, threads are arranged at two ends of the outer wall), and a steel pipe cover (an exhaust pipe and a water inlet pipe are arranged on the cover, and threads are arranged on the inner wall); a plastic bucket with the volume of 50L is used as a water supply bottle, and brine taken on site is filled as a permeation test medium; the permeation container and the water supply bottle are connected into a constant head permeation device as shown in the figure by using a latex tube. The difficulty of the test is that the undisturbed sample of the salt lake core is sealed in a permeable container, and water is not filled around the sample. The modified paraffin sealing method is used for sealing the undisturbed sample of the salt core of the salt lake in a steel pipe of a permeation container after experimental study: ① The paraffin with viscosity is decocted, the paraffin with viscosity, rosin, turpentine and ferric oxide in the ratio of 6.5:3:1:1 has low viscosity and melting point; ② Coating a layer of universal glue on the side surface of a cylindrical body of an undisturbed sample of a salt lake salt core, placing the sample into a steel pipe of a permeation container after 10 to 20 minutes, and pouring the sample with a decocted paraffin solution; ③ After the paraffin is solidified, the paraffin and the inner wall of the steel pipe are stuck together by using two glue, and one surface is provided with three points; ④ A layer of clay is coated on the paraffin wax for water inlet measurement. The sealed core is shown in fig. 2.
The brine pressure at the front end of the rock core is 0-0.02MPa, and is provided by connecting a 50L plastic barrel serving as a latex tube for a water supply bottle. The samples were loose cores and cores with a sand composition as the main.
(III) procedure for penetration test
1. Early test process for permeability coefficient of salt lake core sample
No related research report exists in the test of the permeability coefficient of the rock core sample of the salt lake, and the liquid flow meter for measuring the permeability coefficient of the rock according to the petroleum system in the early stage is improved into an MD-04 type reservoir sensitivity flow experimental device. The operation procedure is as follows: cutting a core sample into a certain length (about 10-15 cm), accurately measuring the length (L) and the diameter (d) of the core, winding a plurality of layers of water stop adhesive tapes, putting into a holder, installing a plug, pressurizing to the core annular pressure of 2MPa by a manual pressurizing device, connecting brine storage bottle brine to provide the brine pressure at the front end of the core through a nitrogen bottle, recording the pressure gauge pressure (delta P) by the brine storage bottle, and recording the volume (Q) of the brine flowing out in unit time (t) after the brine flowing out from the water outlet end is stable. The calculation formula is as follows: k T＝Q*L/(t*ΔP*A*104). The results of the first stage test section of the permeability coefficient of the salt lake core sample at the early stage are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 results of early first stage experiments on permeability coefficients
The salt lake core sample is taken from the upper part of the salt-containing layer, is a main halogen-containing layer, is loose and has a large permeability coefficient according to geological records. The analysis shows that the core ring pressure is large and about 2.5MPa, and the loose core sample is pressed to be compact. For this reason, the core ring is reduced to about 2.0MPa (too low can lead to side leakage around the core), and the test result is also poor.
In order to prevent the compression of loose core samples by ring pressure, a steel sleeve shown in fig. 3 is designed, core samples are sealed in the steel sleeve by white wax, and then the core samples are put into a holder for testing according to operation procedures, so that the early second stage test results of permeability coefficients of the core samples of salt lakes are obtained, and partial results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 results of early second stage permeation coefficient test
The salt lake core sample is taken from the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the salt-containing layer, and has a halogen-containing layer and a non-halogen-containing layer, namely a loose sample and a compact sample, and has a larger value and a very small value according to the geological record permeability coefficient. However, the test results are unified and larger, and are not distinguished. The analysis shows that: gaps are formed between the white wax and the core sample, the wax seal is not tight, and the osmotic coefficient test results are large and false values because the osmotic medium flows through the gaps.
The above experiments show that: in order to test the permeability coefficient of the salt lake core sample, the problem of sealing the core sample must be solved. Wax sealing is the best choice, white wax or yellow wax has poor adhesion, and is large in shrinkage after melting and cooling, and gaps are easy to generate between the wax and the core sample. Through reference data and multiple tests, the paraffin prepared by decocting the paraffin, rosin, turpentine and ferric oxide in the ratio of 6.5:3:1:1 has viscosity, low melting point and good wax sealing effect. Secondly, the problem of a permeation device is that the wax-sealed rock core cannot be guaranteed not to generate gaps, false values can be easily measured once the false values exist, and the water outlet end can be observed during permeation. The constant water head permeation device is formed by improving a constant water head permeation device and a variable water head permeation device in a geotechnical test method standard (GB/T50123-2019) permeation test. The steel pipe cover at the water outlet end of the device is detachable, and the steel pipe cover can be screwed after observation; when the water supply bottle is large in size and is permeated, the brine pressure at the front end of the rock core is not influenced, and the water head pressure within 2 meters is adjustable; the exhaust pipe on the steel pipe cover can exhaust the air in the infiltration device. The sample composition, the loosening degree and the like of the rock core sample of the salt lake are simply described before the test, and photographing is carried out, so that the permeability of the rock core sample can be roughly judged, and false values can be prevented from being measured.
According to the method, a third-stage test is carried out on the permeability coefficients of 43 salt lake core samples by using an improved constant head infiltration device, the pictures of the salt lake core samples are shown in fig. 4, and partial test results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 results of early third stage permeation coefficient test
The salt lake core samples are also taken from the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the salt-containing layer, have a halogen-containing layer and a non-halogen-containing layer, namely a loose sample and a compact sample, and have larger values and smaller values according to geological record permeability coefficients. The test result shows that the permeability coefficient of the salt lake core sample can be effectively tested by using the improved constant head permeation device and the wax sealing method. Samples with permeability coefficients of less than 1X 10 -6 cm/s, i.e. particularly small, cannot be detected by this method and require special test methods.
2. Salt lake core sample permeability coefficient test method
A set of salt lake core sample permeability coefficient testing method is summarized by the salt lake core sample permeability coefficient early-stage test process and the results thereof and referring to the permeability coefficient measurement of geotechnical test method Standard (GB/T50123-2019) and the DZ/T0130.12-2006 of geological mineral laboratory test quality management Specification.
(1) Before the test, sample composition, loosening degree and the like are simply described for the properties of the salt lake core sample, the permeability of the salt lake core sample is roughly judged, and according to the judgment, a permeability test is carried out on a columnar core which mainly comprises a rock salt crystal composition and is very compact by using an MD-04 type reservoir sensitivity flow experimental device; and carrying out a penetration test on the core with good permeability and the core mainly composed of sandy soil by using a constant head device. And each salt lake core sample was photographed.
(2) MD-04 type reservoir sensitivity flow experiment device permeability coefficient test detection procedure:
① Processing a salt lake core sample: firstly, processing a salt lake core sample, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps of: the core sample was cut to length (about 10-15 cm), the core length (L) and diameter (d) were accurately measured, and several layers of water stop tape were wound, as shown in fig. 5.
② Detection of salt lake core samples: the coiled salt lake core sample is placed in a holder (the holder with the inner diameter of 80mm for a core and the holder with the inner diameter of 110mm for a core with the diameter of more than 80 mm), a plug is installed, the core is pressurized to be 2MPa by a manual pressurizing device, the brine pressure at the front end of the core is provided by connecting brine in a water supply bottle or brine storage bottle, the height (delta H) of a water supply bottle recording head is measured, the pressure (delta P) of a brine storage bottle is measured, and the brine flowing out from a water outlet end begins to record the brine volume (Q) flowing out in unit time (t) after the brine flowing out from the water outlet end is stable.
③ The permeability coefficient (measured by a flow experimental device and the pressure provided by a water supply bottle) of the salt lake core sample is calculated according to the following formula:
kT＝Q*L/(t*ρ*ΔH*A)
The permeability coefficient (measured by a flow experimental device and the pressure provided by the brine storage bottle) of the salt lake core sample is calculated according to the following formula:
kT＝Q*L/(t*ΔP*A*104)
Wherein: k T is the permeability coefficient in units of cm/s;
The amount of permeated brine in Q time t is 3 units cm;
A is the cross-sectional area of brine passing through an undisturbed salt sample, and the unit is cm 2;
l is the length of the undisturbed salt sample, and the unit is cm;
Δh is brine head height in cm;
ρ is the brine weight.
(3) The permeability coefficient test detection procedure of the constant head device comprises the following steps:
① Processing a salt lake core sample: firstly, processing a salt lake core sample, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps of: cutting a core sample into a certain length (about 10 cm), and accurately measuring the length (L) and the diameter (d) of the core; coating a layer of glue on the side surface of a cylinder of a core sample in a thin manner, vertically placing the sample into a steel pipe of a permeation container after 10 to 20 minutes, covering the upper and lower surfaces of the core sample by using a water stop adhesive tape, and pouring by using a boiled paraffin solution (note that the distance between the core wall and the inner wall of the steel pipe is at least 2mm, and pouring melted paraffin into a seam until the upper edge of the core sample is reached); after the paraffin is solidified, the steel pipe filled with the salt core sample is trimmed, the paraffin and the inner wall of the steel pipe are stuck together by using the glue, one surface is three points, and a layer of clay is coated on the paraffin for water inflow measurement.
② Detection of salt lake core samples: and screwing the processed steel pipe filled with the core sample on a steel pipe cover, and performing a penetration test by using a constant water head device or a variable water head device (firstly introducing brine for exhausting). The constant water head device controls the height (delta H) of the constant water head, and records the volume (Q) of the brine flowing out in unit time (t) after the brine flowing out from the water outlet end is stable
③ The permeability coefficient of the salt lake core sample (measured by a constant head permeability test device) is calculated according to the following formula:
kT＝Q*L/(t*ρ*ΔH*A)
Wherein: k T is the permeability coefficient in units of cm/s;
The amount of permeated brine in Q time t is 3 units cm;
A is the cross-sectional area of brine passing through an undisturbed salt sample, and the unit is cm 2;
l is the length of the undisturbed salt sample, and the unit is cm;
Δh is brine head height in cm;
ρ is the brine weight.
(4) Quality control for measuring permeability coefficient of salt lake core sample
The test of permeability coefficient of salt lake core sample belongs to destructive test. All data personnel record that, in order to ensure quality, the test should be operated by two persons together, the states of the test sample before and after the damage should be described, so that the reliability of the test data can be judged by applying professional theoretical knowledge, and the electronic weighing equipment must be used after calibration. The absolute error of the permeability coefficient test results is performed as per the requirements of the geotechnical test allowable difference on the permeability coefficient in the specifications (geological mineral laboratory test quality management specifications DZ/T0130.12-2006) (i.e. the permeability coefficient takes the average value of 3-4 measured values within the allowable difference range, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of k T＝A*10-n, A is not more than 2).
The constant head permeation test is suitable for samples with larger permeation coefficients, namely k T＝1*10-2cm/s～1*10-3 cm/s; the test of a sample with a smaller permeability coefficient, namely k T＝1*10-3cm/s～1*10-6 cm/s, is carried out by adopting a variable water head permeation device; for samples of very high and very low permeability, special test methods or indirect calculation of the permeability coefficient are required.
(IV) comparative analysis of test coefficients and empirical parameters test and data for whether this portion is comparative analyzed
So far, no relevant report of salt lake core sample permeability coefficient test exists in China, no corresponding numerical value exists, and only 'loose earth and rock permeability coefficient empirical values' in hydrogeological parameters can be compared. The values of 20SY3033, 20SY3034 are between fine sand and silt, the value of 20SY3662 belongs to the silt class, the values of 20SY3660, 20SY3664 belong to the sub-clay class, and the remaining samples belong to the clay class.
(V) conclusion and problem and treatment measures
Because of the specificity of the salt lake core sample, the test of the permeability coefficient is not as simple as imagined, the result of the slightly careless test is a false value, and the test of the permeability coefficient belongs to destructive test, and the reliability of the test result is difficult to judge without sample description and photo. Performing a penetration test on a columnar rock core with a very compact rock salt crystal composition by using an MD-04 type reservoir sensitivity flow experimental device, wherein the annular pressure of the rock core is increased to about 2.0 MPa; and carrying out a penetration test on the core with good permeability and the core mainly composed of sandy soil by using a constant water head device, screwing on a water outlet end steel pipe cover after the water outlet end steel pipe cover is observed, and taking care of checking whether side leakage between the core and the wax occurs or not by checking whether the penetration medium is subjected to wax sealing again until the side leakage does not occur. The particularly soft silt clay is recommended to be tested by using a variable head device in the permeability coefficient according to the geotechnical test method standard (GB/T50123-2019) by cutting with a cutting ring. It is important that the salt lake core sample is sealed in a permeation container without side leakage, the viscosity of the universal glue to the core is poor (especially to very tight rock salt), and further the improvement method is further improved by searching for glue with better viscosity.
In the foregoing, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any simple changes or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions that can be obviously obtained by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed in the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An indoor device for permeability test, its characterized in that: including water supply bucket (2), blast pipe (3), inlet tube (4), outlet pipe (5), self-made paraffin (6), steel pipe lid (7), steel pipe (8), graduated flask (9), salt lake rock core sample (10) and emulsion pipe (11), be equipped with emulsion pipe (11) on water supply bucket (2), be connected through inlet tube (4) between emulsion pipe (11) and steel pipe (8), be equipped with steel pipe lid (7) on steel pipe (8), be equipped with blast pipe (3) and outlet pipe (5) on steel pipe lid (7), steel pipe (8) are inside to be equipped with salt lake rock core sample (10), self-made paraffin (6) and graduated flask (9), water supply bucket (2) are inside to hold brine (1);
the operation method of the device for the indoor permeability test comprises the following steps:
Step 1, simply describing sample composition and loosening degree of the sample property of the salt lake core before the test, roughly judging the permeability of the sample of the salt lake core, and performing a permeability test on a columnar core which mainly comprises a rock salt crystal and is very compact according to the judgment by using an MD-04 type reservoir sensitivity flow experimental device; performing a penetration test on the core with good permeability and the core mainly composed of sandy soil by using a constant head device; photographing each salt lake core sample;
Step 2, permeability coefficient test detection of MD-04 type reservoir sensitivity flow experiment device:
① Processing a salt lake core sample: firstly, processing a salt lake core sample, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps of: cutting a core sample by 10-15cm, accurately measuring the length L and the diameter d of the core, and winding a plurality of layers of water-stopping adhesive tapes;
② Detection of salt lake core samples: placing a wound salt lake core sample into a holder, installing a plug, pressurizing to the core annular pressure of 2MPa by using a manual pressurizing device, connecting water supply bottle brine or brine storage bottle brine to provide the front end brine pressure of the core, recording the height delta H of a water supply bottle, recording the pressure delta P of a pressure gauge by a brine storage bottle, and recording the volume Q of the brine flowing out in a unit time t after the brine flowing out from a water outlet end is stable, namely measuring the time required by 100ml of the brine flowing out from a water outlet pipe by using a straight 100ml graduated cylinder;
③ The permeability coefficient of the salt lake core sample is calculated according to the following formula:
kT＝Q*L/(t*ρ*ΔH*A)
the permeability coefficient of the salt lake core sample is calculated according to the following formula:
kT＝Q*L/(t*ΔP*A*104)
Wherein: k T is the permeability coefficient in cm/s;
The amount of permeated brine in Q time t is 3 units cm;
A is the cross-sectional area of brine passing through an undisturbed salt sample, and the unit is cm 2;
l is the length of the undisturbed salt sample, and the unit is cm;
Δh is brine head height in cm;
ρ is the brine weight;
step 3, constant head device permeability coefficient test detection:
① Processing a salt lake core sample: firstly, processing a salt lake core sample, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps of: cutting a core sample by 10cm, and accurately measuring the length L and the diameter d of the core; coating a layer of glue on the side surface of the cylinder of the core sample in a thin manner, vertically placing the sample into a steel pipe of a permeation container after 10 to 20 minutes, covering the upper and lower surfaces of the core sample by using a water-stop adhesive tape, and pouring by using a decocted paraffin solution; after the paraffin is solidified, the steel pipe filled with the salt core sample is trimmed, the paraffin and the inner wall of the steel pipe are stuck together by using glue, one surface is three points, and a layer of clay is coated on the paraffin for water inflow measurement;
② Detection of salt lake core samples: screwing a steel pipe cover on the processed steel pipe filled with the core sample, performing a penetration test by using a constant water head device or a variable water head device, controlling the height delta H of the constant water head device, and recording the volume Q of brine flowing out in unit time t after brine flowing out from a water outlet end is stable, namely measuring the time required by flowing out 100ml of brine at a water outlet pipe by using a straight 100ml graduated cylinder;
③ The permeability coefficient of the salt lake core sample is calculated according to the following formula:
kT＝Q*L/(t*ρ*ΔH*A)
Wherein: k T is the permeability coefficient in cm/s;
The amount of permeated brine in Q time t is 3 units cm;
A is the cross-sectional area of brine passing through an undisturbed salt sample, and the unit is cm 2;
l is the length of the undisturbed salt sample, and the unit is cm;
Δh is brine head height in cm;
ρ is the brine weight;
step 4, quality control of salt lake core sample permeability coefficient measurement
The test of the permeability coefficient of the salt lake core sample belongs to destructive tests; all data personnel record that, in order to ensure quality, the test should be operated by two persons together, the states of the test sample before and after the damage should be described, and the electronic weighing equipment must be used after calibration; the absolute error of the permeability coefficient test results is performed according to the permeability coefficient requirements of the allowable differences of the geotechnical test in the specification.
2. The apparatus for an indoor penetration test according to claim 1, wherein: the specification of the water supply barrel (2) is 60cm multiplied by 50cm.
3. The apparatus for an indoor penetration test according to claim 1, wherein: the inner diameter of the steel pipe cover (7) is 15cm, and the outer diameter is 16cm.
4. The apparatus for an indoor penetration test according to claim 1, wherein: the inner diameter of the steel pipe (8) is 14cm, the outer diameter of the steel pipe is 15cm, and the length of the steel pipe is 11.5cm.
5. The apparatus for an indoor penetration test according to claim 1, wherein: the gauge of the measuring cylinder (9) is 100ml.
6. The apparatus for an indoor penetration test according to claim 1, wherein: the paraffin in the step 3 is prepared by decocting paraffin, rosin, turpentine and ferric oxide in a ratio of 6.5:3:1:1.
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