Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a special vehicle, which solves the problem that the space for installing and refitting the vehicle is small in the prior art.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a special vehicle, including: a frame; the driving axle comprises a driving axle housing arranged below the frame, a mounting bracket positioned in the middle of the driving axle housing in the length direction and a hydraulic motor arranged at the mounting bracket; the traveling wheel is arranged at the end part of the drive axle housing and is connected with the hydraulic motor to receive driving to rotate; the rear axle steering is arranged at the rear part of the frame; the power system comprises an engine, a hydraulic main pump, an assembling bracket and a transmission pump; the engine is provided with two output shafts which are arranged in parallel, and the output shafts rotate around the axes of the output shafts; the hydraulic main pump is positioned on one side of the engine and is connected with one output shaft of the engine and the hydraulic motor so as to drive the hydraulic motor; the assembling support and the hydraulic main pump are positioned on the same side of the engine, and a height difference is formed between the assembling support and the hydraulic main pump; the transmission pump is arranged at the assembling bracket; the transmission pump is connected with the other output shaft of the engine so as to drive the rear axle to steer.
In one embodiment, the transmission pump includes two hydraulic pumps connected in parallel, one of the hydraulic pumps is connected to the rear axle in a steering manner, and the other hydraulic pump is used for being connected to a heat dissipation system of the special vehicle.
In one embodiment, one of the output shafts of the engine is connected with the hydraulic main pump through a first coupling.
In one embodiment, the outer periphery of the first coupling is provided with a shell; the assembling support is fixedly connected with the shell.
In one embodiment, the assembling bracket is plate-shaped and is arranged vertically; the transmission pump is connected with the assembling bracket through a fastener.
In one embodiment, one of the output shafts of the engine is connected to the transmission pump through a second coupling.
In one embodiment, the transmission pump is connected to the rear axle steering unit and the heat dissipation system through a connection pipeline respectively.
In one embodiment, the hydraulic main pump is connected to the hydraulic motor through a hydraulic line.
In one embodiment, the drive axle includes a front drive axle arranged in the front of the frame and a rear drive axle arranged in the rear of the frame, the mounting bracket of the front drive axle is located at the rear of the drive axle housing, and the mounting bracket of the rear drive axle is located at the front of the drive axle housing.
In one embodiment, the mounting bracket is fixed on the side surface of the drive axle housing and protrudes out of the side part of the drive axle housing, a mounting space is formed in the mounting bracket, and an internal spline is arranged on the peripheral wall of the mounting space;
the periphery of hydraulic motor is equipped with the external splines, the external splines with the internal spline phase-match realizes hydraulic motor with the connection of installing support.
In one embodiment, the mounting bracket is fixed on the side surface of the drive axle housing and protrudes out of the side part of the drive axle housing, a mounting space is formed in the mounting bracket, and an inner flat key groove is formed in the peripheral wall of the mounting space;
the periphery of hydraulic motor is equipped with outer flat keyway, outer flat keyway interior flat keyway phase-match to realize through the flat key hydraulic motor with installing support's connection.
In one embodiment, the mounting bracket is fixed on the side surface of the drive axle housing and protrudes out of the side part of the drive axle housing, and the mounting bracket is connected with a flange so as to be connected with the hydraulic motor through a fastener and the flange.
In one embodiment, the transaxle case and the mounting bracket are integrally formed.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the special vehicle comprises a frame, a driving axle, a rear axle steering and a power system. The hydraulic motor is driven by the power system to drive the travelling wheels to rotate. The hydraulic motor of the driving axle is arranged at the mounting bracket and is connected with the power system through the hydraulic motor, so that the special vehicle can walk. And the special vehicle realizes the gear shifting function through the matching of the engine, the hydraulic main pump and the hydraulic motor, omits a speed change phase in the related technology, and further increases the installation and modification arrangement space. Furthermore, the special vehicle drives the rear axle to steer through the transmission pump, so that the all-wheel steering function is realized, and the maneuverability of the special vehicle is improved.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments that embody features and advantages of the invention are described in detail below in the specification. It is to be understood that the invention is capable of other embodiments and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention and the description and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.
For further explanation of the principles and construction of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a special vehicle which has larger loading and modification space and is suitable for vehicles with special purposes, such as a stirring tank car and a snow sweeper.
Referring to fig. 1, the special vehicle 1 includes a frame 11, a power system 12, a drive axle 13, road wheels 14, a rear axle steering (not shown), and a heat dissipation system (not shown).
For convenience of description, the longitudinal direction of the frame 11 is defined as a longitudinal direction, and the width direction of the frame 11 is defined as a transverse direction. The direction of the frame 11 close to the cab is front, and the direction far away from the cab is rear.
The frame 11 is a frame type, and generally includes two longitudinal beams arranged in parallel at intervals and a plurality of cross beams arranged between the two longitudinal beams.
The powertrain 12 is disposed at a front portion of the frame 11. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the power system 12 specifically includes an engine 121, a hydraulic main pump 122, a mounting bracket 123, and a transmission pump 124.
The engine 121 is fixed to the front portion of the frame 11 and is used to power the entire special vehicle 1. Specifically, the engine 121 has two output shafts arranged in parallel, each of which rotates about its own axis. In this embodiment, the two output shafts are a first output shaft and a second output shaft, respectively.
The hydraulic main pump 122 is provided on one side of the engine 121. And the hydraulic main pump 122 is located at the bottom of the engine 121. In the present embodiment, the hydraulic main pump 122 is located on the rear side of the engine 121.
The input of the hydraulic main pump 122 is connected to a second output shaft of the engine 121 via a second coupling 126, such that the input of the hydraulic main pump 122 rotates with the second output shaft. Specifically, an input end of the hydraulic main pump 122 is fixedly connected with one end of the second coupling 126, and a second output shaft is fixedly connected with the other end of the second coupling 126.
When the hydraulic main pump 122 is driven by the engine 121, that is, the second output shaft rotates, high-pressure oil of the hydraulic main pump 122 is output.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic main pump 122 may be a plunger pump, a gear pump, or a screw pump, which is specifically set according to the actual situation.
The mounting bracket 123 is mounted above the housing of the second coupling 126 to thereby enable connection of the mounting bracket 123 to the engine 121.
Specifically, the mounting bracket 123 has a plate shape and is vertically disposed. A through hole is formed in the middle of the mounting bracket 123, and the axis of the through hole extends in the longitudinal direction.
The transmission pump 124 is connected with the mounting bracket 123 to realize the installation of the transmission pump 124, so that the transmission pump 124 and the hydraulic main pump 122 have a height difference. In this embodiment, the transmission pump 124 includes two hydraulic pumps connected in parallel, and the two hydraulic pumps are respectively connected to the rear axle steering and heat dissipating system, so as to drive the rear axle steering and heat dissipating system to operate. The two hydraulic pumps are respectively connected with the rear axle steering and heat radiating system through first connecting pipelines.
Specifically, the transmission pump 124 is connected to the engine 121 via a first coupling 125, such that the input end of the transmission pump 124 rotates with the first output shaft of the engine 121. The transmission pump 124 outputs high-pressure oil of the transmission pump 124 when driven by the engine 121, that is, when the first output shaft rotates.
The first coupling 125 is located above the second coupling 126. The input end of the transmission pump 124 passes through a through hole on the mounting bracket 123 and is connected with the first coupling 125, so as to realize connection with the first output shaft of the engine 121. Specifically, the input end of the transmission pump 124 is fixedly connected to one end of the first coupling 125, and the first output shaft is fixedly connected to the other end of the first coupling 125.
The drive axle 13 includes a front drive axle 13 disposed at the front of the frame 11 and a rear drive axle 13 disposed at the rear of the frame 11. The front drive axle 13 is spaced from the rear drive frame 11 along the length of the frame 11, i.e. longitudinally. The drive axle 13 is connected to the hydraulic main pump 122 via a second connecting line.
The front drive axle 13 is located behind the powertrain 12, specifically behind the hydraulic main pump 122. Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the front drive axle 13 includes a transaxle housing 131, a mounting bracket 132, and a hydraulic motor 133.
The transaxle case 131 extends in the lateral direction and is connected to the vehicle frame 11 via a front suspension.
Road wheels 14 are mounted on both ends of the transaxle case 131.
The mounting bracket 132 is provided at the middle portion in the length direction of the transaxle case 131 and protrudes out of one side of the transaxle case 131, and in this embodiment, the mounting bracket 132 protrudes out of the rear side of the transaxle case 131. In the present embodiment in particular, the mounting bracket 132 is integrally formed with the transaxle case 131, which improves the overall strength of the front drive axle 13.
The hydraulic motor 133 is connected with the mounting bracket 132 to realize the mounting of the hydraulic motor 133, and the hydraulic motor 133 is connected with the traveling wheels 14 to drive the traveling wheels 14 to rotate, thereby realizing the traveling function.
In this embodiment, the mounting bracket 132 has a mounting space therein, and the mounting space has an internal spline on a peripheral wall thereof. The outer circumference of the hydraulic motor 133 is provided with an external spline, and the external spline and the internal spline are adapted to realize the installation of the hydraulic motor 133.
In other embodiments, an inner flat key groove may be formed on the circumferential wall of the installation space. Outer flat keyway has been seted up to hydraulic motor 133's periphery, and outer flat keyway and interior flat keyway phase-match to realize being connected of hydraulic motor 133 and installing support 132 through the flat key.
In yet another embodiment, the mounting bracket 132 and the hydraulic motor 133 may be connected by flanges and fasteners.
The hydraulic motor 133 and the hydraulic main pump 122 are connected through a hydraulic pipeline, so that high-pressure oil delivered by the hydraulic main pump 122 is converted into mechanical energy, and the road wheels 14 are driven to rotate.
Specifically, an electromagnetic valve 15 is also provided between the hydraulic motor 133 and the hydraulic main pump 122. The engine 121 drives the hydraulic main pump 122, the power drives the hydraulic motor 133 via the electromagnetic valve 15, and the hydraulic motor 133 drives the road wheels 14.
The solenoid valve 15 has a spring position and a charging position, and when the solenoid valve 15 is in the spring position, the hydraulic motor 133 rotates forward, and the special vehicle 1 is in a forward state. When the solenoid valve 15 is at a potential, the hydraulic motor 133 is reversed, and the special vehicle 1 is in a reverse state.
The rear drive axle 13 is located rearward of the front drive axle 13, and its mounting bracket 132 projects out of the front side of the transaxle case 131.
When the rear drive axle 13 is driven by the engine 121 and the electromagnetic valve 15 is in the spring position, the hydraulic motor 133 rotates reversely, so that the special vehicle 1 is in a forward state by being matched with the front drive axle 13. When the electromagnetic valve 15 is at a potential, the hydraulic motor 133 is rotated forward, and is engaged with the front drive axle 13 to reverse the special vehicle 1.
The rest of the structure of the rear drive axle 13 is the same as that of the front drive axle 13, and reference may be made to the description of the front drive axle 13, which is not repeated herein.
Referring to fig. 6, the power system 12 provides power to the driving axle 13, so that the driving axle 13 works according to the following principle:
the engine 121 is started to drive the hydraulic main pump 122, and power drives the solenoid valve 15 of the front drive axle 13 and the solenoid valve 15 of the rear drive axle 13 via the solenoid valves 15. At this time, the solenoid valve 15 of the front drive axle 13 is in the spring position, and the hydraulic motor 133 thereof rotates forward, so that the road wheels 14 at the front drive axle 13 rotate forward. The solenoid valve 15 of the rear drive axle 13 is in a spring position and its hydraulic motor 133 is reversed, reversing the road wheels 14 at the rear drive axle 13. Thereby realizing the forward movement of the special vehicle 1.
The engine 121 is started to drive the hydraulic main pump 122, and power drives the solenoid valve 15 of the front drive axle 13 and the solenoid valve 15 of the rear drive axle 13 via the solenoid valves 15. At this time, the solenoid valve 15 of the front drive axle 13 is set to the potential, and the hydraulic motor 133 thereof is reversed, thereby reversing the road wheels 14 of the front drive axle 13. The solenoid valve 15 of the rear drive axle 13 is at a potential, and the hydraulic motor 133 thereof rotates forward, so that the road wheels 14 at the rear drive axle 13 rotate forward. Thereby realizing the reverse of the special vehicle 1.
Further, an overflow valve 16 is disposed between the hydraulic main pump 122 and the two hydraulic motors 133, and the overflow valve 16 is disposed on the hydraulic line to prevent the hydraulic line from being overloaded, thereby forming a safety loop.
The front drive axle and the rear drive axle both comprise the hydraulic motor 133 and are driven by the hydraulic main pump 122 to realize the driving function, so that the front drive axle and the rear drive axle are not connected through a transmission shaft, the transmission efficiency of the front drive axle and the rear drive axle is improved, a space is formed between the front drive axle and the rear drive axle, and a layout space is provided for top loading and refitting. A transmission shaft is not needed between the front drive axle and the rear drive axle, the wheelbase of the special vehicle 1 in the embodiment can be flexibly designed and adjusted, and the barrier that certain short wheelbase vehicles cannot be arranged and designed is broken.
Through the cooperation of the engine 121, the hydraulic main pump 122 and the hydraulic motor 133, the gear and the vehicle speed of the special vehicle 1 are changed, compared with the related art, a gearbox is omitted, and the arrangement space of the special vehicle 1 is increased.
The rear axle steering is connected to one of the hydraulic pumps of the transmission pump 124, receives the drive of the hydraulic pump, and further implements the steering function. Specifically, the rear axle steering comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder, a left steering wheel and a right steering wheel, the hydraulic oil cylinder is provided with two piston rods, and the two piston rods are respectively connected with the left steering wheel and the right steering wheel. The hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with a transmission pump 124 and driven by power, so that the piston rod moves leftwards or rightwards, and steering is realized.
The engine 121 drives the transmission pump 124 and then drives the rear axle to steer, so that the rear wheel steering of the special vehicle 1 is realized, wherein the front wheel steering is the same as that in the related art, so that the special vehicle 1 realizes the all-wheel steering, and the maneuverability of the special vehicle 1 is improved.
The heat dissipation system is connected to another hydraulic pump of the transmission pump 124, and is driven by the hydraulic pump to circulate the heat dissipation liquid to achieve the heat dissipation function. Specifically, the heat dissipation system comprises a heat radiator, a heat dissipation pipeline and a heat dissipation medium positioned in the heat dissipation pipeline. In this embodiment, the heat dissipation medium is oil.
The hydraulic pump is started to provide power to enable the heat dissipation medium to flow in the heat dissipation pipeline, enter the radiator to be cooled and then enter the heat dissipation pipeline to circulate.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the special vehicle comprises a frame, a driving axle, a rear axle steering and a power system. The hydraulic motor is driven by the power system to drive the travelling wheels to rotate. The hydraulic motor of the driving axle is arranged at the mounting bracket and is connected with the power system through the hydraulic motor, so that the special vehicle can walk. And the special vehicle realizes the gear shifting function through the matching of the engine, the hydraulic main pump and the hydraulic motor, omits a speed change phase in the related technology, and further increases the installation and modification arrangement space. Furthermore, the special vehicle drives the rear axle to steer through the transmission pump, so that the all-wheel steering function is realized, and the maneuverability of the special vehicle is improved.
While the present invention has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it is understood that the terminology used is intended to be in the nature of words of description and illustration, rather than of limitation. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, as follows: it is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of the claims and equivalents thereof.